Steel ladle argon blowing control method for smelting high-quality steel rails

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel ladle argon blowing control method for smelting a high-quality steel rail, and belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy. According to the argon blowing control method, process control is conducted from the procedures of converter smelting, LF refining and RH refining. The method can achieve the purpose of molten steel argon blowing stirring, can be applied to the steelmaking process on a large scale, and is easy and convenient to operate and stable in effect. Compared with a traditional steelmaking process, the smelting control level of the high-quality steel rail is guaranteed, the internal cleanliness control level of the steel rail is improved, the inclusion inspection qualification rate of the finished steel rail is larger than or equal to 99.3%, and the NDT flaw detection inspection qualification rate is larger than or equal to 99.4%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of iron and steel metallurgy, and in particular relates to an argon blowing control method for a ladle for smelting high-quality rails. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the railway industry has developed rapidly. By the end of 2023, the total mileage of my country's railways will reach 159,000 kilometers, of which 45,000 kilometers are high-speed railways, ranking first in the world. High-speed railways are becoming a bright business card for contemporary China to go global. Rails, as the main load-bearing components of trains, are the most important factor affecting the safety and stable operation of high-speed railways. With the rapid development of railways, more stringent requirements are placed on the quality of rails. However, in the actual railway operation and the online service of rails, the continuous emergence of quality problems such as partial peeling of rails, flash, and internal nuclear damage has forced some lines to slow down or change rails, seriously endangering the safety of train operation, which is extremely inconsistent with the current rapid and high-quality development of railways. As a high-quality rail production, steelmaking process control is an extremely important process, and the stability of the process control is directly related to the quality of the final product.

[0003] Patent CN202310239090.9 provides a method for controlling hydrogen in molten steel by blowing argon from a ladle during the vacuum production process of heavy rail steel. This patent optimizes the argon blowing process at the bottom of the ladle to reduce the hydrogen content in heavy rail steel. Patent CN202410407821.0 provides an automatic argon docking device for the ladle car of an LF refining furnace. This patent improves the argon blowing effect at the bottom of the ladle by developing a new argon blowing docking device. Both of the above patents optimize the argon blowing pipeline at the bottom of the ladle to enhance the argon blowing effect, but neither of them solves the problem of argon blowing from the source. They only work on how to add connecting devices or pipelines. On the other hand, the innovation of equipment has increased the cost of steelmaking, affecting the overall efficiency of the steel plant. Overall, the above two methods are not the best choice. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, which ensures the smelting control level of high-quality rails and improves the control level of the internal cleanliness of the rails. The qualified rate of inclusion inspection of finished rails is ≥99.3%, and the qualified rate of NDT flaw detection is ≥99.4%.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, wherein the argon blowing control method includes process control of converter smelting, LF refining, and RH refining processes: (1) Converter smelting process: After converter smelting, depending on the final oxygen content, only 1.0-1.5 kg / t of low aluminum silicon calcium barium is added during the steelmaking process for pre-deoxidation, and no other alloys are added; (2) LF refining process: After the molten steel enters the station, the remaining alloy is added according to the target composition requirements of the finished rail product. At the same time, argon blowing and stirring are carried out using a top gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 200-300mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 300-500NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 5-10min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted; (3) RH refining process: 10 minutes before the RH refining station, the top gun position is controlled at 700-800mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 100-200NL / min to promote the full floating of inclusions, and the argon blowing time is controlled at 15-20min to ensure that the inclusions are fully floated.

[0006] In the converter smelting process of the present invention, temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the furnace, and argon blowing and stirring are carried out through a top blowing gun, the insertion depth is controlled at 300-500mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 200-300NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 3-5min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted.

[0007] In the LF refining process of the present invention, during the slag-making process after refining and heating, argon blowing and stirring are continued through the top blowing gun, the insertion depth is controlled at 300-400mm at the bottom of the ladle, and the argon flow rate is controlled at 300-400NL / min to ensure that the slag material is completely melted.

[0008] In the LF refining process of the present invention, 10 minutes before the LF refining station, no slag is added, the top gun position is controlled at 500-700 mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 100-200 NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 5-10 minutes to promote the full floating of inclusions.

[0009] In the RH refining process of the present invention, after the molten steel enters the station, it is directly vacuumed, and no slag is added during the treatment process.

[0010] The qualified rate of inclusion inspection of finished rail products obtained by the method of the present invention is ≥99.3%.

[0011] The qualified rate of NDT flaw detection of finished rails obtained by the method of the present invention is ≥99.4%.

[0012] Compared with the conventional method of improving the argon blowing effect by optimizing and changing the argon blowing system, the present invention takes a unique approach and breaks the conventional thinking. By adding a top gun, argon blowing and stirring are achieved. This not only effectively avoids the poor argon blowing effect caused by reasons such as blocked pipelines, ladle position deviation, and slag falling, but also the top gun is easy to operate and can achieve maximum homogenization of molten steel by changing the gun position.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the present invention can achieve the purpose of argon blowing and stirring of molten steel, can be applied in the steelmaking process on a large scale, is easy to operate and has stable effects. Compared with the traditional steelmaking process, the smelting of the present invention can effectively improve the argon blowing effect in the rail smelting process, and improve the quality of the product and the social and economic benefits. After the process control of the present invention, the qualified rate of the inclusion inspection of the finished rail is ≥99.3%, and the qualified rate of the NDT flaw detection inspection is ≥99.4%. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Example 1

[0015] A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, smelting U71Mn high-speed rail steel, and controlling the process from converter smelting, LF refining, and RH refining. The specific control method is as follows: (1) Converter smelting process: The final oxygen content after converter smelting is 150ppm. During the steelmaking process, 1.0kg / t of low-aluminum silicon calcium barium is added for pre-deoxidation. No other alloys are added. Temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the furnace. At the same time, argon blowing and stirring are carried out through a top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 300mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 200NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 3min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted.

[0016] (2) LF refining process: LF refining treatment, after the molten steel enters the station, the remaining alloy is added according to the target requirements of the finished rail composition, and the top gun is used for argon blowing and stirring. The insertion depth is controlled at 200mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 300NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 5min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted. During the slag making process after the refining and heating is completed, argon blowing and stirring are continued through the top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 300mm at the bottom of the ladle, and the argon flow rate is controlled at 300NL / min to ensure that the slag is completely melted. 10min before the LF refining leaves the station, no feeding operation is performed, the top gun position is controlled at 500mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 100NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 5min to promote the full floating of inclusions.

[0017] (3) RH refining process: During RH refining, after the molten steel enters the station, it is directly vacuumed, and no slag is added during the process. 10 minutes before the RH refining station leaves, the top gun position is controlled at 700mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 100NL / min, to promote the full floating of inclusions, and the argon blowing time is controlled at 15 minutes to ensure that the inclusions are fully floated. After the above process control, the qualified rate of the finished rail inclusion inspection and the qualified rate of the NDT flaw detection inspection are 99.35% and 99.45% respectively. Example 2

[0018] A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, smelting U71Mn high-speed rail steel, and controlling the process from converter smelting, LF refining, and RH refining. The specific control method is as follows: (1) Converter smelting process: The final oxygen content after converter smelting is 500ppm. During the steelmaking process, 1.5kg / t of low-aluminum silicon calcium barium is added for pre-deoxidation. No other alloys are added. Temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the furnace. At the same time, argon blowing and stirring are carried out through a top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 500mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 300NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 5min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted.

[0019] (2) LF refining process: LF refining treatment, after the molten steel enters the station, the remaining alloy is added according to the target requirements of the finished rail composition, and the top gun is used for argon blowing and stirring. The insertion depth is controlled at 300mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 500NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 10min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted. During the slag making process after the refining and heating is completed, argon blowing and stirring are continued through the top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 400mm at the bottom of the ladle, and the argon flow rate is controlled at 400NL / min to ensure that the slag is completely melted. 10min before the LF refining leaves the station, no feeding operation is performed, the top gun position is controlled at 700mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 200NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 10min to promote the full floating of inclusions.

[0020] (3) RH refining process: During RH refining, after the molten steel enters the station, it is directly vacuumed, and no slag is added during the process. 10 minutes before the RH refining leaves the station, the top gun position is controlled at 800mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 200NL / min, to promote the full floating of inclusions, and the argon blowing time is controlled at 20 minutes to ensure that the inclusions are fully floated. After the above process control, the qualified rate of the finished rail inclusion inspection and the qualified rate of the NDT flaw detection inspection are 99.45% and 99.55% respectively. Example 3

[0021] A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, smelting U71Mn high-speed rail steel, and controlling the process from converter smelting, LF refining, and RH refining. The specific control method is as follows: (1) Converter smelting process: The final oxygen content after converter smelting is 300ppm. During the steelmaking process, 1.2kg / t of low-aluminum silicon calcium barium is added for pre-deoxidation. No other alloys are added. Temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the furnace. At the same time, argon blowing and stirring are carried out through a top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 400mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 250NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 4min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted.

[0022] (2) LF refining process: During LF refining, after the molten steel enters the station, the remaining alloy is added according to the target requirements of the finished rail composition. At the same time, the top gun is used for argon blowing and stirring. The insertion depth is controlled at 250mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 400NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 8min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted. During the slag making process after the refining and heating is completed, argon blowing and stirring are continued through the top gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 350mm at the bottom of the ladle, and the argon flow rate is controlled at 350NL / min to ensure that the slag is completely melted. 10min before the LF refining leaves the station, no feeding operation is performed, the top gun position is controlled at 600mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 150NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 8min to promote the full floating of inclusions.

[0023] (3) RH refining process: During RH refining, after the molten steel enters the station, it is directly vacuumed, and no slag is added during the process. 10 minutes before the RH refining station, the top gun position is controlled at 750mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 150NL / min, to promote the full floating of inclusions, and the argon blowing time is controlled at 18 minutes to ensure that the inclusions are fully floated. After the above process control, the qualified rate of the finished rail inclusion inspection and the qualified rate of the NDT flaw detection inspection are 99.32% and 99.41% respectively. Example 4

[0024] A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, smelting U71Mn high-speed rail steel, and controlling the process from converter smelting, LF refining, and RH refining. The specific control method is as follows: (1) Converter smelting process: The final oxygen content after converter smelting is 400ppm. During the steelmaking process, 1.4kg / t of low-aluminum silicon calcium barium is added for pre-deoxidation. No other alloys are added. Temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the furnace. At the same time, argon blowing and stirring are carried out through a top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 320mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 250NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 4min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted.

[0025] (2) LF refining process: During LF refining, after the molten steel enters the station, the remaining alloy is added according to the target requirements of the finished rail composition. At the same time, the top gun is used for argon blowing and stirring. The insertion depth is controlled at 200mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 350NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 7min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted. During the slag making process after the refining and heating is completed, argon blowing and stirring are continued through the top gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 330mm at the bottom of the ladle, and the argon flow rate is controlled at 380NL / min to ensure that the slag is completely melted. 10min before the LF refining leaves the station, no feeding operation is performed, the top gun position is controlled at 630mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 110NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 8min to promote the full floating of inclusions.

[0026] (3) RH refining process: During RH refining, after the molten steel enters the station, it is directly vacuumed, and no slag is added during the process. 10 minutes before the RH refining station, the top gun position is controlled at 730mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 180NL / min, to promote the full floating of inclusions, and the argon blowing time is controlled at 18 minutes to ensure that the inclusions are fully floated. After the above process control, the qualified rate of the finished rail inclusion inspection and the qualified rate of the NDT flaw detection inspection are 99.3% and 99.4% respectively. Example 5

[0027] A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, smelting U75V ordinary speed rail steel, and controlling the process from converter smelting, LF refining, and RH refining. The specific control method is as follows: (1) Converter smelting process: The final oxygen content after converter smelting is 300ppm. During the steelmaking process, 1.4kg / t of low-aluminum silicon calcium barium is added for pre-deoxidation. No other alloys are added. Temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the furnace. At the same time, argon blowing and stirring are carried out through a top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 400mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 280NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 5min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted.

[0028] (2) LF refining process: During LF refining, after the molten steel enters the station, the remaining alloy is added according to the target requirements of the finished rail composition. At the same time, the top gun is used for argon blowing and stirring. The insertion depth is controlled at 300mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 400NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 8min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted. During the slag making process after the refining and heating is completed, argon blowing and stirring are continued through the top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 380mm at the bottom of the ladle, and the argon flow rate is controlled at 390NL / min to ensure that the slag is completely melted. 10min before the LF refining leaves the station, no feeding operation is performed, the top gun position is controlled at 550mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 140NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 7min to promote the full floating of inclusions.

[0029] (3) RH refining process: During RH refining, after the molten steel enters the station, it is directly vacuumed, and no slag is added during the process. 10 minutes before the RH refining station leaves, the top gun position is controlled at 770mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 120NL / min, to promote the full floating of inclusions, and the argon blowing time is controlled at 20 minutes to ensure that the inclusions fully float. After the above process control, the qualified rate of the finished rail inclusion inspection and the qualified rate of the NDT flaw detection inspection are 99.38% and 99.46% respectively. Example 6

[0030] A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, smelting U75V ordinary speed rail steel, and controlling the process from converter smelting, LF refining, and RH refining. The specific control method is as follows: (1) Converter smelting process: The final oxygen content after converter smelting is 500ppm. During the steelmaking process, 1.5kg / t of low-aluminum silicon calcium barium is added for pre-deoxidation. No other alloys are added. Temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the furnace. At the same time, argon blowing and stirring are carried out through a top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 420mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 295NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 4min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted.

[0031] (2) LF refining process: During LF refining, after the molten steel enters the station, the remaining alloy is added according to the target requirements of the finished rail composition. At the same time, the top gun is used for argon blowing and stirring. The insertion depth is controlled at 300mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 350NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 8min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted. During the slag making process after the refining and heating is completed, argon blowing and stirring are continued through the top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 330mm at the bottom of the ladle, and the argon flow rate is controlled at 360NL / min to ensure that the slag is completely melted. 10min before the LF refining leaves the station, no feeding operation is performed, the top gun position is controlled at 600mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 145NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 10min to promote the full floating of inclusions.

[0032] (3) RH refining process: During RH refining, after the molten steel enters the station, it is directly vacuumed, and no slag is added during the process. 10 minutes before the RH refining station, the top gun position is controlled at 790mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 185NL / min, to promote the full floating of inclusions, and the argon blowing time is controlled at 18 minutes to ensure that the inclusions are fully floated. After the above process control, the qualified rate of inclusion inspection and NDT flaw detection inspection of finished rails are 99.52% and 99.51% respectively. Example 7

[0033] A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, smelting U75V ordinary speed rail steel, and controlling the process from converter smelting, LF refining, and RH refining. The specific control method is as follows: (1) Converter smelting process: The final oxygen content after converter smelting is 200ppm. During the steel-making process, 1.2kg / t of low-aluminum silicon calcium barium is added for pre-deoxidation. No other alloys are added. Temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the furnace. At the same time, argon blowing and stirring are carried out through a top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 480mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 260NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 5min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted.

[0034] (2) LF refining process: During LF refining, after the molten steel enters the station, the remaining alloy is added according to the target requirements of the finished rail composition. At the same time, the top gun is used for argon blowing and stirring. The insertion depth is controlled at 280mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 400NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 9min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted. During the slag making process after the refining and heating is completed, argon blowing and stirring are continued through the top gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 400mm at the bottom of the ladle, and the argon flow rate is controlled at 325NL / min to ensure that the slag is completely melted. 10min before the LF refining leaves the station, no feeding operation is performed, the top gun position is controlled at 580mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 190NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 10min to promote the full floating of inclusions.

[0035] (3) RH refining process: During RH refining, after the molten steel enters the station, it is directly vacuumed, and no slag is added during the process. 10 minutes before the RH refining station, the top gun position is controlled at 740mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 130NL / min, to promote the full floating of inclusions, and the argon blowing time is controlled at 16 minutes to ensure that the inclusions are fully floated. After the above process control, the qualified rate of the finished rail inclusion inspection and the qualified rate of the NDT flaw detection inspection are 99.55% and 99.66% respectively. Example 8

[0036] A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, smelting U75V ordinary speed rail steel, and controlling the process from converter smelting, LF refining, and RH refining. The specific control method is as follows: (1) Converter smelting process: The final oxygen content after converter smelting is 400ppm. During the steelmaking process, 1.4kg / t of low-aluminum silicon calcium barium is added for pre-deoxidation. No other alloys are added. Temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the furnace. At the same time, argon blowing and stirring are carried out through a top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 360mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 220NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 3min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted.

[0037] (2) LF refining process: LF refining treatment, after the molten steel enters the station, the remaining alloy is added according to the target requirements of the finished rail composition, and the top gun is used for argon blowing and stirring. The insertion depth is controlled at 220mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 440NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 10min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted. During the slag making process after the refining and heating is completed, argon blowing and stirring are continued through the top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 400mm at the bottom of the ladle, and the argon flow rate is controlled at 400NL / min to ensure that the slag is completely melted. 10min before the LF refining leaves the station, no feeding operation is performed, the top gun position is controlled at 600mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 100NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 5min to promote the full floating of inclusions.

[0038] (3) RH refining process: During RH refining, after the molten steel enters the station, it is directly vacuumed, and no slag is added during the process. 10 minutes before the RH refining station, the top gun position is controlled at 790mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 190NL / min, to promote the full floating of inclusions, and the argon blowing time is controlled at 19 minutes to ensure that the inclusions are fully floated. After the above process control, the qualified rate of the finished rail inclusion inspection and the qualified rate of the NDT flaw detection inspection are 99.39% and 99.49% respectively.

[0039] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails, characterized in that: The argon blowing control method includes process control of converter smelting, LF refining and RH refining processes: (1) Converter smelting process: After converter smelting, depending on the final oxygen content, only 1.0-1.5 kg / t of low aluminum silicon calcium barium is added during the steelmaking process for pre-deoxidation, and no other alloys are added; (2) LF refining process: After the molten steel enters the station, the remaining alloy is added according to the target composition requirements of the finished rail product. At the same time, argon blowing and stirring are carried out using a top gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 200-300mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 300-500NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 5-10min. (3) RH refining process: 10 minutes before the RH refining station, the top gun position is controlled at 700-800mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 100-200NL / min, and the argon blowing time is controlled at 15-20min.

2. A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the converter smelting process, temperature measurement and sampling are carried out after the furnace, and argon blowing and stirring are carried out through a top blowing gun. The insertion depth is controlled at 300-500mm at the bottom of the ladle, the argon flow rate is controlled at 200-300NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 3-5min to ensure that the alloy is completely melted.

3. The method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the LF refining process, during the slag-making process after refining and heating, argon blowing and stirring are continued through the top blowing gun, the insertion depth is controlled at 300-400mm at the bottom of the ladle, and the argon flow rate is controlled at 300-400NL / min to ensure that the slag material is completely melted.

4. The method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the LF refining process, 10 minutes before the LF refining station, no slag is added, the top gun position is controlled at 500-700mm, the argon flow rate is controlled at 100-200NL / min, and the argon blowing time is 5-10min to promote the full floating of inclusions.

5. A method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In the RH refining process, the RH refining treatment is directly performed on the molten steel after entering the station, and no slag is added during the treatment process.

6. The method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The qualified rate of inclusion inspection of finished rails obtained by the method is ≥99.3%.

7. The method for controlling argon blowing in a ladle for smelting high-quality rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The qualified rate of NDT flaw detection of finished rails obtained by the method is ≥99.4%.