Eddy current polar plate electric dust remover provided with pre-charging device and working method of eddy current polar plate electric dust remover

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification, and particularly relates to an eddy current polar plate electric precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device and a working method thereof.The electric precipitator comprises an air inlet pipe, a shell and an air outlet pipe and further comprises the pre-charging device, an eddy current type dust collection polar plate and an ultrasonic coagulation layer, and the eddy current type dust collection polar plate is arranged in a dust collection chamber of the shell. The pre-charging device is close to the air inlet pipe, a first flow equalizing plate layer is arranged at the front end of the pre-charging device, a second flow equalizing plate layer is arranged at the rear end of the pre-charging device, and the pre-charging device comprises a plurality of sets of hanging mechanisms, cathode wires, vibrators and a pre-charging support. The plurality of vortex type dust collection polar plates are arranged in a staggered manner in the airflow direction, the discharge electrodes are arranged in front of and on the side surfaces of the vortex type dust collection polar plates, and a detachable filter screen is arranged between the ultrasonic coagulation layer and the air outlet pipe. Pre-charged dust enters the vortex polar plate dust collection area through the flow equalizing plate and is subjected to ultrasonic coagulation, the dust collection efficiency is greatly improved, and ultra-clean emission can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification, and in particular relates to an eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Electrostatic precipitator is a highly efficient gas purification equipment, which is widely used in industrial production process to remove particulate matter (such as dust, smoke or fly ash) in flue gas. It uses electric field force to separate particulate matter from gas and collect it on dust collecting plate or other collection device to achieve the purpose of purifying gas.

[0003] There is fine dust in the dust of coal-fired flue gas, and its particle size is usually less than 2.5 microns, and its mass is extremely light, with high suspension stability in the airflow. The surface area of ​​fine dust is relatively small relative to its volume, and the probability of collision with charged ions is reduced, the charging efficiency is low, and the cohesion ability between particles is weak, making it difficult to form larger aggregates. High concentrations of fine dust are prone to cause corona occlusion effects, further reducing the capture efficiency. Dust particles are not firmly attached to the dust collecting electrode, and are prone to secondary dust generation during the cleaning process. These difficulties make fine dust difficult to capture and easily discharged with the flue gas.

[0004] Traditional electrostatic precipitators are not ideal for capturing fine dust. Although the capture efficiency has been improved by increasing the electric field strength, increasing the electric field space of the dust removal equipment, configuring a charged coagulation electric field, and optimizing the plate design, the equipment is large, with high investment costs and high operating costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the traditional electrostatic precipitator has an unsatisfactory effect on the capture of fine dust with a particle size of less than 2.5 microns, and the construction and maintenance costs of the electrostatic precipitator are relatively high. The present invention provides an eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device and a working method thereof, which adopts a pre-charging device configured in the shell of the electrostatic precipitator, combined with an eddy current pole matching form, to achieve efficient capture of fine dust without additionally increasing the electric field space of the dust removal equipment.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device, comprising an air inlet pipe, a shell, and an air outlet pipe. The shell is a square box structure, and the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively arranged at both ends of the shell.

[0007] The invention also includes a pre-charging device, an eddy current dust collecting electrode plate, and an ultrasonic condensation layer. The eddy current dust collecting electrode plate is arranged in the dust collecting chamber of the shell.

[0008] The pre-charging device is close to the air inlet pipe, and is provided with a first flow balancing plate layer at the front end and a second flow balancing plate layer at the rear end. The first flow balancing plate layer and the second flow balancing plate layer include a plurality of flow balancing plates arranged in parallel. The pre-charging device includes a plurality of hanging mechanisms, cathode wires, rappers, and pre-charging brackets. The plurality of hanging mechanisms, cathode wires, and rappers are installed on the pre-charging brackets fixed to the inner wall of the shell. The upper and lower ends of the cathode wires are fixed in the hanging mechanisms, and the rappers are provided on the hanging mechanisms. The cathode wires are separately provided with a power supply.

[0009] There are multiple eddy current dust collecting plates, which are arranged in a staggered manner in the direction of the airflow, and the discharge electrodes are arranged in front of and on the sides of the eddy current dust collecting plates; the eddy current dust collecting plates are V-shaped, and arc-shaped return air grooves are arranged at the ends of both sides.

[0010] The ultrasonic condensation layer is arranged at the rear end of the dust collecting chamber, close to the air outlet pipe, a detachable filter screen is arranged between the ultrasonic condensation layer and the air outlet pipe, and an ultrasonic generator is arranged on the ultrasonic condensation layer.

[0011] According to another embodiment of the present invention or an electrostatic precipitator of any of the aforementioned embodiments, two or more ash hoppers are arranged at the lower part of the dust collecting chamber, and the ash hoppers are conical structures that are larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and baffles are arranged inside the ash hoppers.

[0012] According to another embodiment of the present invention or an electrostatic precipitator of any of the aforementioned embodiments, the upper and lower ends of the first current balancing plate layer, the pre-charging device, and the second current balancing plate layer can be connected to the steel plate inside the shell by screws, and the second current balancing plate layer is provided with a rapper.

[0013] According to another embodiment of the present invention or the electrostatic precipitator of any of the aforementioned embodiments, the cathode wire and the discharge electrode of the pre-charging device are barbed wires.

[0014] According to the electrostatic precipitator of yet another embodiment of the present invention or any of the aforementioned embodiments, the angle between the baffle and the horizontal plane is 60° to 80°.

[0015] According to an electrostatic precipitator of another embodiment of the present invention or any of the aforementioned embodiments, the eddy current type dust collecting electrode plate adopts an outer caliper shaped dust collecting electrode plate, and the angle between the two steel plates is 100° to 130°.

[0016] According to another embodiment of the present invention or an electrostatic precipitator of any of the aforementioned embodiments, the material of the flow equalizing plate, the pre-charge bracket, the eddy current type dust collecting electrode plate, and the barb wire is stainless steel.

[0017] According to another embodiment of the present invention or an electrostatic precipitator of any of the aforementioned embodiments, there are more than six rows of vortex type dust collecting electrode plates, with two or three in each row, which are evenly arranged along the airflow direction.

[0018] Accordingly, a method for operating an eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device is disclosed, comprising the following steps:

[0019] The first step is to pre-charge the dust.

[0020] The dust-laden gas enters the housing from the left side and first charges the dust particles through the pre-charging device;

[0021] The second step is to guide the current equalizing plate.

[0022] The pre-charged dust particles enter the dust collecting area of ​​the eddy current plate through the flow balancing plate;

[0023] The third step is the vortex flow field effect.

[0024] The eddy current dust collecting plates are arranged in a staggered manner. The narrow discharge gap and the discharge electrodes arranged in front of and on the sides of the plates increase the kinetic energy of the particles and reduce ion recombination and annihilation. The vortex flow field forms a static pressure difference, prolongs the residence time of fine dust, increases the probability of dust charging, collision and agglomeration, and causes fine particles to aggregate into larger particles.

[0025] The fourth step is dust deposition.

[0026] Under the action of centrifugal force and electrostatic force, dust particles are quickly adsorbed onto the anode plate and deposited. Most of the deposited dust falls into the ash hopper due to gravity. The arc return air groove at the end of the plate prevents the dust from flying again.

[0027] The fifth step is ultrasonic coagulation.

[0028] At the end of the electrostatic precipitator, the ultrasonic generator generates sound waves, which aggregate fine dust particles into large particles through the acoustic streaming effect and vibration. The dust is concentrated at the sound wave nodes, further improving the collision and aggregation efficiency of the particles.

[0029] Step 6: Final filtration.

[0030] Cooperate with the filter to carry out the final filtration of residual fine dust to achieve ultra-clean emission effect.

[0031] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0032] 1. The eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a precharging device and the working method thereof described in the present invention is that the dust-containing gas enters the electrostatic shell and is first precharged. The precharged dust enters the eddy current plate dust collecting area through the flow equalizing plate, the charging, collision and agglomeration probability of the dust is increased, the dust-containing fine particles are more likely to aggregate into large-sized particles, and can be quickly adsorbed onto the dust collecting plate, thereby greatly improving the dust collecting efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0033] 2. The present invention adopts an external caliper-shaped dust collecting plate. Due to the static pressure difference acting on the back of the dust collecting plate to form a vortex flow field, the residence time of fine dust is prolonged and the probability of dust collision and condensation is increased. Under the action of centrifugal force and electrostatic force, dust particles are more likely to fall off from the dust-laden airflow and deposit on the wall of the plate; the vortex-type dust collecting plates are staggered in the direction of the airflow, forming a narrow discharge gap on the side of two adjacent dust collecting plates, which can increase the kinetic energy of the particles, reduce the ion recombination annihilation rate, and improve the dust charging effect, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency;

[0034] 3. The present invention provides an ultrasonic coagulation layer at the end of the electrostatic precipitator. Under the action of ultrasonic waves, fine dust particles are subjected to radiation pressure and gradually gather at the sound wave nodes. This process significantly increases the particle concentration in the local area, which helps the collision and aggregation between particles, thereby forming larger aggregates, which are finally filtered through the filter screen to achieve ultra-clean emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A side view schematic diagram of an eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic top view of an eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the pre-charging device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of the eddy current dust collecting electrode plate of the present invention on fine dust;

[0039] In the figure: 1. air inlet duct; 2. shell; 3. first flow balancing plate layer; 4. second flow balancing plate layer; 5. pre-charging device; 6. discharge electrode; 7. eddy current dust collecting electrode plate; 8. ash hopper; 9. baffle; 10. air outlet duct; 11. hanging mechanism; 12. cathode wire; 13. pre-charging bracket; 14. vibrator; 15. return air groove; 16. ultrasonic coagulation layer; 17. ultrasonic generator; 18. filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, an eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device includes an air inlet pipe, a shell, and an air outlet pipe. The shell is a square box structure. The air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively arranged at both ends of the shell. It also includes a pre-charging device, an eddy current dust collecting plate, and an ultrasonic condensation layer. The eddy current dust collecting plate is arranged in the dust collecting chamber of the shell. More than two ash hoppers are arranged at the lower part of the dust collecting chamber. The ash hopper is a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part. A baffle is arranged in the ash hopper. The angle between the baffle and the horizontal plane is 60° to 80°.

[0042] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the pre-charging device is close to the air inlet pipe, and a first current balancing plate layer is arranged at the front end, and a second current balancing plate layer is arranged at the rear end. The first current balancing plate layer and the second current balancing plate layer include multiple current balancing plates arranged in parallel. The pre-charging device includes multiple sets of hanging mechanisms, cathode wires, vibrators, and pre-charging brackets. Multiple sets of hanging mechanisms, cathode wires, and vibrators are installed on the pre-charging bracket fixed to the inner wall of the shell. The upper and lower ends of the cathode wires are fixed in the hanging mechanism, and the vibrator is arranged on the hanging mechanism. The cathode wires are separately equipped with a power supply. The upper and lower ends of the first current balancing plate layer, the pre-charging device, and the second current balancing plate layer can be connected to the steel plate inside the shell by screws, and the second current balancing plate layer is provided with a vibrator. The cathode wire and the discharge electrode of the pre-charging device are made of barb wire, and the material of the current balancing plate, the pre-charging bracket, the eddy current dust collecting plate, and the barb wire are made of stainless steel.

[0043] like Figure 2 , 4 As shown, there are multiple vortex dust collecting plates, which are arranged in a staggered manner facing the airflow direction, and the discharge electrodes are arranged in front of and on the sides of the vortex dust collecting plates; the vortex dust collecting plates are V-shaped, and arc-shaped return air grooves are set at the ends of both sides. Preferably, there are more than six rows of vortex dust collecting plates, two or three in each row, and they are evenly arranged along the airflow direction. The vortex dust collecting plates adopt an external caliper-shaped dust collecting plate, and the angle between the two steel plates is 100° to 130°.

[0044] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the ultrasonic condensation layer is arranged at the rear end of the dust collecting chamber, close to the air outlet pipe, a detachable filter is arranged between the ultrasonic condensation layer and the air outlet pipe, and an ultrasonic generator is arranged in the ultrasonic condensation layer.

[0045] Accordingly, a method for operating an eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device is disclosed, comprising the following steps:

[0046] The first step is to pre-charge the dust.

[0047] The dust-laden gas enters the housing from the left side and first charges the dust particles through the pre-charging device;

[0048] The second step is to guide the current equalizing plate.

[0049] The pre-charged dust particles enter the dust collecting area of ​​the eddy current plate through the flow balancing plate;

[0050] The third step is the vortex flow field effect.

[0051] The eddy current dust collecting plates are arranged in a staggered manner. The narrow discharge gap and the discharge electrodes arranged in front of and on the sides of the plates increase the kinetic energy of the particles and reduce ion recombination and annihilation. The vortex flow field forms a static pressure difference, prolongs the residence time of fine dust, increases the probability of dust charging, collision and agglomeration, and causes fine particles to aggregate into larger particles.

[0052] The fourth step is dust deposition.

[0053] Under the action of centrifugal force and electrostatic force, dust particles are quickly adsorbed onto the anode plate and deposited. Most of the deposited dust falls into the ash hopper due to gravity. The arc return air groove at the end of the plate prevents the dust from flying again.

[0054] The fifth step is ultrasonic coagulation.

[0055] At the end of the electrostatic precipitator, the ultrasonic generator generates sound waves, which aggregate fine dust particles into large particles through the acoustic streaming effect and vibration. The dust is concentrated at the sound wave nodes, further improving the collision and aggregation efficiency of the particles.

[0056] Step 6: Final filtration.

[0057] Cooperate with the filter to carry out the final filtration of residual fine dust to achieve ultra-clean emission effect.

[0058] Working principle of the present invention:

[0059] When the dust-laden gas enters the shell from the left, the dust is first pre-charged under the action of the pre-charging device. The pre-charged dust particles pass through the flow equalizing plate and enter the eddy current plate dust collecting area. Under the action of the vortex flow field, the charging, collision and agglomeration probability of the dust increases, and the fine particles gather into large-sized particles and are quickly adsorbed onto the anode plate to achieve efficient dust removal.

[0060] The eddy current dust collecting plate adopts an external caliper-shaped dust collecting plate, and the angle between the two steel plates is 100°~130°. Due to the static pressure difference, a vortex flow field is formed on the back of the dust collecting plate, which prolongs the residence time of fine dust and increases the probability of collision and coagulation. Under the action of centrifugal force and electrostatic force, dust particles are more likely to fall off from the dust-laden airflow and deposit on the wall of the plate. The arc-shaped return air groove at the end of the plate can effectively prevent the dust from flying again. The eddy current dust collecting plates are staggered in the direction of the airflow, forming a narrow discharge gap on the sides of the two adjacent dust collecting plates. The discharge electrodes are arranged in front of and on the sides of the eddy current dust collecting plates, which can increase the kinetic energy of the particles, reduce the ion recombination annihilation rate, and improve the dust removal efficiency.

[0061] The ultrasonic coagulation layer aggregates fine particles into larger particles through the physical action of sound waves, which is convenient for subsequent capture and removal. During the propagation process, sound waves generate directional flows related to changes in sound pressure, which is called the acoustic streaming effect. This flow pushes dust particles to the nodes or anti-nodes of the pressure wave, thereby increasing the chances of particle collision and coagulation. Under the action of ultrasonic waves, fine dust particles are subjected to radiation pressure and gradually gather at the sound wave nodes. This process significantly increases the particle concentration in the local area, which is conducive to collision and aggregation between particles. Ultrasonic waves cause particles to vibrate at high frequencies. Under the combined action of vibration and sound wave flow field, more collisions occur between particles, thereby forming larger aggregates. Ultrasonic wave propagation also forms a temperature gradient and changes in the local viscosity of the gas, further promoting the adhesion and coagulation of dust particles. The present invention uses an ultrasonic generator at the end of the electrostatic precipitator to generate an ultrasonic coagulation layer, and cooperates with a filter screen to finally filter out fine dust, so as to achieve an ultra-clean emission effect. The ultrasonic coagulation layer relies only on physical action, does not require the introduction of chemical reagents, and is environmentally friendly and pollution-free. Compared with other coagulation technologies, ultrasonic waves require less energy.

[0062] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above implementation is only to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it, and it cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device, comprising an air inlet pipe, a shell, and an air outlet pipe, wherein the shell is a square box structure, and the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively arranged at both ends of the shell. Features: The invention also includes a pre-charging device, an eddy current dust collecting electrode plate, and an ultrasonic condensation layer. The eddy current dust collecting electrode plate is arranged in the dust collecting chamber of the shell. The pre-charging device is close to the air inlet pipe, and is provided with a first flow balancing plate layer at the front end and a second flow balancing plate layer at the rear end. The first flow balancing plate layer and the second flow balancing plate layer include a plurality of flow balancing plates arranged in parallel. The pre-charging device includes a plurality of hanging mechanisms, cathode wires, rappers, and pre-charging brackets. The plurality of hanging mechanisms, cathode wires, and rappers are installed on the pre-charging brackets fixed to the inner wall of the shell. The upper and lower ends of the cathode wires are fixed in the hanging mechanisms, and the rappers are provided on the hanging mechanisms. The cathode wires are separately provided with a power supply. There are multiple eddy current dust collecting plates, which are arranged in a staggered manner in the direction of the airflow, and the discharge electrodes are arranged in front of and on the sides of the eddy current dust collecting plates; the eddy current dust collecting plates are V-shaped, and arc-shaped return air grooves are arranged at the ends of both sides. The ultrasonic condensation layer is arranged at the rear end of the dust collecting chamber, close to the air outlet pipe, a detachable filter screen is arranged between the ultrasonic condensation layer and the air outlet pipe, and an ultrasonic generator is arranged on the ultrasonic condensation layer.

2. The eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: More than two ash hoppers are arranged at the lower part of the dust collecting chamber. The ash hoppers are of a conical structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. A baffle is arranged inside the ash hopper.

3. The eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the first current balancing plate layer, the pre-charge device and the second current balancing plate layer can be connected to the steel plate inside the shell by screws, and the second current balancing plate layer is provided with a vibrator.

4. The eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode wire and the discharge electrode of the pre-charging device are barbed wires.

5. The eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the baffle and the horizontal plane is 60° to 80°.

6. The eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The eddy current dust collecting electrode plate adopts an outer caliper shaped dust collecting electrode plate, and the angle between the two steel plates is 100° to 130°.

7. The eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the flow balancing plate, the pre-charge bracket, the eddy current dust collecting electrode plate and the barb wire is stainless steel.

8. The eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex type dust collecting plates are arranged in more than six rows, with two or three in each row, and are evenly arranged along the airflow direction.

9. A method for operating an eddy current plate electrostatic precipitator equipped with a pre-charging device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Dust pre-charge, The dust-laden gas enters the housing from the left side and first charges the dust particles through the pre-charging device; S2. Current balancing plate guide, The pre-charged dust particles enter the dust collecting area of ​​the eddy current plate through the flow balancing plate; S3. Vortex flow field effect, The eddy current dust collecting plates are arranged in a staggered manner. The narrow discharge gap and the discharge electrodes arranged in front of and on the sides of the plates increase the kinetic energy of the particles and reduce ion recombination and annihilation. The vortex flow field forms a static pressure difference, prolongs the residence time of fine dust, increases the probability of dust charging, collision and agglomeration, and causes fine particles to aggregate into larger particles. S4. Dust deposition, Under the action of centrifugal force and electrostatic force, dust particles are quickly adsorbed onto the anode plate and deposited. Most of the deposited dust falls into the ash hopper due to gravity. The arc return air groove at the end of the plate prevents the dust from flying again. S5. Ultrasonic coagulation, At the end of the electrostatic precipitator, the ultrasonic generator generates sound waves, which aggregate fine dust particles into large particles through the acoustic streaming effect and vibration. The dust is concentrated at the sound wave nodes, further improving the collision and aggregation efficiency of the particles. S6. Final filtration, Cooperate with the filter to carry out final filtration of residual fine dust and achieve ultra-clean emissions.

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