Mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and the method comprises the following steps: data acquisition; a mine respirable dust concentration wireless sensor and a mine intrinsic safety type holder type infrared camera are used for collecting the dust concentration and the environment visibility in a mine respectively; processing and analyzing data; the mining intrinsic safety type wireless monitoring host processes the received data to obtain the dust concentration, and whether the dust falling device needs to be started or not is judged based on the dust concentration; if the dust concentration exceeds the preset range, the dust falling device is started until the obtained dust concentration is within the preset range; compared with the existing dust concentration monitoring means, the mine dust disaster monitoring system can realize dynamic perception, accurate early warning and intelligent management and control of mine dust disasters, introduces a real-time monitoring technology in order to timely discover and solve the problem that the dust concentration exceeds the standard by introducing intelligent and automatic technologies, and can also realize remote monitoring at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's coal mining industry, people have gradually become aware of the hazards caused by dust concentration. Mine dust is widely distributed, which will seriously affect production safety. It is one of the main factors threatening the life and health of coal miners and one of the five common hazards in coal mines. High concentrations of dust in coal mines will not only induce occupational diseases such as decreased lung function, pneumoconiosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but also affect coal mining efficiency, accelerate the damage of machinery and electrical equipment, shorten the service life of precision instruments and meters, and even cause safety accidents such as coal dust explosions and coal dust and gas explosions, causing a large number of casualties.

[0003] In view of this, designing a method for early warning of dust concentration detection in the coal mining process is of great significance to coal mining. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for monitoring and early warning of dust concentration in a mine, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Data collection;

[0006] The dust concentration and environmental visibility in the mine are collected through the mine respirable dust concentration wireless sensor and the mine intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera, and the collected data are transmitted to the mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host;

[0007] Step 2: Data processing and analysis;

[0008] The mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host processes the received data to obtain the dust concentration, and determines whether the dust suppression device needs to be started based on the dust concentration;

[0009] Step 3: If the dust concentration exceeds the preset range, the dust suppression device is activated;

[0010] In this process, step 1 and step 2 are continuously performed until the dust concentration is within a preset range, and then the dust suppression device is turned off.

[0011] Furthermore, the mine-used respirable dust concentration wireless sensor is installed in the goaf, coal mining and excavation working face, belt conveyor transfer point and self-sliding transport tunnel area; the mine-used intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera is arranged in the wellhead, tunnel and working face area.

[0012] Further, the mine-used respirable dust concentration wireless sensor comprises: a light emission signal control unit, a signal acquisition processing unit and a dust collection unit respectively connected to the main control function unit;

[0013] The light emission signal control unit includes: a current driving circuit and a laser light source electrically connected thereto;

[0014] The signal acquisition and processing unit comprises: a pre-processing circuit, a data acquisition circuit and a filter amplifier circuit electrically connected to the pre-processing circuit;

[0015] After the data acquisition circuit is started, the collected data is first processed by the pre-amplifier circuit, and then filtered by the filter amplifier circuit before being sent;

[0016] The data acquisition circuit collects dust-related data, and the collected data is first sent to the pre-processing circuit for preliminary processing, and then sent to the filter amplifier circuit for filtering after being processed by the pre-processing circuit, and the filtered signal is sent to the main control function unit;

[0017] The main control functional unit includes: a human-computer interaction module, a first LoRa module and a relay respectively connected to the monitoring host;

[0018] The monitoring host is used to control the working mode of each unit;

[0019] The relay is used for transmission of electrical signals, and the first LoRa module is used for communication connection between various units.

[0020] Furthermore, the mining intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera comprises: a second LoRa module, a 5G module, a power module, a microprocessor, an audible and visual alarm module and a camera module;

[0021] The second LoRa module and the 5G module are used for mutual communication between the modules;

[0022] The power supply module is used to supply power to each module;

[0023] The sound and light alarm module is used to detect the sound and light intensity in the environment and to give corresponding alarm prompts based on the detection results;

[0024] Each module of the mine-used intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera is connected to the monitoring host of the mine-used respirable dust concentration wireless sensor.

[0025] Furthermore, when processing and analyzing the data, a scheme combining the SVM algorithm and the CNN algorithm was used to identify the dust concentration in the mine;

[0026] The collected video image data is transformed by wavelet packet transform to extract the time-frequency features reflecting the characteristics of dust. The features most relevant to dust concentration (frequency distribution and time variation of dust in the image) are selected from the transformed data. CNN is used to automatically extract image features to enhance the model's ability to characterize dust images. SVM is used to classify dust concentration. Bayesian and particle swarm optimization are used to adjust the hyperparameters of CNN and SVM to improve the performance and accuracy of the model. The processed data is brought into the CNN-SVM algorithm for real-time analysis of dust concentration. Based on the analysis results, the system automatically determines whether it is necessary to start the dust suppression device.

[0027] Furthermore, the detection of dust concentration using the principle of light scattering can accurately measure the relative mass concentration of suspended particles in the environment.

[0028] Furthermore, when the dust particle concentration is relatively low, the distribution is relatively uniform, and the diameter size is relatively small, there is a linear relationship between the dust scattered light intensity and the relative mass concentration. The scattering characteristics of light mainly depend on the following parts;

[0029] The diffraction parameter ρ = 2πr / λ, where r is the radius of the particle and λ is the wavelength of the illuminating light;

[0030] The complex refractive index n of the particle is the optical constant of the particle;

[0031] The scattering angle θ is the angle between the incident light and the scattered light;

[0032] The scattering characteristics of light mainly depend on the diffraction parameter ρ. When ρ≤1, the size of the particle is much smaller than the wavelength, the scattered light intensity conforms to the Rayleigh law, and the scattered light intensity is proportional to r6 / λ4; when ρ≈1, the scattered light intensity conforms to the Mie law; when ρ≥1, the size of the particle is much larger than the wavelength, the scattered light intensity has nothing to do with the wavelength of light, but is proportional to the particle concentration and the irradiated area;

[0033] According to Mie's law, the calculation formula for scattered light intensity I(θ) is:

[0034] I(θ)=(π 2 d 4 I0 / 16λ 2 L 2 )×[2J1(x) / x]2;

[0035] L is the distance from the scattering particle to the observation point;

[0036] J1 is a first-order Bessel function;

[0037] X is a dimensionless parameter;

[0038] λ is the wavelength of scattered light;

[0039] d is the particle size;

[0040] I0 is the intensity of the incident scattered light.

[0041] Within any spatial solid angle θ1 to θ2, the scattered light intensity I(Δθ) of a single dust particle is,

[0042] I(Δθ)=2π∫I(θ)L2sinθdθ;

[0043] Assuming that the particle size distribution function of the dust in the dusty airflow is f(d), and the total number of dust particles in a unit volume is N, then within any spatial solid angle θ1 to θ2, the scattered light intensity Q(θ) of all dust particles is,

[0044] Q(θ)=∫I(Δθ)Nf(d)dd;

[0045] The result calculated by the above formula can be used to obtain the dust mass concentration C;

[0046] C = K × Q (θ);

[0047] Where K is the light scattering proportional coefficient.

[0048] Furthermore, the mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host transmits data and analysis results to the ground monitoring host through wireless communication technology. The ground monitoring host sends specific instructions to the wireless monitoring host according to the analysis results. After receiving the control command, the dust reduction device starts to perform dust reduction operations. At the same time, the electric ball valve starts and stops as needed to control the sprinkler dust reduction device.

[0049] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0050] Compared with the existing dust concentration monitoring methods, the present invention can realize dynamic perception, accurate early warning and intelligent control of mine dust disasters. By introducing intelligent and automated technologies, in order to timely discover and solve the problem of excessive dust concentration, real-time monitoring technology is introduced, and remote monitoring can also be realized. In this way, abnormal dust concentration can be discovered at the first time, and corresponding measures can be taken in time to deal with it.

[0051] The mine dust concentration intelligent monitoring technology of the present invention adopts the laser scattering principle to detect the dust concentration. The laser scattering principle can monitor very small particles, measure the dust concentration in real time, and accurately measure the dust concentration. Moreover, the equipment for monitoring the dust concentration using the laser scattering principle is stable and reliable, can run for a long time, and does not require frequent maintenance. The wireless communication module of this technology adopts LoRa spread spectrum modulation technology, which has ultra-low power consumption. The induction probe adopts an open structure to effectively prevent dust pollution. There is no fan or closed cavity, which eliminates the need for regular cleaning and dust removal. It has an audible and visual alarm function and a power-off output function, which realizes intelligent monitoring and early warning of dust in the return air lane of the mining face.

[0052] The multi-source, off-site, high-precision dust concentration dynamic sensing system of the present invention can monitor the changes in dust concentration in the mine in real time and provide accurate data support. The system supports remote monitoring and facilitates intelligent management.

[0053] The ultra-fine water curtain dust removal system of the present invention utilizes a high-pressure pump to pressurize water and sprays tiny water droplets through a nozzle to form water mist, which combines with dust particles in the air to make the dust particles heavier, and then settles to the ground by gravity, thereby achieving the purpose of dust removal.

[0054] The intelligent monitoring, early warning and remote collaborative management and control system for mine dust concentration of the present invention is constructed. The three modules of mine dust early warning and decision support module, visual computer data platform module and Android-based mobile dust monitoring and early warning module realize collaborative work through data interaction and information sharing. Through this collaborative mode, the integration of mine dust monitoring and early warning can be realized, the safety awareness and protection ability of miners can be improved, and the sustainable development of mines can be promoted.

[0055] The remote intelligent collaborative centralized control system of the present invention monitors the mine environment, equipment operation, etc. in real time, promptly discovers potential safety hazards and handles problems, thereby improving production efficiency and ensuring production safety.

[0056] The ultrasonic atomization dust removal technology of the present invention has high dust removal efficiency and low operating cost. The dust suppression system does not require a fan, a dust collector and a ventilation duct, thus saving space and requiring low investment.

[0057] The ultrasonic mist dust removal device of the present invention converts dust into small particles through an ultrasonic atomization process, which is beneficial to the sedimentation and adsorption of dust, thereby reducing the concentration of dust in the air, reducing the risk of miners inhaling dust during work, and reducing the possibility of contracting occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis. At the same time, it reduces the impact of dust on internal equipment and working surfaces in mines, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0058] Ultrasonic atomization dust removal equipment can collect various parameters in the dust removal process, such as dust concentration, and transmit these data to the ground monitoring server in real time so that managers can understand the equipment operation status and air quality conditions. The ground monitoring server remotely controls the ultrasonic atomization dust removal equipment based on the received data, thereby realizing intelligent management of the dust removal equipment and improving the dust removal effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the wireless sensor for respirable dust concentration for mining provided by the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of a mining intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera provided by the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of the intelligent monitoring, early warning and remote collaborative control technology for dust in the return air lane of the mining face provided by the present invention.

[0062] Reference numerals:

[0063] In the figure: 1 is a wireless sensor for respirable dust concentration for mines, 2 is a current driving circuit, 3 is a laser light source, 4 is a dust collection darkroom, 5 is a pre-processing circuit, 6 is a data acquisition circuit, 7 is a human-computer interaction module, 8 is an alarm device, 9 is a LoRa module, 10 is a relay, 11 is a filter amplifier circuit, 12 is a monitoring host, 13 is a mine intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera, 14 is a LoRa module, 15 is a power module, 16 is a 5G module, 17 is an audio and video alarm module, 18 is a microprocessor, 19 is a camera module, 20 is an ultrasonic atomization dust collector, 21 is a mine intrinsically safe electric ball valve, 22 is a mine intrinsically safe pyroelectric sensor, 23 is a mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host, 24 is a ground monitoring host, and 25 is an automatic water sprinkling and dust reduction device for mine dust concentration exceeding the limit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method, comprising the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Data collection

[0067] Under normal working conditions, the mine-used respirable dust concentration wireless sensor and the mine-used intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera respectively collect the dust concentration and environmental visibility in the mine. The collected data controls the start and stop of the electric ball valve through relay signals and is transmitted to the mine-used intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host.

[0068] Step 2: Data processing and analysis

[0069] The mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host processes the received data to obtain the dust concentration, and determines whether the dust suppression device needs to be started based on the dust concentration;

[0070] Step 3: Control of dust suppression device

[0071] The mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host transmits data and analysis results to the ground monitoring host through wireless communication technology (LORA). The ground monitoring host sends specific instructions to the mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host based on the analysis results. After receiving the control command, the ultrasonic atomization dust removal device is started to perform dust reduction operations. At the same time, the electric ball valve starts and stops as needed to control the water sprinkler dust reduction device.

[0072] Step 4: Monitoring and feedback

[0073] The electric ball valve and ultrasonic atomization dust removal device will feed back the working results to the mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host. After receiving the feedback, the mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host will update the display interface and storage interface to realize real-time monitoring and early warning of the mine production process. Managers can remotely access the ground monitoring host to view the dust concentration and environmental conditions in the mine in real time. When the dust concentration exceeds the limit, the system will automatically start dust reduction measures, and managers can also intervene manually to ensure the health and safety of miners.

[0074] Among them, the present invention also includes components for realizing the functions of each step, including a ground monitoring server 24 (including monitoring software), a mine-used respirable dust concentration wireless sensor 1, a mine-used intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host 23, a mine-used intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera 13, a mine-used intrinsically safe electric ball valve 21, a mine-used intrinsically safe pyroelectric sensor 22, a mine-used cast-in-place and intrinsically safe DC regulated power supply, and an ultrasonic atomizing dust collector 20.

[0075] The mine-used respirable dust concentration wireless sensor is installed in the goaf, coal mining and excavation working face, the transfer point of the belt conveyor and the self-sliding transport tunnel area; the mine-used intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera is arranged in the wellhead, tunnel and working face area.

[0076] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the mine-used respirable dust concentration wireless sensor mainly includes a light emission signal control unit, a signal acquisition and processing unit, a main control function unit, and a dust collection unit 4.

[0077] The light emission signal control unit includes a current driving circuit 2 and a laser light source 3 electrically connected thereto;

[0078] The signal acquisition processing unit comprises: a pre-processing circuit 5, a data acquisition circuit 6 electrically connected to the pre-processing circuit 5 and a filter amplifier circuit 11;

[0079] The data acquisition circuit collects dust-related data, and the collected data is first sent to the pre-processing circuit for preliminary processing, and then sent to the filter amplifier circuit for filtering after being processed by the pre-processing circuit, and the filtered signal is sent to the main control function unit;

[0080] The main control functional unit includes: a human-computer interaction module 7, a first LoRa module 9 and a relay 10 respectively connected to a monitoring host 12;

[0081] The intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera for mining includes a second LoRa module 14, a 5G module 16, a power module 15, a microprocessor 18, an audible and visual alarm module 17, and a camera module 19; its main functions are to monitor the working environment of the mine in real time, capture the working conditions of the mine, and monitor the operating status of the equipment in the mine. Through infrared camera technology, it can work normally in a dark environment and improve the safety management level of the mine. At the same time, the pan-tilt design allows the camera to be remotely controlled to achieve comprehensive monitoring of all angles of the mine. In an emergency, it can also provide real-time data to provide strong support for accident handling.

[0082] Among them, the dust reduction device 25 is connected to the intrinsically safe electric ball valve for mining, the intrinsically safe electric ball valve for mining is respectively connected to the intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera for mining and the wireless sensor for respirable dust concentration for mining, the intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera for mining and the wireless sensor for respirable dust concentration for mining are both connected to the intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host for mining, and the intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host for mining is also respectively connected to the ultrasonic atomizing dust collector and the ground monitoring host.

[0083] The LoRa module and the 5G module are two communication modules. The 5G module is used as a backup communication module. When the LoRa module signal is weak or abnormal, the 5G module can be used for normal communication.

[0084] It is worth noting that when identifying the dust concentration in the mine, a combination of the SVM algorithm and the CNN algorithm is used to identify the dust concentration in the mine. First, the wavelet packet transform is used to perform multi-scale analysis on the video image to extract the time-frequency features reflecting the characteristics of the dust. These features can then be used as the input of the CNN network to enhance the model's ability to represent the dust image. The CNN network is used to automatically extract image features. The CNN learns the hierarchical features of the image through multi-layer convolution and pooling operations. The features extracted by the CNN are used as input, and the support vector machine (SVM) is used to replace the SoftMax classifier in the CNN. In this process, the CNN acts as a feature extractor, while the SVM acts as a classifier. The combination of the two can improve the accuracy of the model in identifying dust concentration. Bayesian optimization is used to automatically adjust the hyperparameters of the SVM and CNN. Particle swarm optimization is used as a supplement to Bayesian. When Bayesian falls into a local optimum, it is optimized. Combining these two optimization methods can further improve the performance and robustness of the model.

[0085] The most relevant features of dust concentration (frequency distribution and time variation of dust in the image) are selected. CNN is used to automatically extract image features to enhance the model's ability to characterize dust images. SVM is used to classify dust concentration. Bayesian and particle swarm optimization are used to adjust the hyperparameters of CNN and SVM to improve the performance and accuracy of the model. The processed data is brought into the CNN-SVM algorithm for real-time analysis of dust concentration. Based on the analysis results, the system automatically determines whether it is necessary to start the dust suppression device.

[0086] When calculating dust concentration, the mine dust concentration wireless sensor uses the principle of light scattering to accurately measure the relative mass concentration of suspended particles in the environment. When the dust particle concentration is low, the distribution is uniform, and the diameter is small, there is a linear relationship between the dust scattered light intensity and the relative mass concentration. The scattering characteristics of light mainly depend on the following parts:

[0087] ① Diffraction parameter ρ = 2πr / λ, where r represents the radius of the particle and λ represents the wavelength of the irradiating light;

[0088] ② The complex refractive index n of the particle is the optical constant of the particle;

[0089] ③The scattering angle θ is the angle between the incident light and the scattered light;

[0090] The scattering characteristics of light mainly depend on the diffraction parameter ρ. When ρ≤1, the size of the particle is much smaller than the wavelength, the scattered light intensity conforms to the Rayleigh law, and the scattered light intensity is proportional to r6 / λ4; when ρ≈1, the scattered light intensity conforms to the Mie law; when ρ≥1, the size of the particle is much larger than the wavelength (large dust particles), the scattered light intensity has nothing to do with the wavelength of light, but is proportional to the particle concentration and the irradiated area.

[0091] According to Mie's law, the calculation formula for scattered light intensity I(θ) is:

[0092] I(θ)=(π 2 d 4 I0 / 16λ 2 L 2 )×[2J1(x) / x]2

[0093] The parameters in the formula are as follows:

[0094] L is the distance from the scattering particle to the observation point;

[0095] J1 is a first-order Bessel function;

[0096] X is a dimensionless parameter;

[0097] λ is the wavelength of scattered light;

[0098] d is the particle size;

[0099] I0 is the intensity of the incident scattered light.

[0100] Within any spatial solid angle θ1 to θ2, the scattered light intensity I(Δθ) of a single dust particle is:

[0101] I(Δθ)=2π∫I(θ)L2sinθdθ;

[0102] Assuming that the particle size distribution function of the dust in the dusty airflow is f(d), and the total number of dust particles in a unit volume is N, then within any spatial solid angle θ1 to θ2, the scattered light intensity Q(θ) of all dust particles is:

[0103] Q(θ)=∫I(Δθ)Nf(d)dd;

[0104] The result calculated by the above formula can be used to obtain the dust mass concentration C,

[0105] C = K × Q (θ);

[0106] Where K is the light scattering proportional coefficient.

[0107] In some embodiments, the intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera for mining uses image recognition technology to monitor the coal flow on the belt conveyor in real time. When the coal flow is detected, the system will start the dust concentration monitoring equipment to monitor the dust concentration in the coal flow in real time. When the dust concentration is detected to exceed the preset threshold, the system will automatically control the spray dust suppression device to spray water mist on the coal flow to achieve the purpose of reducing the dust concentration. At the same time, the system will also adjust the water spray volume of the spray dust suppression device in real time according to the change of dust concentration to achieve the best dust reduction effect. Through this linkage control method, the dust concentration in the coal production process can be effectively reduced and the working environment can be improved.

[0108] The RV1126 chip is used in the mining intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera. The chip is equipped with a high-performance NPU module, which can quickly process and analyze a large amount of image data, and achieve efficient image processing and recognition. In terms of dust concentration monitoring, the chip can improve the clarity of the image, which helps to more accurately identify and monitor dust particles. At the same time, the chip can analyze the image in real time to monitor the dust concentration changes more quickly and take corresponding measures.

[0109] In some embodiments, the mine respirable dust concentration wireless sensor uses laser technology to measure dust concentration. The sensor calculates the dust concentration by emitting a laser beam and measuring the intensity of the reflected beam. The mine respirable dust concentration wireless sensor is connected to the mine safety monitoring system to monitor the dust concentration in real time. When the dust concentration exceeds the preset safety standard, the system issues an alarm to remind workers to take appropriate safety measures to avoid the impact of dust on health.

[0110] The mine-use respirable dust concentration wireless sensor can monitor the dust concentration in the mine in real time, providing real-time data support for mine safety. Its wireless transmission has a longer transmission distance and stronger anti-interference ability, and can quickly respond to changes in dust concentration, which is conducive to the mine to take dust reduction measures in time.

[0111] In some embodiments, the use of ultrasonic atomizing dust collectors, which generate high-frequency sound waves to decompose water mist into tiny particles, avoids direct contact between particulate matter and filter media in traditional equipment, reduces the risk of blockage and secondary dust, and can significantly reduce dust concentration in mines, directly suppressing dust-generating points. Due to the special environment of mines and high dust concentration, the use of ultrasonic atomizing dust removal devices can effectively improve air quality and protect the health of miners. At the same time, reducing dust concentration can also help reduce the occurrence of mining accidents and improve the production safety of mines. Long-term use can improve the working environment in mines and improve the work efficiency of miners.

[0112] Ultrasonic dry mist dust suppression nozzles have a significant impact on reducing dust concentration in mines. Compared with traditional spray technology, dry mist dust suppression technology produces water droplets with a smaller diameter (1-10μm), which can better collide and condense with dust particles. In addition, dry mist dust suppression nozzles have a high atomization effect and can effectively reduce dust concentration without affecting the working environment of the mine, which is conducive to improving the working environment of miners, reducing the impact of dust on equipment and mineral product quality, and improving the production efficiency of mines.

[0113] In some embodiments, by installing wireless sensors for respirable dust concentration in mines and ultrasonic atomizing dust collectors in the tunnels, the dust concentration is automatically detected and water mist is sprayed to reduce dust, thereby achieving real-time monitoring and analysis of dust concentration, uploading and automatic alarm for exceeding the limit, and forming a linkage control with the spray dust removal device.

[0114] The light-touch stop spray function is realized by combining pyroelectric sensors and photo-touch sensors. When the dust concentration is too high, the pyroelectric sensor detects the dust particles and triggers the spray system to start working; when the dust concentration drops to a certain level, the photo-touch sensor detects the light change and triggers the spray system to stop working. This combination can realize automatic monitoring and control of dust concentration and ensure the safety of the mine working environment.

[0115] In some embodiments, the construction of an intelligent monitoring, early warning and remote collaborative management and control system for dust concentration in a mine includes a mine dust early warning and decision support module, a visual computer-side data platform module and an Android-based mobile-side dust monitoring and early warning module. The mine dust early warning and decision support module collects dust data in the mine through dust monitoring equipment, analyzes and warns, and transmits the data to the visual computer-side data platform module and the Android-based mobile-side dust monitoring and early warning module. The visual computer-side data platform module processes and analyzes the received data, displays it in the form of reports and charts, and classifies and displays the early warning information to help workers discover and deal with safety hazards in a timely manner. The Android-based mobile-side dust monitoring and early warning module pushes real-time data, early warning information, safety tips and other content to users through mobile phone APP and other methods. Users can use their mobile phones to understand the dust conditions and early warning information in the mine at any time, and take timely measures to ensure the safety of miners.

[0116] By embedding AR models into WebGIS applications and using Web technology to achieve real-time data updates and visualization, it is possible to monitor the dust concentration in mines in real time, detect anomalies in a timely manner, and avoid safety accidents such as dust explosions.

[0117] By integrating early warning algorithms into WebGIS applications, predictions are made based on the dust concentration trend. When the concentration exceeds the safety threshold, the WebGIS application will issue an early warning signal to remind relevant personnel to take measures.

[0118] The three intelligent spray dust removal modes of timed spray dust removal, over-limit spray dust removal and remote centralized control dust removal work together to achieve automatic control through intelligent equipment such as sensors and controllers, thereby improving control accuracy and work efficiency.

[0119] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Data collection; The dust concentration and environmental visibility in the mine are collected through the mine respirable dust concentration wireless sensor and the mine intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera, and the collected data are transmitted to the mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host; Step 2: Data processing and analysis; The mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host processes the received data to obtain the dust concentration, and determines whether the dust suppression device needs to be started based on the dust concentration; Step 3: If the dust concentration exceeds the preset range, the dust suppression device is activated; In this process, step 1 and step 2 are continuously performed until the dust concentration is within a preset range, and then the dust suppression device is turned off.

2. The mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mine-used respirable dust concentration wireless sensor is installed in the goaf, coal mining and excavation working face, the transfer point of the belt conveyor and the self-sliding transport tunnel area; the mine-used intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera is arranged in the wellhead, tunnel and working face area.

3. The mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mine-used respirable dust concentration wireless sensor comprises: a light emission signal control unit, a signal collection and processing unit and a dust collection unit respectively connected to a main control function unit; The light emission signal control unit includes: a current driving circuit and a laser light source electrically connected thereto; The signal acquisition and processing unit comprises: a pre-processing circuit, a data acquisition circuit and a filter amplifier circuit electrically connected to the pre-processing circuit; After the data acquisition circuit is started, the collected data is first processed by the pre-amplifier circuit, and then filtered by the filter amplifier circuit before being sent; The data acquisition circuit collects dust-related data, and the collected data is first sent to the pre-processing circuit for preliminary processing, and then sent to the filter amplifier circuit for filtering after being processed by the pre-processing circuit, and the filtered signal is sent to the main control function unit; The main control functional unit includes: a human-computer interaction module, a first LoRa module and a relay respectively connected to the monitoring host; The monitoring host is used to control the working mode of each unit; The relay is used for transmission of electrical signals, and the first LoRa module is used for communication connection between various units.

4. The mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The mining intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera includes: a second LoRa module, a 5G module, a power module, a microprocessor, an audible and visual alarm module and a camera module; The second LoRa module and the 5G module are used for mutual communication between the modules; The power supply module is used to supply power to each module; The sound and light alarm module is used to detect the sound and light intensity in the environment and to give corresponding alarm prompts based on the detection results; Each module of the mine-used intrinsically safe pan-tilt infrared camera is connected to the monitoring host of the mine-used respirable dust concentration wireless sensor.

5. The mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When processing and analyzing the data, a combination of SVM algorithm and CNN algorithm is used to identify the dust concentration in the mine; The collected video image data is transformed by wavelet packet transform to extract the time-frequency features reflecting the characteristics of dust. The features most relevant to dust concentration are selected from the transformed data. CNN is used to automatically extract image features to enhance the model's ability to characterize dust images. SVM is used to classify dust concentration. Bayesian and particle swarm optimization are used to adjust the hyperparameters of CNN and SVM to improve the performance and accuracy of the model. The processed data is brought into the CNN-SVM algorithm for real-time analysis of dust concentration. Based on the analysis results, the system automatically determines whether it is necessary to start the dust suppression device.

6. The mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The detection of dust concentration uses the principle of light scattering to accurately measure the relative mass concentration of suspended particles in the environment.

7. The mining dust concentration monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mine intrinsically safe wireless monitoring host transmits data and analysis results to the ground monitoring host through wireless communication technology. The ground monitoring host sends specific instructions to the wireless monitoring host based on the analysis results. After receiving the control command, the dust reduction device starts to perform dust reduction operations. At the same time, the electric ball valve starts and stops as needed to control the water sprinkler dust reduction device.

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