Multi-mode converged communication system suitable for long tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-mode converged communication system suitable for a long tunnel, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering. According to the invention, the plurality of base stations supporting UWB, broadband communication and narrowband communication at the same time are arranged in the tunnel, in the aspect of communication, the advantages of various communication modes can be brought into full play, and after a networking device collects data, the communication technology with the highest efficiency can be selected for transmission according to different data types; in the aspect of positioning, an ultra wide band (UWB) wireless communication technology is adopted, a high-precision positioning service can be provided for related networking equipment in a tunnel, and therefore on the basis of low cost, a positioning service and a multi-system communication service are provided for tunnel engineering at the same time. Besides, through the combination of wired and / or wireless networking technologies, stable and efficient signal transmission is provided for unmanned or few-people networking equipment in the moving process, meanwhile, the networking equipment is more flexible when accessing a base station, and good application and popularization prospects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular to a multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel construction, in order to ensure that relevant perception data in the tunnel can be uploaded to the data center smoothly, communication facilities are usually deployed in the tunnel to transmit data collected by sensors to the data center outside the tunnel. However, in related technologies, communication facilities and positioning facilities are usually deployed independently of each other. There are usually two solutions for deploying communication facilities. One is to adopt the operator's solution, which only covers a small area near the face and has high deployment costs. The other is to customize a private network, which generally uses a wireless LAN, which is also expensive. The deployment of positioning facilities is usually less than 100 meters apart and is wired. For long tunnels, the deployment workload is large, and the number of deployed equipment is large, making operation and maintenance more difficult.

[0003] Therefore, how to reduce costs while ensuring the stability of signal coverage in tunnels and provide dual services of communication and positioning at the same time is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide a multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long and large tunnels, aiming to solve the technical problem of how to reduce costs while ensuring the stability of signal coverage in the tunnel and providing dual services of communication and positioning at the same time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present application proposes a multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels. The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels includes: A plurality of networked devices, wherein the networked devices are arranged in the tunnel, and the networked devices support at least one of ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, broadband communication technology, and narrowband communication technology; wherein the communication technology used by the networked devices when sending monitoring data is related to the type of data; and A plurality of base stations are arranged at different positions of the tunnel at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, and the base stations are used to forward the monitoring data to a data center outside the tunnel when the monitoring data sent by the networked device is received; the base stations support ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, broadband communication technology and narrowband communication technology, and the plurality of base stations are wirelessly and / or wired networked.

[0006] In some embodiments, the multiple base stations include wired base stations and trolley wireless base stations, and the multiple wired base stations are arranged at intervals in the secondary lining section of the tunnel along the extension direction of the tunnel, and each of the wired base stations is connected to the data center via a communication cable, and the trolley wireless base station is arranged on a trolley in the tunnel; wherein the wired base station and the trolley wireless base station that are closest to each other are connected via wireless communication.

[0007] In some embodiments, each of the wired base stations is connected to the data center via an optical fiber.

[0008] In some embodiments, a plurality of the wired base stations are arranged at intervals in the secondary lining section of the tunnel along the extension direction of the tunnel.

[0009] In some embodiments, the multiple base stations also include at least one initial support section wireless base station, the initial support section wireless base station is arranged in the initial support section of the tunnel, and the multiple initial support section wireless base stations and the trolley wireless base station are connected through wireless communication.

[0010] In some embodiments, when the type of monitoring data collected by the networked device is personnel location information and / or equipment location information, the networked device is also used to send the personnel location information and / or equipment location information to the base station via ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology or narrowband communication technology.

[0011] In some embodiments, when the monitoring data type collected by the networked device is media data and / or first target data, the networked device is also used to send the media data and / or first target data to the base station via broadband communication technology, wherein the sampling rate of the first target data is greater than a preset value.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the monitoring data type collected by the networked device is second target data, the networked device is also used to send the second target data to the base station via broadband communication technology and / or narrowband communication technology, wherein the sampling rate of the second target data is less than or equal to the preset value.

[0013] In some embodiments, the broadband communication technology is a wireless local area network communication technology, and the wireless local area network of the base station supports working in multiple frequency bands at the same time, and supports multiple networked devices to access the base station at the same time through multi-user multiple-input multiple-output technology.

[0014] In some embodiments, the narrowband communication technology is a long-range low-power radio communication technology.

[0015] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects: By distributing multiple base stations that support ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, broadband communication technology, and narrowband communication technology in the tunnel, the dual functions of communication and positioning are achieved. In terms of communication, after the networked device collects data, it can select the most efficient communication technology for transmission according to the different data types; in terms of positioning, the present application adopts ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, which can provide high-precision positioning services for related networked devices in the tunnel. In addition, the present application combines wired and / or wireless networking technology to make the access of networked devices more flexible. The present application can not only ensure the efficiency and accuracy of data transmission, provide more flexible and stable signal coverage for tunnel projects, but also provide a variety of optional communication solutions for different communication equipment at the same time, reducing the deployment cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 3 A specific application schematic diagram of a multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0019] The purpose, features and advantages of this application will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0021] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] The main solution of the embodiment of the present application is: using multiple networking devices and multiple base stations to establish a multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long and large tunnels, wherein the networking device is arranged in the tunnel, and the networking device supports at least one of ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, broadband communication technology and narrowband communication technology; wherein the communication technology used by the networking device when sending monitoring data is related to the data type; multiple base stations are arranged at different positions in the tunnel at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, and the base station is used to forward the monitoring data to a data center outside the tunnel when receiving the monitoring data sent by the networking device; the base station supports ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, broadband communication technology and narrowband communication technology, and multiple base stations are wirelessly and / or wired networked.

[0023] In the related technologies, during the tunnel drilling and blasting construction process, how to stably obtain various sensory data (such as communication data and positioning data) in the tunnel is a key to the success of the construction. In order to ensure the smooth acquisition of relevant data in the tunnel, communication facilities and positioning facilities are usually deployed in the tunnel to transmit the data collected by sensors to the data center outside the tunnel.

[0024] In the related art, there are usually two solutions for laying out communication facilities. One is to adopt the operator's solution. The operator's network solution is expensive and generally only covers the area near the face (generally within 2km) to ensure construction safety, and it is difficult to cover the entire tunnel. The other is a private network, which is generally only laid out using a wireless local area network, with a single transmission mode and high operation and maintenance costs. It is understandable that the signal coverage of a wireless local area network is small. In order to ensure the coverage area, the laying density of communication facilities (such as base stations) will be large, which also leads to high costs.

[0025] In summary, how to reduce costs while ensuring the stability of signal coverage in tunnels and provide dual services of communication and positioning is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0026] Based on this, the present application provides a solution that reduces costs while ensuring stable signal coverage in the tunnel and providing both communication and positioning services.

[0027] To facilitate understanding, a brief introduction to the tunnel construction scenario is given here.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the process of tunnel drilling and blasting construction includes multiple construction stages. Taking one of the excavation processes as an example, the rightmost side of the tunnel is the heading face, that is, the working face that continuously advances forward in the tunnel project. The tunnel is divided into a secondary lining section and an initial support section. The secondary lining section is a cast-in-place concrete or reinforced concrete lining implemented on the inner side of the initial support section during tunnel construction. Together with the initial support, it forms a composite lining. The secondary lining section is equipped with communication, lighting, monitoring and other facilities. Initial support refers to the support measures implemented after the tunnel is excavated to initially stabilize the geotechnical structure. It can be understood that in tunnel engineering, excavation construction is carried out in the direction shown in the figure.

[0029] In tunnel engineering, there are many workers and equipment facilities, such as workers' vital signs monitoring equipment, workers' positioning equipment, related sensing equipment at various locations (such as strain, displacement, pressure sensors, etc.), mobile monitoring equipment of trolleys, etc. Some equipment moves with workers or trolleys, and some equipment is fixed at specific locations in the tunnel. In order to enable the data collected by these devices to be stably transmitted outside the tunnel, communication facilities are usually laid inside the tunnel to perform data transmission.

[0030] As mentioned above, most of the communication facilities currently used are provided by operators. Operators can provide stable networking and data transmission capabilities, but the fees of operators are high, and the solutions of operators are generally concentrated in the construction section, that is, near the face, focusing on protecting construction safety, while other locations in the tunnel are difficult to fully cover. This makes it difficult for other locations in the tunnel to have no signal available, which is inconvenient for the positioning of workers and the acquisition of vital signs information.

[0031] Another way to establish signal network coverage through a private network is usually to use broadband communication technology, that is, deploy WIFI modules in base stations and establish communication connections with networked devices through WIFI. However, since the signal coverage of WIFI is very limited, base stations must be very close to each other to achieve complete signal coverage, and the deployment cost is high.

[0032] Furthermore, in the related art, communication facilities and positioning facilities are provided separately, which further increases the cost on the basis of the above-mentioned problems.

[0033] Therefore, the present application designs a multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels in the following embodiments to solve the above technical problems in the scenario of tunnel engineering.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2The structure diagram of the multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for a long tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The multi-mode fusion communication system 100 suitable for a long tunnel may include multiple networking devices 110 and multiple base stations 120.

[0035] For ease of understanding, the following will explain the multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels provided in this embodiment without distinguishing between various construction sections in the tunnel.

[0036] A plurality of networked devices 110 are arranged in the tunnel and support at least one of ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, broadband communication technology and narrowband communication technology; wherein the communication technology used by the networked device 110 when sending monitoring data is related to the data type.

[0037] Multiple base stations 120 are arranged at different positions in the tunnel at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel. The base stations are used to forward monitoring data to a data center outside the tunnel when receiving monitoring data sent by networked devices. The base stations support ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, broadband communication technology and narrowband communication technology, and multiple base stations are wirelessly and / or wired networked.

[0038] Specifically, regardless of the type, networked devices in the tunnel need to perform data collection. The collected data needs to be transmitted to a data center outside the tunnel through a base station for centralized processing. Therefore, the present application designs data transmission through multiple base stations as intermediaries.

[0039] Ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology refers to a wireless communication technology that uses a very wide frequency bandwidth for data transmission. The main features of UWB technology include high precision, low power consumption, high security and strong anti-multipath interference ability. It can usually be used for high-precision positioning of people or objects.

[0040] Broadband communication technology refers to a wireless communication technology that uses high bandwidth for data transmission. Its main feature is that it can provide a larger bandwidth and a faster transmission rate, and is suitable for transmitting larger amounts of data. As a typical example, the broadband communication technology used in this embodiment may be a wireless LAN (Wireless Fidelity, WiFi) technology, such as WiFi5, WiFi6, etc.

[0041] In some embodiments, WiFi can operate in multiple frequency bands (e.g., 2.4 GHz band and 5.8 GHz band) simultaneously, and support multiple networked devices to access the base station simultaneously through multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) technology, thereby ensuring the concurrent processing capability of the base station.

[0042] In some implementations, the WiFi module of the base station may also be configured with multiple channels, so that bandwidth can be flexibly allocated according to the size of data actually transmitted, thereby achieving a better transmission rate.

[0043] Narrowband communication technology refers to a wireless communication technology that uses a specific modem to transmit signals and uses specific narrowband modulation, such as frequency modulation, amplitude modulation, and pulse modulation. The main features of narrowband communication are low power consumption, low cost, low speed, low latency, low bandwidth, and high security, and it is suitable for medium and long distance transmission of smaller data. As a typical example, the narrowband communication technology used in this embodiment is the long-range low-power radio communication (Long Range Radio, LoRa) technology; in other embodiments, narrowband communication technology may also include Sigfox, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0044] In this embodiment, the above three wireless communication technologies are integrated on the same base station, so that the networked devices can transmit the collected data to the base station in an optimal manner, achieving lower power consumption and faster speed; and can also simultaneously realize the dual services of data transmission and positioning.

[0045] Specifically, the data collected by the networked devices can be pre-divided into multiple monitoring data types according to their uses.

[0046] In some embodiments, the monitoring data types may include: personnel location information, which is used to monitor the precise location of the staff; equipment location information, which is used to monitor the precise location of the equipment; media data, which is used to visually monitor the working environment; first target data, which is data with a sampling rate greater than a preset value. It can be understood that a sampling rate greater than a preset value indicates that the data needs to be continuously transmitted in a relatively real-time state; second target data, which is data with a sampling rate less than or equal to a preset value. The first target data and the second target data are generally obtained by sensors and are usually used to collect relevant physical data in the tunnel (such as temperature, humidity, oxygen content, dust content, etc.).

[0047] The staff can configure the networked devices in advance according to the above classification rules.

[0048] Personnel location information is closely related to the life safety of workers, and must be positioned as accurately as possible. In some implementations, a positioning device (such as a UWB tag) can be integrated into a worker's wearable device such as a helmet to obtain the worker's precise location.

[0049] Equipment location information is similar to personnel location information, but equipment positioning requirements can have priorities. For example, some special equipment requires precise positioning, while some equipment only requires rough positioning. They can be pre-set according to actual needs. For equipment that requires precise positioning, positioning devices (such as UWB tags) can be integrated for them.

[0050] The amount of media data is large, the bandwidth required for transmission is large, and a certain transmission rate needs to be guaranteed. In some embodiments, it can be acquired through cameras installed in the tunnel, wearable devices with integrated camera devices worn by workers (such as cameras integrated on helmets), and other devices. Generally, media data can include video, audio, and pictures.

[0051] First target data The sensor data includes first target data and second target data, the first target data refers to data with a sampling rate greater than a preset value, and the second target data refers to data with a sampling rate less than or equal to a preset value. In some embodiments, the preset value can be a value preset by the staff, for example, it can be set to 1. It is understandable that in order to ensure the personal safety of the staff, corresponding sensors can be set on the wearable devices of the staff to detect the physiological state of the staff, such as body temperature, blood pressure, heartbeat, etc. These data that need to be uploaded in real time are included in the first target data. The basic physical data in the tunnel can be obtained through devices such as strain sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, etc. in the tunnel, some of which need to be uploaded in real time, and some can be uploaded once at intervals, that is, there are both first target data and second target data. It is understandable that the bandwidth required for the first target data is greater than that for the second target data.

[0052] Based on the above classification, combined with the three communication technologies integrated in the aforementioned base station, the various situations of data transmission can be divided into the following: ① When the type of monitoring data collected by the networked device is personnel location information or equipment location information, the networked device sends the personnel location information to the base station through either ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology or narrowband communication technology.

[0053] ② In the case where the type of monitoring data collected by the networked device is media data, the networked device sends the media data to the base station through broadband communication technology.

[0054] ③ When the type of monitoring data collected by the networked device is the first target data, the networked device sends the sensor data to the base station through broadband communication technology.

[0055] ④ When the type of monitoring data collected by the networked device is the second target data, the networked device sends the sensor data to the base station through narrowband communication technology.

[0056] Based on this, this embodiment can give full play to the advantages of different communication technologies.

[0057] Through the above ①, after the device obtains the data related to positioning, it can send the data to the nearest base station through UWB technology or narrowband communication technology. Taking the use of UWB technology as an example, the UWB tag on the worker's helmet can intermittently send pulse data to the nearest base station. Since the base station supports UWB communication technology, when receiving the signal from the UWB tag, it measures the signal arrival time or time difference, and then transmits it to the data center outside the tunnel for further processing, thereby realizing accurate positioning of the staff. Taking narrowband communication technology as an example, in order to achieve longer battery life, data can be sent through narrowband communication technology. By taking advantage of the low power consumption of narrowband communication technology, while achieving positioning, it can extend the battery life of the device.

[0058] According to the above ②, taking the example of a worker's helmet with a camera integrated in it, the helmet also has a WIFI transmission module integrated in it. The camera can collect video images in real time, and after encoding, send the video data to the nearest base station through the WIFI transmission module. After receiving the video data, the base station forwards it to the data center, which decodes, stores and analyzes it.

[0059] Through the above ③, the first target data needs to be transmitted to the data center in real time for processing, and a larger bandwidth is required to support the real-time transmission of data. Therefore, WIFI is used for communication to ensure the real-time nature of the data.

[0060] According to the above ④, the amount of the second target data is small, and the real-time requirements are relatively low, so it can be transmitted using narrowband communication technology with lower power consumption and more stability. Specifically, the second target data can be converted into a LoRa signal through the LoRa module integrated on the device, and then sent to the nearest base station through the wireless network. After the base station receives the LoRa signal, it parses and restores the second target data and transmits it to the data center.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, based on the above description, the multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels provided in this embodiment will be comprehensively explained based on different construction sections of the tunnel project.

[0062] like Figure 1As shown, the tunnel includes a secondary lining section, an initial support section, a trolley and a tunnel face. In some embodiments, the multiple base stations can be divided into wired base stations and wireless base stations. As the name implies, the wired base stations are base stations connected to each other by wires, and the wireless base stations are base stations connected to each other wirelessly.

[0063] As mentioned above, in the secondary lining section, since the tunnel construction has been mostly completed, multiple base stations in the secondary lining section can be directly connected by wire through communication cables. In some embodiments, each wired base station in the secondary lining section is connected to a data center outside the tunnel through an optical fiber.

[0064] It is understandable that optical fiber, i.e., optical fiber, is a fiber made of high-purity glass or plastic, has extremely high light transmittance, and can fully reflect light internally, thereby achieving long-distance, low-loss transmission of optical signals. It is precisely because of the long-distance, low-loss characteristics of optical fiber that it is very suitable for wired communications in long tunnel projects. In this embodiment, the wired base station is connected through optical fiber, so that the data received by the base station can be sent to the data center at an extremely fast rate and extremely low loss, ensuring the timeliness of data transmission.

[0065] In some embodiments, a plurality of wired base stations are evenly spaced in the secondary lining section of the tunnel along the extension direction of the tunnel. Before deploying the wired base stations, the staff can first measure the coverage of the communication technology supported by the base stations to determine the deployment spacing between the wired base stations.

[0066] Specifically, since the coverage range of UWB is smaller and the coverage range of WiFi is larger than that of UWB, in order to balance the coverage range of the base station, in some embodiments, a high-gain directional antenna can be designed for UWB. It is understandable that tunnels are generally long and narrow scenes, and the signal range of UWB is divergent, and a part of the coverage range is meaningless. Therefore, high-gain directional antennas can be designed specifically for UWB to make its signal coverage range larger in a specific direction, so as to adapt to the specific application scenario of the tunnel. In some verified examples, by adopting this embodiment, the comprehensive coverage range of the base station in the direction of the tunnel can reach 300 meters, that is, a wired base station can be deployed every 300 meters.

[0067] Based on this, the staff can comprehensively consider the coverage of UWB and WiFi, determine the layout spacing between wired base stations, and based on the layout spacing, evenly layout multiple wired base stations in the secondary lining section.

[0068] As mentioned above, in the initial support section, trolley and near the tunnel face, since the excavation work has not been completed, it is difficult to lay cables and they are easily damaged during the excavation process. Figure 1As shown in the figure, when the trolley is excavating towards the tunnel face, it is obviously impossible to deploy a fixed wired base station on the trolley due to the fixed length of the cable. In the gap at one end between the trolley and the tunnel face (in the initial support section), it is also impossible to deploy a wired base station due to the excavation work involved and the possible traction caused by the movement of the trolley.

[0069] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application designs data transmission through a wireless base station to improve the flexibility of base station deployment. Specifically, the wireless base station may include a trolley wireless base station and an initial support section wireless base station.

[0070] In some embodiments, the trolley base station can be set on the trolley in the tunnel, and different trolley base stations can be connected through wireless mesh networking. It is understandable that in order to ensure the continuity of data transmission, the nearest wired base station and the trolley wireless base station are connected through wireless communication, so as to ensure that the data obtained by the trolley base station can be transmitted to the optical fiber in a wireless manner.

[0071] In some embodiments, the initial support section wireless base station can be set in the initial support section of the tunnel, and multiple initial support section wireless base stations are also connected through wireless mesh networking. Among them, the trolley base station and the initial support section wireless base station are both communicatively connected to each other.

[0072] Based on the above system, any networked device can send data to the nearest base station according to the communication technology determined in the above manner while collecting data. If the nearest base station is a wireless base station, the wireless base station can transmit the data to the nearest wired base station by wireless means, and then transmit it to the data center via optical fiber; if the nearest base station is a wired base station, it can be directly transmitted to the data center via optical fiber.

[0073] It is understandable that there is generally a handshake mechanism in the data transmission process. When the data fails to be transmitted to the nearest base station (i.e., the handshake fails), the networked device can also search for other adjacent base stations near this base station to try to transmit until the transmission is successful. It is understandable that if there is no base station that can transmit within the range, this set of data will be lost.

[0074] The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels provided in this embodiment is configured in the tunnel with multiple base stations that support UWB, broadband communication and narrowband communication at the same time. In terms of communication, the present invention can give full play to the advantages of various communication methods. After the networked device collects data, it can select the most efficient communication technology for transmission according to the different data types. In terms of positioning, the present application adopts ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, which can provide high-precision positioning services for related networked devices in the tunnel, thereby providing positioning services and multi-standard communication services for tunnel engineering at the same time on the basis of low cost. In addition, the present application combines wired and / or wireless networking technologies to provide stable and efficient signal transmission for unmanned or less-manned networked devices during movement, and also makes the networked devices more flexible when accessing the base station, which has good application and promotion prospects in unmanned or less-manned tunnel engineering scenarios.

[0075] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels, characterized in that: The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long and large tunnels includes: A plurality of networked devices, wherein the networked devices are arranged in the tunnel, and the networked devices support at least one of ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, broadband communication technology, and narrowband communication technology; wherein the communication technology used by the networked devices when sending monitoring data is related to the type of data; and A plurality of base stations are arranged at different positions of the tunnel at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, and the base stations are used to forward the monitoring data to a data center outside the tunnel when the monitoring data sent by the networked device is received; the base stations support ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology, broadband communication technology and narrowband communication technology, and the plurality of base stations are wirelessly and / or wired networked.

2. The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple base stations include wired base stations and trolley wireless base stations. The multiple wired base stations are arranged at intervals in the secondary lining section of the tunnel along the extension direction of the tunnel. Each of the wired base stations is connected to the data center via a communication cable. The trolley wireless base station is arranged on a trolley in the tunnel. The wired base station and the trolley wireless base station that are closest to each other are connected via wireless communication.

3. The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the wired base stations is connected to the data center via an optical fiber.

4. The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the wired base stations are arranged at intervals in the secondary lining section of the tunnel along the extension direction of the tunnel.

5. The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple base stations also include at least one initial support section wireless base station, and the initial support section wireless base station is arranged in the initial support section of the tunnel, and the multiple initial support section wireless base stations and the trolley wireless base station are connected through wireless communication.

6. The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the monitoring data type collected by the networked device is personnel location information and / or equipment location information, the networked device is also used to send the personnel location information and / or equipment location information to the base station via ultra-wideband wireless communication UWB technology or narrowband communication technology.

7. The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the case where the monitoring data type collected by the networked device is media data and / or first target data, the networked device is also used to send the media data and / or first target data to the base station via broadband communication technology, wherein the sampling rate of the first target data is greater than a preset value.

8. The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: When the monitoring data type collected by the networked device is second target data, the networked device is also used to send the second target data to the base station via broadband communication technology and / or narrowband communication technology, wherein the sampling rate of the second target data is less than or equal to the preset value.

9. The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The broadband communication technology is a wireless local area network communication technology. The wireless local area network of the base station supports working in multiple frequency bands at the same time, and supports multiple networked devices to access the base station at the same time through multi-user multiple-input multiple-output technology.

10. The multi-mode fusion communication system suitable for long tunnels according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The narrowband communication technology is a long-distance low-power radio communication technology.

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