Reconnaissance instrument for measuring soil bearing capacity of building site

Abstract

The invention discloses a reconnaissance instrument for measuring the soil bearing capacity of a building site. The reconnaissance instrument comprises a main body supporting mechanism, an exploration sub-packaging mechanism connected to the main body supporting mechanism and a driving hammering mechanism. The main body supporting mechanism comprises a main body supporting ring and a main body supporting column which are coaxially and fixedly connected; the exploration sub-packaging mechanism comprises a probe sub-packaging mechanism arranged on the inner side of the main body supporting ring and a probe rod sub-packaging mechanism connected to the main body supporting column; the probe sub-packaging mechanism comprises a probe sub-packaging supporting ring rotationally connected to the inner side of the main body supporting ring, and a plurality of vertically-through probe sub-packaging containing holes are formed in the probe sub-packaging supporting ring; a bearing measuring probe is fixedly clamped in the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole; according to the invention, multiple testing functions are integrated, a static load test, a dynamic penetration test, a standard penetration test and the like can be carried out, and the soil bearing capacity can be evaluated from multiple angles through different testing methods without frequently replacing instruments in the investigation process of the same site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a surveying instrument for measuring the bearing capacity of soil at a construction site. Background Art

[0002] The bearing capacity of foundation soil per unit area as the load increases. The commonly used unit is kPa. It is a comprehensive term for evaluating foundation stability. It should be pointed out that foundation bearing capacity is a practical professional term proposed for foundation design to facilitate the evaluation of foundation strength and stability. It is not a basic property indicator of soil. The shear strength theory of soil is the theoretical basis for studying and determining foundation bearing capacity.

[0003] Under the action of load, the foundation will deform. As the load increases, the deformation of the foundation gradually increases. In the initial stage, the stress in the foundation soil is in an elastic equilibrium state and has a safe bearing capacity. When the load increases to the point in the foundation or the shear stress of each point in a small area in a certain direction reaches the shear strength limit of the soil, the point or each point in the small area will fail in shear and be in a limit equilibrium state, and the stress in the soil will be redistributed. This small-scale shear failure zone is called the plastic zone. The limit equilibrium state of the foundation in a small range can mostly be restored to the elastic equilibrium state, and the foundation can still be stable and still have a safe bearing capacity. However, the deformation of the foundation is slightly larger at this time, and the calculated value of the deformation must be verified and is not allowed to exceed the allowable value. When the load continues to increase and a larger plastic zone appears in the foundation, it will show that the foundation bearing capacity is insufficient and loses stability. At this time, the foundation reaches its ultimate bearing capacity.

[0004] The survey instruments currently used to measure soil bearing capacity have relatively simple functions and cannot be flexibly converted according to the actual geological soil type, and need further improvement and optimization. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surveying instrument for measuring the bearing capacity of soil in a construction site, which has multifunctionality and can cope with soil bearing capacity surveying work in various geological environments.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A surveying instrument for measuring the bearing capacity of soil at a construction site, comprising a main body support mechanism, a surveying subassembly mechanism connected to the main body support mechanism, and a driving hammer mechanism;

[0008] The main body support mechanism comprises a main body support ring and a main body support column which are coaxially fixedly connected;

[0009] The exploration subassembly mechanism includes a probe subassembly mechanism arranged on the inner side of the main body support ring and a probe rod subassembly mechanism connected to the main body support column;

[0010] The probe subassembly mechanism comprises a probe subassembly support ring rotatably connected to the inner side of the main body support ring, and the probe subassembly support ring is provided with a plurality of vertically penetrating probe subassembly accommodating holes;

[0011] The probe subassembly support ring is driven by a servo motor fixed on the inner side of the main body support ring to rotate around the axis of the main body support ring;

[0012] The fixed clamp in the probe subassembly receiving hole holds the carrying measuring probe;

[0013] The probe rod subassembly mechanism comprises a probe rod subassembly support ring column rotatably connected to the main support column and coaxial therewith, a plurality of vertically extending probe rod subassembly accommodating tube shells are connected to the outer side of the probe rod subassembly support ring column through an outwardly extending adapter mechanism, and the inner side of the probe rod subassembly accommodating tube shell is fixedly clamped and held to carry the measuring probe rod through a clamping lifting mechanism;

[0014] The driving hammer mechanism comprises a hammer mechanism support plate rotatably connected to the top of the main support column, a plurality of hammer accommodating cylinders with openings facing downwards are connected to the outer side of the hammer mechanism support plate, and a hammer weight is slidably connected in the hammer accommodating cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the carrying measuring probe is fixedly clamped in the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole by a clamping and rotating mechanism, the clamping and rotating mechanism comprises a probe clamping support ring rotatably connected in the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole, and the probe clamping support ring is driven by a servo motor fixed in the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole to rotate around the axis of the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole;

[0016] A plurality of probe clamping support tubes with one end open are fixed on the top of the probe clamping support ring, the opening direction of the probe clamping support tube is toward the axis side of the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole, a probe clamping telescopic tube is slidably connected inside the probe clamping support tube, a probe clamping gasket is fixed on the outer end of the probe clamping telescopic tube, and a probe clamping driving rod for driving the probe clamping telescopic tube to move is fixed inside the probe clamping support tube.

[0017] Description: The clamping and rotating mechanism can stably clamp and fix the load-bearing measuring probe in the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole, and provide rotation drive for the load-bearing measuring probe when the load-bearing measuring probe rod is docked with the load-bearing measuring probe.

[0018] Preferably, the outward-extending adapting mechanism comprises two outward-extending deflection support rods connected to the outside of the main support column and arranged parallel to each other, one end of the outward-extending deflection support rod is connected to the outside of the main support column through a first fixed hinge, and the other end of the outward-extending deflection support rod is connected to the probe rod subassembly accommodating tube shell through a second fixed hinge;

[0019] An outwardly extending adaptable driving rod is arranged on the outer side of the main body supporting column and is used for driving the outwardly extending deflection supporting rod to deflect around the rotating shaft of the first fixed hinge.

[0020] Description: The outwardly extending adapter mechanism can drive the probe sub-packaging housing shell together with the carrying measuring probe to move relatively along the radial direction of the main support column, so as to make enough space for driving the hammer mechanism to move in the vertical direction.

[0021] Preferably, the clamping and lifting mechanism comprises a pair of probe rod lifting support slide rails fixed to the inner side of the probe rod subassembly and accommodating tube shell and extending vertically, a probe rod lifting support slider is slidably connected to the probe rod lifting support slide rails, and the probe rod lifting support slider is driven by a servo motor to move along the probe rod lifting support slide rails;

[0022] A probe rod clamping support tube with an open end is fixed on the probe rod lifting support slider, the open end of the probe rod clamping support tube faces the axis side of the probe rod sub-packaging and accommodating tube shell, a probe rod clamping telescopic tube is slidably connected inside the probe rod clamping support tube, a probe rod clamping gasket is fixed on the outer end of the probe rod clamping telescopic tube, and a probe rod clamping driving rod for driving the probe rod clamping telescopic tube to move is provided inside the probe rod clamping support tube.

[0023] Description: The clamping and lifting mechanism can independently drive and move the load-bearing measuring probe rod in the vertical direction, so as to realize the rapid docking and fixing of the load-bearing measuring probe rod and the load-bearing measuring probe head together.

[0024] Preferably, the hammer accommodating cylinder is connected to the hammer mechanism support plate through a hammer lifting mechanism, the hammer lifting mechanism includes a hammer lifting support tube shell fixed at the top edge of the hammer mechanism support plate and extending vertically, a hammer lifting support column is slidably connected inside the hammer lifting support tube shell, and a lifting matching groove that is connected inside and outside and extends vertically is provided on the side wall of the hammer lifting support tube shell, and the hammer accommodating cylinder is fixedly connected to the hammer lifting support column through a lifting connecting plate;

[0025] The hammer lifting support column is provided with a vertically penetrating lifting drive threaded hole, and the lifting drive threaded rod is connected to the lifting drive threaded hole through the threaded transmission. A lifting drive accommodating shell is fixed on the top of the hammer lifting support tube shell, and the upper end of the lifting drive threaded rod extends into the lifting drive accommodating shell. A lifting drive motor for driving the lifting drive threaded rod to rotate is fixed in the lifting drive accommodating shell.

[0026] Description: The hammer lifting mechanism can flexibly migrate the whole composed of the load-bearing measuring probe and the load-bearing measuring probe rod in the vertical direction, so as to accurately place the load-bearing measuring probe and the load-bearing measuring probe rod according to actual conditions.

[0027] Preferably, a hammer lifting mechanism is provided on the top of the hammer accommodating cylinder, and the hammer lifting mechanism includes a lifting drive accommodating shell fixed on the top of the hammer accommodating cylinder, a hammer lifting winch is fixed in the lifting drive accommodating shell, the outer end of the cable of the hammer lifting winch extends into the hammer accommodating cylinder, a hammer lifting column is fixed at one end of the cable extending into the hammer accommodating cylinder, and a hammer lifting electromagnet is fixed at the lower end of the hammer lifting column.

[0028] Description: The hammer lifting mechanism uses electromagnetic suction to temporarily fix the hammer lifting column and the hammer weight together, and can quickly release the hammer weight after it is lifted to a predetermined height.

[0029] Preferably, a direction constraint rod parallel to the axis of the hammer accommodating cylinder is fixed in the hammer accommodating cylinder, and a vertically penetrating direction constraint fitting hole is provided on the hammer weight, and the direction constraint rod is slidably fitted in the direction constraint fitting hole.

[0030] Description: The direction restraint rod can effectively restrain the vertical reciprocating motion of the hammer.

[0031] Preferably, a stable clamping mechanism is provided at the lower end of the hammer accommodating cylinder, and the stable clamping mechanism includes a stable clamping support ring connected to the lower end of the hammer accommodating cylinder and arranged coaxially therewith, a stable clamping connecting ring is rotatably connected inside the stable clamping support ring, a plurality of stable clamping support cylinders with one end open are fixed on the side wall of the stable clamping connecting ring, the open end of the stable clamping support cylinder faces one side of the axis of the stable clamping connecting ring, a stable clamping sliding cylinder is slidably connected inside the stable clamping support cylinder, and a stable clamping matching plate is fixed to the outer end of the stable clamping sliding cylinder;

[0032] A stable clamping driving rod for driving the stable clamping sliding cylinder to move is arranged in the stable clamping supporting cylinder;

[0033] An auxiliary lifting support cylinder with an opening facing downward is fixedly connected to the outside of the hammer accommodating cylinder, an auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder with an opening facing upward is slidably connected inside the auxiliary lifting support cylinder, an auxiliary lifting driving rod for driving the auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder to move is provided inside the auxiliary lifting support cylinder, and a stabilizing clamping support ring is fixedly connected to the lower ends of multiple auxiliary lifting sliding cylinders.

[0034] Note: When the load-bearing measuring probe and the load-bearing measuring probe rod penetrate into the soil, the stable clamping mechanism can provide a good restraint effect on the load-bearing measuring probe rod, so that it always remains in a vertical state, thereby preventing the load-bearing measuring probe and the load-bearing measuring probe rod from being tilted as a whole and affecting the measurement accuracy.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in the following aspects:

[0036] 1. The invention has reasonable structural design and multifunctionality. It can assemble corresponding load-bearing measuring probes and load-bearing measuring rods according to actual geological conditions, integrates multiple testing functions, and can perform static load tests, dynamic penetration tests, standard penetration tests, etc. During the survey of the same site, there is no need to frequently change instruments, and the soil bearing capacity can be evaluated from multiple angles through different testing methods;

[0037] 2. The present invention is easy to operate. The probe subassembly mechanism and the probe rod subassembly mechanism are used to respectively subassemble the load-bearing measurement probe and the load-bearing measurement probe rod, so that the load-bearing measurement probes and the load-bearing measurement probe rods of different specifications can be quickly assembled together;

[0038] 3. The hammer lifting mechanism of the present invention can flexibly move the load-bearing measuring probe and the load-bearing measuring probe rod in the vertical direction, so as to accurately place the load-bearing measuring probe and the load-bearing measuring probe rod according to actual conditions;

[0039] 4. The stable clamping mechanism of the present invention can provide a good restraining effect on the load-bearing measuring probe during the process of the load-bearing measuring probe and the load-bearing measuring probe penetrating the soil, so that the load-bearing measuring probe and the load-bearing measuring probe always remain in a vertical state, thereby preventing the load-bearing measuring probe and the load-bearing measuring probe from being tilted as a whole and affecting the measurement accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0042] Figure 3 It is a left side view of the hammer lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping and rotating mechanism of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the outwardly extending adapter mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a left side view of the clamping lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 is a top view of the clamping and lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stable clamping mechanism of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure, 10-main body support mechanism, 11-main body support ring, 12-main body support column, 20-exploration subassembly mechanism, 21-probe subassembly mechanism, 211-probe subassembly support ring, 212-probe subassembly accommodating hole, 22-probe rod subassembly mechanism, 220-probe rod subassembly support ring column, 221-probe rod subassembly accommodating tube shell, 30-driving hammer mechanism, 31-hammer mechanism support plate, 32-hammer accommodating tube, 321-direction constraint rod, 33-hammer weight, 330-direction constraint matching hole, 34- hammer lifting mechanism, 341- hammer lifting support tube shell, 3410- lifting matching groove, 342- hammer lifting support column, 3420- lifting drive threaded hole, 3421- lifting connection plate, 343- lifting drive threaded rod, 344- lifting drive housing, 345- lifting drive motor, 35- hammer lifting mechanism, 350- cable, 351- lifting drive housing, 352- hammer lifting winch, 353- hammer lifting column, 354- hammer lifting electromagnet, 41- clamp Holding rotation mechanism, 411-probe clamping support ring, 412-probe clamping support cylinder, 413-probe clamping telescopic cylinder, 414-probe clamping gasket, 415-probe clamping drive rod, 42-extension adapter mechanism, 421-extension deflection support rod, 4211-first fixed hinge, 4212-second fixed hinge, 422-extension adapter drive rod, 43-clamping lifting mechanism, 431-probe lifting support slide rail, 432-probe lifting support slider, 433-probe clamping support cylinder, 4 34-probe rod clamping telescopic cylinder, 435-probe rod clamping gasket, 436-probe rod clamping driving rod, 44-stable clamping mechanism, 441-stable clamping support ring, 442-stable clamping connecting ring, 443-stable clamping support cylinder, 444-stable clamping sliding cylinder, 445-stable clamping matching plate, 446-stable clamping driving rod, 447-auxiliary lifting support cylinder, 448-auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder, 449-auxiliary lifting driving rod, 91-load-bearing measuring probe, 92-load-bearing measuring probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 8 The present invention is described in detail. For the convenience of description, the directions mentioned below are defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, front, and back directions mentioned below are consistent with the up, down, left, right, front, and back directions of the projection relationship of the respective main views or structural schematic diagrams themselves.

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] A surveying instrument for determining the bearing capacity of soil at a construction site, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a main body support mechanism 10, an exploration and packaging mechanism 20 connected to the main body support mechanism 10, and a driving hammer mechanism 30;

[0052] The main body support mechanism 10 comprises a main body support ring 11 and a main body support column 12 which are coaxially fixedly connected;

[0053] The axes of the main body support ring 11 and the main body support column 12 are both arranged vertically;

[0054] The exploration subassembly mechanism 20 includes a probe subassembly mechanism 21 disposed inside the main body support ring 11 and a probe rod subassembly mechanism 22 connected to the main body support column 12;

[0055] The probe subassembly mechanism 21 comprises a probe subassembly support ring 211 rotatably connected to the inner side of the main body support ring 11, and the probe subassembly support ring 211 has a plurality of vertically penetrating probe subassembly accommodating holes 212;

[0056] The probe subassembly support ring 211 is driven by a servo motor fixed on the inner side of the main body support ring 11 to rotate around the axis of the main body support ring 11. A grating ruler for detecting the relative position of the probe subassembly support ring 211 is arranged between the probe subassembly support ring 211 and the main body support ring 11. The scale grating of the grating ruler is fixedly installed on the inner side of the main body support ring 11, and the grating reading head of the grating ruler is fixedly installed on the probe subassembly support ring 211.

[0057] The probe subassembly receiving hole 212 is fixed with a clamp to hold the measuring probe 91;

[0058] The probe rod subassembly mechanism 22 includes a probe rod subassembly support ring column 220 rotatably connected to the main support column 12 and coaxial therewith, and a plurality of vertically extending probe rod subassembly accommodating tube shells 221 are connected to the outer side of the probe rod subassembly support ring column 220 through an outwardly extending adapter mechanism 42, and the inner side of the probe rod subassembly accommodating tube shell 221 is fixedly clamped and holds the measuring probe rod 92 through a clamping lifting mechanism 43;

[0059] The probe rod sub-packaging and accommodating tube shell 221 has a take-and-place slot on one side away from the main support column 12, and the take-and-place slot is connected in a direction parallel to the axis of the probe rod sub-packaging and accommodating tube shell 221;

[0060] The probe rod subassembly support ring column 220 is driven by a servo motor fixed on the main support column 12 to rotate around the axis of the main support column 12. A grating ruler for detecting the relative position of the probe rod subassembly support ring column 220 is arranged between the probe rod subassembly support ring column 220 and the main support column 12. The scale grating of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the main support column 12, and the grating reading head of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the probe rod subassembly support ring column 220.

[0061] The driving hammer mechanism 30 includes a hammer mechanism support plate 31 rotatably connected to the top of the main support column 12 , and a plurality of hammer accommodating tubes 32 with openings facing downward are connected to the outer side of the hammer mechanism support plate 31 , and a hammer weight 33 is slidably connected inside the hammer accommodating tube 32 .

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, the measuring probe 91 is fixedly clamped in the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole 212 by the clamping and rotating mechanism 41. Figure 4 As shown, the clamping and rotating mechanism 41 includes a probe clamping support ring 411 rotatably connected to the probe sub-packaging and accommodating hole 212, and the probe clamping support ring 411 is driven by a servo motor fixed in the probe sub-packaging and accommodating hole 212 to rotate around the axis of the probe sub-packaging and accommodating hole 212;

[0063] A grating ruler for detecting the relative position of the probe clamping support ring 411 is arranged between the probe clamping support ring 411 and the inner side wall of the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole 212. The scale grating of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole 212, and the grating reading head of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the probe clamping support ring 411.

[0064] A plurality of probe clamping support tubes 412 with one end open are fixed on the top of the probe clamping support ring 411, the opening direction of the probe clamping support tube 412 is toward the axis side of the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole 212, a probe clamping telescopic tube 413 is slidably connected in the probe clamping support tube 412, a probe clamping gasket 414 is fixed at the outer end of the probe clamping telescopic tube 413, and a probe clamping driving rod 415 for driving the probe clamping telescopic tube 413 to move is fixed in the probe clamping support tube 412;

[0065] The probe clamping driving rod 415 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod, the outer rod end of the probe clamping driving rod 415 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the probe clamping support tube 412 , and the inner rod end of the probe clamping driving rod 415 is fixedly connected to the probe clamping telescopic tube 413 .

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, the outward-extending adapting mechanism 42 includes two outward-extending deflection support rods 421 connected to the outside of the main support column 12 and arranged parallel to each other, one end of the outward-extending deflection support rod 421 is connected to the outside of the main support column 12 through a first fixed hinge 4211, and the other end of the outward-extending deflection support rod 421 is connected to the probe rod subassembly accommodating tube shell 221 through a second fixed hinge 4212;

[0067] The two outwardly extending deflection support rods 421, the main support column 12 and the probe assembly and accommodating tube shell 221 together form a parallel four-link structure;

[0068] An outwardly extending adaptable driving rod 422 for driving the outwardly extending deflection supporting rod 421 to deflect around the rotation axis of the first fixed hinge 4211 is provided on the outer side of the main supporting column 12;

[0069] The outward-extending adapter driving rod 422 is an electrically-controlled telescopic rod, the outer rod end of the outward-extending adapter driving rod 422 is connected to the outer side wall of the main support column 12 by a fixed hinge, and the inner rod end of the outward-extending adapter driving rod 422 is connected to one of the outward-extending deflection support rods 421 by a fixed hinge.

[0070] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the clamping and lifting mechanism 43 includes a pair of probe rod lifting support rails 431 fixed to the inner side of the probe rod sub-packaging and accommodating tube shell 221 and extending vertically, and a probe rod lifting support slider 432 is slidably connected to the probe rod lifting support rail 431, and the probe rod lifting support slider 432 is driven by a servo motor to move along the probe rod lifting support rail 431;

[0071] A grating ruler for detecting the relative position of the probe rod lifting support slider 432 is arranged between the probe rod lifting support slider 432 and the probe rod lifting support slide rail 431. The scale grating of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the probe rod lifting support slide rail 431, and the grating reading head of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the probe rod lifting support slider 432.

[0072] A probe rod clamping support cylinder 433 with an open end is fixed on the probe rod lifting support slider 432, the open end of the probe rod clamping support cylinder 433 faces the axis of the probe rod sub-packaging and accommodating tube shell 221, a probe rod clamping telescopic cylinder 434 is slidably connected in the probe rod clamping support cylinder 433, a probe rod clamping gasket 435 is fixed to the outer end of the probe rod clamping telescopic cylinder 434, and a probe rod clamping driving rod 436 for driving the probe rod clamping telescopic cylinder 434 to move is provided in the probe rod clamping support cylinder 433;

[0073] The probe rod clamping driving rod 436 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod, the outer rod end of the probe rod clamping driving rod 436 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the probe rod clamping support tube 433 , and the inner rod end of the probe rod clamping driving rod 436 is fixedly connected to the probe rod clamping telescopic tube 434 .

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, the hammer accommodating cylinder 32 is connected to the hammer mechanism support plate 31 through the hammer lifting mechanism 34. The hammer lifting mechanism 34 includes a hammer lifting support tube shell 341 fixed at the top edge of the hammer mechanism support plate 31 and extending vertically. A hammer lifting support column 342 is slidably connected in the hammer lifting support tube shell 341. The side wall of the hammer lifting support tube shell 341 is provided with a lifting matching groove 3410 that is connected inside and outside and extends vertically. The hammer accommodating cylinder 32 is fixedly connected to the hammer lifting support column 342 through a lifting connecting plate 3421.

[0075] A grating ruler for detecting the relative position of the hammer lifting support column 342 is arranged between the hammer lifting support column 342 and the inner wall of the hammer lifting support tube shell 341. The scale grating of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the hammer lifting support tube shell 341, and the grating reading head of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the hammer lifting support column 342.

[0076] The hammer lifting support column 342 has a vertically penetrating lifting drive threaded hole 3420, and the lifting drive threaded hole 3420 is threadedly connected to a lifting drive threaded rod 343, and a lifting drive accommodating shell 344 is fixed to the top of the hammer lifting support tube shell 341. The upper end of the lifting drive threaded rod 343 extends into the lifting drive accommodating shell 344, and a lifting drive motor 345 for driving the lifting drive threaded rod 343 to rotate is fixed in the lifting drive accommodating shell 344.

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown, a hammer lifting mechanism 35 is provided on the top of the hammer accommodating cylinder 32, and the hammer lifting mechanism 35 includes a lifting drive accommodating shell 351 fixed on the top of the hammer accommodating cylinder 32, and a hammer lifting winch 352 is fixed in the lifting drive accommodating shell 351. The outer end of the cable 350 of the hammer lifting winch 352 extends into the hammer accommodating cylinder 32, and a hammer lifting column 353 is fixed at one end of the cable 350 extending into the hammer accommodating cylinder 32, and a hammer lifting electromagnet 354 is fixed at the lower end of the hammer lifting column 353.

[0078] A grating ruler for detecting the relative position of the hammer lifting column 353 is arranged between the hammer lifting column 353 and the inner wall of the hammer accommodating tube 32. The scale grating of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the hammer accommodating tube 32, and the grating reading head of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the hammer lifting column 353.

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, a direction constraint rod 321 parallel to the axis of the hammer accommodating cylinder 32 is fixed inside, and a vertically penetrating direction constraint fitting hole 330 is provided on the hammer weight 33, in which the direction constraint rod 321 is slidably fitted.

[0080] Embodiment 2:

[0081] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1 As shown, a stabilizing clamping mechanism 44 is provided at the lower end of the hammer receiving tube 32. Figure 8As shown, the stable clamping mechanism 44 includes a stable clamping support ring 441 connected to the lower end of the hammer accommodating cylinder 32 and arranged coaxially therewith, a stable clamping connecting ring 442 is rotatably connected inside the stable clamping support ring 441, and the stable clamping connecting ring 442 is driven to rotate by a servo motor fixed on the stable clamping support ring 441, and a plurality of stable clamping support cylinders 443 with one end open are fixed on the side wall of the stable clamping connecting ring 442, and the open end of the stable clamping support cylinder 443 faces the axis side of the stable clamping connecting ring 442, a stable clamping sliding cylinder 444 is slidably connected inside the stable clamping support cylinder 443, and a stable clamping matching plate 445 is fixed to the outer end of the stable clamping sliding cylinder 444;

[0082] A grating ruler for detecting the relative position of the stabilizing clamping connecting ring 442 is arranged between the stabilizing clamping connecting ring 442 and the stabilizing clamping supporting ring 441. The scale grating of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the stabilizing clamping supporting ring 441, and the grating reading head of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the stabilizing clamping connecting ring 442.

[0083] A sensor capable of detecting force in the vertical direction is provided between the stable clamping connection ring 442 and the stable clamping support ring 441;

[0084] A stable clamping driving rod 446 is provided in the stable clamping support cylinder 443 for driving the stable clamping sliding cylinder 444 to move. The stable clamping driving rod 446 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer rod end of the stable clamping driving rod 446 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the stable clamping support cylinder 443, and the inner rod end of the stable clamping driving rod 446 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the stable clamping sliding cylinder 444.

[0085] An auxiliary lifting support cylinder 447 with an opening facing downward is fixedly connected to the outside of the hammer accommodating cylinder 32, an auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder 448 with an opening facing upward is slidably connected inside the auxiliary lifting support cylinder 447, an auxiliary lifting driving rod 449 for driving the auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder 448 to move is provided inside the auxiliary lifting support cylinder 447, and a stable clamping support ring 441 is fixedly connected to the lower ends of multiple auxiliary lifting sliding cylinders 448;

[0086] The auxiliary lifting drive rod 449 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod. The outer rod end of the auxiliary lifting drive rod 449 is fixedly connected to the top of the auxiliary lifting support tube 447, and the inner rod end of the auxiliary lifting drive rod 449 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the auxiliary lifting sliding tube 448.

[0087] A grating ruler for detecting the relative position of the auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder 448 is arranged between the auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder 448 and the auxiliary lifting support cylinder 447. The scale grating of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary lifting support cylinder 447, and the grating reading head of the grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder 448.

[0088] It should be noted that the lifting drive motor 345 used in the present application is a servo motor of the prior art, the hammer lifting winch 352 is a wire cable lifting winch of the prior art, and the hammer lifting electromagnet 354 is an electromagnet of the prior art; the probe rod clamping drive rod 436, the stabilizing clamping drive rod 446 and the auxiliary lifting drive rod 449 are all electrically controlled telescopic rods of the prior art, and no special limitation is made here. Technical personnel in this field can choose according to their needs as long as the technical solution of the present application can be realized.

[0089] The whole composed of the load-bearing measuring probe 91 and the load-bearing measuring probe rod 92 is one of the existing cone dynamic probing probe, standard penetration test probe, static probing probe, flat shovel dilatometer probe, cross plate shear test probe and resistivity probe. No special limitation is made here. Technical personnel in this field can choose according to their needs as long as the technical solution of this application can be implemented.

[0090] In the actual application process of the present invention, generally, the survey instrument is used in the form of a vehicle, and the outer side of the main body support ring 11 is fixedly installed with the side or tail of the vehicle through a fixed connecting plate;

[0091] The load-bearing measuring probes 91 fixedly clamped in each probe sub-packaging accommodating hole 212 are numbered in sequence as T1, T2, T3, ..., T n ;

[0092] The bearing measurement probe 91 includes a cone dynamic penetration probe, a standard penetration test probe, a static penetration probe, a flat shovel dilatometer probe, a cross plate shear test probe and a resistivity probe, which are various probes used for measuring soil bearing capacity;

[0093] Each load-bearing measuring probe 92 is numbered in sequence, namely G1, G2, G3, ... G n ;

[0094] The lower end of the load-bearing measuring probe rod 92 can be fixedly connected to the upper end of the load-bearing measuring probe 91 by threaded fixing;

[0095] The bearing measuring probes 92 of various specifications can be combined with the bearing measuring probes 91 of various specifications to measure the bearing capacity of soil under various geological conditions;

[0096] Taking the load-bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1 as an example, first determine the measuring point on the ground, then move the entire survey instrument to the side of the measuring point with the carrier, and make the load-bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1 directly above the measuring point;

[0097] When the probe rod subassembly housing tube shell 221 is set to the position closest to the probe rod subassembly support ring column 220, it is in the "retracted state", and when the probe rod subassembly housing tube shell 221 is set to the position farthest from the probe rod subassembly support ring column 220, it is in the "extended state";

[0098] Each probe rod assembly housing 221 is initially in a "retracted state". When the load-bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1 needs to be assembled with the load-bearing measuring probe rod 92 numbered G1,

[0099] The probe rod subassembly support ring column 220 is driven by a servo motor fixed on the main support column 12 to rotate around the axis of the main support column 12. The grating ruler set between the probe rod subassembly support ring column 220 and the main support column 12 can accurately indicate the relative position of the probe rod subassembly support ring column 220. When the load-bearing measurement probe rod 92 numbered G1 and the load-bearing measurement probe head 91 numbered T1 are in the same radial direction of the main support column 12, the outward-extending adapter mechanism 42 drives the load-bearing measurement probe rod 92 numbered G1 and the load-bearing measurement probe head 91 numbered T1 to be in a coaxial state.

[0100] The inner rod of the outward-extending adapter driving rod 422 extends to drive the outward-extending deflection support rod 421 to rotate around the rotation axis of the first fixed hinge 4211, and the other end of the outward-extending deflection support rod 421 drives the probe rod sub-assembly and accommodating tube shell 221 away from the main support column 12, so that the probe rod sub-assembly and accommodating tube shell 221 reaches the farthest limit position in the "outward-extending state";

[0101] Then, the load-bearing measuring probe rod 92 numbered G1 and the load-bearing measuring probe head 91 numbered T1 are assembled and fixed by using the clamping rotating mechanism 41 and the clamping lifting mechanism 43;

[0102] The probe rod lifting support slider 432 is driven by a servo motor to move along the probe rod lifting support slide rail 431, and the probe rod lifting support slider 432 moves downward with the load-bearing measuring probe rod 92 numbered G1 to approach the load-bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1. When the lower end of the load-bearing measuring probe rod 92 numbered G1 contacts the upper end of the load-bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1, the probe clamping support ring 411 is driven by a servo motor fixed in the probe sub-assembly accommodating hole 212 to rotate around the axis of the probe sub-assembly accommodating hole 212, and the probe clamping support ring 411 drives the load-bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1 to rotate and is threadedly fixedly connected to the lower end of the load-bearing measuring probe rod 92 numbered G1. At this time, the load-bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1 and the load-bearing measuring probe rod 92 numbered G1 form a "T1G1 measuring probe rod as a whole".

[0103] Then the hammer lifting mechanism 34 drives the hammer accommodating cylinder 32 to move downward, so that the stabilizing clamping mechanism 44 firmly constrains the upper end of the load-bearing measuring probe 92 numbered G1;

[0104] The output shaft of the lifting drive motor 345 drives the lifting drive threaded rod 343 to rotate. Under the constraint of the threaded transmission, the lifting drive threaded rod 343 drives the hammer lifting support column 342 to move downward along the axis of the hammer lifting support tube shell 341. The hammer lifting support column 342 drives the hammer accommodating tube 32 to move downward together, so that the upper end of the load-bearing measuring probe rod 92 numbered G1 is located inside the stable clamping connection ring 442.

[0105] The stable clamping driving rod 446 drives the stable clamping sliding cylinder 444 to move along the axis of the stable clamping support cylinder 443, so that each stable clamping sliding cylinder 444 is synchronously close to each other, and each stable clamping matching plate 445 is used to clamp and constrain the upper end of the load-bearing measuring probe 92 numbered G1;

[0106] Then the inner rod of the extended adapter driving rod 422 retracts to drive the extended deflection support rod 421 to rotate around the rotation axis of the first fixed hinge 4211, and the other end of the extended deflection support rod 421 drives the probe rod sub-assembly and accommodating tube shell 221 to approach the main support column 12, so that the probe rod sub-assembly and accommodating tube shell 221 reaches the nearest limit position in the "retracted state";

[0107] Then, the inner rod of the probe clamping driving rod 415 in the clamping rotating mechanism 41 is retracted to drive the probe clamping telescopic cylinder 413 to move along the axis of the probe clamping support cylinder 412, so that each probe clamping telescopic cylinder 413 moves away from each other, thereby making each probe clamping gasket 414 break away from the clamping constraint on the load-bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1;

[0108] The hammer lifting mechanism 34 continues to drive the "T1 G1 measuring probe rod as a whole" to move downward, so that the lower end of the load-bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1 contacts the ground at the measuring point;

[0109] When the lower end of the load-bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1 contacts the ground at the measuring point, the stable clamping driving rod 446 drives the stable clamping sliding cylinder 444 to move along the axis of the stable clamping support cylinder 443, so that each stable clamping sliding cylinder 444 is synchronously moved away from each other, so that each stable clamping matching plate 445 and the upper end of the load-bearing measuring probe 92 numbered G1 are released from the clamping constraint, but each stable clamping matching plate 445 still has a limiting constraint effect on the load-bearing measuring probe 92 numbered G1, so that the load-bearing measuring probe 92 numbered G1 is still in a vertical state;

[0110] Then, the hammer lifting mechanism 35 is used to lift and release the hammer weight 33, and the hammer weight 33 is used to strike the upper end of the bearing measuring probe 92 numbered G1 until the bearing measuring probe 91 numbered T1 reaches a predetermined penetration amount, and the number of strikes of the hammer weight 33 is recorded, thereby calculating the bearing capacity of the soil;

[0111] When the hammer lifting winch 352 tightens the cable 350 to drive the hammer lifting column 353 to rise, the hammer lifting electromagnet 354 is energized, and the hammer lifting column 353 and the hammer weight 33 are fixed to each other by electromagnetic suction. When the hammer weight 33 is lifted to the standard height, the hammer lifting electromagnet 354 is powered off, and the hammer weight 33 falls freely under the action of gravity to knock on the upper end of the load measuring probe 92 numbered G1. The hammer lifting winch 352 releases the cable 350 to drive the hammer lifting column 353 to move downward, and repeatedly lifts and releases the hammer weight 33. Under the continuous knocking action of the hammer weight 33, the load measuring probe 91 numbered T1 is continuously penetrated into the soil;

[0112] During the process of the "T1 G1 measuring probe as a whole" moving downward and penetrating into the soil, the auxiliary lifting drive rod 449 drives the auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder 448 to move downward along the axis of the auxiliary lifting support cylinder 447, and the auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder 448 drives the stable clamping support ring 441 and the stable clamping connecting ring 442 to move downward together, so that each stable clamping matching plate 445 continues to have a limiting and restraining effect on the load-bearing measuring probe 92 numbered G1, so that the load-bearing measuring probe 92 numbered G1 remains in a vertical state, avoiding deflection during the process of the "T1 G1 measuring probe as a whole" moving downward and penetrating into the soil.

[0113] The outside of the load-bearing measuring probe 92 has a scale. During the measurement process, the probe subassembly support ring 211 is relatively fixed. The penetration amount of the load-bearing measuring probe 92 can be known by simply observing the displacement of the load-bearing measuring probe 92 relative to the probe subassembly support ring 211.

Claims

1. A surveying instrument for determining the bearing capacity of soil at a construction site, characterized in that: It comprises a main body support mechanism (10), an exploration and packaging mechanism (20) connected to the main body support mechanism (10), and a driving hammer mechanism (30); The main body support mechanism (10) comprises a main body support ring (11) and a main body support column (12) which are coaxially fixedly connected; The exploration subassembly mechanism (20) comprises a probe subassembly mechanism (21) arranged inside the main body support ring (11) and a probe rod subassembly mechanism (22) connected to the main body support column (12); The probe subassembly mechanism (21) comprises a probe subassembly support ring (211) rotatably connected to the inner side of the main body support ring (11), and the probe subassembly support ring (211) has a plurality of vertically penetrating probe subassembly accommodating holes (212); The probe assembly support ring (211) is driven by a servo motor fixed inside the main body support ring (11) to rotate around the axis of the main body support ring (11); The probe subassembly accommodating hole (212) is fixedly clamped to hold a load-bearing measurement probe (91); The probe rod subassembly mechanism (22) comprises a probe rod subassembly support ring column (220) rotatably connected to the main body support column (12) and coaxial therewith; the outer side of the probe rod subassembly support ring column (220) is connected to a plurality of vertically extending probe rod subassembly accommodating tube shells (221) via an outwardly extending adapter mechanism (42); the inner side of the probe rod subassembly accommodating tube shell (221) is fixedly clamped and holds the measuring probe rod (92) via a clamping and lifting mechanism (43); The driving hammer mechanism (30) comprises a hammer mechanism support plate (31) rotatably connected to the top end of the main body support column (12); a plurality of hammer accommodating cylinders (32) with openings facing downward are connected to the outer side of the hammer mechanism support plate (31); and a hammer weight (33) is slidably connected inside the hammer accommodating cylinder (32).

2. The surveying instrument for determining the bearing capacity of soil in a construction site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load-bearing measuring probe (91) is fixedly clamped in the probe sub-assembly accommodating hole (212) by a clamping rotating mechanism (41), the clamping rotating mechanism (41) comprising a probe clamping support ring (411) rotatably connected in the probe sub-assembly accommodating hole (212), the probe clamping support ring (411) being driven by a servo motor fixed in the probe sub-assembly accommodating hole (212) to rotate around the axis of the probe sub-assembly accommodating hole (212); A plurality of probe clamping support tubes (412) with one end open are fixed on the top of the probe clamping support ring (411), the opening direction of the probe clamping support tube (412) is toward one side of the axis of the probe sub-packaging accommodating hole (212), a probe clamping telescopic tube (413) is slidably connected inside the probe clamping support tube (412), a probe clamping gasket (414) is fixed to the outer end of the probe clamping telescopic tube (413), and a probe clamping driving rod (415) for driving the probe clamping telescopic tube (413) to move is fixed inside the probe clamping support tube (412).

3. The surveying instrument for determining the bearing capacity of soil in a construction site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outward-extending adapting mechanism (42) comprises two outward-extending deflection support rods (421) connected to the outside of the main support column (12) and arranged parallel to each other, one end of the outward-extending deflection support rod (421) is connected to the outside of the main support column (12) via a first fixed hinge (4211), and the other end of the outward-extending deflection support rod (421) is connected to the probe rod subassembly accommodating tube shell (221) via a second fixed hinge (4212); An outwardly extending adaptable driving rod (422) for driving the outwardly extending deflection supporting rod (421) to deflect around the rotation axis of the first fixed hinge (4211) is provided on the outer side of the main body supporting column (12).

4. The surveying instrument for determining the bearing capacity of soil in a construction site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and lifting mechanism (43) comprises a pair of probe rod lifting support slide rails (431) fixed on the inner side of the probe rod subassembly and accommodating tube shell (221) and extending vertically, and a probe rod lifting support slider (432) is slidably connected to the probe rod lifting support slide rails (431), and the probe rod lifting support slider (432) is driven by a servo motor to move along the probe rod lifting support slide rails (431); A probe rod clamping support tube (433) with an open end is fixed on the probe rod lifting support slider (432), the open end of the probe rod clamping support tube (433) faces the axis of the probe rod sub-assembly accommodating tube shell (221), a probe rod clamping telescopic tube (434) is slidably connected inside the probe rod clamping support tube (433), a probe rod clamping gasket (435) is fixed to the outer end of the probe rod clamping telescopic tube (434), and a probe rod clamping driving rod (436) for driving the probe rod clamping telescopic tube (434) to move is provided inside the probe rod clamping support tube (433).

5. The surveying instrument for determining the bearing capacity of soil in a construction site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hammer accommodating cylinder (32) is connected to the hammer mechanism support plate (31) through a hammer lifting mechanism (34), and the hammer lifting mechanism (34) includes a hammer lifting support tube shell (341) fixed at the top edge of the hammer mechanism support plate (31) and extending vertically, and a hammer lifting support column (342) is slidably connected inside the hammer lifting support tube shell (341), and a lifting matching groove (3410) that is connected inside and outside and extends vertically is provided on the side wall of the hammer lifting support tube shell (341), and the hammer accommodating cylinder (32) is fixedly connected to the hammer lifting support column (342) through a lifting connecting plate (3421); The hammer lifting support column (342) has a vertically penetrating lifting drive threaded hole (3420), and the lifting drive threaded hole (3420) is threadedly connected to a lifting drive threaded rod (343). A lifting drive accommodating shell (344) is fixed to the top of the hammer lifting support tube shell (341), and the upper end of the lifting drive threaded rod (343) extends into the lifting drive accommodating shell (344). A lifting drive motor (345) for driving the lifting drive threaded rod (343) to rotate is fixed in the lifting drive accommodating shell (344).

6. The surveying instrument for determining the bearing capacity of soil in a construction site according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hammer lifting mechanism (35) is provided at the top of the hammer accommodating cylinder (32), and the hammer lifting mechanism (35) includes a lifting drive accommodating shell (351) fixed on the top of the hammer accommodating cylinder (32), a hammer lifting winch (352) is fixed in the lifting drive accommodating shell (351), the outer end of the cable (350) of the hammer lifting winch (352) extends into the hammer accommodating cylinder (32), a hammer lifting column (353) is fixed to one end of the cable (350) extending into the hammer accommodating cylinder (32), and a hammer lifting electromagnet (354) is fixed to the lower end of the hammer lifting column (353).

7. The surveying instrument for determining the bearing capacity of soil in a construction site according to claim 1, characterized in that: A direction restraining rod (321) parallel to the axis of the hammer accommodating cylinder (32) is fixed in the hammer accommodating cylinder (32), and a vertically penetrating direction restraining matching hole (330) is provided on the hammer weight (33), and the direction restraining rod (321) is slidably fitted in the direction restraining matching hole (330).

8. The surveying instrument for determining the bearing capacity of soil in a construction site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the hammer accommodating cylinder (32) is provided with a stabilizing clamping mechanism (44), and the stabilizing clamping mechanism (44) comprises a stabilizing clamping support ring (441) connected to the lower end of the hammer accommodating cylinder (32) and arranged coaxially therewith, a stabilizing clamping connecting ring (442) is rotatably connected inside the stabilizing clamping support ring (441), a plurality of stabilizing clamping support cylinders (443) with one end open are fixed on the side wall of the stabilizing clamping connecting ring (442), the open end of the stabilizing clamping support cylinder (443) faces the axis of the stabilizing clamping connecting ring (442), a stabilizing clamping sliding cylinder (444) is slidably connected inside the stabilizing clamping support cylinder (443), and a stabilizing clamping matching plate (445) is fixed to the outer end of the stabilizing clamping sliding cylinder (444); The stable clamping support cylinder (443) is provided with a stable clamping driving rod (446) for driving the stable clamping sliding cylinder (444) to move; An auxiliary lifting support cylinder (447) with an opening facing downward is fixedly connected to the outside of the hammer accommodating cylinder (32), and an auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder (448) with an opening facing upward is slidably connected inside the auxiliary lifting support cylinder (447). An auxiliary lifting driving rod (449) for driving the auxiliary lifting sliding cylinder (448) to move is provided inside the auxiliary lifting support cylinder (447), and the stabilizing clamping support ring (441) is fixedly connected to the lower ends of multiple auxiliary lifting sliding cylinders (448).

Images