Water-based cutting fluid and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cutting fluid, and particularly discloses water-based cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof. The water-based cutting fluid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of a water-soluble nano-copper lubricant prepared from anhydrous cupric sulfate, hydrogen peroxide, an antioxidant, diluted hydrochloric acid and the like, 2-8 parts of an antirust agent, 0.2-0.5 part of a copper corrosion inhibitor, 5-15 parts of organic alcohol amine, 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.5-4 parts of phosphate, 1-3 parts of an antiseptic bactericide and 0.1-1 part of a settling agent. The components are sequentially mixed to obtain the water-based cutting fluid. The water-based cutting fluid disclosed by the invention has excellent lubricity and anti-rust property, is green and environment-friendly, is simple and easy to prepare and is suitable for industrial popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cutting fluids, and in particular relates to a water-based cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the metal machining industry, machine tools and equipment have been updated quickly, and the machining accuracy of machine tools has been improved. Higher speed, precision, and new materials such as super-hard alloys also pose higher challenges to the lubrication performance of cutting fluids. Traditional emulsified oils based on mineral oils and vegetable oils have excellent lubrication performance, but poor cooling and cleaning performance. Mineral oils are non-renewable resources, and finding better lubricating materials is the current development trend; although microemulsions can provide certain lubrication, cooling, and cleaning performance, they are also trapped by dependence on mineral oils, so fully synthetic water-based products are the mainstream direction of cutting fluids today and in the future. Fully synthetic cutting fluids have good rust prevention, cleaning, and cooling performance; but lubrication performance is currently a defect.

[0003] At present, there are some related studies on using special dispersants to evenly disperse special lubricating materials in pure oil systems, but the research on water-based lubrication performance improvement materials is very rare. Therefore, it is very meaningful to propose a water-based fully synthetic cutting fluid with better lubrication performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art. Based on this, the first aspect of the present invention provides a water-based cutting fluid, the components of which include, by weight (or mass parts): 1-5 parts of a water-soluble nano copper lubricant, 2-8 parts of a rust inhibitor, 0.2-0.5 parts of a copper corrosion inhibitor, 5-15 parts of an organic alcohol amine, 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.5-4 parts of a phosphate ester, 1-3 parts of an antiseptic and bactericide, and 0.1-1 parts of a sedimentation agent; the preparation method of the water-soluble nano copper lubricant comprises the following steps:

[0005] Anhydrous copper sulfate, hydrogen peroxide, an antioxidant and dilute hydrochloric acid are mixed in an aqueous solution system, and reacted at 160° C.-180° C. and a carbon monoxide atmosphere for 8-10 hours, then cooled to 45° C.-50° C., maintained for 24 hours-30 hours, filtered and washed to obtain the water-soluble nano copper lubricant.

[0006] The present invention adopts copper sulfate pentahydrate as the main raw material, and hydrogen peroxide, carbon monoxide and dilute hydrochloric acid as auxiliary reaction raw materials to obtain a stable water-soluble nano copper lubricant; the water-soluble nano copper lubricant not only has the advantages of nano copper (excellent anti-wear, anti-friction, self-repairing properties, improved processing performance, and extended service life), but can also be stably and completely dissolved in water and used as a lubricating component of a fully synthetic cutting fluid, thereby obtaining a water-based fully synthetic cutting fluid with greatly improved lubrication performance.

[0007] Based on the water-soluble nano-copper lubricant prepared by the present invention, the present invention studies the dosage range of the above-mentioned rust inhibitor and other components, that is, the above-mentioned water-based cutting fluid of the present invention is formed. If the dosage of each single component is lower than the lower limit of the corresponding range, it will lead to insufficient product performance. If the dosage of a single component is higher than the upper limit of the corresponding range, it will also have an adverse effect on product performance and cause cost waste.

[0008] In the preparation process of the above-mentioned water-soluble nano-copper lubricant, the mass concentration of the above-mentioned hydrogen peroxide is 15%-20%; the above-mentioned antioxidant is a phenol-based antioxidant; the mass ratio of the above-mentioned hydrogen peroxide, water, and anhydrous copper sulfate is (10-20): (80-100): (20-40); and / or the mass concentration of the above-mentioned dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%-10%.

[0009] In some preferred implementations, the phosphate ester is at least one of aryl phosphate ester, phosphite, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate. Preferably, the phosphate ester is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate. The present invention finds that in the above-mentioned water-based cutting fluid system, when the phosphate ester adopts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate, it can synergistically act with the lubricity of the water-soluble nano copper of the present invention, thereby further improving the lubrication performance of the water-based cutting fluid.

[0010] In some preferred implementations, the weight portion of the above-mentioned rust inhibitor is 3-7 parts; the weight portion of the above-mentioned copper corrosion inhibitor is 0.2-0.4 parts; the weight portion of the above-mentioned organic alcohol amine is 8-12 parts; the weight portion of the above-mentioned polyethylene glycol is 6-9 parts; the weight portion of the above-mentioned phosphate ester is 1-3 parts; the weight portion of the above-mentioned water-soluble nano-copper lubricant is 2-3 parts; the weight portion of the above-mentioned preservative and bactericidal agent is 2-4 parts; and the weight portion of the above-mentioned sedimentation agent is 0.2-0.5 parts.

[0011] Wherein, the above-mentioned rust inhibitor is at least one of undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, sebacic acid, and tricarboxylic acid. The above-mentioned copper corrosion inhibitor is at least one of benzotriazole and methylbenzotriazole. The above-mentioned organic alcohol amine is at least one of monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, diglycolamine, and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. The above-mentioned preservative and bactericidal agent is at least one of s-triazine, N,N-methylenebismorpholine, kason, and sodium pyrithione. The above-mentioned sedimentation agent is at least one of polyquaternary ammonium salt, polyacrylamide, and polyurethane. The above-mentioned polyethylene glycol is at least one of polyethylene glycol 200, polyethylene glycol 400, and polyethylene glycol 600.

[0012] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned water-based cutting fluid, comprising the following steps: dispersing the above-mentioned rust inhibitor, the above-mentioned organic alcohol amine, and the above-mentioned copper corrosion inhibitor in water, and adding the above-mentioned polyethylene glycol, the above-mentioned phosphate ester, the above-mentioned water-soluble nano-copper lubricant, the above-mentioned preservative and bactericidal agent, and the above-mentioned sedimentation agent in sequence under the condition of 40°C-55°C, and mixing to obtain the water-based cutting fluid.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the water-based cutting fluid of the present invention has excellent lubricity and rust resistance, is green and environmentally friendly, is easy to prepare, and is suitable for industrial promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Shown are friction coefficient curves of the cutting fluids of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3;

[0015] Figure 2 Shown are super depth of field images of the cutting fluids of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the embodiments and drawings to clearly and completely describe the concept and technical effects of the present invention, so as to fully understand the purpose, scheme and effect of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0017] The water-soluble nano copper lubricant in the following content is prepared by the following process:

[0018] Slowly add 12 parts by mass of 15% hydrogen peroxide to reactor A; add 80 parts by mass of distilled water to reactor B, then add 20 parts by mass of anhydrous copper sulfate and stir at 500r / min to mix thoroughly. Introduce the material in reactor A into the synthesis reactor, and after the introduction, introduce reactor B into the synthesis reactor, add phenol-based antioxidant and mix evenly, set the reaction temperature to 180°C, and stir at 500r / min. After reaching the temperature, stir at 0.2m 3 / h rate of carbon monoxide gas, add 10 parts by mass of 10% diluted hydrochloric acid in another path to fully react for 10 hours, after the reaction is completed, reduce the temperature to 50°C, keep the constant temperature for 24 hours, and finally filter and wash the final product to remove impurities. A reddish brown water-soluble nano copper lubricant can be obtained.

[0019] The xanthogenic acid-modified nano-copper particles in the following content are prepared by the following process:

[0020] Add 10 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether potassium xanthate and 80 parts by mass of deionized water to reactor A; add 1 part by mass of copper nitrate and 50 parts by mass of deionized water to reactor B; add 1 part by mass of sodium borohydride and 50 parts by mass of deionized water to reactor C; add the solution in reactor B to reactor A, mechanically stir for 2 hours, add the solution in reactor C to reactor A, continue stirring for 1 hour, and dry after the reaction is completed to obtain nano copper particles modified with xanthogenic acid.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] A water-based cutting fluid, the components of which are measured by weight: 3 parts of tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor of Hangzhou Lupu Chemical, SINOCOR TAT736), 3 parts of dodecanoic acid, 8 parts of triethanolamine, 0.3 parts of BTA (benzotriazole), 4009 parts of polyethylene glycol, 3 parts of water-soluble nano copper lubricant, 3 parts of MBM (N,N-methylenebismorpholine), 0.3 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt (BUSAN 77 sedimentation agent), and 70.4 parts of deionized water.

[0023] The preparation method of the water-based cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

[0024] Deionized water, tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor), dodecanoic acid (rust inhibitor), triethanolamine (organic alcohol amine), and BTA (copper corrosion inhibitor) are added to a dry stirring kettle in sequence, mixed and heated to 45°C, and then polyethylene glycol 400, water-soluble nano-copper lubricant, MBM (anticorrosive bactericide), and polyquaternary ammonium salt (sedimentation agent) are added in sequence and stirred evenly. After filtering, the water-based fully synthetic cutting fluid product is obtained.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] A water-based cutting fluid, the components of which are measured by weight: 3 parts of tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor of Hangzhou Lupu Chemical, SINOCOR TAT736), 3 parts of dodecanoic acid, 8 parts of triethanolamine, 0.3 parts of BTA (benzotriazole), 4009 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2 parts of water-soluble nano copper lubricant, 1 part of LP700 (aryl phosphate), 3 parts of MBM (N,N-methylenebismorpholine), 0.3 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt (BUSAN 77 sedimentation agent), and 70.4 parts of deionized water.

[0027] The preparation method of the water-based cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

[0028] Deionized water, tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor), dodecanoic acid (rust inhibitor), triethanolamine (organic alcohol amine), and BTA (copper corrosion inhibitor) are added to a dry stirring kettle in sequence, mixed and heated to 45°C, and then polyethylene glycol 400, LP700 (phosphate ester), water-soluble nano-copper lubricant, MBM (anticorrosive bactericide), and polyquaternary ammonium salt (sedimentation agent) are added in sequence and stirred evenly. After filtering, the water-based fully synthetic cutting fluid product is obtained.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] A water-based cutting fluid, the components of which are measured by weight: 3 parts of tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor of Hangzhou Lupu Chemical, SINOCOR TAT736), 3 parts of dodecanoic acid, 8 parts of triethanolamine, 0.3 parts of BTA (benzotriazole), 4009 parts of polyethylene glycol, 1 part of water-soluble nano copper lubricant, 2 parts of AEO-3P (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate), 3 parts of MBM (N,N-methylenebismorpholine), 0.3 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt (BUSAN 77 sedimentation agent), and 70.4 parts of deionized water.

[0031] The preparation method of the water-based cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

[0032] Deionized water, tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor), dodecanoic acid (rust inhibitor), triethanolamine (organic alcohol amine), and BTA (copper corrosion inhibitor) are added to a dry stirring kettle in sequence, mixed and heated to 45°C, and then polyethylene glycol 400, AEO-3P (phosphate ester), water-soluble nano-copper lubricant, MBM (anticorrosive bactericide), and polyquaternary ammonium salt (sedimentation agent) are added in sequence and stirred evenly. After filtering, the water-based fully synthetic cutting fluid product is obtained.

[0033] Example 4

[0034] A water-based cutting fluid, the components of which are measured by weight: 3 parts of tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor of Hangzhou Lupu Chemical, SINOCOR TAT736), 3 parts of dodecanoic acid, 8 parts of triethanolamine, 0.3 parts of BTA (benzotriazole), 4009 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2 parts of water-soluble nano copper lubricant, 1 part of AEO-3P (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate), 3 parts of MBM (N,N-methylenebismorpholine), 0.3 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt (BUSAN 77 sedimentation agent), and 70.4 parts of deionized water.

[0035] The preparation method of the water-based cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

[0036] Deionized water, tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor), dodecanoic acid (rust inhibitor), triethanolamine (organic alcohol amine), and BTA (copper corrosion inhibitor) are added to a dry stirring kettle in sequence, mixed and heated to 45°C, and then polyethylene glycol 400, AEO-3P (phosphate ester), water-soluble nano-copper lubricant, MBM (anticorrosive bactericide), and polyquaternary ammonium salt (sedimentation agent) are added in sequence and stirred evenly. After filtering, the water-based fully synthetic cutting fluid product is obtained.

[0037] Comparative Example 1

[0038] A cutting fluid, the components of which are measured by weight: 3 parts of tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor of Hangzhou Lvpu Chemical, SINOCORTAT736), 3 parts of dodecanoic acid, 8 parts of triethanolamine, 0.3 parts of BTA (benzotriazole), 9 parts of polyethylene glycol 400, 3 parts of LP700 (aryl phosphate), 3 parts of MBM (N,N-methylenebismorpholine), 0.3 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt (BUSAN 77 sedimentation agent), and 70.4 parts of deionized water.

[0039] The preparation method of the cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

[0040] Deionized water, tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor), dodecanoic acid (rust inhibitor), triethanolamine (organic alcohol amine), and BTA (copper corrosion inhibitor) are added to a dry stirring kettle in sequence, mixed and heated to 45°C, and then polyethylene glycol 400, LP700 (phosphate ester), MBM (preservative and bactericide), and polyquaternary ammonium salt (sedimentation agent) are added in sequence and stirred evenly. The cutting fluid product is obtained after filtering.

[0041] Comparative Example 2

[0042] A cutting fluid, the components of which are measured by weight: 3 parts of tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor of Hangzhou Lvpu Chemical, SINOCORTAT736), 3 parts of dodecanoic acid, 8 parts of triethanolamine, 0.3 parts of BTA (benzotriazole), 9 parts of polyethylene glycol 400, 2 parts of nano copper particles modified by xanthogenic acid, 1 part of LP700 (aryl phosphate), 3 parts of MBM (N,N-methylenebismorpholine), 0.3 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt (BUSAN 77 sedimentation agent), and 70.4 parts of deionized water.

[0043] The preparation method of the cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

[0044] Deionized water, tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor), dodecanoic acid (rust inhibitor), triethanolamine (organic alcohol amine), and BTA (copper corrosion inhibitor) are added in a dry stirring kettle in sequence, mixed and heated to 45°C, and then polyethylene glycol 400, LP700 (phosphate ester), nano copper particles modified with xanthogenic acid, MBM (preservative and bactericide), and polyquaternary ammonium salt (sedimentation agent) are added in sequence and stirred evenly. The cutting fluid product is obtained after filtering.

[0045] Comparative Example 3

[0046] A cutting fluid, the components of which are measured by weight: 3 parts of tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor of Hangzhou Lvpu Chemical, SINOCORTAT736), 3 parts of dodecanoic acid, 8 parts of triethanolamine, 0.3 parts of BTA (benzotriazole), 9 parts of polyethylene glycol 400, 2 parts of nano copper particles modified by xanthogenic acid, 1 part of AEO-3P (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate), 3 parts of MBM (N,N-methylenebismorpholine), 0.3 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt (BUSAN 77 sedimentation agent), and 70.4 parts of deionized water.

[0047] The preparation method of the cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

[0048] Deionized water, tricarboxylic acid (rust inhibitor), dodecanoic acid (rust inhibitor), triethanolamine (organic alcohol amine), and BTA (copper corrosion inhibitor) are added in a dry stirring kettle in sequence, mixed and heated to 45°C, and then polyethylene glycol 400, AEO-3P (phosphate ester), nano-copper particles modified with xanthogenic acid, MBM (preservative and bactericide), and polyquaternary ammonium salt (sedimentation agent) are added in sequence and stirred evenly. After filtering, the cutting fluid product is obtained.

[0049] The components of the water-based cutting fluids of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1

[0051]

[0052] The water-based cutting fluids of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested, and their extrusion data are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Table 2

[0054]

[0055] As can be seen from Table 2, the PB values ​​of the water-based cutting fluids obtained in Examples 1-4 to which the water-soluble nano-copper lubricant of the present invention is added are significantly improved compared to Comparative Example 1, and are relatively close to the PB values ​​of Comparative Examples 2-3.

[0056] In order to further verify the lubrication performance of the water-based cutting fluid containing the water-soluble nano-copper of the present invention, a compound friction test was performed using an SRV-5 friction tester. The results are as follows: Figure 1-2 The wear roughness is shown in Table 3. Among them, the test materials are: YG8 upper ball; 304 stainless steel lower plate; force: 400N; vibration frequency: 20Hz; friction length: 2mm; test time: 300s.

[0057] Table 3

[0058] Wear roughness (Sa:μm) Example 1 1.785 Example 2 1.773 Example 3 1.864 Example 4 1.738 Comparative Example 1 2.164 Comparative Example 2 1.790 Comparative Example 3 1.765

[0059] pass Figure 1 The friction curve data shown is similar to Figure 2 The wear of the upper ball and the lower plate is observed under the super depth of field shown (where the left side is the super depth of field image of the 304 stainless steel lower plate; the right side is the super depth of field image of the YG8 upper ball). Comparative Example 1 (without nano copper lubricant) and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 add nano copper particles (modified with xanthogenic acid), and compared with Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 adding water-soluble nano copper lubricants, the friction curve trend is high, the friction coefficient is large, the YG8 upper ball wears greatly, and the 304 stainless steel lower plate wears black and has large roughness. It can be found that the addition of nano copper lubricants can significantly improve lubricity and effectively reduce wear.

[0060] Comparing Comparative Examples 2 and 3 with Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4, it can be found that the friction coefficient of the water-soluble nano-copper lubricant of the present invention is small, the curve trend is low, and the lubrication performance is better than that of the nano-copper particles (modified with xanthate). In Example 4, AEO-3P and water-based nano-copper are compounded in a ratio of 1:2, and the friction coefficient is the smallest. The wear spots of the YG8 upper ball and the 304 stainless steel lower plate are shallow and the roughness is low, indicating that the formed oil film is stable and has stronger protection for the metal. It can be found that when fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate is compounded with the water-soluble nano-copper lubricant of the present invention, a synergistic effect can be produced, which can provide more efficient lubricity.

[0061] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above implementation. As long as the technical effect of the present invention is achieved by the same means, it should belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Within the protection scope of the present invention, its technical scheme and / or implementation method can have various modifications and changes.

Claims

1. A water-based cutting fluid, characterized in that: The components thereof include, by weight: 1-5 parts of a water-soluble nano copper lubricant, 2-8 parts of a rust inhibitor, 0.2-0.5 parts of a copper corrosion inhibitor, 5-15 parts of an organic alcohol amine, 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.5-4 parts of a phosphate ester, 1-3 parts of an antiseptic and bactericide, and 0.1-1 parts of a sedimentation agent; the preparation method of the water-soluble nano copper lubricant includes the following steps: Anhydrous copper sulfate, hydrogen peroxide, an antioxidant and dilute hydrochloric acid are mixed in an aqueous solution system, and reacted at 160° C.-180° C. and a carbon monoxide atmosphere for 8-10 hours, then cooled to 45° C.-50° C., maintained for 24 hours-30 hours, filtered and washed to obtain the water-soluble nano copper lubricant.

2. The water-based cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 15%-20%; and / or the antioxidant is a phenol-based antioxidant; and / or the mass ratio of the hydrogen peroxide, water, and anhydrous copper sulfate is (10-20): (80-100): (20-40); and / or the mass concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%-10%.

3. The water-based cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phosphate ester is at least one of aryl phosphate ester, phosphite ester and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate ester.

4. The water-based cutting fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The phosphate ester is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate.

5. The water-based cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rust inhibitor is at least one of undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, sebacic acid and tricarboxylic acid.

6. The water-based cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper corrosion inhibitor is at least one of benzotriazole and methylbenzotriazole.

7. The water-based cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic alcohol amine is at least one of monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, diglycolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol.

8. The water-based cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preservative and bactericidal agent is at least one of s-triazine, N,N-methylenebismorpholine, kasone and sodium pyrithione.

9. The water-based cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation agent is at least one of polyquaternary ammonium salt, polyacrylamide and polyurethane.

10. A method for preparing a water-based cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The rust inhibitor, the organic alcohol amine and the copper corrosion inhibitor are dispersed in water, and the polyethylene glycol, the phosphate ester, the water-soluble nano copper lubricant, the preservative and bactericidal agent and the sedimentation agent are added in sequence at 40° C.-55° C., and the mixture is mixed to obtain the water-based cutting fluid.

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