Method and device for determining reservoir fluid channeling channel position and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for determining the position of a reservoir fluid channeling channel and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation and carbon sequestration. The method comprises the steps that in the process of injecting preset gas into a target reservoir, it is determined that a channeling channel exists in the target reservoir; performing grid division on the region where the target reservoir is located to obtain a plurality of reservoir grid regions; acquiring a first reservoir gas flow rate and a first reservoir pressure value corresponding to the current time step of each reservoir grid region, and a second reservoir gas flow rate and a second reservoir pressure value corresponding to the previous time step of each reservoir grid region; and according to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the first reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value, determining a target reservoir grid region covered by the channeling channel in the plurality of reservoir grid regions so as to obtain the position of the channeling channel in the target reservoir, according to the invention, the position of the channeling channel in the target reservoir can be accurately determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas production and carbon sequestration, and in particular to a method, device and storage medium for determining the position of a crossflow channel. Background Art

[0002] At present, due to the increasing emission of carbon dioxide, the greenhouse effect is becoming increasingly stronger, which accelerates the speed of global warming. In order to achieve carbon emission reduction and alleviate the urgent situation of global warming, carbon dioxide can be isolated from the atmosphere and injected into oil and gas reservoirs, so that carbon dioxide can be stored while achieving oil and gas production. In addition to oil and gas reservoirs, carbon dioxide can also be stored in other types of geological reservoirs such as saline layers, coal seams, and shale. However, during the process of oil and gas production and carbon dioxide storage, the permeability and heterogeneity in the reservoir will cause carbon dioxide to flow preferentially in the high permeability path, thus forming a crossflow channel. The emergence of crossflow channels will affect the efficiency of oil and gas production and the storage efficiency of carbon dioxide, and may even cause carbon dioxide to flow to adjacent production wells or storage wells, interfering with normal injection and production operations.

[0003] Generally speaking, the existing technology usually determines the location of the crossflow channel in the reservoir based on the technicians' rough judgment of the reservoir and their operating experience. However, in the process of determining the location of the crossflow channel in the reservoir, the technicians only rely on their judgment and operating experience, lack the support of scientific data, and there is a problem of low accuracy in determining the location of the crossflow channel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining the position of a crossflow channel in a reservoir, so as to solve the problem of low accuracy in determining the position of the crossflow channel in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first aspect of the present application provides a method for determining the location of a reservoir crossflow channel, the method comprising:

[0006] During the process of injecting a preset gas into the target reservoir, determining that a crossflow channel exists in the target reservoir;

[0007] Divide the area where the target reservoir is located into grids to obtain a plurality of reservoir grid areas;

[0008] Obtaining the first reservoir gas flow rate and the first reservoir pressure value corresponding to each reservoir grid area at the current time step, and the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value corresponding to each reservoir grid area at the previous time step;

[0009] According to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the first reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value, the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in multiple reservoir grid areas is determined to obtain the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, determining whether there is a crossflow channel in a target reservoir includes: obtaining reservoir characteristic parameters, gas injection parameters and reservoir pressure parameters of the target reservoir, wherein the reservoir characteristic parameters include a permeability heterogeneity index and a reservoir gas production, the gas injection parameters include a total gas injection volume and a reservoir gas flow rate, and the reservoir pressure parameters include a reservoir pressure difference; determining the sum of the products of the permeability heterogeneity index, the total gas injection volume, the reservoir gas flow rate, the reservoir pressure difference and the daily gas production, respectively, and corresponding preset weight coefficients to obtain a crossflow risk value for the target reservoir; when the crossflow risk value is greater than a preset crossflow risk threshold, determining that there is a crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, a target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in multiple reservoir grid areas is determined based on a first reservoir gas flow rate, a first reservoir pressure value, a second reservoir gas flow rate, and a second reservoir pressure value to obtain the location of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir, including: determining a first difference between the first reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir gas flow rate, and a second difference between the first reservoir pressure value and the first reservoir pressure value; when it is determined that the first difference is greater than a preset gas flow rate threshold, and the second difference is greater than a preset reservoir pressure threshold, determining the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in multiple reservoir grid areas to obtain the location of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, a target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in multiple reservoir grid areas is determined according to a first reservoir gas flow rate, a first reservoir pressure value, a second reservoir gas flow rate and a second reservoir pressure value to obtain the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir, including: based on a pre-constructed crossflow channel determination model, the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in multiple reservoir grid areas is determined according to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the first reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value to obtain the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, the method also includes: obtaining the sealed gas volume, oil and gas production, unsealed gas volume, water production and reservoir pressure difference corresponding to the current time step; determining a first pre-reward value, a second pre-reward value, a third pre-reward value, a fourth pre-reward value and a fifth pre-reward value, wherein the first pre-reward value is determined according to the sealed gas volume and the first pre-reward value is positively correlated with the sealed gas volume, the second pre-reward value is determined according to the oil and gas production and the second pre-reward value is positively correlated with the oil and gas production, the third pre-reward value is determined according to the unsealed gas volume and is positively correlated with the unsealed gas volume, the fourth pre-reward value is determined according to the water production and is positively correlated with the water production, and the fifth pre-reward value is determined according to the water production and is positively correlated with the water production. The five pre-reward values ​​are determined according to the reservoir pressure difference and are positively correlated with the reservoir pressure difference; a first product value of a first preset weight value and a first pre-reward value, a second product value of a second preset weight value and a second pre-reward value, a third product value of a third preset weight value and a third pre-reward value, a fourth product value of a fourth preset weight value and a fourth pre-reward value, and a fifth product value of a fifth preset weight value and a fifth pre-reward value are respectively determined; a target reward value corresponding to a current time step is determined according to the first product value, the second product value, the third product value, the fourth product value, and the fifth product value; based on the target reward value, the model parameters of the crossflow channel determination model are updated to obtain an updated crossflow channel determination model.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, the target reward value corresponding to the current time step is determined according to the first product value, the second product value, the third product value, the fourth product value and the fifth product value, including: determining the sum of the first product value and the second product value to obtain the first reward value; determining the third product value, the fourth product value and the fifth product value to obtain the second reward value; determining the difference between the first reward value and the second reward value to obtain the target reward value corresponding to the current time step.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, the crossflow channel determination model is a reinforcement learning model.

[0016] A second aspect of the present application provides a device for determining the position of a crossflow channel, comprising: a memory configured to store instructions; and a processor configured to call instructions from the memory and implement the above-mentioned method for determining the position of a crossflow channel in a reservoir when executing the instructions.

[0017] A third aspect of the present application provides a device for determining the position of a crossflow channel, comprising: the device for determining the position of a crossflow channel in a reservoir according to the above-mentioned device.

[0018] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions being used to enable a machine to execute the above-mentioned method for determining the location of a reservoir crossflow channel.

[0019] The above technical scheme determines the existence of a crossflow channel in the target reservoir during the process of injecting a preset gas into the target reservoir; then, the area where the target reservoir is located is gridded to obtain a plurality of reservoir grid areas; based on this, the first reservoir gas flow rate and real-time reservoir pressure value corresponding to each reservoir grid area at the current time step, the reference reservoir pressure value of each reservoir grid area and the second reservoir gas flow rate corresponding to the previous time step are obtained; further, according to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the real-time reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate and the reference reservoir pressure value, the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in the plurality of reservoir grid areas is determined to obtain the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir, so that the gas flow rate and reservoir pressure value in the target reservoir are used as the judgment basis for determining the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir, while reducing the dependence on technical personnel, it also has the support of scientific data, and can accurately determine the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for determining the location of a reservoir crossflow channel according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] It should be noted that the acquisition, transmission, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application are in compliance with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations. In the embodiments of this application, some existing solutions in the industry such as certain software, components, and models may be mentioned, which should be considered as exemplary. Their purpose is only to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of this application, but it does not mean that the applicant has or will necessarily use the solution.

[0025] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0026] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0027] Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a method for determining the location of a reservoir crossflow channel according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining the location of a reservoir crossflow channel, which is described by taking the method applied to a processor as an example. The method may include the following steps:

[0028] Step S101, during the process of injecting a preset gas into a target reservoir, determining whether a crossflow channel exists in the target reservoir.

[0029] Step S102, gridding the area where the target reservoir is located to obtain a plurality of reservoir grid areas.

[0030] Step S103, obtaining the first reservoir gas flow rate and the first reservoir pressure value corresponding to each reservoir grid area at the current time step, and the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value corresponding to each reservoir grid area at the previous time step.

[0031] Step S104, determining the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in multiple reservoir grid areas according to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the first reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value, so as to obtain the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

[0032] It can be understood that the preset gas may include but is not limited to carbon dioxide. The target reservoir may include but is not limited to a reservoir into which the preset gas is injected. The time step may be a moment or a preset duration (for example, within 1 second). The current time step may be the current moment or the current preset duration, and correspondingly, the previous time step may be the previous moment or the previous preset duration, and the previous time step may be the previous time step adjacent to the current time step. The reservoir grid area may be a part of the area where the target reservoir is located, and the number of reservoir grid areas may be multiple (for example, 25). The reservoir gas flow rate is the flow rate of the gas inside the target reservoir. Different reservoir grid areas correspond to different first reservoir gas flow rates and real-time reservoir pressure values. The number of target reservoir grid areas may be multiple, and the target reservoir grid area is a plurality of reservoir grid areas where crossflow channels appear in the reservoir grid area, and the position of the crossflow channel may be represented by row and column numbers.

[0033] Specifically, during the process of injecting a preset gas into the target reservoir, after determining that there is a crossflow channel in the target reservoir, the area where the target reservoir is located is gridded into multiple reservoir grid areas, and a high-resolution target reservoir distribution map is generated. In addition, the target reservoir distribution map can also intuitively indicate the location of the crossflow channel in each reservoir grid area, so that the target reservoir grid area covered with the crossflow channel can be marked in the target reservoir distribution map, and specific spatial coordinates or row and column numbers can be generated to accurately determine the location of the crossflow channel.

[0034] The above method for determining reservoir crossflow channels determines the presence of crossflow channels in the target reservoir during the process of injecting a preset gas into the target reservoir; then, the area where the target reservoir is located is gridded to obtain multiple reservoir grid areas; based on this, the first reservoir gas flow rate and real-time reservoir pressure value corresponding to each reservoir grid area at the current time step, the reference reservoir pressure value of each reservoir grid area and the second reservoir gas flow rate corresponding to the previous time step are obtained; further, according to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the real-time reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate and the reference reservoir pressure value, the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channels in the multiple reservoir grid areas is determined to obtain the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir. In this way, the gas flow rate and reservoir pressure value in the target reservoir are used as the judgment basis for determining the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir. While reducing the dependence on technical personnel, it also has the support of scientific data, and can accurately determine the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

[0035] In one embodiment, determining whether there is a crossflow channel in a target reservoir may include: obtaining reservoir characteristic parameters, gas injection parameters and reservoir pressure parameters of the target reservoir, wherein the reservoir characteristic parameters include a permeability heterogeneity index and a reservoir gas production, the gas injection parameters include a total gas injection volume and a reservoir gas flow rate, and the reservoir pressure parameters include a reservoir pressure difference; determining the sum of the products of the permeability heterogeneity index, the total gas injection volume, the reservoir gas flow rate, the reservoir pressure difference and the daily gas production, respectively, and corresponding preset weight coefficients to obtain a crossflow risk value for the target reservoir; and determining that there is a crossflow channel in the target reservoir when the crossflow risk value is greater than a preset crossflow risk threshold.

[0036] It can be understood that the reservoir characteristic parameters may include but are not limited to the permeability heterogeneity index and the reservoir gas production, and the reservoir gas production can be set to the reservoir gas production of a preset time (e.g., 24 hours). The gas injection parameters may include but are not limited to the total amount of gas injection and the reservoir gas flow rate, wherein the total amount of gas injection is the total amount of injection of the preset gas (e.g., carbon dioxide), which is used to predict the fluid volume pressure load in the reservoir, and the reservoir gas flow rate reflects the flow rate of the preset gas (e.g., carbon dioxide) in the target reservoir. The reservoir pressure parameters include but are not limited to the reservoir pressure difference, which is the difference between the reservoir pressure value of the target reservoir at the current time step and the reference reservoir pressure value, which is used to evaluate the pressure distribution state of the pure domestic as a whole, wherein the reference reservoir pressure value is the initial pressure value of the target reservoir in the natural equilibrium state without any preset gas injection or production operation. The preset weight coefficient is a preset weight coefficient. The crossflow risk value is a judgment indicator of whether there is a crossflow channel in the target reservoir, and the preset crossflow risk threshold is a preset crossflow risk threshold. The preset weight coefficient is a weight coefficient corresponding to each preset parameter.

[0037] Specifically, the crossflow risk value can be determined by the following formula:

[0038] S=w1·V+w2·ΔP+w3·Q+w4·A+w5·T

[0039] Among them, S is the crossflow risk value, V is the reservoir gas flow rate, ΔP is the reservoir pressure difference, Q is the reservoir gas production, A is the permeability heterogeneity index, T is the total gas injection amount, w1 is the weight coefficient corresponding to the reservoir gas flow rate, w2 is the weight coefficient corresponding to the reservoir pressure difference, w3 is the weight coefficient corresponding to the reservoir gas production, w4 is the weight coefficient corresponding to the permeability heterogeneity index, and w5 is the weight coefficient corresponding to the total volume injection amount.

[0040] After determining the crossflow risk value corresponding to the current time step, the crossflow risk value is compared with the crossflow risk threshold. If the crossflow risk value is less than or equal to the preset crossflow risk threshold, it is determined that the severity of the crossflow phenomenon in the target reservoir is small and there is no crossflow channel. If the crossflow risk value is greater than the preset crossflow risk threshold, the severity of the crossflow phenomenon is large and a crossflow channel has been formed.

[0041] After determining the crossflow risk value, the processor can also determine the crossflow risk trend based on the crossflow risk value, identify the difference between the current crossflow situation and historical data, and then determine whether stronger control measures need to be triggered based on the crossflow risk trend. The crossflow risk trend can be determined by the following formula:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, S mean and S std are the mean and standard deviation of the historical crossflow risk values. norm is the standardized cross-flow risk value. C is the preset adjustment factor.

[0044] When S norm When S is low, the reservoir gas velocity, reservoir pressure difference and reservoir gas production are all within the normal range, and a lower injection rate or appropriate adjustment of the injection point can be adopted to optimize the sealing effect. norm When S is medium, the injected gas gathers and the flow rate increases. The crossflow channel determination model can suggest adjusting the injection point position or using the gas-water alternating injection method to ensure the sealing stability. norm When it is higher than the critical value, the model automatically triggers strong control measures such as plugging agent injection to reduce the impact of crossflow on the reservoir and ensure the safety and stability of the storage process of injected gas (such as carbon dioxide).

[0045] By obtaining the reservoir characteristic parameters, gas injection parameters and reservoir pressure parameters in the target reservoir, the crossflow risk value of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir can be determined to quantify the severity of the crossflow phenomenon in the target reservoir, and the crossflow risk value and the crossflow risk threshold can be compared. If it is determined that there is a crossflow channel in the target reservoir, the target reservoir area covered by the crossflow channel can be immediately determined, so that adjustment strategies (adjusting the injection rate of the gas injection equipment or blocking the crossflow channel, etc.) can be made in time for prevention and control.

[0046] In one embodiment, based on a first reservoir gas flow rate, a first reservoir pressure value, a second reservoir gas flow rate, and a second reservoir pressure value, determining a target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in a plurality of reservoir grid areas to obtain the location of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir may include: determining a first difference between the first reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir gas flow rate, and a second difference between the first reservoir pressure value and the first reservoir pressure value; and when it is determined that the first difference is greater than a preset gas flow rate threshold, and the second difference is greater than a preset reservoir pressure threshold, determining the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in a plurality of reservoir grid areas to obtain the location of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

[0047] It can be understood that the preset gas flow rate threshold may be a preset gas flow rate threshold, and the preset reservoir pressure threshold may be a preset reservoir pressure threshold.

[0048] Specifically, the first difference can be determined by calculating the difference between the gas flow rate of the first reservoir and the gas flow rate of the second reservoir. At the same time, the second difference can be determined by calculating the difference between the first reservoir pressure value and the second reservoir pressure value. The first difference and the preset gas flow rate threshold, and the second difference and the preset reservoir pressure threshold are compared respectively. Under the conditions that the first difference is greater than the preset gas flow rate threshold, and the second difference is greater than the preset reservoir pressure threshold, it can be determined that there are abnormal changes in reservoir pressure and gas flow rate (for example: a significant decrease in reservoir pressure value or a sudden increase in gas flow rate) in some areas of multiple reservoir grid areas. In this way, it can be determined that the reservoir grid area where this situation exists is covered with crossflow channels. Based on this, the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir can be accurately determined by comparing with real-time data.

[0049] In addition, the processor can also call historical data for crossflow pattern matching to determine whether there are similar crossflow patterns in the historical data between the gas flow rate of the first reservoir and the gas flow rate of the second reservoir, and the pressure value of the first reservoir and the pressure value of the second reservoir. The processor can further determine the spatial distribution of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir, and formulate crossflow prevention and control strategies by classification and grading to provide guarantees for efficient oil and gas exploitation and carbon storage.

[0050] In one embodiment, according to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the first reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value, the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in multiple reservoir grid areas is determined to obtain the location of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir, which may include: based on a pre-constructed crossflow channel determination model, according to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the first reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value, the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in multiple reservoir grid areas is determined to obtain the location of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

[0051] It is understandable that the crossflow channel determination model can be constructed in advance.

[0052] Specifically, a pressure sensor or other reservoir pressure determination device is set in the target reservoir, and a gas flow rate sensor or other reservoir gas flow rate determination device can also be set in the target reservoir. The processor obtains the first reservoir gas flow rate and the first reservoir pressure value of the target reservoir at the current time step, and the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value of the target reservoir at the previous time step through the corresponding sensor inside the target reservoir, and inputs them into the crossflow channel determination model. After processing the above values, the crossflow channel determination model determines the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in multiple reservoir grid areas, and outputs the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

[0053] Through the crossflow channel determination model, real-time parameters in the target reservoir can be input to accurately determine the location of the crossflow channel, reduce dependence on technical personnel, and combine real-time acquired data to improve the accuracy of judging the location of the crossflow channel.

[0054] In one embodiment, the method may further include: obtaining the sealed gas volume, oil and gas production, unsealed gas volume, water production and reservoir pressure difference corresponding to the current time step; determining a first pre-reward value, a second pre-reward value, a third pre-reward value, a fourth pre-reward value and a fifth pre-reward value, wherein the first pre-reward value is determined according to the sealed gas volume and the first pre-reward value is positively correlated with the sealed gas volume, the second pre-reward value is determined according to the oil and gas production and the second pre-reward value is positively correlated with the oil and gas production, the third pre-reward value is determined according to the unsealed gas volume and is positively correlated with the unsealed gas volume, the fourth pre-reward value is determined according to the water production and is positively correlated with the water production, and the fifth pre-reward value is determined according to the water production and is positively correlated with the water production. The five pre-reward values ​​are determined according to the reservoir pressure difference and are positively correlated with the reservoir pressure difference; a first product value of a first preset weight value and a first pre-reward value, a second product value of a second preset weight value and a second pre-reward value, a third product value of a third preset weight value and a third pre-reward value, a fourth product value of a fourth preset weight value and a fourth pre-reward value, and a fifth product value of a fifth preset weight value and a fifth pre-reward value are respectively determined; a target reward value corresponding to a current time step is determined according to the first product value, the second product value, the third product value, the fourth product value, and the fifth product value; based on the target reward value, the model parameters of the crossflow channel determination model are updated to obtain an updated crossflow channel determination model.

[0055] It can be understood that the sealed gas volume is the preset gas volume (such as carbon dioxide volume) that has been sealed. The oil and gas production is the sum of the crude oil production and the natural gas production in the reservoir. The water production is the production of groundwater in the reservoir. The unsealed gas volume is the gas volume that causes the crossflow channel in the reservoir. The reservoir pressure difference is the difference between the real-time reservoir pressure value and the reference reservoir pressure value. The first pre-reward value, the second pre-reward value, the third pre-reward value, the fourth pre-reward value and the fifth pre-reward value are respectively determined by the sealed gas volume, the oil and gas production, the unsealed gas volume, the water production and the reservoir pressure difference, and are positively correlated therewith. The first preset weight value, the second preset weight value, the third preset weight value, the fourth preset weight value and the fifth preset weight value can be preset, and the updated crossflow channel determination model can be the crossflow channel determination model after the parameter update.

[0056] By determining the target reward value, the real-time state changes of the target reservoir can be accurately reflected, and the injection strategy of the gas injection equipment controlled by the crossflow channel determination model can be optimized, and the injection strategy includes the injection position and the injection gas flow rate. Specifically: each reward item in the target reward value is dynamically adjusted based on different variables inside the reservoir. The first pre-reward value can be determined by the volume of sealed gas. The larger the volume of sealed gas, the higher the first pre-reward value is, so as to improve the efficiency of sealed gas. Similarly, the second pre-reward value, the third pre-reward value, the fourth pre-reward value and the fifth pre-reward value are respectively determined by the oil and gas production, the volume of unsealed gas, the water production and the reservoir pressure difference, and are positively correlated with the oil and gas production, the volume of unsealed gas, the water production and the reservoir pressure difference, so as to ensure the stability of reservoir pressure and improve operational safety.

[0057] In each time step, the above-mentioned pre-reward values ​​(first pre-reward value, second pre-reward value, third pre-reward value, fourth pre-reward value and fifth pre-reward value) will be recalculated based on these real-time variables so that the target reward value can accurately reflect the reservoir state of the current target reservoir.

[0058] In one embodiment, determining the target reward value corresponding to the current time step according to the first product value, the second product value, the third product value, the fourth product value and the fifth product value may include: determining the sum of the first product value and the second product value to obtain the first reward value; determining the third product value, the fourth product value and the fifth product value to obtain the second reward value; determining the difference between the first reward value and the second reward value to obtain the target reward value corresponding to the current time step.

[0059] Specifically, the target reward value can be determined by the following formula:

[0060] R=k1·r1+k2·r2-k3·r3-k4·r4-k5·r5

[0061] Among them, R is the target reward value, k1 is the first preset weight value, k2 is the second preset weight value, k3 is the third preset weight value, k4 is the fourth preset weight value, k5 is the fifth preset weight value, r1 is the first pre-reward value, r2 is the second pre-reward value, r3 is the third pre-reward value, r4 is the fourth pre-reward value and r5 is the fifth pre-reward value.

[0062] In one embodiment, the crossflow channel determination model may be a reinforcement learning model.

[0063] It can be understood that reinforcement learning, also known as reinforcement learning, evaluation learning or enhanced learning, is an important branch in the field of machine learning. The reinforcement learning model is a model that uses the reinforcement learning algorithm.

[0064] Specifically, the reinforcement learning model is used to make the recognition process more automated and intelligent through data preprocessing and experience playback technology, with the characteristics of rapid recognition and advanced analysis. The model automatically extracts past interaction samples for current training, which not only effectively breaks the time series correlation and avoids local optimal solutions, but also continuously improves the recognition accuracy and speed. As the number of model applications increases, its recognition performance is gradually enhanced, achieving faster and more accurate gas channel recognition, fully meeting the recognition needs of carbon dioxide gas channel recognition under complex reservoir conditions.

[0065] In another embodiment, the processor can determine multiple parameters, such as porosity, permeability, initial saturation, total amount of injected gas, reservoir gas density, production channel volume, gas channel pore cross-sectional area, formation crude oil density, gas production rate, injected gas volume, reservoir gas production, reservoir oil production, reservoir water production, gas injection rate and reservoir pressure difference, as input parameters of the channel determination model, wherein the porosity, permeability, initial saturation and total amount of injected gas are used to describe the physical properties of the target reservoir and the initial distribution of the preset gas (carbon dioxide) in the target reservoir. The reservoir gas production, reservoir oil production, reservoir water production, gas injection rate and reservoir pressure difference are used to reflect the real-time status of various fluids during the production process of the reservoir and the gas injection process. The above parameters can be obtained through various monitoring equipment, porosity and permeability can be measured by geological logging equipment, initial saturation can be determined by core analysis, the total amount of injected gas can be recorded by gas injection equipment, reservoir gas production, reservoir oil production and reservoir water production can be measured by wellhead flowmeters, gas injection rate and reservoir pressure difference can be monitored in real time by gas injection equipment (such as injection pump) and pressure sensor respectively. In order to further improve the accuracy of data and the applicability of the model, data from past literature can be combined as initial estimates, and optimized and corrected through field monitoring data to ensure that the crossflow channel determination model can accurately reflect the reservoir state and optimize the identification and governance strategies.

[0066] In order to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data, the processor can also perform data preprocessing on the raw data (data obtained from real-time monitoring). Data preprocessing can include steps such as data cleaning, normalization, and time series arrangement. The data cleaning process aims to remove noise and outliers to ensure the accuracy of the data; normalization is to scale the data to a uniform scale range, usually using a normalization formula for processing.

[0067] The normalization formula can be:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, x new is the normalized data, xold is the original data, x min and x max are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the original data respectively.

[0070] The channel determination model is based on the reward value R obtained after executing the action. t and the next state S t+1 Update the Q value, and the update formula is:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, α is the learning rate, which controls the update step size; γ is the discount factor, which determines the current value of the future reward; Q value Q(S t ,a t ) represents the current state S of the target reservoir t Next select Action A t The cumulative expected reward obtained, the target Q value is determined by the immediate reward R t and the next state S t+1 The maximum Q value in Through continuous training, the crossflow channel determination model can gradually approach the optimal strategy, allowing the crossflow channel determination model to autonomously learn and optimize the migration path and storage strategy of carbon dioxide in a complex geological environment.

[0073] When the cross-flow channel determines the model in state S t Perform a specific action a t Then get the reward value R t , and enter the next state S t+1 When the model calculates the difference between the current Q value and the target Q value. The target Q value is determined by the immediate reward R t and the next state S t+1 The maximum Q value in The reservoir state S of the target reservoir t Including but not limited to porosity, permeability, initial saturation, total amount of injected gas, reservoir gas density, production channel volume, gas channel pore cross-sectional area, formation crude oil density, gas productivity, injected gas volume, reservoir gas production, reservoir oil production, reservoir water production, gas injection rate and reservoir pressure difference. These parameters are used to describe the physical properties and production dynamics of the reservoir, ensuring that the model can comprehensively consider the actual changes in reservoir and production conditions when updating the Q value. During each update, the difference value adjusts the Q value through the learning rate α, gradually optimizing the decision-making ability of the crossflow channel determination model in reservoir management, so that the model parameters can better reflect the reservoir state and achieve accurate optimization of the carbon dioxide migration path and storage strategy.

[0074] In a specific embodiment, the crossflow channel determination model can also predict the occurrence time of gas crossflow in the target reservoir, and effective preventive measures can be taken before the gas crossflow occurs, such as adjusting the injection rate or increasing the density of the wellbore pressure fluid, thereby reducing the impact of the gas crossflow on the reservoir storage stability and ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the carbon dioxide storage process.

[0075] The core formula for predicting the occurrence time of gas channeling is as follows:

[0076]

[0077] Where Q(t) represents the gas velocity or flow rate at time t, k is the permeability of the reservoir, which represents the resistance of the reservoir to fluid penetration, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the seepage channel, measured in square meters, Δp is the pressure difference between the injection point and the production point in the reservoir, μ is the viscosity of the fluid, measured in Pascal seconds (Pa·s), L represents the path length of the gas flow in the reservoir, t is the time when the gas channeling phenomenon needs to be predicted, t0 is the initial moment, which usually represents the time when the injection operation starts, and σ represents the standard deviation of the gas flow rate change time series, which is used to describe the fluctuation characteristics of the time change during the gas flow process, especially the fluctuation amplitude at different flow rates.

[0078] In a specific embodiment, the total cost of the treatment process can be determined by the crossflow channel determination model, so as to judge the economy and effectiveness of the treatment strategy of the crossflow channel determination model, thereby reducing the waste of resources in the treatment process while maintaining high sealing efficiency. The total cost can be determined by the following formula:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, Cost total Represents the total cost accumulated during the entire governance process. injection (t) represents the cost of the injection operation at time t. pressure (t) represents the cost of adjusting the reservoir pressure at time t. relocation (t) represents the cost of adjusting the injection point position at time t.

[0081] Taking the management process of carbon dioxide storage as an example, after the management process is completed, the effect of the management strategy is comprehensively evaluated by analyzing the monitoring data. Combined with the adjustment records of the crossflow channel determination model during the management process, the following key conclusions can be drawn: First, the storage effect is evaluated by the carbon dioxide storage capacity index, that is, the proportion of successfully stored carbon dioxide to the total injection volume, which is usually required to reach 90% or more to be considered as a good storage effect. Secondly, the control effect of the gas crossflow phenomenon is judged by the gas crossflow control index. This index is measured by the gas crossflow reduction rate. It is usually stipulated that the reduction rate must reach 30% or more to be considered as effective control of gas crossflow. Finally, the resource utilization efficiency is evaluated by the carbon dioxide utilization efficiency index, that is, the ratio of the amount of successfully stored carbon dioxide to the total amount of carbon dioxide consumed in the management process, which usually needs to reach 80% or more to ensure the economy of resource utilization and avoid waste. The above quantitative indicators can scientifically judge the effectiveness of the management strategy and provide a basis for further optimization of the strategy to ensure the stability and long-term effectiveness of the carbon dioxide storage process.

[0082] In order to further quantify the governance effect, this application can introduce a comprehensive benefit function to calculate the governance benefits under different combinations of governance parameters:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, E total represents the comprehensive benefits of the treatment process, S(t) is the storage efficiency, G(t) is the amount of gas not sealed, R(t) is the resource cost, w1, w2 and w3 represent the weights of the storage efficiency, the amount of gas not sealed and the resource cost respectively. The core of the optimization process is to adjust these weight coefficients to achieve the best treatment effect: first, by increasing the weight of w1, the storage efficiency of carbon dioxide is maximized so that it can achieve the expected storage effect; second, by adjusting the weight of w2, the frequency and scale of gas channeling can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing the impact of gas leakage on the storage process and ensuring the stability and safety of gas in the reservoir; finally, by optimizing the weight of w3, it is ensured that on the basis of meeting the needs of storage and gas channeling control, the use of resources reaches the best state and avoids unnecessary waste. Through this weight optimization adjustment, a balance is achieved between storage efficiency, gas channeling control and resource cost, ensuring that the treatment process obtains the maximum benefit at the minimum resource cost, and ensuring economy and long-term stability.

[0085] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application also provides a device for determining the position of a crossflow channel, which may include: a memory configured to store instructions; and a processor configured to call instructions from the memory and implement the above-mentioned method for determining the position of a crossflow channel in a reservoir when executing the instructions.

[0086] The third aspect of the embodiment of the present application further provides a device for determining the position of a crossflow channel, which may include: the device for determining the position of a crossflow channel in a reservoir according to the above-mentioned device.

[0087] A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application further provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions being used to enable a machine to execute the above-mentioned method for determining the location of a reservoir crossflow channel.

[0088] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0089] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0090] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0091] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the computer or other programmable device. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0092] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0093] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0094] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0095] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0096] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the location of a reservoir crossflow channel, characterized in that: The method comprises: During the process of injecting a preset gas into the target reservoir, determining that a crossflow channel exists in the target reservoir; Dividing the area where the target reservoir is located into grids to obtain a plurality of reservoir grid areas; Obtaining a first reservoir gas flow rate and a first reservoir pressure value corresponding to each of the reservoir grid regions at a current time step, and a second reservoir gas flow rate and a second reservoir pressure value corresponding to each of the reservoir grid regions at a previous time step; According to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the first reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value, the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel among the multiple reservoir grid areas is determined to obtain the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining whether there is a crossflow channel in the target reservoir comprises: Acquire reservoir characteristic parameters, gas injection parameters and reservoir pressure parameters of the target reservoir, wherein the reservoir characteristic parameters include permeability heterogeneity index and reservoir gas production, the gas injection parameters include total gas injection volume and reservoir gas flow rate, and the reservoir pressure parameters include reservoir pressure difference; Determine the sum of the products of the permeability heterogeneity index, the total amount of gas injection, the reservoir gas flow rate, the reservoir pressure difference and the daily gas production, respectively, and the corresponding preset weight coefficients, to obtain a crossflow risk value of the target reservoir; When the crossflow risk value is greater than a preset crossflow risk threshold, it is determined that a crossflow channel exists in the target reservoir.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of determining a target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in the plurality of reservoir grid areas according to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the first reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate, and the second reservoir pressure value, so as to obtain a position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir, comprises: determining a first difference between the first reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir gas flow rate, and a second difference between the first reservoir pressure value and the first reservoir pressure value; When it is determined that the first difference is greater than a preset gas flow rate threshold and the second difference is greater than a preset reservoir pressure threshold, the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel among the multiple reservoir grid areas is determined to obtain the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of determining a target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel in the plurality of reservoir grid areas according to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the first reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate, and the second reservoir pressure value, so as to obtain a position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir, comprises: Based on a pre-constructed crossflow channel determination model, the target reservoir grid area covered by the crossflow channel among the multiple reservoir grid areas is determined according to the first reservoir gas flow rate, the first reservoir pressure value, the second reservoir gas flow rate and the second reservoir pressure value to obtain the position of the crossflow channel in the target reservoir.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: Obtain the stored gas volume, oil and gas production, unstored gas volume, water production, and reservoir pressure difference corresponding to the current time step; Determine a first pre-reward value, a second pre-reward value, a third pre-reward value, a fourth pre-reward value, and a fifth pre-reward value, wherein the first pre-reward value is determined according to the sealed gas volume and is positively correlated with the sealed gas volume, the second pre-reward value is determined according to the oil and gas production and is positively correlated with the oil and gas production, the third pre-reward value is determined according to the unsealed gas volume and is positively correlated with the unsealed gas volume, the fourth pre-reward value is determined according to the water production and is positively correlated with the water production, and the fifth pre-reward value is determined according to the reservoir pressure difference and is positively correlated with the reservoir pressure difference; respectively determining a first product value of the first preset weight value and the first pre-reward value, a second product value of the second preset weight value and the second pre-reward value, a third product value of the third preset weight value and the third pre-reward value, a fourth product value of the fourth preset weight value and the fourth pre-reward value, and a fifth product value of the fifth preset weight value and the fifth pre-reward value; Determine a target reward value corresponding to a current time step according to the first product value, the second product value, the third product value, the fourth product value, and the fifth product value; Based on the target reward value, the model parameters of the crossflow channel determination model are updated to obtain an updated crossflow channel determination model.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determining the target reward value corresponding to the current time step according to the first product value, the second product value, the third product value, the fourth product value, and the fifth product value includes: determining a sum of the first product value and the second product value to obtain a first reward value; determining the third product value, the fourth product value, and the fifth product value to obtain a second reward value; A difference between the first reward value and the second reward value is determined to obtain the target reward value corresponding to the current time step.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The crossflow channel determination model is a reinforcement learning model.

8. A device for determining the position of a crossflow channel, characterized in that: include: a memory configured to store instructions; as well as A processor is configured to call the instructions from the memory and implement the method for determining the location of a reservoir crossflow channel according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the instructions.

9. A device for determining the position of a crossflow channel, characterized in that: include: The device for determining the location of a reservoir crossflow channel according to claim 8.

10. A machine-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The machine-readable storage medium stores instructions for causing a machine to execute the method for determining the location of a reservoir crossflow channel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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