Static return clearance testing device and method for large-scale high-load compact precision speed reducer
By designing a reducer testing device including a T-trough base, wooden pad, compression assembly and angle sensor, the problem of limited accuracy of the reducer backhaul gap detection and the high-load-bearing reducer cannot be directly tested in the prior art, and high-precision and fast backhaul gap measurement are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411521147.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-07
AI Technical Summary
The existing reducer backhaul clearance test devices have problems with limited detection accuracy and the inability to directly test high-load compact precision reducers.
A large high-load compact precision reducer static return clearance test device is designed, including a T-slot base, wooden pad, compression assembly, input lock assembly, output adapter shaft, after-force screw, electronic torque wrench, connection screw, auxiliary plate and angle sensor. Through the cooperation of these components, the force measurement and angle detection of the output end of the reducer can be achieved.
This device can measure the static return gap value of the reducer with high accuracy and rapid accuracy, avoiding the impact of radial jump of the output shaft on the result, and is suitable for the detection of high-load compact precision reducers of 20,000Nm and above.
Smart Images
Figure CN119573644A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of reducers, and relates to the testing of reducers, and in particular to a static return clearance testing device and method for a large-scale, high-load, compact, and precise reducer. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous advancement of the global industrialization process, the demand for reducers in various industries is increasing, and the requirements for their performance parameters such as load torque, return clearance, etc. are also constantly improving. In addition, with the requirements for equipment space, some high-load (20000Nm and above) compact precision reducers have begun to take shape.
[0003] The return clearance, or hysteresis, refers to the lag at the output end of the precision reducer in terms of the rotation angle when the direction of motion at the input end of the reducer changes and the direction of motion at the output end changes, which often affects the positioning accuracy of the reducer. Since the return clearance is widely present in reducers with reciprocating rotation, it is very important to measure and detect it.
[0004] At present, the return clearance test of various reducers is carried out on a special test bench, but the existing test equipment has certain defects:
[0005] 1. At present, the return clearance test of various reducers often adopts the connection method of input angle encoder - reducer - output angle encoder, and the return clearance size is determined by verifying its angular hysteresis. The factor affecting the parameter detection accuracy is the accuracy of the corresponding angle encoder. Therefore, the division accuracy and installation accuracy of the angle encoder itself are very important, and the coaxiality between the output shaft with the angle encoder and the reducer is also very critical. Through a large number of tests, it is found that if the radial runout of the output shaft is greater than 0.02mm, the measured transmission error and return error will have large period fluctuations to varying degrees, resulting in deviations in the measurement results.
[0006] 2. For high-load compact precision reducers of 20,000 Nm and above, due to their large size and unconventional shape and structure, they often cannot be directly installed on the test bench for testing. Special tooling is required, and disassembly and assembly are laborious and time-consuming, and their coaxiality cannot be guaranteed.
[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a return clearance test method for high-load compact precision reducers. Summary of the invention
[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a static return clearance testing device and method for a large-scale, high-load-bearing, compact precision reducer, which has the advantages of easy operation, accurate detection and fast detection speed.
[0009] One of the above objects of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
[0010] A static return clearance test device for a large, high-load, compact, and precise reducer, characterized in that it includes a T-slot base, a wooden pad, a clamping assembly, an input-end locking assembly, an output adapter shaft, a force screw, an electronic torque wrench, a connecting screw, an auxiliary plate, and an angle sensor; the output adapter shaft, the force screw, the electronic torque wrench, the connecting screw, the auxiliary plate, and the angle sensor are arranged at the output end of the reducer to form an output-end force measuring assembly;
[0011] The wooden pad is placed on the upper end of the T-slot base, and the upper end of the wooden pad constitutes the placement plane of the reducer; the clamping components are three groups, and the three groups of clamping components are respectively in compression contact with the upper two sides and the middle of the reducer, and the three groups of clamping components are all connected to the T-slot base, so that the reducer is fixed on the top of the wooden pad with the input end and the output end facing upward;
[0012] The input end locking assembly cooperates with the input shaft of the reducer to achieve locking of the input end of the reducer along the circumferential direction;
[0013] A spline hole is provided at the center of the lower part of the output adapter shaft, a center threaded hole is provided at the center of the upper part of the output adapter shaft, and a circle of threaded holes for plate mounting are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the upper part of the output adapter shaft located at the center; the output adapter shaft cooperates with the spline output shaft of the reducer through the spline hole; a force screw is connected in the center threaded hole of the output adapter shaft, and the screw head of the force screw is exposed to form a force application end that cooperates with the electronic torque wrench; the angle sensor is fixed to the outside of the upper end of the auxiliary plate, and a screw through hole is provided at the inner end of the auxiliary plate; the auxiliary plate is fixedly connected to the threaded hole for plate mounting at any position on the output adapter shaft by a connecting screw installed in the screw through hole;
[0014] The electronic torque wrench is used to clamp the screw head of the force screw and apply torque forces in positive and negative directions to the output end of the reducer; the angle sensor is used to detect the rotation angle of the output end when positive and negative torsional forces are applied to the output end of the reducer.
[0015] Moreover, each set of clamping components includes two supporting columns, two T-shaped screws, an adjusting wooden block, and a clamping beam. Bolt insertion holes are arranged at both ends of the clamping beam. The two supporting columns are respectively arranged outside the two sides of the reducer, and the two ends of the clamping beam are supported above the two supporting columns; the lower screw heads of the two T-shaped screws are inserted into the T-slots on the T-slot base, and the upper parts are respectively inserted through the bolt insertion holes at both ends of the clamping beam. By connecting the locking nut at the upper end, the clamping beam is clamped to the corresponding position of the upper end of the reducer through the adjusting wood, thereby realizing the clamping and fixation of the reducer.
[0016] The second objective of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
[0017] A testing method using the large-scale high-load compact precision deceleration static return clearance testing device comprises the following steps:
[0018] Step 1: Lock the input end of the reducer and install the output end force measuring component at the output end of the reducer.
[0019] Step 2: Place the reducer to be tested on the T-slot base with the input end and the output end facing upward, and clamp and fix it with the clamping assembly;
[0020] Step 3: Apply positive and negative force to the output end of the reducer, obtain the angle data through the angle sensor, and calculate the static return clearance value of the reducer based on the obtained angle data.
[0021] 4. The testing method according to claim 3 using the static return clearance testing device for a large, high-load, compact, and precise reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that step 3 comprises:
[0022] 3.1 First adjust and fix the auxiliary plate to fix the position of the angle sensor;
[0023] 3.2 Then put the electronic torque wrench on the force screw, slowly apply the preset torque T, record the angle sensor reading θ1, then keep other conditions unchanged, reversely load the preset torque -T, and record the angle sensor reading θ2;
[0024] 3.3. Subtract the two readings θ1 and θ2 to obtain the static return clearance value of the reducer at this position;
[0025] 3.4. Adjust the installation position of the auxiliary plate within the 360° rotation angle range of the reducer output end, and perform step 3.2 at each installation position of the auxiliary plate to obtain the static return clearance value of the reducer at the corresponding position; sum and average the multiple static return clearance values obtained to obtain the static return clearance measurement value of the reducer.
[0026] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
[0027] The present invention places the reducer on a base, and then simply fixes the reducer through support columns, T-slot screw nuts and compression beams, etc., and completes the fixation of the input shaft through structural parts such as locking plates, and then connects the measuring component to the output adapter shaft. A plurality of screw holes are evenly distributed on the adapter shaft, which is convenient for installation and angle adjustment. When measuring, it is only necessary to apply torque through an electronic torque wrench, read the angle sensor reading, and calculate the return clearance value. The present invention avoids the influence of the radial runout of the output shaft on the result in the conventional method. When the user needs to measure multiple times, it is only necessary to simply adjust the position of the auxiliary plate and the angle sensor, which effectively solves the measurement of the reducer return clearance. At the same time, it is convenient to use, simple to operate, low in cost, can meet the detection of a variety of reducers, has accurate detection, fast detection speed, and can simultaneously perform forward and reverse detection, and has practicality and wide application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-scale high-load compact precision reducer static return clearance test device of the present invention (the electronic torque wrench is not shown);
[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the input end locking assembly of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the output end measurement component of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The structure of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of examples. It should be noted that the present examples are descriptive rather than restrictive.
[0032] A large high load compact precision reducer static return clearance test device, see Figure 1-Figure 3 The invention point is: it includes a T-slot base 11, a wooden pad 9, a clamping assembly, an input end locking assembly, an output adapter shaft 17, a force screw 10, an electronic torque wrench, a connecting screw 16, an auxiliary plate 6, and an angle sensor 7. The output adapter shaft, the force screw, the electronic torque wrench, the connecting screw, the auxiliary plate, and the angle sensor are arranged at the output end of the reducer 8 to form an output end force measuring assembly.
[0033] The wooden pad is placed on the upper end of the T-slot base, and the upper end of the wooden pad constitutes the placement plane of the reducer; the clamping assembly is divided into three groups, and the three groups of clamping assemblies are respectively in contact with the upper sides and the middle of the reducer, so that the reducer is fixed on the top of the wooden pad with the input and output ends facing upward. Each group of clamping assemblies includes two support columns 1, two T-shaped screws 3, an adjustment wood block 5, and a clamping beam 2. The clamping beam is made of square steel pipe, and bolt holes are set at both ends of the clamping beam. The two support columns are respectively set outside the two sides of the reducer, and the two ends of the clamping beam are supported above the two support columns; the lower screw heads of the two T-shaped screws are inserted into the T-slot on the T-slot base, and the upper parts are respectively inserted through the bolt holes at both ends of the clamping beam. By connecting the locking nut at the upper end, the clamping beam is clamped to the corresponding position of the upper end of the reducer through the adjustment wood, so as to realize the clamping and fixing of the reducer.
[0034] The input end locking assembly is used to achieve the locking of the input end of the reducer in the circumferential direction. It includes an input mounting plate 12, an input adapter plate 14, and a locking plate 4. The input mounting plate is fixedly connected to the input end peripheral housing of the reducer through an external circle of screws, and the input adapter plate is matched with the spline input shaft 15 of the reducer through an internal spline hole. The locking plate is fixedly connected to the input adapter plate and the input mounting plate through two inner and outer circles of screws 13, respectively, so as to achieve the locking of the input end of the reducer.
[0035] A spline hole is provided at the lower center of the output adapter shaft, and the spline hole is a blind hole. A central threaded hole is provided at the upper center of the output adapter shaft, and a circle of threaded holes for plate mounting are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the upper center of the output adapter shaft. The output adapter shaft cooperates with the spline output shaft of the reducer through the spline hole. A force screw is connected to the central threaded hole of the output adapter shaft, and the screw head of the force screw is exposed to form a force application end that cooperates with the electronic torque wrench. The angle sensor is fixed to the outside of the upper end of the auxiliary plate, and a screw through hole is provided at the inner end of the auxiliary plate. The auxiliary plate is fixedly connected to the threaded hole for plate mounting at any position on the output adapter shaft by a connecting screw installed in the screw through hole, so as to fix the auxiliary plate and the angle sensor to the top of the output adapter shaft.
[0036] The electronic torque wrench is used to clamp the screw head of the force screw and apply torque forces in positive and negative directions to the output end of the reducer.
[0037] The angle sensor is used to detect the rotation angle of the output end when positive and negative torsional forces are applied to the output end of the reducer.
[0038] A testing method using the large-scale high-load compact precision deceleration static return clearance testing device comprises the following steps:
[0039] Step 1: Lock the input end of the reducer and install the output end force measuring assembly at the output end of the reducer. Specifically:
[0040] According to the input interface of the reducer, an input mounting plate is used to fix the reducer. To facilitate the installation of the locking plate, an input adapter plate is connected to the input shaft through a spline. Then the locking plate is connected to the reducer and the input adapter plate through screws to complete the locking of the input part of the reducer.
[0041] In the output part, the output transfer shaft is installed, the force screw is connected in the middle of the upper part, and the auxiliary plate is installed on the output transfer shaft through the connecting screws, and the angle sensor is placed on the surface of the auxiliary plate.
[0042] Step 2: Place the reducer to be tested on the T-slot base with the output and input ends facing upwards, and fix it with the clamping assembly.
[0043] Place the reducer horizontally on the T-slot base. To prevent damage to the reducer surface, place a wooden pad on the base. Place support columns and tighten the crossbeam. T-screws are used to fix the reducer. At the same time, some adjustment blocks are used to ensure that the reducer is evenly stressed and reduce measurement errors.
[0044] Step 3: Apply positive and negative force to the output end of the reducer, obtain the rotation angle data through the angle sensor, and calculate the static return clearance value of the reducer based on the obtained rotation angle data. Specifically:
[0045] When measuring, first adjust and fix the auxiliary plate to fix the position of the angle sensor; then place the electronic torque wrench on the force screw, slowly apply the preset torque T, record the angle sensor reading θ1, then keep other conditions unchanged, reversely load the preset torque -T, record the angle sensor reading θ2, and the difference between the two readings θ1 and θ2 is the static return clearance value of the reducer at this position. To ensure the measurement accuracy, multiple position tests can be performed within the 360° rotation range of the reducer output end, and the test positions should be evenly distributed within the above range. Specifically, the different screw hole positions on the output adapter shaft and the adjustment of the angle sensor position can be used to measure the reducer return clearance at different angles and positions. The multiple static return clearance values obtained are summed and averaged to obtain the static return clearance measurement value of the reducer, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results.
[0046] Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.
Claims
1. A large-scale high-load compact precision reducer static return clearance test device, characterized in that: It includes a T-slot base, a wooden pad, a clamping assembly, an input end locking assembly, an output adapter shaft, a force screw, an electronic torque wrench, a connecting screw, an auxiliary plate, and an angle sensor; the output adapter shaft, the force screw, the electronic torque wrench, the connecting screw, the auxiliary plate, and the angle sensor are arranged at the output end of the reducer to form an output end force measuring assembly; The wooden pad is placed on the upper end of the T-slot base, and the upper end of the wooden pad constitutes the placement plane of the reducer; the clamping components are three groups, and the three groups of clamping components are respectively in compression contact with the upper two sides and the middle of the reducer, and the three groups of clamping components are all connected to the T-slot base, so that the reducer is fixed on the top of the wooden pad with the input end and the output end facing upward; The input end locking assembly cooperates with the input shaft of the reducer to achieve locking of the input end of the reducer along the circumferential direction; A spline hole is provided at the center of the lower part of the output adapter shaft, a center threaded hole is provided at the center of the upper part of the output adapter shaft, and a circle of threaded holes for plate mounting are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the upper part of the output adapter shaft located at the center; the output adapter shaft cooperates with the spline output shaft of the reducer through the spline hole; a force screw is connected in the center threaded hole of the output adapter shaft, and the screw head of the force screw is exposed to form a force application end that cooperates with the electronic torque wrench; the angle sensor is fixed to the outside of the upper end of the auxiliary plate, and a screw through hole is provided at the inner end of the auxiliary plate; the auxiliary plate is fixedly connected to the threaded hole for plate mounting at any position on the output adapter shaft by a connecting screw installed in the screw through hole; The electronic torque wrench is used to clamp the screw head of the force screw and apply torque in positive and negative directions to the output end of the reducer; The angle sensor is used to detect the rotation angle of the output end when positive and negative torsional forces are applied to the output end of the reducer.
2. The large-scale high-load compact precision reducer static return clearance test device according to claim 1 is characterized by: Each set of clamping components includes two supporting columns, two T-shaped screws, an adjusting wooden block, and a clamping beam; bolt holes are set at both ends of the clamping beam, and the two supporting columns are respectively set outside the two sides of the reducer, and the two ends of the clamping beam are supported above the two supporting columns; the lower screw heads of the two T-shaped screws are inserted into the T-slots on the T-slot base, and the upper parts are respectively inserted through the bolt holes at both ends of the clamping beam, and the locking nut is connected at the upper end, so that the clamping beam is clamped to the corresponding position of the upper end of the reducer through the adjusting wood, thereby realizing the clamping and fixing of the reducer.
3. A testing method using the static return clearance testing device for a large, high-load, compact precision reducer according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Lock the input end of the reducer and install the output end force measuring component at the output end of the reducer. Step 2: Place the reducer to be tested on the T-slot base with the input end and the output end facing upward, and clamp and fix it with the clamping assembly; Step 3: Apply positive and negative force to the output end of the reducer, obtain the angle data through the angle sensor, and calculate the static return clearance value of the reducer based on the obtained angle data.
4. The testing method according to claim 3 using the static return clearance testing device for a large, high-load, compact precision reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: Step 3 includes: 3.1 First adjust and fix the auxiliary plate to fix the position of the angle sensor; 3.2 Then put the electronic torque wrench on the force screw, slowly apply the preset torque T, record the angle sensor reading θ1, then keep other conditions unchanged, reversely load the preset torque -T, and record the angle sensor reading θ2; 3.
3. Subtract the two readings θ1 and θ2 to obtain the static return clearance value of the reducer at this position; 3.
4. Adjust the installation position of the auxiliary plate within the 360° rotation angle range of the reducer output end, and perform step 3.2 at each installation position of the auxiliary plate to obtain the static return clearance value of the reducer at the corresponding position; sum and average the multiple static return clearance values obtained to obtain the static return clearance measurement value of the reducer.