Transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device and method, and relates to the technical field of power grid engineering. Comprising a wind load distribution unit, and the wind load distribution unit comprises a load distribution beam and a sliding assembly arranged on the load distribution beam. According to the device, a wind load is equivalent to a concentrated force load by utilizing a lever principle and a basic principle of a hinge-parallelogram system. And the total wind load is distributed into gradient wind load through the wind load distribution device. When the large deformation condition of the small-rigidity transmission tower is considered, the two pulley blocks are used for achieving combination of different load working conditions, wind load mechanical responses of different types of transmission tower structures can be efficiently tested, the device is flexible in design, gradient distribution of wind loads can be achieved only through one traction point, and the test efficiency is improved. The wind load response of the power transmission tower under various working conditions can be simulated. Meanwhile, the device considers the influence of large deformation on the position of a loading point, and provides powerful support for comprehensively evaluating the influence of wind load on the safety of a transmission tower system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power grid engineering, and in particular to a transmission tower equivalent wind load testing device and method. Background Art

[0002] Grid wind load is one of the important factors affecting the stability of transmission towers. Through tests, the structural response of transmission towers under different wind speeds can be evaluated to ensure their safety under extreme weather conditions. Wind load tests can verify the rationality of transmission tower design, covering aspects such as tower shape, material selection, cross-sectional dimensions and connection methods, to ensure that the design meets industry standards and specifications. Using test data, the design of transmission towers can be optimized to improve their wind resistance, reduce material usage, reduce costs, and improve structural efficiency.

[0003] In reality, wind loads are not evenly distributed, but change with increasing height. By applying different loads along the height direction for multi-point loading, this trend of change can be better simulated, making the loading results closer to the actual effect of wind loads on transmission towers. When a large number of loading points are required, the current counterweight method has problems such as nonlinear load application, difficulty in real-time calculation of the total load, and the need for a large amount of manpower, while single actuator loading faces the problem of excessively high test costs. In addition, for transmission tower structures with low stiffness, such as portal towers, due to their low stiffness and large loading deformation, there is a problem of changes in the stress state caused by the offset of the loading point. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned existing transmission tower equivalent wind load testing device, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a transmission tower equivalent wind load testing device, the purpose of which is to: for transmission tower structures with low stiffness such as portal towers, due to their own low stiffness and large loading deformation, there is a problem of loading point offset leading to changes in the stress state.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device, comprising a wind load distribution unit, comprising a load distribution beam, a sliding assembly arranged on the load distribution beam, and a load distribution point arranged on the load distribution beam; an equivalent wind load loading unit, comprising a transmission tower and a base, a large-rigidity loading pulley block and a small-rigidity loading pulley block arranged on the base, and the load distribution point cooperates with the transmission tower through the large-rigidity loading pulley block, the small-rigidity loading pulley block.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device described in the present invention, the sliding assembly includes a trapezoidal plate arranged at the upper end of the load distribution beam and a slider arranged outside the trapezoidal plate; the slider is slidably connected to the outside of the trapezoidal plate.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device described in the present invention, it comprises: a stepper motor arranged at the upper part of the trapezoidal plate near one end, and a screw rod arranged at the output end of the stepper motor; and the slider is threadedly connected to the outside of the screw rod.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device described in the present invention, the load distribution point includes two groups of circular holes, the circular holes are opened at the front and rear parts of the load distribution beam near the lower end, and the traction ropes are arranged in the circular holes.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device of the present invention, the base includes a supporting seat and a rotating seat, and a pulley 1 arranged on the rotating seat.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device described in the present invention, the high-rigidity loading pulley group includes two groups of large steel beams, the lower ends of the two groups of large steel beams are rotatably connected to the two sides of the support seat through a rotating shaft, two groups of high-rigidity jacks are arranged on the rotating seat, and the output ends of the two groups of high-rigidity jacks are both rotatably connected to the middle section of the outer side of the two groups of large steel beams through a rotating shaft.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device described in the present invention, the small stiffness loading pulley group includes two groups of small rigid beams, and the upper and lower ends of the two groups of large rigid beams and the two groups of small rigid beams are movably connected by connecting rods.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device described in the present invention, a small stiffness loading jack is rotatably arranged between the two groups of small steel beams near the upper end, and the output end of the small stiffness loading jack is rotatably arranged between the two groups of large steel beams near the upper end.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device described in the present invention, several groups of pulleys 2 are evenly distributed between the two groups of small steel beams and the two groups of large steel beams, and the traction rope on the load distribution point is connected to the transmission tower through pulley 1 and pulley 2 in sequence.

[0015] Beneficial effects of this device: By using the lever principle and the basic principle of the hinge-parallelogram system, the wind load is equivalent to a concentrated force load. The total wind load is distributed as a gradient wind load through the wind load distribution device. When considering the large deformation of a small stiffness transmission tower, two sets of pulleys are used to achieve the combination of different load conditions, which can efficiently test the wind load mechanical response of different types of transmission tower structures.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a transmission tower equivalent wind load test method, the purpose of which is to simplify the operation process.

[0017] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: stabilize the base and install the pulley block and jack, connect the traction rope to the wind load distribution device and the transmission tower model;

[0018] By changing the distance between L1 and L2 through the stepping motor amplitude changing mechanism, the load distribution can be realized, and the multi-stage series connection method can realize the multi-stage distribution of the total load;

[0019] The pulley block and jack are adjusted according to the stiffness of the tower model to adapt to different loading requirements, and effective wind load loading is performed on transmission towers with different stiffness.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The device is flexible in design. Only one traction point is needed to achieve the gradient distribution of wind load, and the wind load response of the transmission tower under various working conditions can be simulated. At the same time, the device takes into account the influence of large deformation on the position of the loading point, providing strong support for the comprehensive evaluation of the influence of wind load on the safety of the transmission tower system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transmission tower equivalent wind load test device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of wind load distribution in the transmission tower equivalent wind load testing device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of equivalent wind load loading in the transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4It is a structural plan view of the direct equivalent wind load loading in the transmission tower equivalent wind load loading test device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a wind load distribution device of a transmission tower equivalent wind load test device.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a series diagram of a multi-stage wind load distribution device of the transmission tower equivalent wind load testing device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a loading diagram of a high-rigidity transmission tower of the transmission tower equivalent wind load test device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is the loading diagram of the small stiffness transmission tower of the transmission tower equivalent wind load test device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments, either individually or selectively.

[0033] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0034] Example 1, reference Figure 1 - Figure 4 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a transmission tower equivalent wind load test device, including: the load distribution beam 101 is the basic structure of the entire load distribution system

[0035] A trapezoidal plate 102a is provided at the upper end of the load distribution beam 101. The trapezoidal plate 102a is an isosceles trapezoid that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. A slider 102b is matched with the trapezoidal plate 102a. The slider 102b is slidably connected to the outside of the trapezoidal plate 102a. The stepper motor 102c is used to accurately control the rotation of the screw rod 102d, and the screw rod 102d is used to drive the slider 102b to move. Through the precise control of the stepper motor 102c, the position of the slider 102b can be accurately adjusted, thereby accurately controlling the load distribution.

[0036] Furthermore, the load distribution point 103 is a fixed point of the traction cable 103b, which is set at both sides of the slider 102b and the lower end of the load distribution beam 101. Through multi-level distribution, multiple wind load distribution units 100 are set. By applying different loads on the load distribution point 103, the distribution of wind loads at different heights of the tower can be simulated. This helps to study how wind loads affect the overall stability and local stress distribution of the tower.

[0037] Furthermore, the transmission tower 201 is a transmission pole tower model for loading. The base 202 of the equivalent wind load loading unit 200 is fixed relative to the transmission pole tower to play a role of stable support. A pulley 202c is installed on the rotating seat 202b at the tail of the base 202. The distributed load is applied to the pole tower model through the traction rope 103b. The large rigid beam 203a and the large rigidity jack 203b together constitute the loading system of the large rigidity pole tower model, which is used to load the large rigidity transmission pole tower model. The small rigid beam 204a and the small rigidity loading jack 204c together constitute the loading system of the small rigidity pole tower model, which plays a loading role for the small rigidity transmission pole tower model. The large and small rigidity loading pulley groups 204 are connected by connecting rods 204b to ensure that they can work together under loading conditions of different rigidities.

[0038] Furthermore, by adjusting the length of the large rigidity jack 203b, the inclination of the large rigidity beam 203a can be changed to meet different loading requirements, and the large rigidity loading pulley block 203 is connected to the small rigidity loading pulley block 204 through the connecting rod 204b. By adjusting the inclination of the small rigidity loading jack 204c, different loading requirements can also be met.

[0039] Pulley 1 202c is installed on the rotating seat 202b, and pulley 2 204d is evenly distributed between the large steel beam 203a and the small steel beam 204a. Pulley 1 202c and pulley 2 204d are used to change the path of the traction cable 103b to ensure that the traction cable 103b can correctly transfer the load from the load distribution point 103 to the transmission tower 201.

[0040] The device uses the lever principle and the basic principle of the hinge-parallelogram system to convert wind load into concentrated force load. The total wind load is distributed into gradient wind load through the wind load distribution device. When considering the large deformation of low-rigidity transmission towers, two sets of pulleys are used to achieve the combination of different load conditions, which can efficiently test the wind load mechanical response of different types of transmission tower structures.

[0041] Example 2, reference Figure 5 - Figure 6 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it includes a wind load distribution unit 100, and the wind load distribution unit 100 is based on the principle of lever. The principle of lever refers to the phenomenon that a rigid rod rotates around a fixed point (fulcrum) under the action of force. In the wind load distribution device, the principle of lever is used to achieve uniform distribution of wind load.

[0042] Furthermore, the load distribution changes the component forces (F1 and F2) applied to the transmission tower by adjusting the distance between the two lever arms (L1 and L2). This adjustment is achieved by the stepping motor 102c variable amplitude mechanism, which can rotate a specific angle according to a pre-calculated value, thereby driving the total load application slider 102b to perform relative movement.

[0043] The stepper motor 102c is fixed on the load distribution beam 101, and by rotating a specific angle, the screw rod 102d drives the total load application slider 102b to move relative to the load distribution point 103, so that the position of the total load application slider 102b relative to the load distribution point 103 will change, thereby achieving the distribution of wind load.

[0044] Furthermore, through a multi-stage series connection, multi-stage distribution of the total load can be achieved. Multiple wind load distribution units 100 are connected in series, and each unit has its own total load application slider 102b and sub-load distribution point 103. The two-component load distribution point 103 of the first level is connected to the slider 102b of the second level through a traction rope 103b. Each wind load distribution unit 100 can independently adjust the position of the total load application slider 102b through the stepping motor 102c amplitude adjustment mechanism, which means that each unit can apply sub-loads of different sizes as needed.

[0045] The stepper motor 102c can rotate a specific angle according to a pre-calculated value, and accurately drive the total load application slider 102b to move to a desired position through the screw rod 102d, thereby ensuring that the load on each load distribution point 103 is accurate and controllable.

[0046] Since wind load usually increases with the height of the transmission tower, the load is transferred to the total load application slider 102b of the next unit through the load distribution point 103 of each unit, and this reciprocation can simulate this gradient change. Each unit can simulate wind loads at different heights, thereby achieving uniform distribution of wind loads over the entire tower height.

[0047] The remaining structures are the same as those of Example 1.

[0048] Example 3, reference Figure 7 - Figure 8 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention, and which is different from the second embodiment in that it includes an equivalent wind load loading unit 200, the principle of which is based on a hinge-parallelogram system. In order to meet the loading conditions approximating the natural wind load, such as Figure 7 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of a component with greater rigidity under wind load. It can be seen that the greater the rigidity of the transmission tower, the smaller the angular displacement. In this case, it is only necessary to adjust the large rigidity jack 203b so that the large rigidity loading pulley block 203 produces an angular displacement similar to that of the transmission tower, so as to meet the requirement that the wind load is always perpendicular to the axis direction of the transmission tower.

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown, when the stiffness of the transmission tower is small, the lateral displacement is large, and it is difficult to approach the angular displacement of the transmission tower by only relying on the large stiffness loading pulley block 203, resulting in a change in the position of the loading force. At this time, it is necessary to rely on the small stiffness loading pulley block 204 to balance the angular displacement. Through this design of the equivalent wind load loading device, effective wind load loading can be performed on transmission towers with different stiffness, providing a reliable test method for studying the wind resistance performance of the transmission tower 201.

[0050] Furthermore, the transmission tower 201 is a transmission pole tower model for loading. The base 202 of the equivalent wind load loading device is fixed relative to the transmission pole tower to play a role of stable support. A steering pulley is installed at the tail of the base 202, and the distributed load is applied to the pole tower model through the traction rope 103b. The large-rigidity loading pulley block 203 and the large-rigidity jack 203b together constitute the loading system of the large-rigidity pole tower model, which is used to load the large-rigidity transmission pole tower model. The small-rigidity loading pulley block 204 and the small-rigidity loading jack 204c together constitute the loading system of the small-rigidity pole tower model, which plays a loading role for the small-rigidity transmission pole tower model. The large and small-rigidity loading pulley blocks 204 are connected by a connecting rod 204b to ensure that they can work together under loading conditions of different stiffness.

[0051] The base 202 is directly connected to the steering pulley high-rigidity loading pulley block 203 and the high-rigidity jack 203b. By adjusting the length of the high-rigidity jack 203b, the inclination of the high-rigidity loading pulley block 20310 can be changed to meet different loading requirements. For details, please refer to Figure 7 .

[0052] The large rigidity loading pulley block 203 and the large rigidity jack 203b are connected with the small rigidity loading pulley block 204 and the small rigidity loading jack 204c through the connecting rod 204b. By adjusting the inclination degree of the small rigidity loading jack 204c, different loading needs can also be achieved.

[0053] The device uses the lever principle and the basic principle of the hinge-parallelogram system to convert wind load into concentrated force load. The total wind load is distributed into gradient wind load through the wind load distribution device. When considering the large deformation of low-rigidity transmission towers, two sets of pulleys are used to achieve the combination of different load conditions, which can effectively test the wind load mechanical response of different types of transmission tower structures.

[0054] The remaining structure is the same as that of Example 2.

[0055] Example 4, reference Figure 1 - Figure 8 , which is the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that: a transmission tower equivalent wind load test method is provided, comprising:

[0056] Stabilize the base 202 and install the pulley block and jack, and connect the traction rope 103b to the wind load distribution device and the transmission tower model;

[0057] By changing the distance between L1 and L2 through the stepping motor 102c amplitude changing mechanism, the load distribution can be realized, and the multi-stage series connection method can realize the multi-stage distribution of the total load;

[0058] The pulley block and jack are adjusted according to the stiffness of the tower model to adapt to different loading requirements, and effective wind load loading is performed on transmission towers with different stiffness.

[0059] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other replacements, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to several modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0060] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0061] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transmission tower equivalent wind load test device, characterized in that: include, A wind load distribution unit (100) comprises a load distribution beam (101), a sliding assembly (102) arranged on the load distribution beam (101), and a load distribution point (103) arranged on the load distribution beam (101); The equivalent wind load loading unit (200) comprises a transmission tower (201) and a base (202), a large-rigidity loading pulley block (203) and a small-rigidity loading pulley block (204) arranged on the base (202), and the load distribution point (103) cooperates with the transmission tower (201) through the large-rigidity loading pulley block (203), the small-rigidity loading pulley block (204) and the transmission tower (201).

2. The transmission tower equivalent wind load test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sliding assembly (102) comprises a trapezoidal plate (102a) arranged at the upper end of the load distribution beam (101) and a sliding block (102b) arranged outside the trapezoidal plate (102a); The slider (102b) is slidably connected to the outside of the trapezoidal plate (102a).

3. The transmission tower equivalent wind load test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A stepping motor (102c) disposed on the upper portion of the trapezoidal plate (102a) near one end, and a lead screw (102d) disposed on the output end of the stepping motor (102c); The slider (102b) is threadedly connected to the outside of the screw rod (102d).

4. The transmission tower equivalent wind load test device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The load distribution point (103) comprises two groups of circular holes (103a), the circular holes (103a) are opened at the front and rear parts of the load distribution beam (101) near the lower end, and the traction rope (103b) is arranged in the circular holes (103a).

5. The transmission tower equivalent wind load test device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The base (202) comprises a supporting seat (202a), a rotating seat (202b), and a pulley (202c) arranged on the rotating seat (202b).

6. The transmission tower equivalent wind load test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-rigidity loading pulley block (203) comprises two groups of large rigid beams (203a), the lower ends of the two groups of large rigid beams (203a) are rotatably connected to the two sides of the support seat (202a) via a rotating shaft, two groups of high-rigidity jacks (203b) are arranged on the rotating seat (202b), and the output ends of the two groups of high-rigidity jacks (203b) are both rotatably connected to the middle section of the outer side of the two groups of large rigid beams (203a) via a rotating shaft.

7. The transmission tower equivalent wind load test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The small rigidity loading pulley block (204) comprises two groups of small rigid beams (204a), and the upper and lower ends of the two groups of large rigid beams (203a) and the two groups of small rigid beams (204a) are movably connected via connecting rods (204b).

8. The transmission tower equivalent wind load test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A small rigidity loading jack (204c) is rotatably arranged between the two groups of small rigid beams (204a) near the upper end, and an output end of the small rigidity loading jack (204c) is rotatably arranged between the two groups of large rigid beams (203a) near the upper end.

9. The transmission tower equivalent wind load test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of pulley 2 (204d) are evenly distributed between the two groups of small steel beams (204a) and the two groups of large steel beams (203a), and the traction rope (103b) on the load distribution point (103) is connected to the transmission tower (201) through pulley 1 (202c) and pulley 2 (204d) in sequence.

10. A transmission tower equivalent wind load test method, characterized in that: include, The base (202) is stabilized and the pulley block and jack are installed, and the traction rope (103b) is connected to the wind load distribution device and the transmission tower model; By changing the distance between L1 and L2 through the amplitude changing mechanism of the stepping motor (102c), the load distribution can be realized, and the multi-stage distribution of the total load can be realized in a multi-stage series connection manner; The pulley block and jack are adjusted according to the stiffness of the tower model to adapt to different loading requirements, and effective wind load loading is performed on transmission towers with different stiffness.

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