Multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system and deicing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system and deicing method, belongs to the technical field of railway deicing, and solves the problems that an existing deicing mode is high in energy consumption and poor in deicing effect. The system specifically comprises a turnout deicing pipe set, a heat pump unit, heat supply equipment, a control system and a wind-light complementary power generation system. The turnout deicing pipe group is arranged on a turnout rail; the turnout deicing pipe group is connected with the heat pump unit and the heat supply equipment through pipelines; the heat pump unit is connected with the control system; and the control system is connected with the wind-light complementary power generation system. According to the turnout deicing system, the heat supply equipment and the heat pump unit are used for heating the circulating medium and conveying the circulating medium to the turnout deicing pipe set through a pipeline, and the turnout deicing pipe set heats a turnout rail through heat energy carried by the circulating medium so as to eliminate ice and snow on the surface of the turnout rail; energy required by the heat pump unit can be provided through the wind-light complementary power generation system; a multi-energy supply system in which various energy sources are coordinated and complemented is achieved, and normal operation of a railway is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway deicing, and in particular to a multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system and a deicing method. Background Art

[0002] Railway turnouts are important equipment used in railway systems to guide trains from one track to another. Their main function is to ensure that trains can switch tracks safely and accurately. However, in cold climates, the low temperature environment causes water to condense into ice on the surface of the turnout. Ice formation increases the resistance of train operation, reduces the mechanical properties of the turnout, interferes with its normal operation of track change, and may even cause serious train derailment accidents, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of railway transportation and having an adverse impact on railway operations. Traditional passive deicing and snow melting technologies, such as manual snow shoveling, salting or using chemical snow melting agents, can alleviate the icing problem to a certain extent, but they have the disadvantages of low deicing efficiency, poor working environment and high labor intensity. In addition, although salting or chemical snow melting agents can quickly melt ice and snow, long-term use may cause corrosion to the environment and turnout materials, and also increase maintenance costs. There is also an electric heating technology that can be used for railway turnout deicing. This technology embeds electric heating elements in the turnout or track and uses the heat generated by the current to melt the ice and snow. Although it can effectively solve this problem, this method of converting high-quality electrical energy into thermal energy is neither economical nor environmentally friendly, and has considerable limitations. Therefore, it is very important to design a multi-energy intelligent control deicing system technology that can use multiple clean energy to de-ice the turnout, combined with intelligent monitoring, control, and operation to achieve efficient and environmentally friendly solutions to the problem of snow and ice accumulation on the turnout.

[0003] Prior to the present invention, Chinese invention patent ZL2021107650848 proposed a multi-source complementary railway turnout snow and ice melting system and method, and proposed a method of using a three-stage heat storage device to perform step-by-step heat storage of solar energy and combining geothermal energy with electric energy to de-ice the turnout; however, this method arranges the heating pipe under the rails, and the de-icing and snow melting effect is relatively limited. Chinese invention patent ZL2017109962617 proposed a railway turnout point rail and base rail ice and snow detection and melting device; the device automatically detects ice and snow through an ice and snow sensor, and melts the ice and snow on the turnout through a hot air box. This method requires external access to a power source for ice and snow detection and melting, and the detection and snow melting range is relatively small. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system and deicing method, which solves the problems of high energy consumption and poor deicing effect of the existing deicing methods.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system comprises a turnout deicing pipe group, a heat pump unit, a heating device, a control system, and a wind-solar complementary power generation system; the turnout deicing pipe group is arranged on the turnout rail; the turnout deicing pipe group is connected to the heat pump unit through a pipeline, and the heat pump unit is connected to the heating device through a pipeline; the heat pump unit is connected to the control system; and the control system is connected to the wind-solar complementary power generation system.

[0007] In this scheme, the heating equipment and heat pump unit are used to heat the circulating medium and transport it to the turnout de-icing pipe group through a pipeline. The turnout de-icing pipe group uses the heat energy of the circulating medium to heat the turnout rails to remove ice and snow on their surface. The energy required by the heat pump unit can be provided by a wind-solar complementary power generation system. A multi-energy supply system with coordinated and complementary energy sources is realized to ensure that the railway can maintain normal operation in extreme weather.

[0008] Furthermore, the turnout deicing pipe group includes a first heat exchange pipe, a second heat exchange pipe, a third heat exchange pipe and a sleeper heat pipe; the first heat exchange pipe is distributed in an S shape on one side of the waist of the basic rail; the second heat exchange pipe is distributed in an S shape on both sides of the waist of the point rail; the third heat exchange pipe is arranged at the bottom of the basic rail, and the tube body of the third heat exchange pipe passes through the sleeper and is connected to the sleeper heat pipe arranged inside the sleeper; the first heat exchange pipe, the second heat exchange pipe and the third heat exchange pipe are all connected to the heat pump unit.

[0009] In this solution, the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube are used to heat the base rail and the point rail respectively; the third heat exchange tube is used to heat the sleeper heat pipe, so that the sleeper heat pipe heats the sleeper; this design can heat all parts of the turnout railway, deicing is more comprehensive, and normal track change of the turnout railway is ensured.

[0010] Furthermore, the sleeper heat pipe is an arched structure that is high in the middle and low at both ends, and a partition is provided in the middle of the arched structure; two liquid capsule balls are respectively connected to the two ends of the arched structure, and the two liquid capsule balls are filled with liquid ammonia; the tube body of the third heat exchange tube is wrapped around the liquid capsule ball.

[0011] In this solution, an arched sleeper heat pipe is buried inside the sleeper, and the third heat exchange pipe is used to heat the liquid ammonia in the liquid capsule balls at both ends of the sleeper heat pipe, causing it to absorb heat and evaporate into ammonia gas. The ammonia gas liquefies and releases heat when it approaches the sleeper surface. The sleeper is heated through the gas-liquid cycle of liquid ammonia, and its high latent heat of evaporation is used to prevent a large amount of snow from accumulating on the sleeper surface, effectively avoiding steering problems caused by frozen sleepers and ensuring the safe operation of the train.

[0012] Furthermore, thermal conductive silicone pads are arranged on the side of the waist of the basic rail and on both sides of the waist of the pointed rail; the first heat exchange tube and the third heat exchange tube are distributed in the thermal conductive silicone pads on the side of the waist of the basic rail, and the second heat exchange tube is distributed in the thermal conductive silicone pads on both sides of the waist of the pointed rail; the thermal conductive silicone pads are wrapped with an insulation layer and a protective cover in sequence.

[0013] In this solution, the thermally conductive silicone pad can fix each pipeline on the turnout railway. At the same time, the good thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive silicone pad can evenly distribute the temperature of the pipeline to the surface of the turnout railway, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency; the insulation layer can prevent heat loss, and the protective layer protects the thermally conductive silicone pad and each pipeline, thereby increasing their service life.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat pump unit includes a hot water tank and a cold water tank, the water inlet of the hot water tank is connected to the heating equipment through a secondary hot water pipe, the water outlet of the hot water tank is connected to one end of the first heat exchange tube, the second heat exchange tube and the third heat exchange tube respectively through the main hot water pipe, the other ends of the first heat exchange tube, the second heat exchange tube and the third heat exchange tube are all connected to the water inlet of the cold water tank through the main cold water pipe, and the water outlet of the cold water tank is connected to the heating equipment through the secondary cold water pipe; a resistance wire is provided inside the hot water tank, and the resistance wire is connected to the control system.

[0015] In this solution, when the circulating medium provided by the heating equipment passes through the hot water tank, the resistance wire inside the hot water tank can assist in heating the circulating medium again to ensure that the heat carried by the circulating medium is sufficient to eliminate ice and snow on the turnout railway.

[0016] Furthermore, the heating equipment includes an energy pile and a bored buried pipe, the energy pile and the bored buried pipe are connected; the secondary cold water pipe connects the energy pile and the water inlet end of the bored buried pipe; the secondary hot water pipe connects the energy pile and the water outlet end of the bored buried pipe.

[0017] In this scheme, energy piles are used to extract shallow geothermal energy, and bored pipes are used to extract shallow or medium-deep geothermal energy; this design makes full use of geothermal energy to heat the circulating medium, with low energy costs, and facilitates long-term and continuous heating and de-icing of turnout railways during cold weather periods.

[0018] Furthermore, the control system includes a linkage central control, which is connected to an infrared temperature probe and a temperature sensor respectively; the infrared temperature probe is installed on one side of the switch rail to detect the temperature of the switch rail; the temperature sensor is buried in the soil around the energy pile and the bored pipe to monitor the geothermal temperature.

[0019] In this solution, the linkage central control can determine the geothermal stability through the geothermal temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor. When the geothermal temperature is too low to eliminate ice and snow, the linkage central control can control the resistance wire to start and assist in heating the circulating medium; when the geothermal temperature is high, the resistance wire is turned off to reduce energy consumption.

[0020] Furthermore, the wind-solar complementary power generation system includes solar photovoltaic panels and wind turbines, which are respectively connected to inverters via DC cables. The inverter converts the generated DC power into AC power, which is then transmitted to the linkage central control via the AC cables.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing method based on the multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system provided in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1: The heating equipment extracts geothermal energy and uses the geothermal energy to heat the circulating medium;

[0023] S2: The heated circulating medium enters the hot water tank through the secondary hot water pipe, and then enters the turnout deicing pipe group from the hot water tank through the main hot water pipe. The turnout deicing pipe group heats and deices the turnout rails;

[0024] S3: During the deicing process, the infrared temperature probe detects the turnout temperature of the turnout rail; if the turnout temperature is lower than or equal to the alarm temperature, the deicing system enters the high-demand operation mode, and the central control resistor is started, and the resistor assists in heating the circulating medium passing through the hot water tank; if the turnout temperature is higher than the alarm temperature and lower than the early warning temperature, the deicing system enters the low-demand operation mode, and the central control resistor is closed.

[0025] In this solution, the linkage central control determines the demand status of the de-icing system according to the turnout temperature, and then controls the auxiliary heating of the resistance wire to achieve automated control operation, ensuring the efficiency and reliability of de-icing.

[0026] Furthermore, the alarm temperature is 0°C; the early warning temperature is 5°C.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] In the multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system provided by the present invention, geothermal energy is extracted through energy piles and bored buried pipes to heat the circulating medium, and the circulating medium is then used to heat the turnout deicing pipe group to remove ice and snow on its surface; wherein the heat pump unit also performs auxiliary heating on the circulating medium, and the electric energy required for the operation of the heat pump unit can be obtained through solar photovoltaic panels and wind turbines, thus realizing a multi-energy supply system with coordinated and complementary multiple energy sources, solving the problem of snow and ice accumulation on the turnout railway, and ensuring that the turnout railway can maintain normal operation in extreme weather.

[0029] The first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube in the turnout deicing pipe group are arranged on the waist of the basic rail and the point rail, and are used to heat the basic rail and the point rail respectively; the third heat exchange tube is used to heat the liquid capsule ball at the end of the sleeper heat pipe, so that the liquid ammonia in the liquid capsule ball absorbs heat and evaporates, and the ammonia gas approaches the sleeper surface and releases heat and liquefies, and the sleeper is heated through the gas-liquid cycle of liquid ammonia, and its higher latent heat of evaporation is used to prevent a large amount of snow from accumulating on the sleeper surface and heat the sleeper; this design heats the basic rail, the point rail and the sleeper, completely eliminates ice and snow on the turnout railway, and ensures the normal track change of the turnout railway.

[0030] In the multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing method provided by the present invention, an infrared temperature measuring probe is used to detect the turnout temperature of the turnout rail, and the demand state of the deicing system is judged according to the turnout temperature, thereby realizing automatic deicing; at the same time, when the turnout temperature is high, the auxiliary heating function of the resistance wire can be turned off to save energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the turnout railway in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the first heat exchange tube and the third heat exchange tube along the length direction of the railway in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Middle partial enlarged picture;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the railway cross-section structure at the point rail position in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat pump unit in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind-photovoltaic complementary power generation system and control system in the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Turnout deicing pipe group; 101. First heat exchange pipe; 102. Second heat exchange pipe; 103. Third heat exchange pipe; 104. Sleeper heat pipe; 105. Thermal conductive silicone cushion; 106. Insulation layer; 107. Protective cover; 108. Liquid capsule ball; 109. Partition; 2. Heat pump unit; 201. Hot water tank; 202. Cold water tank; 203. Resistance wire; 3. Heating equipment; 301. Energy pile; 302. Drilling and burying pipes; 4. Control system; 401 , infrared temperature probe; 402, temperature sensor; 403, linkage central control; 5, pipeline; 501, main hot water pipe; 502, secondary hot water pipe; 503, main cold water pipe; 504, secondary cold water pipe; 6, wind-solar complementary power generation system; 601, solar photovoltaic panel; 602, wind turbine; 603, inverter; 604, DC cable; 605, AC cable; 8, turnout rail; 801, basic rail; 802, point rail; 803, sleeper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The specific implementation of the present invention is described below to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system, which uses geothermal energy to de-ice the railway turnout, avoiding the problem of snow or ice accumulation on the turnout railway affecting the normal track change of the railway; it specifically includes:

[0043] A turnout deicing pipe group 1, a heat pump unit 2, a heating device 3, a control system 4, and a wind-solar complementary power generation system 6; the turnout deicing pipe group 1 is connected to the heat pump unit 2 through a pipeline 5, and the heat pump unit 2 is connected to the heating device 3 through a pipeline 5; the heating device 3 and the heat pump unit 2 are used to heat the circulating medium and transport it to the turnout deicing pipe group 1 through the pipeline 5; the turnout deicing pipe group 1 is arranged on the turnout rail 8, and the turnout deicing pipe group 1 uses the heat energy of the circulating medium to heat the turnout rail 8 to remove ice and snow on its surface; the heat pump unit 2 is connected to the control system 4; the control system 4 is connected to the wind-solar complementary power generation system 6, realizing a multi-energy supply system in which multiple energy sources are coordinated and complementary.

[0044] like Figure 2-Figure 5As shown, the turnout deicing pipe group 1 includes a first heat exchange pipe 101, a second heat exchange pipe 102, a third heat exchange pipe 103 and a sleeper heat pipe 104; the first heat exchange pipe 101 is distributed in an S shape on one side of the waist of the basic rail 801, and is used to heat the basic rail 801; the second heat exchange pipe 102 is distributed in an S shape on both sides of the waist of the point rail 802, and is used to heat the point rail 802. The third heat exchange pipe 103 is arranged at the bottom of the basic rail 801, and the pipe body of the third heat exchange pipe 103 passes through the sleeper 803 and is connected to the sleeper heat pipe 104 arranged inside the sleeper 803. The pipe body of the third heat exchange pipe 103 heats the sleeper heat pipe 104, so that the sleeper heat pipe 104 heats the sleeper 803. The first heat exchange pipe 101, the second heat exchange pipe 102 and the third heat exchange pipe 103 are all connected to the heat pump unit 2.

[0045] The sleeper heat pipe 104 is an arched structure which is high in the middle and low at both ends, and a partition 109 is arranged in the middle of the arched structure; two liquid capsule balls 108 are connected to the two ends of the arched structure respectively, and the two liquid capsule balls 108 are filled with liquid ammonia; the tube body of the third heat exchange tube 103 is wrapped around the outside of the liquid capsule balls 108; the third heat exchange tube 103 heats the liquid ammonia in the liquid capsule balls 108 at both ends of the sleeper heat pipe 104, so that it absorbs heat and evaporates into ammonia gas, and the ammonia gas is liquefied and releases heat when it approaches the surface of the sleeper 803, and the sleeper 803 is heated through the gas-liquid circulation of liquid ammonia, and its higher latent heat of evaporation is used to prevent a large amount of snow from accumulating on the surface of the sleeper 803, effectively avoiding the steering problem caused by the freezing of the sleeper 803, and ensuring the safe operation of the train.

[0046] The sleeper heat pipe 104 and the liquid capsule ball 108 are integrally formed from a seamless heat-conducting steel pipe.

[0047] Thermally conductive silicone pads 105 are provided on both sides of the waist of the base rail 801 and the waist of the point rail 802; the first heat exchange tube 101 and the third heat exchange tube 103 are distributed in the thermally conductive silicone pads 105 on the waist of the base rail 801, and the second heat exchange tube 102 is distributed in the thermally conductive silicone pads 105 on both sides of the waist of the point rail 802; the thermally conductive silicone pads 105 are wrapped with insulation layers 106 and protective covers 107 in sequence; the thermally conductive silicone pads 105, the insulation layers 106 and the protective covers 107 can be fixed to the sides of the waist of the rail by bolts penetrating the three. The good thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive silicone pads 105 can also evenly distribute the temperature of the pipeline to the surface of the turnout railway, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency; the insulation layer 106 can prevent heat loss, and the protective layer protects the thermally conductive silicone pads 105 and each pipeline, thereby improving their service life.

[0048] In this embodiment, the thermal insulation layer 106 may be made of polystyrene foam board; the protective layer may be made of polyvinyl chloride plastic cloth.

[0049] like Figure 6As shown, the heat pump unit 2 includes a hot water tank 201 and a cold water tank 202, the water inlet of the hot water tank 201 is connected to the heating device 3 through a secondary hot water pipe 502, the water outlet of the hot water tank 201 is connected to one end of the first heat exchange tube 101, the second heat exchange tube 102 and the third heat exchange tube 103 through the main hot water pipe 501, the other ends of the first heat exchange tube 101, the second heat exchange tube 102 and the third heat exchange tube 103 are all connected to the water inlet of the cold water tank 202 through the main cold water pipe 503, and the water outlet of the cold water tank 202 is connected to the heating device 3 through the secondary cold water pipe 504; a resistance wire 203 is arranged inside the hot water tank 201, and the resistance wire 203 is connected to the control system 4; when the circulating medium provided by the heating device 3 passes through the hot water tank 201, the resistance wire 203 inside the hot water tank 201 can perform auxiliary heating on the circulating medium again to ensure that the heat carried by the circulating medium is sufficient to eliminate ice and snow on the turnout railway.

[0050] The heating equipment 3 includes an energy pile 301 and a bored buried pipe 302, the energy pile 301 and the bored buried pipe 302 are connected; the secondary cold water pipe 504 connects the energy pile 301 and the water inlet end of the bored buried pipe 302; the secondary hot water pipe 502 connects the energy pile 301 and the water outlet end of the bored buried pipe 302; the energy pile 301 can be a pile foundation arranged at a transportation station and surrounding buildings, and the energy pile 301 is used to extract shallow geothermal energy; the bored buried pipe 302 is arranged on both sides of the railway, and the bored buried pipe 302 extracts shallow or medium-deep geothermal energy; this design makes full use of geothermal energy to heat the circulating medium, with low energy cost, and is convenient for long-term and continuous heating and de-icing of turnout railways during cold weather.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, the control system 4 includes a linkage central control 403, which can be a computer in a transportation station; the linkage central control 403 is connected to an infrared temperature probe 401 and a temperature sensor 402; the infrared temperature probe 401 is installed on one side of the switch rail 8 to detect the temperature of the switch rail 8; the temperature sensor 402 is buried in the soil around the energy pile 301 and the bored pipe 302 to monitor the geothermal temperature; the linkage central control 403 can transmit geothermal temperature data through the temperature sensor 402 to determine the geothermal stability. When the geothermal temperature is too low to eliminate ice and snow, the linkage central control 403 can control the resistance wire 203 to start and perform auxiliary heating on the circulating medium; when the geothermal temperature is high, the resistance wire 203 is closed to reduce energy consumption.

[0052] The wind-solar complementary power generation system 6 includes a solar photovoltaic panel 601 and a wind turbine 602 . The solar photovoltaic panel 601 and the wind turbine 602 are respectively connected to an inverter 603 via a DC cable 604 . The inverter 603 converts the generated DC power into AC power, which is then transmitted to the linkage central control 403 via an AC cable 605 .

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment provides a multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing method based on a multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system provided in Example 1, in which the required state of the deicing system is judged according to the turnout temperature, and then the auxiliary heating of the resistance wire 203 is controlled to realize automatic control operation, thereby ensuring the high efficiency and reliability of deicing. The method includes the following steps:

[0055] S1: The heating device 3 extracts geothermal energy and uses the geothermal energy to heat the circulating medium;

[0056] S2: The heated circulating medium enters the hot water tank 201 through the secondary hot water pipe 502, and then enters the turnout deicing pipe group 1 from the hot water tank 201 through the main hot water pipe 501. The turnout deicing pipe group 1 heats and deices the turnout rails 8;

[0057] S3: During the deicing process, the infrared temperature measuring probe 401 detects the turnout temperature of the turnout rail 8; if the turnout temperature is lower than or equal to 0°C, the deicing system enters a high-demand operation mode, and the linkage central control 403 controls the resistor 203 to start, and the resistor 203 assists in heating the circulating medium passing through the hot water tank 201; if the turnout temperature is higher than 0°C and lower than 5°C, the deicing system enters a low-demand operation mode, and the linkage central control 403 controls the resistor 203 to close.

[0058] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments herein are intended to help readers understand the principles of the present invention, and should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific variations and combinations that do not deviate from the essence of the present invention based on the technical revelations disclosed by the present invention, and these variations and combinations are still within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system, characterized by: The invention comprises a turnout deicing pipe group (1), a heat pump unit (2), a heating device (3), a control system (4), and a wind-solar complementary power generation system (6); the turnout deicing pipe group (1) is arranged on a turnout rail (8); the turnout deicing pipe group (1) is connected to the heat pump unit (2) via a pipeline (5); the heat pump unit (2) is connected to the heating device (3) via a pipeline (5); the heat pump unit (2) is connected to the control system (4); and the control system (4) is connected to the wind-solar complementary power generation system (6).

2. The multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The turnout deicing pipe group (1) comprises a first heat exchange pipe (101), a second heat exchange pipe (102), a third heat exchange pipe (103) and a sleeper heat pipe (104); the first heat exchange pipe (101) is distributed in an S shape on one side of the waist of a base rail (801); the second heat exchange pipe (102) is distributed in an S shape on both sides of the waist of a point rail (802); the third heat exchange pipe (103) is arranged at the bottom of the base rail (801), the pipe body of the third heat exchange pipe (103) passes through the sleeper (803) and is connected to the sleeper heat pipe (104) arranged inside the sleeper (803); the first heat exchange pipe (101), the second heat exchange pipe (102) and the third heat exchange pipe (103) are all connected to the heat pump unit (2).

3. The multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The sleeper heat pipe (104) is in the form of an arched structure which is high in the middle and low at both ends, and a partition (109) is arranged in the middle of the arched structure; two liquid capsule balls (108) are respectively connected to the two ends of the arched structure, and liquid ammonia is contained in both of the two liquid capsule balls (108); the tube body of the third heat exchange tube (103) is wound around the outside of the liquid capsule ball (108).

4. The multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Thermally conductive silicone pads (105) are provided on the side of the waist of the base rail (801) and on both sides of the waist of the pointed rail (802); the first heat exchange tube (101) and the third heat exchange tube (103) are distributed in the thermally conductive silicone pads (105) on the side of the waist of the base rail (801), and the second heat exchange tube (102) is distributed in the thermally conductive silicone pads (105) on both sides of the waist of the pointed rail (802); and the thermally conductive silicone pads (105) are wrapped with a heat insulation layer (106) and a protective cover (107) in sequence.

5. The multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The heat pump unit (2) comprises a hot water tank (201) and a cold water tank (202); the water inlet of the hot water tank (201) is connected to the heating device (3) via a secondary hot water pipe (502); the water outlet of the hot water tank (201) is connected to one end of the first heat exchange tube (101), the second heat exchange tube (102) and the third heat exchange tube (103) respectively via a main hot water pipe (501); the other ends of the first heat exchange tube (101), the second heat exchange tube (102) and the third heat exchange tube (103) are all connected to the water inlet of the cold water tank (202) via a main cold water pipe (503); the water outlet of the cold water tank (202) is connected to the heating device (3) via a secondary cold water pipe (504); a resistance wire (203) is provided inside the hot water tank (201); the resistance wire (203) is connected to the control system.

6. The multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating equipment (3) comprises an energy pile (301) and a bored buried pipe (302), wherein the energy pile (301) and the bored buried pipe (302) are connected; the secondary cold water pipe (504) connects the energy pile (301) and the water inlet end of the bored buried pipe (302); and the secondary hot water pipe (502) connects the energy pile (301) and the water outlet end of the bored buried pipe (302).

7. The multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The control system (4) comprises a linkage central control (403), and the linkage central control (403) is respectively connected to an infrared temperature measuring probe (401) and a temperature sensor (402); the infrared temperature measuring probe (401) is installed on one side of the turnout rail (8) to detect the temperature of the turnout rail (8); the temperature sensor (402) is buried in the soil around the energy pile (301) and the bored buried pipe (302) to monitor the geothermal temperature.

8. The multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wind-solar complementary power generation system (6) comprises a solar photovoltaic panel (601) and a wind turbine (602), wherein the solar photovoltaic panel (601) and the wind turbine (602) are respectively connected to an inverter (603) via a DC cable (604), and the inverter (603) converts the generated DC power into AC power, which is then transmitted to the linkage central control (403) via an AC cable (605).

9. A deicing method for a multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The heating device (3) extracts geothermal energy and uses the geothermal energy to heat the circulating medium; S2: The heated circulating medium enters the hot water tank (201) through the secondary hot water pipe (502), and then enters the turnout deicing pipe assembly (1) from the hot water tank (201) through the main hot water pipe (501), and the turnout deicing pipe assembly (1) heats and deices the turnout rails (8); S3: During the deicing process, the infrared temperature measuring probe (401) detects the turnout temperature of the turnout rail (8); if the turnout temperature is lower than or equal to the alarm temperature, the deicing system enters a high-demand operation mode, and the linkage central control (403) controls the resistor (203) to start, and the resistor (203) assists in heating the circulating medium passing through the hot water tank (201); if the turnout temperature is higher than the alarm temperature and lower than the early warning temperature, the deicing system enters a low-demand operation mode, and the linkage central control (403) controls the resistor (203) to close.

10. The deicing method of the multi-energy complementary railway turnout deicing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The alarm temperature is 0°C; the early warning temperature is 5°C.

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