Urban green land high-carbon-sequestration plant combined planting method

Abstract

The invention provides a combined planting method for high-carbon-sequestration plants in urban green land. The combined planting method comprises the following steps: S1, determining natural conditions of a planting area; s2, selecting plant species and combinations; s3, digging planting pits and improving soil; s4, planting plants; according to the planting method, all links in planting are considered comprehensively, tree spacing is analyzed, calculated and planned by counting crown breadths of arbor and shrub suitable for growing in a planting field, space is utilized reasonably, sufficient sunlight is guaranteed, and an environment beneficial to tree growth is created; and theoretical support is provided for combined planting of urban carbon sequestration plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of carbon fixation planting technology, and in particular to a method for planting a combination of high carbon fixation plants in urban green spaces. Background Art

[0002] High-carbon-fixing plants refer to plant species that can efficiently absorb carbon dioxide and fix carbon. These plants play an important role in the carbon peak and carbon neutrality strategies because they can absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, thereby helping to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and combat climate change.

[0003] Long-term carbon fixation can only be achieved when plants grow to form stable plant groups. However, traditional green space construction pursues rapid landscape formation, ignores the ecological niche characteristics of plants, fails to fully utilize the role of different plants in the ecosystem, reduces plant photosynthetic carbon fixation, and makes it difficult to maintain a stable plant community. Therefore, a combination planting method of high carbon fixation plants in urban green spaces is proposed to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, it is urgently necessary to invent a planting method that fully utilizes the space and ensures the later plant growth environment requirements. The present application provides a method for planting a combination of high carbon fixation plants in urban green spaces.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for planting a combination of high carbon fixation plants in urban green space, characterized by comprising:

[0007] S1. Determine the natural conditions of the planting area;

[0008] S2, select plant species and combinations;

[0009] S3, excavation of planting pits and soil improvement;

[0010] S4. Plant cultivation;

[0011] S5. Plant management.

[0012] The step S2 of selecting plant species and combinations includes:

[0013] S21. Survey and statistics: Survey and statistics on local dominant plants with strong carbon fixation capacity;

[0014] S22. Pre-planting planning: Plan and construct a multi-layered plant combination, with trees planted on the upper layer, shrubs planted in the middle layer, and herbaceous plants planted on the lower layer;

[0015] S23. Data collection: collect the crown width corresponding to the local tree species and growth years;

[0016] Construct a data set V = {k tree species, i planting years, W crown width};

[0017] S24, analysis and calculation: calculating the average crown width of the corresponding tree species;

[0018] Average canopy width of native plants

[0019] Where Dk represents the average crown width of k tree species;

[0020] Wkin represents the statistical crown width of the nth tree species K planted in year i;

[0021] S25. Determine the spacing between planted trees:

[0022] The spacing between trees in the upper layer is Su ≥ 1.75Dk;

[0023] The spacing between mid-layer shrubs is Sm ≥ 1.2Dk;

[0024] The lower layer herbaceous plants Sd≥Dk.

[0025] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the step S1 of determining the natural conditions of the planting area in the above urban green space high carbon fixation plant combination planting method includes:

[0026] S11: Collect geographical and climatic information of the planting area: collect the latitude and longitude, altitude, and annual precipitation of the planting area;

[0027] S12: Detect the soil environment of the planting area: detect the soil Ph value, mineral content in the soil, and soil water content;

[0028] S13: Measure the size and area of ​​the planting area: measure the length, width and area information of the planting area.

[0029] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the step S3 of excavating the planting area and improving the soil in the above urban green space high carbon fixation plant combination planting method includes:

[0030] S31, excavation of tree planting pits: excavate upper tree planting pits according to the calculated upper tree spacing, excavate middle shrub planting pits according to the middle shrub spacing, and excavate herbaceous plant planting pits according to the lower herbaceous plant spacing, the upper tree planting pits are arranged in rows, the middle shrub planting pits are arranged in rows and are one or more rows corresponding to or parallel to the upper tree planting pits, and the herbaceous plant planting pits are evenly distributed around the tree planting pits and shrub planting pits;

[0031] S32, soil improvement: improving the soil according to the Ph test value and mineral content of the soil test;

[0032] S33. Soil disinfection: Use solar disinfection or biological disinfection to disinfect the soil.

[0033] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the step S4 of planting plants in the above urban green space high carbon fixation plant combination planting method includes:

[0034] S41. Planting time: choose spring planting;

[0035] S42. Planting method: trees and shrubs are planted with soil balls, the ratio of the soil ball diameter to the tree diameter is 6:1-8:1, and herbaceous plants are planted in cup seedlings.

[0036] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the plant management in step S5 of the above urban green space high carbon fixation plant combination planting method includes:

[0037] S51. Reasonable irrigation and fertilization: Choose reasonable irrigation methods and water volume control to maintain suitable soil moisture for plant growth, and select topdressing according to the production conditions of the planted plants;

[0038] S52. Regular pruning and cleaning: Regularly prune dead branches, diseased branches and overcrowded branches to improve the ventilation and light conditions of the plants, reduce the environment for the breeding of pests and diseases, and promptly clean up fallen leaves, residual flowers and weeds in the vegetation area;

[0039] S53, pest control; regularly spraying vegetation with pesticides, combining prevention and control;

[0040] S54. Replanting: Replant the seedlings that have not survived in a timely manner.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] 1. The method for planting a combination of high carbon-fixing plants in urban green spaces described in the present invention is comprehensive and takes into account all aspects of planting. By statistically analyzing and calculating the crown widths of trees and shrubs suitable for growth in the planting site, the tree spacing is planned, and tree species with high carbon-fixing ability are selected for landscape spatial level configuration, the ecological niche advantages are fully utilized to achieve the best solution for plant growth.

[0043] 2. The present invention provides planting methods for different plants and later plant management methods, which provide guarantees for the survival rate and growth conditions of plants. Plant combinations that survive and grow quickly can quickly play a role in carbon fixation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the combined planting after growth according to an embodiment of the present invention (herbaceous plants are not shown);

[0045] Figure 2 This is a top view of the combined planting after growth according to an embodiment of the present invention (herbaceous plants are not shown);

[0046] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0047] Attached Figures: 1. Planting area; 2. Camphor tree; 3. Oil tea; 4. Canal.

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Example

[0049] A site in Xuancheng, Anhui Province was selected as the planting site. Xuancheng is located in the transition zone between the southern Anhui mountainous area and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River plain. The climate is subtropical monsoon climate, with distinct four seasons, abundant rainfall and sufficient sunlight. A 100mX100m area was selected as the test site. Soil sampling was first carried out. The soil in the area is red soil with a pH value of 5.1, acidic, heavy and sticky, relatively poor air permeability and water permeability, and rich in iron and aluminum oxides.

[0050] The most commonly planted trees in the local area include camphor trees, ginkgo trees, etc., and the shrubs include oil tea and small-leaved boxwood, etc.; since camphor trees are evergreen plants, ginkgo trees are deciduous plants, and camphor trees are a tree species that adapts to acidic soil, camphor trees are selected as the upper tree species in this embodiment; oil tea is an acid-loving tree species that is suitable for planting in red soil, and oil tea is selected as the lower tree species in this embodiment; pansy is selected as the bottom herb in this embodiment.

[0051] Eight sampling points were randomly selected in Xuancheng area to collect the age and crown width of camphor trees about 15 years old, tea oil trees about 10 years old, and the crown width of pansy about 1 year old, as shown in Table 1.

[0052]

[0053] Table 1

[0054] Calculate the average crown width of camphor trees

[0055]

[0056] Calculate the average canopy width of Camellia oleifera

[0057]

[0058] Calculate the average crown width of pansy

[0059]

[0060] Calculate the minimum planting distance between camphor trees = 1.75*Dcamphortree = 10.3m, take 10.5m;

[0061] Calculate the minimum planting distance between oil-tea trees = 1.2*D oil-tea = 3.48m, take 3.5m;

[0062] Calculate the minimum planting distance between pansies = 1*D pansy = 0.11m, take 0.15m; the planting distance of camphor trees is 1.75 times the crown width, this distance can ensure the growth space of camphor trees, and also reduce the impact of camphor trees on the sunlight conditions of camellia and pansy after growth, which is beneficial to the photosynthesis of the plant combination; the planting distance of camellia is 1.2 times the crown width, which makes full use of the space in the planting area and reduces the impact of camellia oil on the sunlight conditions of pansy after growth; the planting distance of pansy is 1 times the crown width, which maximizes the use of planting space to enhance the carbon fixation effect of the plant combination, and is also beneficial to the care and maintenance of the combined plants in the later stage.

[0063] The soil in the planting area is excavated. First, camphor tree planting pits are excavated in rows. The camphor tree planting pits are excavated at a spacing greater than or equal to the calculated spacing, with a pit depth of 60 cm. Then, oil tea tree planting pits are excavated around the camphor tree planting pits, with a pit depth of 35 cm. The oil tea tree pits correspond to one or more rows of camphor tree pits, and in this embodiment, there are 3 rows. Then, 10 cm deep pits are dug in the empty area for planting pansies, and canals are excavated between the two rows of camphor trees.

[0064] After the tree planting pit is completed, it is dried for 10 days and disinfected with solar energy. Organic fertilizers containing organic elements such as potassium and nitrogen, such as compost, manure, and green manure, are applied to improve soil fertility.

[0065] Camphor, camellia oil and pansy are planted in spring. Camphor and camellia oil seedlings are planted with soil balls. The diameter of the soil ball is 6:1-8:1 of the seedling diameter. Camphor and camellia oil seedlings are 2-year-old seedlings, and pansy seedlings are planted in cup seedlings. After planting, irrigate in time to ensure that the soil moisture is suitable for seedling growth. Check in time and replant dead seedlings in time.

[0066] Among them, pansy can enter the vigorous growth period at 3 months and enter the adult stage at 6 months, and can play a role in carbon fixation. After two years, it will gradually age and need to be replanted. At this time, the tea oil tree enters the juvenile stage, the tree height can reach 1mm, the crown width can reach 1.5mm, and the carbon fixation effect begins to appear. The camphor tree can reach 2.5mm in height and 2mm in crown width at this time, and can also play a role in carbon fixation. As time goes by, the tea oil and camphor trees continue to grow, their tree height and crown width continue to increase, and the carbon fixation effect becomes more and more obvious.

[0067] During the growth of camphor trees, camellia oil trees, and pansies, we timely irrigate the plant combinations, fertilize, spray pesticides, and clean up diseased branches according to weather conditions to ensure the normal growth of the plants. Every spring, we prune the bottom branches of camphor trees and the top branches of camellia oil trees to ensure the growth space and sunshine duration of camellia oil trees, which can play a better role in carbon fixation.

[0068] Starting from the summer of the second year after planting, leaves of camphor, camellia and pansy were collected from the middle of the area every two years, and the carbon fixation effect was tested using biometry. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0069] Carbon content of camphor tree leaves % Carbon content of tea oil tea % Carbon content of pansy leaves % Year 2 39.7％ 40.2％ 44.4％ Year 4 42.1％ 43.6％ 42.6％ Year 6 45.4％ 46.4％ 40.3％ Year 8 48.2％ 50.1％ 37.2％ Year 10 49.8％ 52.5％ 35.6％

[0070] Table 2

[0071] As shown in Table 2, the carbon fixation effect of camphor and tea oil trees is also improving with the increase of tree age. This is because as the tree age increases, the tree crown continues to expand, the number of leaves increases, and the leaf area index (total area of ​​plant leaves per unit land area) also increases. More leaves mean a larger photosynthesis area, which can absorb and fix more carbon dioxide. Just like a small solar collector becomes a large solar collection array, more light energy can be captured for photosynthesis per unit time, thereby improving the carbon fixation effect. As the tree age increases, the physiological structure and photosynthetic pigments of the leaves will change, so that the photosynthetic efficiency is improved. The leaves of young trees are relatively thin, the number of chloroplasts is relatively small, and the content of photosynthetic pigments is also low. As the tree age increases, the leaves become thicker, the structure of the chloroplasts is more perfect, the content of photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll increases, and the activity of photosynthesis-related enzymes (such as Rubisco enzymes) increases. These changes enable trees to use light energy and carbon dioxide more effectively for photosynthesis, thereby improving carbon fixation efficiency. The carbon content of pansies decreases because pansies need to be replanted every two years. When the camphor trees and tea oil trees were first measured, their crowns were the smallest, so the pansies had sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis. As time went on, the crowns of the camphor trees and tea oil trees increased, and the sunshine time of the pansies in the lower layers decreased, affecting photosynthesis and deteriorating the carbon fixation effect. Therefore, the pansies can be replaced with lawns after the tea oil and camphor trees grow.

[0072] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes made using the specification of the present invention are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting a combination of high carbon fixation plants in urban green spaces, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Determine the natural conditions of the planting area; S2, select plant species and combinations; S3, excavation of planting pits and soil improvement; S4. Plant cultivation; S5. Plant management; The step S2 of selecting plant species and combinations includes: S21. Survey and statistics: Survey and statistics on local dominant plants with strong carbon fixation capacity; S22. Pre-planting planning: Plan and construct a multi-layered plant combination, with trees planted on the upper layer, shrubs planted on the middle layer, and herbaceous plants planted on the lower layer; S23. Data collection: collect the crown width corresponding to the local tree species and growth years; Construct a data set V = {k tree species, i planting years, W crown width}; S24, analysis and calculation: calculating the average crown width of the corresponding tree species; Average canopy width of native plants Where Dk represents the average crown width of k tree species; Wkin represents the statistical crown width of the nth tree species K planted in year i; S25. Determine the spacing between planted trees: The spacing between trees in the upper layer is Su ≥ 1.75Dk; The spacing between mid-layer shrubs is Sm ≥ 1.2Dk; The lower layer herbaceous plants Sd≥Dk.

2. The method for planting high carbon fixation plants in urban green space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 of determining the natural conditions of the planting area includes: S11: Collect geographical and climatic information of the planting area: collect the latitude and longitude, altitude, and annual precipitation of the planting area; S12: Detect the soil environment of the planting area: detect the soil Ph value, mineral content in the soil, and soil water content; S13: Measure the size and area of ​​the planting area: measure the length, width and area information of the planting area.

3. The method for planting high carbon fixation plants in urban green space according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S3 of excavating the planting area and improving the soil includes: S31, excavation of tree planting pits: excavate upper tree planting pits according to the calculated upper tree spacing, excavate middle shrub planting pits according to the middle shrub spacing, and excavate herbaceous plant planting pits according to the lower herbaceous plant spacing, the upper tree planting pits are arranged in rows, the middle shrub planting pits are arranged in rows and are one or more rows corresponding to or parallel to the upper tree planting pits, and the herbaceous plant planting pits are evenly distributed around the tree planting pits and shrub planting pits; S32, soil improvement: improving the soil according to the Ph test value and mineral content of the soil test; S33. Soil disinfection: Use solar disinfection or biological disinfection to disinfect the soil.

4. The method for planting high carbon fixation plants in urban green space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 of planting plants comprises: S41. Planting time: choose spring planting; S42. Planting method: trees and shrubs are planted with soil balls, the ratio of the soil ball diameter to the tree diameter is 6:1-8:1, and herbaceous plants are planted in cup seedlings.

5. The method for planting high carbon fixation plants in urban green space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S5 vegetation management comprises: S51. Reasonable irrigation and fertilization: Choose reasonable irrigation methods and water volume control to maintain suitable soil moisture for plant growth, and select topdressing according to the production conditions of the planted plants; S52. Regular pruning and cleaning: Regularly prune dead branches, diseased branches and overcrowded branches to improve the ventilation and light conditions of the plants, reduce the environment for the breeding of pests and diseases, and promptly clean up fallen leaves, residual flowers and weeds in the vegetation area; S53, pest control; regularly spraying vegetation with pesticides, combining prevention and control; S54. Replanting: Replant the seedlings that have not survived in a timely manner.

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