Aluminum alloy anti-glare panel material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum alloy anti-glare panel material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of non-ferrous metal materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a zirconium oxide precursor aqueous solution from zirconium hydroxide, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and other raw materials, performing liquid-solid mixing on the zirconium oxide precursor aqueous solution and aluminum alloy powder, filling an anti-glare panel mold with zirconium oxide and aluminum alloy mixed powder obtained after vacuum calcination, and pressing and sintering to obtain the aluminum alloy anti-glare panel. Zirconium oxide particles are fine and evenly distributed at the grain boundary of an aluminum matrix, the grain boundary is strengthened, the tendency of alloy intergranular corrosion is reduced, and the service life of the highway anti-glare panel under the long-term sun-exposure and rain-drenching condition is remarkably prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of nonferrous metal materials. Background Art

[0002] Anti-glare panels are opaque panels installed on the central divider of highways, bridges and culverts, and sections of roads without green plants. Their main function is to prevent accidents caused by temporary blindness of drivers due to strong headlights when vehicles pass each other at night. In the early 1990s, the central dividers of most roads were mainly planted with green plants, which also had a certain anti-glare effect. However, the cost of later maintenance is too high. Watering, pest control, pruning, fertilization, etc. require a lot of manpower, material resources, and financial resources. Planting is easy but the cost of later maintenance is high, and accidents often occur during the maintenance process.

[0003] At present, the commonly used materials for anti-glare panels are generally steel and fiberglass. The biggest problem with steel anti-glare panels is their poor corrosion resistance. They need to be hot-dip galvanized, plastic coated, or painted on the surface to improve corrosion resistance. Although steel has good mechanical properties, its bottom connection is prone to loosening and corrosion in wind, sun, rain and other environments. The materials of fiberglass anti-glare panels are mainly glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester resin and glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin. They have the advantages of light weight and high strength, but their light resistance and aging resistance are relatively poor. Aluminum alloy anti-glare panels do not have the problem of aging caused by wind and rain, and are difficult to break even in strong winds and human factors. Therefore, they are expected to be used on highways. It is very necessary to find a method for preparing aluminum alloy anti-glare panel materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of poor corrosion resistance, poor light resistance, and poor aging resistance of traditional steel and fiberglass anti-glare panels, the present invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy anti-glare panel material and a preparation method thereof, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0005] (1) Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate are added to a zirconium hydroxide aqueous solution in a certain proportion, and nitric acid is added dropwise to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to between 5.5 and 6, thereby obtaining a precursor aqueous solution of zirconium oxide.

[0006] (2) Aluminum alloy powder is added to the precursor aqueous solution of step (1) in a certain proportion and allowed to stand until it condenses into a colloidal substance, followed by drying and dehydration, and then calcined in vacuum to obtain a mixed powder of zirconium oxide and aluminum alloy.

[0007] (3) The mixed powder mixture obtained in step (2) is filled into a mold of a highway anti-glare plate, and after compression molding and sintering, an anti-glare plate made of aluminum alloy is obtained.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of zirconium hydroxide, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate in step (1) of the present invention is 1:(0.01-0.05):(0.01-0.05).

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy powder to the zirconium oxide precursor in step (2) of the present invention is 1:(0.05-0.2).

[0010] Preferably, the particle size of the aluminum alloy powder in step (2) of the present invention is 50-200 μm.

[0011] Preferably, the drying and dehydration temperature in step (2) of the present invention is 60 to 80° C., and the time is 2 to 4 hours.

[0012] Preferably, the conditions for vacuum calcination in step (2) of the present invention are: 400-700° C., calcination for 1-3 h, and a vacuum degree of -0.01 to -0.2 MPa.

[0013] Preferably, the sintering temperature in step (2) of the present invention is 580-640° C., and the sintering time is 0.5-2 h.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0015] The preparation method of the present invention mainly comprises liquid-solid doping followed by solid-phase sintering. Firstly, liquid-solid doping can obtain a mixed powder that is more dispersed and uniform than solid-solid mixing. Secondly, because the particle size of zirconium oxide prepared by sol-gel is nanometer-level and the aluminum alloy powder is micrometer-level, during the solid-phase sintering process, nanometer-level zirconium oxide has surface effect, small size effect and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, so that it is very easy to be wrapped on the surface of micrometer-level aluminum alloy powder, thereby being evenly distributed at the grain boundary of the aluminum matrix, thereby strengthening the grain boundary and reducing the tendency of intergranular corrosion of the alloy, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material. In addition, the aluminum alloy does not have the phenomenon of light aging, thereby significantly improving the service life of the anti-glare plate and reducing the number of maintenance times. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a microstructure photograph of the aluminum alloy material for the anti-glare plate prepared in the present invention, and it can be clearly seen that the nanoparticles are distributed at the grain boundaries of the aluminum alloy matrix. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] This embodiment relates to an aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and a preparation method thereof, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0020] (1) Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate are added to an aqueous zirconium hydroxide solution, and nitric acid is added dropwise to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 5.5, wherein the mass ratio of zirconium hydroxide, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate is 1:0.03:0.04, to obtain an aqueous solution of a precursor of zirconium oxide.

[0021] (2) Aluminum alloy powder with a particle size of 150 μm was added to the solution (1) at a mass ratio of 1:0.2 with respect to zirconium oxide precursor, and the mixture was allowed to stand to obtain a colloidal substance, which was then dried and dehydrated at 70°C for 3 h, and then calcined at a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa and a temperature of 600°C for 2.5 h to obtain a mixed powder of zirconium oxide and aluminum alloy.

[0022] (3) The mixed powder is filled into a mold and sintered at 600°C for 1.5 hours to obtain an anti-glare plate made of aluminum alloy. The microstructure photo of the anti-glare plate is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the zirconium oxide particles are evenly distributed at the grain boundaries of the aluminum matrix, which can effectively strengthen the grain boundaries and reduce the tendency of intergranular corrosion of the alloy, and has good corrosion resistance.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] This embodiment relates to an aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and a preparation method thereof, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0025] (1) Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate are added to an aqueous zirconium hydroxide solution, and nitric acid is added dropwise to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 5.8, wherein the mass ratio of zirconium hydroxide, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate is 1:0.01:0.05, to obtain an aqueous solution of a precursor of zirconium oxide.

[0026] (2) Aluminum alloy powder with a particle size of 50 μm was added to the solution (1) at a mass ratio of 1:0.05 with respect to zirconium oxide precursor, and the mixture was allowed to stand to obtain a colloidal substance, which was then dried and dehydrated at 60°C for 4 h, and then calcined at a vacuum degree of -0.2 MPa and a temperature of 700°C for 1 h to obtain a mixed powder of zirconium oxide and aluminum alloy.

[0027] (3) The mixed powder is filled into a mold and sintered at 640°C for 0.5h to obtain an anti-glare plate made of aluminum alloy. Its microstructure is similar to that of Example 1. The zirconium oxide particles are evenly distributed at the grain boundaries of the aluminum matrix, which can effectively strengthen the grain boundaries and reduce the tendency of intergranular corrosion of the alloy, and has good corrosion resistance.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] This embodiment relates to an aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and a preparation method thereof, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0030] (1) Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate are added to an aqueous zirconium hydroxide solution, and nitric acid is added dropwise to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 6, wherein the mass ratio of zirconium hydroxide, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate is 1:0.05:0.01, to obtain an aqueous solution of a precursor of zirconium oxide.

[0031] (2) Aluminum alloy powder with a particle size of 200 μm is added to the solution (1) at a mass ratio of 1:0.2 with respect to zirconium oxide precursor, and the mixture is allowed to stand to obtain a colloidal substance, which is then dried and dehydrated at 80°C for 2 h, and then calcined at a vacuum degree of -0.01 MPa and a temperature of 400°C for 3 h to obtain a mixed powder of zirconium oxide and aluminum alloy.

[0032] (3) The mixed powder is filled into a mold and sintered at 580°C for 2h to obtain an anti-glare plate made of aluminum alloy. Its microstructure is similar to that of Example 1. The zirconium oxide particles are evenly distributed at the grain boundaries of the aluminum matrix, which can effectively strengthen the grain boundaries and reduce the tendency of intergranular corrosion of the alloy, and has good corrosion resistance.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and a preparation method thereof, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (1) adding magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate in a certain proportion to an aqueous zirconium hydroxide solution, and dropping nitric acid to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to between 5.5 and 6, thereby obtaining an aqueous solution of a precursor of zirconium oxide; (2) adding aluminum alloy powder in a certain proportion to the precursor aqueous solution of step (1), allowing the mixture to stand until it condenses into a colloidal substance, drying and dehydrating the substance, and then calcining the mixture in a vacuum to obtain a mixed powder of zirconium oxide and aluminum alloy; (3) The mixed powder mixture obtained in step (2) is filled into a mold of a highway anti-glare plate, and after compression molding and sintering, an anti-glare plate made of aluminum alloy is obtained.

2. The aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of zirconium hydroxide, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and yttrium nitrate hexahydrate in step (1) is 1:(0.01-0.05):(0.01-0.05).

3. The aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the aluminum alloy powder to the zirconium oxide precursor in step (2) is 1:(0.05-0.2).

4. The aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the aluminum alloy powder in step (2) is 50-200 μm.

5. The aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying and dehydration temperature in step (2) is 60 to 80° C. and the time is 2 to 4 hours.

6. The aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditions of the vacuum calcination in step (2) are: 400-700° C., calcination for 1-3 hours, and a vacuum degree of -0.01-0.2 MPa.

7. The aluminum alloy anti-glare plate material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sintering temperature in step (2) is 580-640° C. and the sintering time is 0.5-2 h.

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