Microbial soil conditioner for planting Chinese chives, use method and Chinese chive planting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial soil conditioner for fragrant-flowered garlic planting, a use method and a fragrant-flowered garlic planting method, and belongs to the technical field of fragrant-flowered garlic planting moth prevention. The microbial soil conditioner for Chinese chive planting comprises carbohydrates, and 50-60 parts by weight of yeast zinc, 30-50 parts by weight of yeast iron, 2-5 parts by weight of oligosaccharin and 3-5 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis are added into every 200 parts by weight of carbohydrates. The microbial soil conditioner for planting the Chinese chives can promote healthy growth of the Chinese chives and improve natural moth resistance of the Chinese chives.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of leek planting borer prevention, and in particular to a leek planting microbial soil conditioner and a use method thereof, and a leek planting method. Background Art

[0002] Soil conditioners, also known as soil improvers, are different from chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Soil conditioners do not provide plant nutrients themselves, but are added to the soil to improve the physical or chemical properties of the soil and its biological activity. Because of their low cost and ease of use, soil conditioners have been widely used in the field of promoting crop planting.

[0003] Leek borers, usually referring to the larvae of the leek fungus gnat, also known as leek maggots, are one of the main pests of leek. They harm the underground pseudostems and rhizomes of leek in the soil, causing the above-ground parts of leek to wither and even die. At present, there is still a lack of effective soil conditioners in the field of leek planting to prevent borers.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN117617043A discloses a method for controlling leek maggots by combining insect pathogenic nematodes with water and fertilizer technology. The insect pathogenic nematodes can actively search for host leek maggots and enter their bodies from their anus, pores, intersegmental membranes, etc., and then release symbiotic bacteria to kill the host leek maggots. This effectively controls the number of leek maggots and reduces their harm to leeks. Chinese invention patent CN114271168A discloses a leek matrix cultivation method, which specifically includes digging planting beds in a greenhouse, soaking leek roots in a fungicide, planting leeks in the matrix, cultivating leek roots, and irrigating with water and nutrient solution. The above two patents control leek borers by biological or chemical means, do not belong to soil conditioners, and their use scenarios are subject to relatively large restrictions, high cost, inconvenient use, and are not conducive to agricultural promotion.

[0005] Chinese invention patent CN103642719B discloses a microbial composite agent and its application in regulating soil pH, which improves the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increases the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer, and improves soil permeability by increasing the content of microorganisms in the soil. Although the above patent belongs to soil conditioners, it is not aimed at the field of preventing borers in leek planting, and cannot effectively solve the important problem of borer prevention in the current leek planting process.

[0006] At present, there is still a lack of effective soil conditioners in the field of preventing borers in leek cultivation. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a microbial soil conditioner for leek planting, which helps to improve the absorption and utilization of trace elements by leek, improve the natural resistance of leek to borers, achieve the purpose of preventing borers in leek planting, and promote the healthy growth of leek.

[0008] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a microbial soil conditioner for growing leeks.

[0009] A third object of the present invention is to provide a method for planting leeks.

[0010] One of the purposes of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0011] The leek planting microbial soil conditioner comprises a carbohydrate substance. According to parts by weight, 50-60 parts of yeast zinc, 30-50 parts of yeast iron, 2-5 parts of oligosaccharides and 3-5 parts of Bacillus subtilis are added to every 200 parts of the carbohydrate substance.

[0012] Furthermore, according to grams, 50-60 grams of yeast zinc, 30-50 grams of yeast iron, 2-5 grams of oligosaccharides and 3-5 grams of Bacillus subtilis are added to every 200 grams of the carbohydrate material.

[0013] Furthermore, the carbohydrate substance also contains animal amino acids and plant amino acids, and the weight ratio of the animal amino acids to the plant amino acids is 1:1.

[0014] Furthermore, the carbohydrate substance is algae powder.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes 60-80 parts of soil water-absorbing material, which is carbon slag, perlite or a mixture of the two.

[0016] The second object of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0017] A method for using a leek planting microbial soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Select sandy loam or clay loam and level it to make ridges;

[0019] S2. Spread the decomposed farmyard manure evenly on the soil surface, dissolve the leek planting microbial soil conditioner in water and spray it on the soil surface, plow and level the land, and leave it fallow for 3-4 weeks.

[0020] Furthermore, the decomposed farmyard manure includes one or more mixtures of organic fertilizer, soybean meal, palm meal and animal manure.

[0021] The third object of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0022] A method for planting leek comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. Planting of leeks: Plant in holes on flat beds, tamp down the soil and water after planting;

[0024] S2. Spray or water the leek planting microbial soil conditioner at 500 grams per mu per crop.

[0025] Furthermore, after step S1 and before step S2, the following steps are also included:

[0026] Mix alkaline wood ash and tea oil meal in a weight ratio of 1:1 evenly and spread on the soil surface.

[0027] Furthermore, after step S2, the following steps are also included:

[0028] The plant cleaner is sprayed once every 2 weeks; wherein the plant cleaner comprises plant essential oil, plant glycoside and plant active ketone.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The leek planting microbial soil conditioner and use method, and leek planting method provided by the present invention, yeast zinc, yeast iron, oligosaccharide, Bacillus subtilis, animal amino acid, and plant amino acid have the effect of preventing and controlling leek borers. Trace elements zinc and iron are added in the form of yeast zinc and yeast iron, which have better chemical stability and biological stability, have the characteristics of fast absorption speed and not easy to saturate, help to improve the absorption and utilization of trace elements by leek, improve the effect of leek preventing and controlling borers, and significantly promote the healthy growth of leek. The carbohydrate material selects algae powder, which is a polysaccharide substance and can maintain soil moisture. At the same time, carbon slag and perlite are also added as soil water-absorbing substances, which can more effectively prevent and control leek borers. In the field of leek planting borer prevention, the present invention provides an effective soil conditioner, a use method, and a leek planting method, which can effectively prevent and control leek borers, promote the healthy growth of leek, and ensure the food safety of leek. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The leek planting microbial soil conditioner provided in this embodiment is calculated by adding 50g of yeast zinc, 50g of yeast iron, 3g of oligosaccharide, and 5g of Bacillus subtilis to every 200g of sucrose, wherein g represents gram, which is a weight unit.

[0034] Yeast zinc, yeast iron, oligosaccharides, Bacillus subtilis, animal amino acids, and plant amino acids have the following effects on preventing and controlling leek borers:

[0035] Bacillus subtilis: This is a bacterium with potential for biocontrol that can produce antimicrobial substances that inhibit the growth of pests including leek borers.

[0036] Yeast zinc and yeast iron: These two substances are mainly used as trace element supplements, which have a certain effect on improving plant resistance and promoting healthy plant growth. Although they are not directly used as pesticides, they can indirectly reduce the damage of leek borers by improving the health of crops.

[0037] Oligosaccharides: Oligosaccharides usually refer to oligosaccharides. In agriculture, oligosaccharides can indirectly inhibit pests such as leek maggots by enhancing the natural defense mechanism of plants.

[0038] Animal amino acids and plant amino acids: Amino acids are the basic units of protein and are essential for plant growth and development. They are involved in many biochemical reactions in plants and can indirectly improve the resistance of leeks to leek maggots by promoting healthy plant growth.

[0039] This embodiment also provides a method for using a microbial soil conditioner for growing chives, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1. Select sandy loam or clay loam, level it and make ridges with a width of 1.2-1.5m and a length of 7-10m;

[0041] S2. Spread the decomposed farmyard manure evenly on the soil surface. The decomposed farmyard manure includes organic fertilizer, soybean meal, palm meal and animal feces. Animal amino acid and plant amino acid are evenly mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1. Then, the leek planting microbial soil conditioner is dissolved in water and sprayed on the soil surface. The soil is plowed and leveled, and the land is leveled and left fallow for 3-4 weeks.

[0042] This embodiment also provides a method for growing chives, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1. Planting of leek: Plant in holes on flat beds, with row spacing of 15-20 cm and hole spacing of 12-15 cm, 6-8 plants per hole; tamp down the leek after planting and water it;

[0044] Mix alkaline plant ash and tea oil meal in a weight ratio of 1:1 evenly and spread on the soil surface;

[0045] S2, spraying or watering the leek planting microbial soil conditioner provided in this embodiment, applying 500 grams per mu per crop;

[0046] Spray plant cleaners. Spray plant cleaners do not contain any chemical pesticide ingredients. They mainly contain plant essential oils, plant glycosides, plant active ketones and other ingredients. After the leeks are planted, spray them once every 2 weeks, 20 to 25 ml each time, and 20 to 30 kg of water.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] The leek planting microbial soil conditioner provided in this embodiment is calculated by adding 55 g of yeast zinc, 40 g of yeast iron, 2 g of oligosaccharides, and 3 g of Bacillus subtilis to every 200 g of brown sugar.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The leek planting microbial soil conditioner provided in this embodiment is calculated by adding 60 g of yeast zinc, 30 g of yeast iron, 5 g of oligosaccharides, and 4 g of Bacillus subtilis to every 200 g of caramel.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, the leek planting microbial soil conditioner provided in this embodiment is calculated by adding 50 g of yeast zinc, 50 g of yeast iron, 3 g of oligosaccharides and 5 g of Bacillus subtilis to every 200 g of algae powder.

[0053] Algae powder is a polysaccharide substance. It is a granular material made from algae rich in alginate and uronic acid. When applied to the soil, it can improve its water retention and air permeability, which is beneficial to the formation of soil granular structure and promote the growth of leeks.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, the microbial soil conditioner for leek planting provided in this embodiment is calculated by adding 50 g of yeast zinc, 50 g of yeast iron, 3 g of oligosaccharides, 5 g of Bacillus subtilis, 60 g of charcoal residue and 20 g of perlite to every 200 g of algae powder.

[0056] Carbon slag and perlite are organic substances and materials with good air permeability. They can improve soil permeability and water absorption, and help increase soil moisture.

[0057] Example 6

[0058] Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, the microbial soil conditioner for leek planting provided in this embodiment is calculated by adding 50 g of yeast zinc, 50 g of yeast iron, 3 g of oligosaccharides, 5 g of Bacillus subtilis, 20 g of charcoal residue and 60 g of perlite to every 200 g of algae powder.

[0059] Example 7

[0060] Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, the leek planting microbial soil conditioner provided in this embodiment is calculated by adding 50 g of yeast zinc, 50 g of yeast iron, 3 g of oligosaccharides, 5 g of Bacillus subtilis, 20 g of carbon residue and 40 g of perlite to every 200 g of algae powder.

[0061] Example 8

[0062] Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, the microbial soil conditioner for leek planting provided in this embodiment is calculated by adding 50 g of yeast zinc, 50 g of yeast iron, 3 g of oligosaccharides, 5 g of Bacillus subtilis and 80 g of carbon residue to every 200 g of algae powder.

[0063] Example 9

[0064] Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, the leek planting microbial soil conditioner provided in this embodiment is calculated by adding 50 g of yeast zinc, 50 g of yeast iron, 3 g of oligosaccharides, 5 g of Bacillus subtilis, and 80 g of perlite to every 200 g of algae powder.

[0065] Comparative Example

[0066] The leek planting microbial soil conditioner provided in this comparative example is prepared by adding 50 g of zinc sulfate, 50 g of iron sulfate, 3 g of oligosaccharide and 5 g of Bacillus subtilis to every 200 g of sucrose.

[0067] This comparative example also provides a method for using a leek planting microbial soil conditioner and a leek planting method. The specific steps can be referred to the steps in the previous embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0068] Experimental example

[0069] Experiment location and time: Select a piece of leek planting land with similar soil conditions and more susceptible to leek borers, and ensure that the environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity) are relatively stable during the experiment. The experiment should be carried out during the leek growing season to observe the activities and effects of leek maggots.

[0070] Experimental block layout: The leek planting farmland was divided into 7 blocks of equal area for the convenience of management and observation. The 7 blocks corresponded to Example 1-5 groups, the comparative group and the blank control group, respectively.

[0071] Experimental materials: The leek planting microbial soil conditioners in Examples 1-5 and the comparative example were prepared as leek borer control agents, and leeks were planted in respective blocks, and no control agent was used in the blocks of the blank control group.

[0072] Data collection: After 90 days of planting, the leeks in the Example 1-5 group, the comparative example group and the blank control group entered the period of vigorous growth. The growth status of the leeks in each block was recorded, including the average plant height and the average fresh weight of each plant. The number of live leek maggots was recorded in detail to evaluate the control effect. The number of damaged leek plants (the number of leek plants damaged by borers) was counted.

[0073] Data calculation: Calculate the control efficiency of leek borers, that is, the rate of good seedlings. Among them, leeks that are not harmed by borers are considered good seedlings.

[0074] Leek borer control efficiency (%) = (total number of leek plants - number of damaged plants) / total number of leek plants × 100

[0075] Result analysis:

[0076] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] As can be seen from Table 1, the average plant height, average fresh weight per plant, and control efficiency of leek borers in the Example 1-5 groups are all higher than those in the comparative example group and the blank control group, indicating that the leek planting microbial soil conditioner provided by the Example 1-5 groups enhances the natural defense mechanism of leek against leek borers, and has a good control effect on borers. The trace elements iron and zinc are absorbed by leek in the form of yeast iron and yeast zinc, and the absorption and utilization degree is high, which significantly promotes the healthy growth of leek. Algae powder is added to the Example 4 group, which is a polysaccharide substance and can maintain soil moisture. The control efficiency of leek borers is higher than that of the Example 1-3 group. Since the Example 5 group also adds soil water-absorbing substances carbon slag and perlite, the control efficiency of leek borers is higher than that of the Example 4 group.

[0081] Root activity measurement

[0082] Experimental method: TTC method

[0083] Principle: Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) is a redox pigment with a standard oxidation potential of 80mV. It dissolves in water to form a colorless solution, but after reduction, it generates red and water-insoluble triphenylformylhydrazone (TTF). The reduction of TTC caused by dehydrogenase in plant roots can be enhanced by adding succinic acid, fumaric acid, and malic acid, and inhibited by malonic acid and iodoacetic acid. Therefore, the amount of TTC reduction can represent the activity of dehydrogenase and serve as an indicator of root vitality.

[0084] Experimental method steps:

[0085] 1. Color development: In the Example 1-3 groups, the comparative example group, and the blank control group, leek roots with substantially the same length and thickness were selected, cut off, weighed, and placed in a beaker. 0.4% TTC solution and 0.1 mol·L -1 5 mL of pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution and 10 mL of the mixed solution were mixed thoroughly and the root apex was completely immersed in the above solution. The beaker was placed in a 37°C incubator for 1 hour to allow the root apex to develop color (red).

[0086] 2. Determination: When the insulation time is up, add 1 mol·L -1 H2SO4 solution is used to terminate the reaction. Take out the root segment, use filter paper to absorb the external water, put it in a mortar, and grind it with ethyl acetate (without adding quartz sand). Pour the extracted red TTF carefully into a graduated test tube, and rinse the residue with ethyl acetate 2 to 3 times until the washing liquid is no longer red. Combine all the washing liquids in a test tube, and finally make up the volume with ethyl acetate; after shaking well, use ethyl acetate as a control, compare the color and record the OD value.

[0087] 3. Drawing of standard curve: Draw the standard curve according to the absorbance value of TTF standard solution, and then calculate the TTF content or TTC reduction amount of the sample to be tested.

[0088] 4. Calculation of root activity: The root (dehydrogenase) activity calculation formula is: root activity (mgTTF·g -1 ·h -1 )=(cm2) / (wt2), where c is the TTF content of the sample extract obtained according to the standard curve (mg), m is the dilution factor of the extract, w is the weight of the plant root (g), and t is the color development reaction time of the sample (h).

[0089] 5. Measurement results

[0090] The results of root activity measurement are shown in Table 2.

[0091] Table 2

[0092] project c(mg) m(multiple) w(g) t(h) <![CDATA[Root activity (mg TTF·g -1 ·h -1 )]]> Example 1 Group 49.51 3 0.52 1 285.63 Example 2 Group 46.06 3 0.50 1 276.36 Example 3 Group 42.04 3 0.45 1 280.27 Comparative group 39.43 3 0.49 1 241.41 Blank control group 39.19 3 0.51 1 230.53

[0093] The large value of the root activity of leek indicates that the root system of leek has strong physiological activity and high vitality. Leeks with high root activity can more effectively absorb nutrients and water from the soil, thereby promoting the growth and development of the plant. As can be seen from Table 2, the root activity of the Example 1-3 groups is higher than that of the comparative example group and the blank control group, indicating that the leek planting microbial soil conditioner provided by the Example 1-3 groups promotes the growth of the leek root system, making the leek root system more active and promoting the healthy growth of the leek.

[0094] Soil moisture measurement

[0095] After the leeks of Example 1-5, the comparative group, and the blank control group were planted, a resistive sensor was used to measure the soil moisture. The soil moisture was first measured on the 0th day, and then the soil moisture was measured every 15 days. After measuring the soil moisture, water was continuously added to the areas where the leeks of Example 1-5, the comparative group, and the blank control group were planted to make the humidity close to 100%. The soil moisture was measured for the last time 90 days after planting. The measurement results are shown in Table 3.

[0096] Measuring principle: Resistive sensors have 2 probes that are inserted into the soil. Current is sent to the first probe and received by the other. The sensor then measures the resistance of the soil by measuring the drop in current at the second probe. Water is a good conductor of electricity, so the higher the moisture content of the soil, the lower the resistance.

[0097] Table 3

[0098] project 0 days (%) 15 days (%) 30 days (%) 45 days (%) 60 days (%) 75 days (%) 90 days (%) Example 1 Group 98.2±0.2 58.3±0.1 58.1±0.3 60.2±0.1 59.5±0.7 60.2±0.5 62.2±0.5 Example 2 Group 97.6±0.1 59.7±0.5 59.2±0.3 61.4±0.3 60.4±0.6 59.9±0.7 61.3±0.5 Example 3 Group 99.0±0.3 61.3±0.7 59.6±0.7 62.5±0.4 62.7±0.3 63.3±0.1 63.2±0.3 Example 4 Group 96.6±0.1 86.2±0.5 85.1±0.2 86.8±0.3 83.1±0.5 86.3±0.6 87.2±0.6 Example 5 Group 95.3±0.2 91.6±0.3 90.7±0.5 90.3±0.5 89.2±0.7 90.5±0.3 92.5±0.5 Comparative group 96.8±0.5 58.2±0.2 57.8±0.5 58.9±0.3 57.2±0.5 57.9±0.5 58.3±0.3 Blank control group 95.9±0.4 57.9±0.5 57.6±0.7 58.4±0.1 55.8±0.6 56.2±0.5 57.4±0.5

[0099] Leek is suitable for growing in moist soil, and the soil moisture is preferably 80%-95%. Although leek borers like moist soil, if the soil moisture is too high (over 70%), it is difficult for leek borers to survive. As can be seen from Table 3, the soil moisture of the soil of Example 1-3 groups, the comparative group and the blank control group dropped below 70% every 15 days, the soil moisture of Example 4 group was maintained at more than 80%, and the soil moisture of Example 5 group was maintained at about 90%. Algae powder was added to Example 4 group, and algae powder is a polysaccharide substance that can retain soil moisture. In addition, since soil water-absorbing substances such as carbon slag and perlite were also added to Example 5 group, the soil moisture was higher than that of Example 4 group.

[0100] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A microbial soil conditioner for leek planting, characterized in that: The invention comprises a carbohydrate substance, and according to weight parts, 50-60 parts of yeast zinc, 30-50 parts of yeast iron, 2-5 parts of oligosaccharides and 3-5 parts of Bacillus subtilis are added to every 200 parts of the carbohydrate substance.

2. The leek planting microbial soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that According to grams, 50-60 grams of yeast zinc, 30-50 grams of yeast iron, 2-5 grams of oligosaccharides and 3-5 grams of Bacillus subtilis are added to every 200 grams of the carbohydrate material.

3. The leek planting microbial soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbohydrate material is further added with animal amino acids and plant amino acids, and the weight ratio of the animal amino acids to the plant amino acids is 1:

1.

4. The leek planting microbial soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sugar substance is algae powder.

5. The leek planting microbial soil conditioner as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The invention also comprises 60-80 parts of soil water-absorbing material, wherein the soil water-absorbing material is carbon slag, perlite or a mixture of the two.

6. The method for using the leek planting microbial soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Select sandy loam or clay loam and level it to make ridges; S2. Spread the decomposed farmyard manure evenly on the soil surface, dissolve the leek planting microbial soil conditioner in water and spray it on the soil surface, plow and level the land, and leave it fallow for 3-4 weeks.

7. The method for using the leek planting microbial soil conditioner as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the decomposed farmyard manure includes one or more mixtures of organic fertilizer, soybean meal, palm meal and animal manure.

8. A method for growing leeks, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Planting of leeks: Plant in holes on flat beds, tamp down the soil and water after planting; S2. Spray or irrigate the leek planting microbial soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5 at a rate of 500 grams per mu per crop.

9. The leek planting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After step S1 and before step S2, the following steps are further included: Mix alkaline wood ash and tea oil meal in a weight ratio of 1:1 evenly and spread on the soil surface.

10. The leek planting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After step S2, the following steps are also included: The plant cleaner is sprayed once every 2 weeks; wherein the plant cleaner comprises plant essential oil, plant glycoside and plant active ketone.

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