Speed reducer

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mechanical transmission devices, in particular to a speed reducer. The gearbox comprises a first box body and a second box body which are matched with each other, an input shaft, a first-stage planetary transmission assembly, a second-stage planetary transmission assembly and an output shaft are sequentially arranged in the gearbox from top to bottom, all the parts are sequentially in transmission connection, and efficient transmission is achieved through a plurality of planet wheels and teeth on the inner walls of the box bodies. According to the speed reducer, by optimizing the design of a transmission structure, the transmission efficiency and the bearing capacity are improved, meanwhile, noise and vibration are reduced, and the speed reducer is suitable for various kinds of high-precision and high-performance mechanical equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reducers, and in particular to a reducer. Background Art

[0002] Planetary reducers are widely used in industrial automation, precision machinery and other fields. Their main function is to convert the high-speed rotation of the motor into a low-speed, high-torque output suitable for mechanical equipment. With the continuous development of modern manufacturing, the demand for planetary reducers continues to increase, and their performance and reliability directly affect the operating efficiency and stability of the entire system. Therefore, how to improve the transmission stability of planetary reducers, reduce noise, and enhance impact resistance has become the focus of research.

[0003] In the existing planetary reducer design, a variety of methods are usually used to improve the stability of transmission and reduce noise. Common methods include but are not limited to: using high-precision gear manufacturing technology to optimize the gear tooth shape and module; using a multi-stage planetary transmission structure to disperse stress by increasing the number of gears and reducing the load of a single gear; using high-performance bearings and lubrication systems to reduce friction loss and wear; using an integrated design to improve the matching accuracy between components. These methods have improved the performance of planetary reducers to a certain extent, but there are still some shortcomings in practical applications.

[0004] Although the above method improves the performance of the planetary reducer to a certain extent, there are still some problems in the prior art. For example, the traditional planetary reducer is prone to generate loud noise when running at high speed, especially after long-term operation, due to the slight deviation and wear of the gears, the transmission is not smooth, which further aggravates the noise problem. In addition, when the existing planetary reducer is subjected to a large impact load, its internal gears and bearings are prone to damage, which reduces the service life of the equipment. These problems limit the application scope of the planetary reducer under high-precision and high-load conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that traditional planetary reducers in the prior art easily generate loud noise when running at high speed, and their internal gears and bearings are easily damaged when subjected to large impact loads, thereby reducing the service life of the equipment, the present application provides a reducer.

[0006] A reducer provided in the present application adopts the following technical solution: a reducer, comprising a first housing and a second housing that match each other, wherein an input shaft, a first-stage planetary transmission assembly, a second-stage planetary transmission assembly and an output shaft are sequentially arranged inside the first housing and the second housing from top to bottom, the input shaft, the first-stage planetary transmission assembly, the second-stage planetary transmission assembly and the output shaft are sequentially connected in transmission, a first sun gear is integrally formed on the input shaft on a side facing the first-stage planetary transmission assembly, at least three first planetary gears meshing with the first sun gear are arranged on the first-stage planetary transmission assembly, a second sun gear is integrally formed on the first-stage planetary transmission assembly on a side facing the second-stage planetary transmission assembly, at least three second planetary gears meshing with the second sun gear are arranged on the second-stage planetary transmission assembly, and teeth meshing with the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear are arranged on the inner wall of the second housing.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the reducer realizes efficient and stable torque transmission, which is specifically manifested in that the input shaft and the first sun gear are integrally formed, ensuring the precise meshing between the input end and the first-stage planetary gear, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and reliability; the first-stage planetary gear and the second-stage sun gear are integrally formed, further ensuring the precise meshing between the two-stage planetary gears, reducing the transmission error and improving the overall stability of the system; the output shaft and the second planetary gear bracket are integrally formed, thereby enhancing the rigidity and stability of the output end and reducing vibration and noise; the teeth arranged on the inner wall of the inner gear box mesh with the planetary gears of each stage, thereby ensuring the coordinated work between the various components, avoiding unnecessary wear and extending the service life; the overall structural design is compact, which improves the space utilization rate, while ensuring the concentricity of the output end and the inner teeth, thereby reducing the noise during high-speed operation.

[0008] Optionally, the first box body and the second box body are integrally formed.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the first housing and the second housing are integrally formed, the structural stability of the entire reducer is improved, and the overall concentricity from the input end to the output end is ensured. This structure not only enhances the mechanical strength, but also reduces the vibration and noise caused by assembly errors between components, thereby improving the running stability and service life of the reducer.

[0010] Optionally, the input shaft comprises an input shaft body, a limit key is symmetrically arranged at one end of the input shaft body, a connecting portion is extended outwardly at the other end of the input shaft body, and the first sun gear is integrally formed at the end of the connecting portion.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the limit key symmetrically arranged at one end of the input shaft body can effectively prevent the input shaft from axial movement during the transmission process, thereby improving the stability of the input shaft; the connecting part extending outwardly from the other end of the input shaft body and the first sun gear integrally formed at its end ensure a reliable connection between the input shaft and the first-stage planetary transmission assembly, thereby enhancing the transmission efficiency and reliability of the entire reducer.

[0012] Optionally, a mounting groove is provided in the middle of the input shaft body along the circumferential direction, and a bearing is embedded in the mounting groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a mounting groove is opened circumferentially in the middle of the input shaft body, and a bearing is embedded in the mounting groove, which can effectively reduce the friction during the rotation of the input shaft, improve the transmission efficiency, and extend the service life; at the same time, the bearing is embedded in the mounting groove, which effectively realizes the axial limitation between the bearing and the input shaft body, avoids the axial movement of the bearing and the input shaft body, improves the stability of the overall structure, and reduces the vibration and noise during high-speed operation.

[0014] Optionally, the first-stage planetary transmission assembly includes a first planetary gear bracket, a connecting shaft extending outward from the middle of one side surface of the first planetary gear bracket, the second sun gear is integrally formed with the end of the connecting shaft, and at least three of the first planetary gears are rotatably arranged on the other side of the first planetary gear bracket.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the first-stage planetary transmission assembly of the reducer has higher transmission accuracy and stability. Specifically, the design of the first planetary gear bracket enables it to better support the first planetary gear, reduce vibration and noise, and improve transmission efficiency. The connecting shaft and the second sun gear are integrally formed to ensure the coaxiality between the two, further improving the stability and reliability of the entire transmission system. At the same time, the setting of multiple first planetary gears also enhances the load capacity of the system, enabling the reducer to work stably under higher loads.

[0016] Optionally, a threaded hole is provided on the first planetary gear bracket corresponding to the first planetary gear, and a first pin shaft is threadedly connected to the first planetary gear bracket through the threaded hole. A first positioning pin is sleeved on the outer side of the first pin shaft, and the first planetary gear rotates sleeved on the outer side of the first positioning pin. The upper ends of the first pin shaft and the first positioning pin both extend outward so that the cross-section is T-shaped.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a threaded hole is provided on the first planetary gear bracket and a first pin shaft is threadedly connected through the threaded hole. A first locating pin is sleeved on the outer side of the first pin shaft. The first planetary gear rotating sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the first locating pin. The upper ends of the first pin shaft and the first locating pin both extend outward so that the cross-section is T-shaped. Such a structure ensures that the planetary gear has no impact when rotating and the gap is very small, which can effectively prevent the axial movement of the gear, thereby improving the running stability and reliability of the planetary gear and reducing the noise during operation.

[0018] Optionally, the secondary planetary transmission assembly includes a second planetary gear bracket, a threaded hole is provided on the second planetary gear bracket corresponding to the second planetary gear, a second pin shaft is threadedly connected to the second planetary gear bracket through the threaded hole, a second positioning pin is sleeved on the outer side of the second pin shaft, the second planetary gear is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the second positioning pin, and the upper ends of the second pin shaft and the second positioning pin both extend outward so that the cross-section is T-shaped.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the secondary planetary transmission assembly of the planetary reducer is connected to the second pin shaft through the threaded hole on the second planetary gear bracket, and a second locating pin is sleeved on the outside. The second planetary gear is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the second locating pin, and the upper ends of the second pin shaft and the second locating pin extend outward in a T shape. This structural design can ensure that the planetary gear has no impact and the gap is very small during rotation, effectively prevents axial movement of the gear, improves the stability and impact resistance of the planetary gear, and thus further improves the operating stability and service life of the entire reducer.

[0020] Optionally, the output shaft and the second planetary gear support are integrally formed.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the output shaft and the second planetary gear bracket are integrally formed, which ensures the coaxiality between the output shaft and the planetary gear, improves the stability during the transmission process, reduces the vibration and noise caused by axial or radial deviation, and further improves the overall performance of the planetary reducer.

[0022] Optionally, an axial hole is provided at one end of the output shaft away from the secondary planetary transmission assembly, and a key groove is provided on one side of the inner wall of the axial hole.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, an axial hole is set at the end of the output shaft away from the secondary planetary transmission assembly, and a keyway is set on one side of the inner wall of the axial hole, which can effectively improve the connection reliability between the output shaft and the external equipment, ensure that the force transmission during the transmission process is more accurate and smooth, and reduce transmission errors and equipment failures caused by loose connections.

[0024] Optionally, at least two bearings are sleeved on the outer side of the output shaft, and a retaining ring groove for embedding a retaining ring is provided on the outer surface of the end of the output shaft, and the retaining ring limits the bearing axially.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, at least two bearings are provided on the outer side of the output shaft, which can effectively reduce the friction when the output shaft rotates, improve the transmission efficiency and extend the service life; the outer surface of the end of the output shaft is provided with a retaining ring groove for embedding the retaining ring, and the retaining ring axially limits the bearing to ensure that the bearing will not move axially during operation, thereby further improving the stability and reliability of the transmission system.

[0026] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The integrated design of the first and second housings ensures the overall concentricity from the input end to the output end, improves the stability of the transmission system, and reduces noise during high-speed rotation; 2. The planetary gears are fixed with T-shaped positioning pins and T-shaped copper pins, which ensures that the planetary gears have no impact when rotating, and the gap is very small, which effectively prevents the axial movement of the gears and improves the stability and impact resistance of the transmission; 3. The sun gear and planet gear mounting surface of the secondary transmission are an integrated structure, which ensures the concentricity of the sun gear and the planet gear, avoids the problems of unstable transmission and high noise caused by the traditional split structure, and further improves the stability and reliability of the reducer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a reducer in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the input shaft structure of a reducer in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first-stage planetary transmission assembly of a reducer in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage planetary transmission assembly of a reducer in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. first housing; 2. second housing; 3. input shaft; 31. input shaft body; 32. limit key; 33. mounting groove; 34. connecting part; 35. first sun gear; 4. primary planetary transmission assembly; 41. first planetary gear bracket; 42. first planetary gear; 43. first pin shaft; 44. first locating pin; 45. connecting shaft; 46. second sun gear; 5. secondary planetary transmission assembly; 51. second planetary gear bracket; 52. second planetary gear; 53. second pin shaft; 54. second locating pin 6. bearing; 7. output shaft; 71. shaft hole; 72. keyway; 73. retaining spring groove; 8. tooth; 9. retaining spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is an explanation of the implementation of the present application by means of specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0033] See also Figure 1-4 . It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the restrictive conditions for the implementation of this application, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of this application. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of this application without substantially changing the technical content.

[0034] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0035] This embodiment discloses a reducer.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 A reducer includes a first housing 1 and a second housing 2. The first housing 1 and the second housing 2 are integrally formed and a cavity is opened in the middle for installing an input shaft 3, a first-stage planetary transmission assembly 4, a second-stage planetary transmission assembly 5 and an output shaft 7. The input shaft 3, the first-stage planetary transmission assembly 4, the second-stage planetary transmission assembly 5 and the output shaft 7 are installed in the first housing 1 and the second housing 2 from top to bottom.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The input shaft 3 includes an input shaft body 31, an outer surface of the input shaft body 31 is provided with a mounting groove 33 along the circumferential direction, a bearing 6 is embedded in the mounting groove 33, the input shaft 3 is clamped in the first housing 1, the bearing 6 is arranged between the first housing 1 and the input shaft body 31, one end of the side wall of the first housing 1 connected with the bearing 6 is arranged in a step shape, and the other end is provided with a retaining spring for limiting the bearing 6, because the bearing 6 is embedded in the mounting groove 33 set on the input shaft body 31, and the side wall of the first housing 1 is connected with the bearing 6 The joint is arranged in a stepped shape and a retaining spring is arranged, thereby realizing axial fixation of the input shaft 3, avoiding axial movement of the input shaft 3, and improving transmission accuracy. Two limit keys 32 are arranged in the middle of one side of the input shaft body 31 to facilitate connection of the input device. A connecting portion 34 is extended outwardly from the other side of the input shaft body 31. The diameter of the connecting portion 34 gradually decreases to form a cone. A first sun gear 35 is integrally formed at the end of the connecting portion 34. The first sun gear 35 is integrally formed with the connecting portion 34, thereby ensuring the concentricity of the first sun gear 35 and the input shaft 3.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The first-stage planetary transmission assembly 4 is arranged inside the second housing 2, and the connection between the first housing 1 and the second housing 2 is arranged in a step shape, so as to limit the axial position of the first-stage planetary transmission assembly 4, and the first-stage planetary transmission assembly 4 includes a first planetary gear bracket 41, and three first planetary gears 42 are arranged on the side of the first planetary gear bracket 41 facing the first sun gear 35, and the first sun gear 35 is meshed with the three first planetary gears 42. A threaded hole is arranged on the first planetary gear bracket 41 corresponding to the first planetary gears 42, and a first pin shaft 43 is threadedly connected to the first planetary gear bracket 41 through the threaded hole. A first locating pin 44 is sleeved on the outer side of the first pin shaft 43, and the first planetary gear 42 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the first locating pin 44. The upper ends of the first pin shaft 43 and the first locating pin 44 extend outward so that the cross-section is T-shaped, and teeth 8 meshing with the first planetary gear 42 are arranged on the inner wall of the second housing 2, and a connecting shaft 45 is extended outward from the middle of the other side surface of the first planetary gear bracket 41, and the second sun gear 46 is integrally formed with the end of the connecting shaft 45.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4The secondary planetary transmission assembly 5 includes a second planetary gear bracket 51, on which three second planetary gears 52 are arranged, the second sun gear is meshed with the three second planetary gears 52, the three second planetary gears 52 are meshed with the teeth 8 on the inner wall of the second housing 2, the second planetary gear bracket 51 is provided with threaded holes corresponding to the second planetary gears 52, the second planetary gear bracket 51 is threadedly connected with a second pin shaft 53 through the threaded holes, the outer side of the second pin shaft 53 is sleeved with a second positioning pin 54, the second planetary gear 52 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the second positioning pin 54, the second sun gear is meshed with the three second planetary gears 52 ... The upper ends of the second pin shaft 53 and the second locating pin 54 extend outward so that the cross-section is T-shaped. The output shaft 7 is integrally formed with the second planetary gear bracket 51. An axial hole 71 is provided at the end of the output shaft 7 away from the secondary planetary transmission assembly 5. A key groove 72 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the axial hole 71. Two bearings 6 are sleeved on the outer side of the output shaft 7. A retaining ring groove 73 for embedding a retaining ring 9 is provided on the outer surface of the end of the output shaft 7. The retaining ring 9 limits the axial position of the bearing 6 in the axial direction. The connection between the inner wall of the second housing 2 and the bearing 6 is set in a step shape to achieve axial limitation of the bearing 6 and the output shaft 7.

[0040] In summary, the integrated design of the first housing and the second housing in this application ensures the overall concentricity from the input end to the output end, improves the stability of the transmission system, and reduces the noise during high-speed rotation; the planetary gears are fixed with T-shaped positioning pins and T-shaped copper pins, ensuring that the planetary gears are impact-free during rotation, with very small gaps, effectively preventing the axial movement of the gears, and improving the stability and impact resistance of the transmission; the sun gear and the planetary gear mounting surface of the secondary transmission are an integrated structure, ensuring the concentricity of the sun gear and the planetary gear, avoiding the problems of unstable transmission and high noise caused by the traditional split structure, and further improving the stability and reliability of the reducer. Therefore, this application effectively overcomes the various shortcomings in the prior art and has a high industrial utilization value.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present application shall still be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A reducer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first housing (1) and a second housing (2) which match each other, wherein an input shaft (3), a first-stage planetary transmission assembly (4), a second-stage planetary transmission assembly (5) and an output shaft (7) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom inside the first housing (1) and the second housing (2), wherein the input shaft (3), the first-stage planetary transmission assembly (4), the second-stage planetary transmission assembly (5) and the output shaft (7) are sequentially connected in transmission, and a first sun gear (35) is integrally formed on a side of the input shaft (3) facing the first-stage planetary transmission assembly (4). The first-stage planetary transmission assembly (4) is provided with at least three first planetary gears (42) meshing with the first sun gear (35); a second sun gear (46) is integrally formed on a side of the first-stage planetary transmission assembly (4) facing the second-stage planetary transmission assembly (5); the second-stage planetary transmission assembly (5) is provided with at least three second planetary gears (52) meshing with the second sun gear (46); and teeth (8) meshing with the first planetary gears (42) and the second planetary gears (52) are provided on the inner wall of the second housing (2).

2. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first box body (1) and the second box body (2) are integrally formed.

3. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input shaft (3) comprises an input shaft body (31), a limit key (32) being symmetrically arranged at one end of the input shaft body (31), a connecting portion (34) extending outwardly at the other end of the input shaft body (31), and the first sun gear (35) being integrally formed at the end of the connecting portion (34).

4. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting groove (33) is provided in the middle of the input shaft body (31) along the circumferential direction, and a bearing (6) is embedded in the mounting groove (33).

5. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage planetary transmission assembly (4) comprises a first planetary gear support (41), a connecting shaft (45) extending outwardly from the middle of a surface of one side of the first planetary gear support (41), the second sun gear (46) and the end of the connecting shaft (45) being integrally formed, and at least three of the first planetary gears (42) being rotatably arranged on the other side of the first planetary gear support (41).

6. A reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first planetary gear support (41) is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the first planetary gear (42); a first pin shaft (43) is threadedly connected to the first planetary gear support (41) through the threaded hole; a first positioning pin (44) is sleeved on the outer side of the first pin shaft (43); the first planetary gear (42) is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the first positioning pin (44); and the upper ends of the first pin shaft (43) and the first positioning pin (44) both extend outwards so that the cross section is T-shaped.

7. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary planetary transmission assembly (5) comprises a second planetary gear support (51), the second planetary gear support (51) is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the second planetary gear (52), the second planetary gear support (51) is threadedly connected with a second pin shaft (53) through the threaded hole, a second positioning pin (54) is sleeved on the outer side of the second pin shaft (53), the second planetary gear (52) is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the second positioning pin (54), and the upper ends of the second pin shaft (53) and the second positioning pin (54) both extend outwards so that the cross section is T-shaped.

8. A reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The output shaft (7) and the second planetary gear support (51) are integrally formed.

9. A reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: An end of the output shaft (7) away from the secondary planetary transmission assembly (5) is provided with an axial hole (71), and a keyway (72) is provided on one side of the inner wall of the axial hole (71).

10. A reducer according to claim 9, characterized in that: At least two bearings (6) are sleeved on the outside of the output shaft (7), and a retaining ring groove (73) for embedding a retaining ring (9) is provided on the outer surface of the end of the output shaft (7), and the retaining ring (9) limits the axial position of the bearing (6).

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