Device and method for measuring force between steel structures for bridge construction

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for measuring force between steel structures for bridge construction, and belongs to the technical field of force measurement, and the method comprises the following steps: 1), employing an image to detect a deformation angle between the steel structures in a deformation process; (2) detecting whether a gap exists in a welding seam between the deformed steel structures or not by adopting ultrasonic waves; (3) the longitudinal welding seam residual stress between the deformed steel structures is detected through ultrasonic waves; (4) detecting the residual stress of the transverse welding seam between the deformed steel structures by adopting a force induction mode; (5) analyzing residual stress data of the welding seam between the steel structures; (6) the overall deformation degree between the steel structures is evaluated; the method has the beneficial effects that the residual stress of the welding seam at the joint between the steel structures is measured by detecting the residual stress of the longitudinal welding seam and the residual stress of the transverse welding seam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of force measurement, and in particular relates to a force measuring device and a force measuring method between steel structures used in bridge construction. Background Art

[0002] At present, during the construction of bridges, steel structures can be connected by high-strength bolts or welds, and during the acceptance of bridges, they are fastened by high-strength bolts or welds, which is extremely important for the stability of the steel structures in the bridge and the entire bridge structure. Therefore, high-strength bolt connections or weld connections directly affect the safety of the entire bridge structure.

[0003] However, when steel structures are connected by welds, there will be residual stress in the welds between the steel structures after welding, which will cause the position of the steel structures to change or the steel structures to deform. Therefore, it is urgent to measure the residual stress of the welds at the connection between the steel structures after the position of the steel structures changes or the steel structures deform, so as to maximize the safety of the entire bridge structure. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention mainly solves the technical problem of how to measure the residual stress of welds at connections between steel structures. The present invention provides a force measuring device and a force measuring method between steel structures for bridge construction. By detecting the longitudinal weld residual stress and the transverse weld residual stress, the measurement of the weld residual stress at connections between steel structures is achieved.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for measuring force between steel structures used in bridge construction comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1): using images to detect the deformation angles of the steel structures during the deformation process;

[0008] Step 2): using ultrasonic waves to detect whether there are gaps inside the welds between the deformed steel structures; wherein a time point displacement method is used to detect whether there are gaps inside the welds between the deformed steel structures;

[0009] Step 3): using ultrasonic waves to detect the residual stress of the longitudinal welds between the deformed steel structures; wherein the acoustic wave distance vector force measurement method is used to detect the residual stress of the longitudinal welds between the deformed steel structures;

[0010] Step 4): using force sensing to detect the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures; wherein the segment angle deformation method is used to detect the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures;

[0011] Step 5): Analyze the residual stress data of the welds between the steel structures; wherein the deformation induction method is used to analyze the residual stress data of the welds between the steel structures;

[0012] Step 6): Evaluate the overall deformation between steel structures.

[0013] Optionally, in step 1), the deformation angles of the steel structures before and after deformation are identified and detected by image recognition.

[0014] Optionally, in step 2), the welds between the steel structures after deformation are detected along the length direction of the welds between the steel structures by using a time point displacement method, and the time point displacement method is the following formula (1):

[0015] (1);

[0016] in, It is the displacement of the weld between the entire steel structure from one end to the other, or the displacement of the weld between the entire steel structure from the other end to one end;

[0017] The displacement from one end to the other of the weld in the entire steel structure The displacement of the weld of the entire steel structure from one end to the other. Segment displacement;

[0018] To calculate the number of displacement segments in the weld displacement between the entire steel structure; To detect whether there is a gap inside each section of the weld displacement between the entire steel structure;

[0019] For the time period, For time period The a moment, To calculate the time period The number of moments in For the time period Select the a moment;

[0020] For the The moment corresponds to the Segment displacement, detection Whether there is a gap inside the segment displacement;

[0021] Representative Record No. Is there any gap inside the segment displacement? For the The length of the segment displacement, To record the The length of the segment displacement and the Whether there is a gap inside the segment displacement.

[0022] Optionally, the inside of the weld between the entire steel structures is inspected along the length direction of the weld between the steel structures. If there is no gap inside the weld between the entire steel structures after deformation, the welding quality of the weld between the entire steel structures is good. If there is a gap inside the weld between the entire steel structures after deformation, the welding quality of the weld between the entire steel structures is poor.

[0023] Optionally, ultrasonic waves are emitted along the length direction of the weld between the steel structures, and the acoustic wave distance vector force measurement method of the following formula (2) is used to detect the longitudinal weld residual stress between the deformed steel structures. The specific formula (2) is:

[0024] (2);

[0025] in, It is the length or distance of the weld from one end to the other end detected by the ultrasonic wave in the weld and along the length direction of the weld. It is the length or distance of the weld from one end to the other end detected by the ultrasonic wave in the weld and along the length direction of the weld. To calculate the difference between the two weld lengths, To determine the difference between the lengths of two welds, To determine whether there is a difference between the lengths of the two welds;

[0026] is the elastic modulus, To set the elastic modulus; For data calculation operation, the difference between the two weld lengths is multiplied by the elastic modulus;

[0027] or is the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between steel structures.

[0028] Optionally, the segment angle deformation method of the following formula (3) is used to detect the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures. The specific formula (3) is:

[0029] (3);

[0030] in, For the The deformation angle of the segment, Representative The length of the segment is And the first The deformation angle of the segment is , To detect the operation, Representative test The length of the segment is And the first The deformation angle of the segment is ; For the Residual stress in transverse welds between steel structures of different sections; Representative The length of the segment is And the first The deformation angle of the segment is At that time, The residual stress of the transverse weld between the steel structures of the segments is ; It is a merging operation for the transverse weld residual stresses between each section of the steel structure, and the transverse weld residual stresses between each section of the steel structure are merged;

[0031] Indicates the direction of detection, the detection direction is from one end to the other end, or the detection direction is from the other end to one end; To combine the transverse weld residual stresses between each section of steel structure to obtain the average transverse weld residual stress between steel structures; is the residual stress of the transverse weld between steel structures.

[0032] Optionally, in step 5), the deformation induction method is used to analyze the residual stress data of the welds between the steel structures, which is the following steps:

[0033] Step A): Analyze the overall deformation angle of the steel structure during the deformation process according to the image detection situation;

[0034] Step B): Analyze the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between the steel structures when there is no gap inside the weld between the deformed steel structures;

[0035] Step C): Analyze the residual stress of the transverse weld between the steel structures when there is no gap inside the weld between the deformed steel structures.

[0036] Optionally, in step 6), the overall deformation degree of the steel structure is evaluated as follows:

[0037] If the deformation angle of the entire steel structure during the deformation process, the longitudinal weld residual stress between the steel structures, and the transverse weld residual stress between the steel structures do not exist, then the entire steel structure is not deformed;

[0038] If the overall deformation angle of the steel structure during the deformation process, the longitudinal weld residual stress between the steel structures and the transverse weld residual stress between the steel structures all have, then the overall deformation of the steel structure.

[0039] A force measuring device between steel structures for bridge construction, comprising: a detection unit, a data processing module, a force analysis module and an evaluation module;

[0040] Detection unit, used for image detection of deformation angles between steel structures during deformation, ultrasonic detection of whether there are gaps inside welds between steel structures, ultrasonic detection of residual stress in longitudinal welds between deformed steel structures, and force sensing detection of residual stress in transverse welds between deformed steel structures;

[0041] A data processing module, used for aggregating detection data, aggregating data in detection units;

[0042] Force analysis module, used to analyze the residual stress data of welds between steel structures;

[0043] An assessment module to evaluate the overall deformation between steel structures;

[0044] From the detection unit, it passes through the data processing module, the force analysis module and the evaluation module in sequence, and is connected by lines.

[0045] Optionally, the detection unit includes: an image detection module for image detection of the deformation angle between the steel structures during the deformation process, a force sensing module for force sensing detection of the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures, and an ultrasonic detection module for ultrasonic detection of whether there are gaps inside the weld between the steel structures and ultrasonic detection of the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between the deformed steel structures;

[0046] The image detection module, the force sensing module and the sound wave detection module are connected to the data processing module;

[0047] The detection unit circuit is connected to the control module, and the control module is used to control the opening and closing of the image detection module, the force sensing module and the sound wave detection module.

[0048] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0049] 1. The present invention first uses ultrasonic waves to detect whether there are gaps inside the welds between the deformed steel structures. When there are no gaps inside the welds between the steel structures, ultrasonic waves are used to detect the longitudinal weld residual stress between the deformed steel structures, and force sensing is used to detect the transverse weld residual stress between the deformed steel structures. Therefore, the present invention realizes the measurement of the weld residual stress at the connection between the steel structures by detecting the longitudinal weld residual stress and the transverse weld residual stress.

[0050] 2. The present invention evaluates the overall deformation degree of the steel structures and obtains that if the overall deformation angle of the steel structures during the deformation process, the longitudinal weld residual stress between the steel structures, and the transverse weld residual stress between the steel structures do not exist, then the steel structures as a whole are not deformed; if the overall deformation angle of the steel structures during the deformation process, the longitudinal weld residual stress between the steel structures, and the transverse weld residual stress between the steel structures all exist, then the steel structures are deformed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0052] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 It is a work flow chart of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main view direction structure of the steel structure of the present invention without deformation after welding;

[0055] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main view of the steel structure of the present invention that has been deformed after welding;

[0056] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the steel structure of the present invention that has been deformed after welding.

[0057] Icon: 1-Steel structure, 2-Weld. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be welding, bolt connection, or riveting; it can be fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] Embodiment 1;

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a force measurement device between steel structures for bridge construction, including: a detection unit, a data processing module, a force analysis module, and an evaluation module;

[0062] Detection unit, used for image detection of deformation angles between steel structures during deformation, ultrasonic detection of whether there are gaps inside welds between steel structures, ultrasonic detection of residual stress in longitudinal welds between deformed steel structures, and force sensing detection of residual stress in transverse welds between deformed steel structures;

[0063] A data processing module, used for aggregating detection data, aggregating data in detection units;

[0064] Force analysis module, used to analyze the residual stress data of welds between steel structures;

[0065] An assessment module to evaluate the overall deformation between steel structures;

[0066] From the detection unit, it passes through the data processing module, the force analysis module and the evaluation module in sequence, and is connected by lines.

[0067] Specifically, the detection unit includes: an image detection module for detecting the deformation angle between steel structures during the deformation process, a force sensing module for detecting the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures by force sensing, and an ultrasonic detection module for ultrasonically detecting whether there are gaps inside the weld between the steel structures and ultrasonically detecting the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between the deformed steel structures.

[0068] The image detection module, the force sensing module and the sound wave detection module are connected to the data processing module;

[0069] The detection unit circuit is connected to the control module, and the control module is used to control the opening and closing of the image detection module, the force sensing module and the sound wave detection module.

[0070] The control module controls the opening and closing of the image detection module, the force sensing module and the sound wave detection module according to the respective usage conditions of the image detection module, the force sensing module and the sound wave detection module.

[0071] Embodiment 2;

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for measuring force between steel structures for bridge construction, comprising the following steps:

[0073] Step 1): Use images to detect the deformation angle (i.e., from the deformation angle of the steel structure room (the steel structure room is composed of two steel structures 1) during the deformation process Figure 3 to Figure 4The deformation angle during the deformation process, while step 1) is only a preliminary detection of the deformation angle through the image);

[0074] Among them, in step 1), the deformation angles of the steel structure before and after deformation are identified and detected by image recognition, that is, the image detection module is Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the image detection module detects Figure 3 to Figure 4 The deformation angle during the deformation process.

[0075] Step 2): using ultrasonic waves to detect whether there is a gap inside the weld 2 between the deformed steel structures; wherein a time point displacement method is used to detect whether there is a gap inside the weld 2 between the deformed steel structures;

[0076] Step 3): using ultrasonic waves to detect the residual stress of the longitudinal welds between the deformed steel structures; wherein the acoustic wave distance vector force measurement method is used to detect the residual stress of the longitudinal welds between the deformed steel structures;

[0077] Step 4): using force sensing to detect the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures; wherein the segment angle deformation method is used to detect the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures;

[0078] Step 5): Analyze the residual stress data of the welds between the steel structures; wherein the deformation induction method is used to analyze the residual stress data of the welds between the steel structures;

[0079] Step 6): Evaluate the overall deformation between steel structures.

[0080] Embodiment 3;

[0081] Based on Example 2, in step 2), the welds between the deformed steel structures are detected along the length direction of the welds between the steel structures using a time point displacement method, and the time point displacement method is the following formula (1):

[0082] (1);

[0083] in, It is the displacement from one end to the other end of the weld 2 between the entire steel structure, or the displacement from the other end to one end of the weld 2 between the entire steel structure (such as Figure 5 As shown, it can also be said that is the displacement of the weld 2 along the length direction of the weld 2 from the front end of the weld 2 to the rear end of the weld 2 on the entire steel structure, or is the displacement of the weld 2 from the rear end of the weld 2 to the front end of the weld 2 along the length direction of the weld 2 on the entire steel structure);

[0084] The displacement of the weld 2 from the front end to the rear end of the weld 2 along the length of the weld 2 on the entire steel structure The Segment displacement, or the displacement of weld 2 along the length of weld 2 from the rear end of weld 2 to the front end of weld 2 on the entire steel structure The segment displacement; that is, in The displacement is divided into multiple segments.

[0085] To calculate the number of displacement segments in the weld displacement between the entire steel structure; To detect whether there is a gap inside each section of the weld displacement between the entire steel structure;

[0086] For the time period, For time period The a moment, To calculate the time period The number of moments in For the time period Select the a moment;

[0087] For the The moment corresponds to the Segment displacement, detection Whether there is a gap inside the segment displacement;

[0088] Representative Record No. Is there any gap inside the segment displacement? For the The length of the displacement segment; in this way, each moment corresponds to each displacement segment, such as: the first moment corresponds to the first displacement segment, the The moment corresponds to the Each moment corresponds to a displacement segment, which makes it easy to detect the gaps in each displacement segment.

[0089] To record the The length of the segment displacement and the Is there any gap inside the segment displacement? It records whether there are gaps in each displacement segment based on the marked displacement segments and the length of each displacement segment.

[0090] It should be noted here that Figure 4 or Figure 5As shown, the displacement on the weld 2 between the entire steel structure is the displacement formed when the acoustic wave detection module is located in the space between the two steel structures 1 and the acoustic wave detection module is located outside the weld 2, and the acoustic wave detection module moves along the length direction of the weld 2. The acoustic wave detection module sends ultrasonic waves to detect whether there is a gap in the weld 2 between the entire steel structure.

[0091] The ultrasonic detection module is used to detect the inside of the weld 2 between the entire steel structure along the length direction of the weld 2 between the entire steel structure. If there is no gap inside the weld 2 between the entire steel structure after deformation, the welding quality of the weld 2 between the entire steel structure is good. If there is a gap inside the weld 2 between the entire steel structure after deformation, the welding quality of the weld 2 between the entire steel structure is poor.

[0092] Embodiment 4;

[0093] Based on Example 2, Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the acoustic wave detection module is facing the front end or rear end of the weld 2, and the acoustic wave detection module emits ultrasonic waves along the length direction of the weld 2 between the steel structures. The acoustic wave detection module then recovers ultrasonic waves along the length direction of the weld 2 between the steel structures, and uses the acoustic wave distance vector force measurement method of the following formula (2) to detect the longitudinal weld residual stress between the deformed steel structures. Formula (2) is specifically:

[0094] (2);

[0095] in, is the length or distance of the weld 2 from the front end to the rear end detected by the ultrasonic wave in the weld 2 and along the length direction of the weld 2, It is the length or distance of the weld 2 from the rear end to the front end detected by the ultrasonic wave in the weld 2 and along the length direction of the weld. To calculate the difference between the lengths of two welds 2, To determine the difference between the lengths of two welds 2, To determine whether there is a difference between the lengths of the two welds;

[0096] is the elastic modulus ( The unit is N / mm), To set the value of elastic modulus, the general value of elastic modulus is 1N / mm; For data calculation operation, the difference between the two weld lengths is multiplied by the elastic modulus;

[0097] or is the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between steel structures.

[0098] After the acoustic wave detection module is aligned with the front end or rear end of the weld 2, the acoustic wave detection module emits ultrasonic waves along the length direction of the weld 2 between the steel structures. It can be understood that the length of the ultrasonic wave emitted in the weld 2 is It is the length of the ultrasonic wave recovery stroke in the weld 2.

[0099] If there is a difference between the length of the ultrasonic wave in the transmitting stroke in weld 2 and the length of the ultrasonic wave in the recovering stroke in weld 2, weld 2 has longitudinal deformation and longitudinal weld residual stress. If the difference between the length of the ultrasonic wave in the transmitting stroke in weld 2 and the length of the ultrasonic wave in the recovering stroke in weld 2 is 0, weld 2 has no longitudinal deformation and longitudinal weld residual stress.

[0100] Embodiment 5;

[0101] Based on Example 2, Figure 5 As shown, in step 4), the segment angle deformation method of the following formula (3) is used to detect the transverse weld residual stress between the deformed steel structures. The specific formula (3) is:

[0102] (3);

[0103] in, For the The deformation angle of the segment, Representative The length of the segment is And the first The deformation angle of the segment is , To detect the operation, Representative test The length of the segment is And the first The deformation angle of the segment is ; For the Residual stress in transverse welds between steel structures of different sections; Representative The length of the segment is And the first The deformation angle of the segment is At that time, The residual stress of the transverse weld between the steel structures of the segments is ; It is a merging operation for the transverse weld residual stresses between each section of the steel structure, and the transverse weld residual stresses between each section of the steel structure are merged;

[0104] Indicates the direction of detection, the detection direction is from the front end to the back end, or the detection direction is from the back end to the front end; To combine the transverse weld residual stresses between each section of steel structure to obtain the average transverse weld residual stress between steel structures; is the residual stress of the transverse weld between steel structures.

[0105] What needs to be explained in detail here is that Figure 5 As shown, Figure 1 There are multiple force sensing modules in the system, which are equivalent to strain gauges. Figure 5 Strain gauges are attached to each point a, b, ...g in the figure. Figure 3 to Figure 4 During the deformation process, the strain gauges at each point a, point b...point g are deformed, thereby detecting the angle changes at each point a, point b...point g. In addition, each strain gauge at each point a, point b...point g is connected between the two structural steels 1, and each strain gauge is connected to the outer wall surface of the two structural steels 1.

[0106] is the deformation angle at point a. Similarly, is the deformation angle at point d, is the deformation angle at point g. The deformation angle of each point is obtained by the bending angle of the strain gauge at each point.

[0107] Embodiment 6;

[0108] Based on Example 1 to Example 5, in step 5), the deformation induction method is used to analyze the residual stress data of the weld between the steel structures, which is the following steps:

[0109] Step A): According to the image detection situation (that is, the image detection module in step 1 is Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the image detection module detects Figure 3 to Figure 4 The deformation angle during the deformation process) is used to analyze the overall deformation angle of the steel structure during the deformation process;

[0110] Step B): Analyze the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between the steel structures when there is no gap inside the weld 2 between the deformed steel structures;

[0111] Step C): When there is no gap inside the weld 2 between the deformed steel structures, the magnitude of the residual stress in the transverse weld between the steel structures is analyzed.

[0112] In addition, in step 6), the overall deformation degree of the steel structure is evaluated as follows:

[0113] If the deformation angle of the entire steel structure during the deformation process, the longitudinal weld residual stress between the steel structures, and the transverse weld residual stress between the steel structures do not exist, then the entire steel structure is not deformed;

[0114] If the overall deformation angle of the steel structure during the deformation process, the longitudinal weld residual stress between the steel structures and the transverse weld residual stress between the steel structures all have, then the overall deformation of the steel structure.

[0115] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for measuring force between steel structures used in bridge construction, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1): using images to detect the deformation angles of the steel structures during the deformation process; Step 2): using ultrasonic waves to detect whether there are gaps inside the welds between the deformed steel structures; wherein a time point displacement method is used to detect whether there are gaps inside the welds between the deformed steel structures; Step 3): using ultrasonic waves to detect the residual stress of the longitudinal welds between the deformed steel structures; wherein the acoustic wave distance vector force measurement method is used to detect the residual stress of the longitudinal welds between the deformed steel structures; Step 4): using force sensing to detect the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures; wherein the segment angle deformation method is used to detect the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures; Step 5): Analyze the residual stress data of the welds between the steel structures; wherein the deformation induction method is used to analyze the residual stress data of the welds between the steel structures; Step 6): Evaluate the overall deformation between steel structures.

2. A method for measuring force between steel structures for bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1), the deformation angles of the steel structures before and after deformation are identified and detected by image recognition.

3. The method for measuring force between steel structures for bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2), the welds between the deformed steel structures are detected along the length direction of the welds between the steel structures using the time point displacement method, and the time point displacement method is the following formula (1): (1)； in, It is the displacement of the weld between the entire steel structure from one end to the other, or the displacement of the weld between the entire steel structure from the other end to one end; The displacement from one end to the other of the weld in the entire steel structure The displacement of the weld of the entire steel structure from one end to the other. Segment displacement; To calculate the number of displacement segments in the weld displacement between the entire steel structure; To detect whether there is a gap inside each section of the weld displacement between the entire steel structure; For the time period, For time period The a moment, To calculate the time period The number of moments in For the time period Select the a moment; For the The moment corresponds to the Segment displacement, detection Whether there is a gap inside the segment displacement; Representative Record No. Is there any gap inside the segment displacement? For the The length of the segment displacement, To record the The length of the segment displacement and the Whether there is a gap inside the segment displacement.

4. A method for measuring force between steel structures for bridge construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: Along the length direction of the weld between the steel structures, the inside of the weld between the entire steel structures is inspected. If there is no gap inside the weld between the entire steel structures after deformation, the welding quality of the weld between the entire steel structures is good. If there is a gap inside the weld between the entire steel structures after deformation, the welding quality of the weld between the entire steel structures is poor.

5. The method for measuring force between steel structures for bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3), ultrasonic waves are emitted along the length direction of the weld between the steel structures, and the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between the deformed steel structures is detected by the acoustic wave distance vector force measurement method described in the following formula (2), where formula (2) is specifically: (2)； in, It is the length or distance of the weld from one end to the other end detected by the ultrasonic wave in the weld and along the length direction of the weld. It is the length or distance of the weld from one end to the other end detected by the ultrasonic wave in the weld and along the length direction of the weld. To calculate the difference between the lengths of two welds, To determine the difference between the lengths of two welds, To determine whether there is a difference between the lengths of the two welds; is the elastic modulus, To set the elastic modulus; For data calculation operation, the difference between the two weld lengths is multiplied by the elastic modulus; or is the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between steel structures.

6. A method for measuring force between steel structures for bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 4), the segment angle deformation method described in the following formula (3) is used to detect the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures. Formula (3) is specifically: (3)； in, For the The deformation angle of the segment, Representative The length of the segment is And the first The deformation angle of the segment is , To detect the operation, Representative test The length of the segment is And the first The deformation angle of the segment is ; For the Residual stress in transverse welds between steel structures of sections; Representative The length of the segment is And the first The deformation angle of the segment is At that time, The residual stress of the transverse weld between the steel structures of the segments is ; It is a merging operation for the transverse weld residual stresses between each section of the steel structure, and the transverse weld residual stresses between each section of the steel structure are merged; Indicates the direction of detection, the detection direction is from one end to the other end, or the detection direction is from the other end to one end; To combine the transverse weld residual stresses between each section of steel structure to obtain the average transverse weld residual stress between steel structures; is the residual stress of the transverse weld between steel structures.

7. A method for measuring force between steel structures for bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 5), the deformation induction method is used to analyze the residual stress data of the weld between the steel structures, which is the following steps: Step A): Analyze the overall deformation angle of the steel structure during the deformation process according to the image detection situation; Step B): Analyze the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between the steel structures when there is no gap inside the weld between the deformed steel structures; Step C): Analyze the residual stress of the transverse weld between the steel structures when there is no gap inside the weld between the deformed steel structures.

8. A method for measuring force between steel structures for bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 6), the overall deformation degree of the steel structure is evaluated as follows: If the deformation angle of the entire steel structure during the deformation process, the longitudinal weld residual stress between the steel structures, and the transverse weld residual stress between the steel structures do not exist, then the entire steel structure is not deformed; If the deformation angle of the entire steel structure during the deformation process, the longitudinal weld residual stress between the steel structures and the transverse weld residual stress between the steel structures all have , then the entire steel structure is deformed.

9. A force measuring device between steel structures for bridge construction, used to implement a force measuring method between steel structures for bridge construction according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Detection unit, data processing module, force analysis module and evaluation module; The detection unit is used to detect the deformation angle between the steel structures during the deformation process by image, to detect whether there is a gap inside the weld between the steel structures by ultrasonic, to detect the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between the deformed steel structures by ultrasonic, and to detect the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures by force sensing; The data processing module is used to gather detection data; The force analysis module is used to analyze the residual stress data of welds between steel structures; The evaluation module is used to evaluate the overall deformation degree between steel structures; From the detection unit, it passes through the data processing module, the force analysis module and the evaluation module in sequence, and is connected by lines.

10. A force measuring device between steel structures for bridge construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The detection unit includes: an image detection module for image detection of the deformation angle between the steel structures during the deformation process, a force sensing module for force sensing to detect the residual stress of the transverse weld between the deformed steel structures, and an ultrasonic detection module for ultrasonically detecting whether there are gaps inside the weld between the steel structures and ultrasonically detecting the residual stress of the longitudinal weld between the deformed steel structures; The image detection module, the force sensing module and the sound wave detection module are connected to the data processing module by lines; The detection unit circuit is connected to the control module, and the control module is used to control the opening and closing of the image detection module, the force sensing module and the sound wave detection module.

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