Pavement landslide collapse detection alarm device based on laser signal

Abstract

The invention discloses a pavement landslide collapse detection alarm device based on laser signals, which comprises a laser signal transmitting unit, a shading screen array and a laser signal receiving and alarm unit, and is characterized in that the shading screen array comprises a plurality of shading screens of which the centers are provided with light through holes; the plurality of shading screens are sequentially arranged on a monitored road surface, and the light through holes are oppositely aligned; when landslide collapse does not occur on a monitored road surface, a laser signal emitted by the laser signal emission unit sequentially passes through the light through holes of the shading screens and then is received by the laser signal receiving and alarming unit. When landslide collapse occurs on a monitored road surface, a laser signal transmitted by the laser signal transmitting unit is blocked by the shading screen so as to trigger the laser signal receiving and alarming unit to send out an alarming signal. The invention aims to provide a pavement landslide collapse detection technology which is simple and convenient in construction and installation, low in cost, high in detection rate and strong in anti-interference capability, and realizes real-time monitoring and real-time alarming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of road landslide and collapse monitoring of expressways, and in particular to a road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals. Background Art

[0002] Highway pavement safety monitoring is very important for ensuring highway traffic safety. Highway pavement landslides and collapses can easily cause serious traffic accidents. At present, there are many technologies and devices for highway pavement safety monitoring, but they all have some shortcomings, such as high cost and difficulty in promotion, complex and difficult construction and installation, monitoring loopholes, and untimely warnings. In order to improve highway pavement safety monitoring to ensure highway traffic safety, a detection and alarm technology with simple and convenient construction and installation, low cost, real-time monitoring, real-time alarm, high detection rate, and strong anti-interference ability is still needed. Summary of the invention

[0003] Technical problem to be solved by the present invention: In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, a road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals is provided. The present invention aims to provide a road landslide and collapse detection technology with simple and convenient construction and installation, low cost, real-time monitoring, real-time alarm, high detection rate and strong anti-interference ability.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals comprises a laser signal transmitting unit, a shading screen array and a laser signal receiving and alarm unit. The shading screen array comprises a plurality of shading screens with light holes at the center. The plurality of shading screens are sequentially arranged on the monitored road surface and the light holes are relatively aligned, so that when no landslide or collapse occurs on the monitored road surface, the laser signal emitted by the laser signal transmitting unit sequentially passes through the light holes of each shading screen and is received by the laser signal receiving and alarm unit; when landslide or collapse occurs on the monitored road surface, the laser signal emitted by the laser signal transmitting unit is blocked by the shading screen to trigger the laser signal receiving and alarm unit to send out an alarm signal.

[0005] Optionally, the shading screen consists of a shading plate, a telescopic adjustment mechanism and a base, the shading plate is connected to the base through the telescopic adjustment mechanism, the light through hole is arranged at the center of the shading plate, and the base is provided with a plurality of transverse long strip fixing holes for adjusting the left and right installation positions of the shading screen and fixing the shading screen to the ground through ground fixing screws.

[0006] Optionally, the telescopic adjustment mechanism includes an inner support rod, an outer support rod and a fixing screw. The inner support rod is sleeved in the hollow outer support rod and can be raised and lowered to adjust the height of the sunshade. The fixing screw passes through the outer wall of the outer support rod and is threadedly connected to the outer support rod to fix the position of the inner support rod on the outer support rod.

[0007] Optionally, some of the light shielding screens in the light shielding screen array are provided with wedge-shaped prisms at the light-through holes for changing the transmission direction of the laser signal to adapt to the curve of the road surface between adjacent light shielding screens.

[0008] Optionally, the laser signal emitting unit includes a coding circuit, a laser driving circuit, a semiconductor laser, a power supply and a power switch. The coding circuit, the laser driving circuit and the semiconductor laser are connected in sequence for encoding the laser signal. The power supply ends of the coding circuit, the laser driving circuit and the semiconductor laser are connected to the output end of the power supply through the power switch.

[0009] Optionally, the laser signal receiving and alarm unit includes a signal sensing control unit, a control signal transmission line, and an audible and visual alarm and communication unit connected in sequence, the signal sensing control unit includes a laser signal sensing receiving unit and a decoding and control circuit connected to each other, the decoding and control circuit is connected to the audible and visual alarm and communication unit via the control signal transmission line, the laser signal sensing receiving unit is used to receive the laser signal to generate a coded electrical signal to output to the connected decoding and control circuit, and the decoding and control circuit is used to detect the matching coded signal and output a control signal.

[0010] Optionally, a disconnectable line connector is arranged in series in the middle of the control signal transmission line, and the line connector includes a connector socket and a connector plug. The connector socket is provided with a socket elastic metal sheet, and the connector plug is provided with a plug spherical metal head. The plug spherical metal head and the socket elastic metal sheet are respectively electrically connected to the control signal transmission line, and the plug spherical metal head is inserted and embedded in the elastic gap of the socket elastic metal sheet to maintain electrical connection with the socket elastic metal sheet.

[0011] Optionally, the sound and light alarm and communication unit includes a sound alarm unit, a light display alarm unit and a control unit, the sound alarm unit and the light display alarm unit are respectively connected to the control unit, and the control unit is used to control the sound alarm unit and the light display alarm unit to send or stop an alarm signal.

[0012] Optionally, the sound and light alarm and communication unit also includes a communication unit, which is connected to the control unit for sending alarm signals and receiving control signals to the management and control center, and the control unit is used to turn on or off the sound alarm unit and the light display alarm unit after receiving the control signal sent by the management and control center.

[0013] Optionally, the present invention also includes a first light-controlled switch, a second light-controlled switch and a third light-controlled switch, the first light-controlled switch is connected in series to the power supply circuit of the laser signal emitting unit to control the laser signal emitting unit to be turned off during the day and turned on at night to save energy, the second light-controlled switch is connected in series to the power supply circuit of the signal sensing control unit to control the signal sensing control unit to be turned off during the day and turned on at night to save energy, and the third light-controlled switch is connected in series to the power supply circuit of the sound and light alarm and communication unit to control the sound and light alarm and communication unit to be turned off during the day and turned on at night to save energy.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly has the following advantages: 1. The present invention includes a laser signal transmitting unit, a shading screen array with a central light hole, a signal sensor control unit, a control signal transmission line, an audible and visual alarm and a communication unit. When any shading screen in the shading screen array moves due to road landslide and collapse and blocks the laser signal, the audible and visual alarm and the communication unit will be triggered. The shading screens in the shading screen array have a simple structure and the number and position can be adjusted according to the geological conditions. Therefore, the overall device is simple and convenient to construct and install, and the cost is low.

[0015] 2. When any shading screen in the shading screen array of the present invention moves due to road landslide or collapse and blocks the laser signal, the sound and light alarm and communication unit will be triggered immediately. A line connector with an easy-to-disconnect structure is provided in the control signal transmission line. When a large-scale landslide or collapse causes the laser signal emitting unit, the shading screen array, the signal sensor control unit and other parts in the detection device to move as a whole, so that any shading screen in the shading screen array fails to block the laser signal, the control signal will be disconnected, which will also immediately trigger the sound and light alarm and the communication unit. The device can realize real-time monitoring, real-time alarm and high detection rate.

[0016] 3. The present invention includes a coding circuit and a decoding circuit, and uses coding technology for the laser signal emitted by the laser signal emitting unit, which effectively prevents interference from external signals, and the device has strong anti-interference ability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light shielding screen in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the base structure of the shading screen in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the line connector in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sound and light alarm and communication unit in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped prism structure at the light-clearing hole in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Legend: 1. Laser signal transmitting unit; 11. Laser signal; 2. Shading screen array; 21. Shading screen; 211. Light hole; 212. Shading plate; 213. Telescopic adjustment mechanism; 2131. Support inner rod; 2132. Support outer rod; 2133. Fixing screw; 214. Base; 2141. Long strip fixing hole; 22. Wedge prism; 3. Laser signal receiving and alarm unit; 31. Signal sensor control unit; 311. Laser signal sensor receiving Unit; 312, decoding and control circuit; 32, control signal transmission line; 33, sound and light alarm and communication unit; 331, sound alarm unit; 332, light display alarm unit; 333, control unit; 334, communication unit; 34, line connector; 341, connector socket; 342, connector plug; 343, socket elastic metal sheet; 344, plug spherical metal head; 4, first light-operated switch; 5, second light-operated switch; 6, third light-operated switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, if there is a description of the first, the second, etc., it is only for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features. If it involves the description of the orientation, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by the upper and lower indications, the above-mentioned orientation description is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. in the description of the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, and the technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0026] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals, including a laser signal emitting unit 1, a shading screen array 2 and a laser signal receiving and alarm unit 3. The shading screen array 2 includes a plurality of shading screens 21 with a light-through hole 211 at the center. The plurality of shading screens 21 are sequentially arranged on the monitored road surface and the light-through holes 211 are relatively aligned, so that when no landslide or collapse occurs on the monitored road surface, the laser signal 11 emitted by the laser signal emitting unit 1 sequentially passes through the light-through holes 211 of each shading screen 21 and is received by the laser signal receiving and alarm unit 3; when landslide or collapse occurs on the monitored road surface, the laser signal 11 emitted by the laser signal emitting unit 1 is blocked by the shading screen 21 to trigger the laser signal receiving and alarm unit 3 to send out an alarm signal. In this embodiment, the laser signal emitting unit 1, the light shielding screen array 2 and the signal sensing control unit 31 in the laser signal receiving and alarming unit 3 are placed in a place where the road surface is prone to landslide and collapse. Generally, in order to avoid affecting the road surface function, the laser signal emitting unit 1, the light shielding screen array 2 and the laser signal receiving and alarming unit 3 can be installed on the curb surface on both sides of the road surface. Under normal circumstances where the road surface does not have landslide and collapse, the laser signal 11 emitted by the laser signal emitting unit 1 is transmitted to the laser signal receiving and alarming unit 3 through the light hole 211 of the light shielding screen array 2. The laser signal receiving and alarming unit 3 detects the signal normally and will not trigger the sound and light alarm. In the dangerous situation where the road surface has landslide and collapse, the laser signal receiving and alarming unit 3 triggers the laser signal receiving and alarming unit 3 when it detects that any light shielding screen 21 in the light shielding screen array 2 has moved due to the landslide and collapse of the road surface and blocked the laser signal 11. It has the advantages of simple and convenient construction and installation, low cost, real-time monitoring, real-time alarm, high detection rate and strong anti-interference ability.

[0027] In order to ensure the normal operation of the laser signal emitting unit 1 and realize the controllable working state of the laser signal emitting unit 1 and encode the emitted laser signal, the laser signal emitting unit 1 in this embodiment includes a coding circuit, a laser driving circuit, a semiconductor laser, a power supply and a power switch. The coding circuit, the laser driving circuit, and the semiconductor laser are connected in sequence for encoding the laser signal 11. The power supply end of the coding circuit, the laser driving circuit, and the semiconductor laser is connected to the output end of the power supply through the power switch. When the power switch is closed, the laser signal emitting unit 1 enters the working state, and the laser driving and coding circuits enable the semiconductor laser to emit the coded laser signal 11. In this embodiment, the laser signal emitting unit 1 is fixed to the ground by a fixing device.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the light shielding screen 21 in this embodiment is composed of a light shielding plate 212, a telescopic adjustment mechanism 213 and a base 214. The light shielding plate 212 is connected to the base 214 through the telescopic adjustment mechanism 213. The light hole 211 is set at the center of the light shielding plate 212. The base 214 is provided with a plurality of transverse long strip fixing holes 2141 for adjusting the left and right installation positions of the light shielding screen 21 and fixing the light shielding screen 21 to the ground through ground fixing screws. The laser signal emitting unit 1 and the laser signal receiving and alarm unit 3 are adjusted to maintain a suitable height and make the laser signal 11 along the horizontal direction. The telescopic stroke of the telescopic adjustment mechanism 213 is adjusted and the base 214 is moved through the long strip fixing holes 2141 to adjust the left and right positions of the light shielding screen 21 to ensure that the laser signal 11 passes through all the light holes 211 at the center of the light shielding screen 21 without obstruction. like Figure 2 As shown, the telescopic adjustment mechanism 213 in this embodiment includes a support inner rod 2131, a support outer rod 2132 and a fixing screw 2133. The support inner rod 2131 is sleeved in the hollow support outer rod 2132 and can be lifted up and down to adjust the height of the light shielding plate 212. The fixing screw 2133 penetrates the outer wall of the support outer rod 2132 and is threadedly connected with the support outer rod 2132 to fix the position of the support inner rod 2131 on the support outer rod 2132. The upper and lower positions of the support inner rod 2131 in the support outer rod 2132 and the left and right positions of the light shielding screen 21 are adjusted by moving the base 214 through the long strip fixing hole 2141 to ensure that the laser signal 11 passes through all the light holes 211 at the center of the light shielding screen 21 without obstruction. The position of the support inner rod 2131 in the support outer rod 2132 is fixed by the fixing screw 2133, and the light shielding screen 21 is fixed to the ground through the long strip fixing hole 2141. like Figure 1 As shown, the laser signal receiving and alarming unit 3 comprises a signal sensing control unit 31, a control signal transmission line 32 and an acoustic and optical alarming and communication unit 33 which are connected in sequence. The signal sensing control unit 31 comprises a laser signal sensing receiving unit 311 and a decoding and control circuit 312 which are connected to each other. The decoding and control circuit 312 is connected to the acoustic and optical alarming and communication unit 33 through the control signal transmission line 32. The laser signal sensing receiving unit 311 is used to receive the laser signal 11 to generate a coded electrical signal which is output to the connected decoding and control circuit 312. The decoding and control circuit 312 is used to detect the matching coded signal and output the control signal. In this embodiment, the signal sensing control unit 31 is fixed to the ground by a fixing device. The signal sensing control unit 31 is separated from the acoustic and optical alarming and communication unit 33 and connected through the control signal transmission line 32. The control unit 333 and the communication unit 334 in the acoustic and optical alarming and communication unit 33 are fixed to a safe place where landslides are not likely to collapse.

[0029] like Figure 4As shown, a disconnectable line connector 34 is arranged in series in the middle of the control signal transmission line 32, and the line connector 34 includes a connector socket 341 and a connector plug 342. The connector socket 341 is provided with a socket elastic metal sheet 343, and the connector plug 342 is provided with a plug spherical metal head 344. The plug spherical metal head 344 and the socket elastic metal sheet 343 are respectively electrically connected to the control signal transmission line 32, and the plug spherical metal head 344 is inserted and embedded in the elastic gap of the socket elastic metal sheet 343 to maintain electrical connection with the socket elastic metal sheet 343. Through the above structure, on the one hand, it can facilitate the installation and connection of the control signal transmission line 32, and on the other hand, the control signal transmission line 32 itself can also detect road landslide and collapse. The tension generated by road landslide and collapse will cause the plug spherical metal head 344 and the socket elastic metal sheet 343 to separate, so that the control signal transmission line 32 can be disconnected and the laser signal receiving and alarm unit 3 will be triggered to send an alarm signal. When a large-scale landslide or collapse occurs, the laser signal emitting unit 1, the shading screen array 2, and the signal sensing control unit 31 in the laser signal receiving and alarm unit 3 in the detection device move as a whole, making it possible that any shading screen 21 in the shading screen array 2 fails to block the laser signal 11, resulting in failure to trigger the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33. Since the control unit 333 and the communication unit 334 connected to the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33 through the control signal transmission line 32 are fixed in a safe place where road landslide or collapse is unlikely to occur, the spherical metal head 344 of the plug and the elastic metal sheet 343 of the socket disconnect the control signal transmission line 32 under the action of external force, thereby triggering the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33, ensuring a high detection rate and accuracy of road landslide or collapse.

[0030] like Figure 5As shown, the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33 includes a sound alarm unit 331, a light display alarm unit 332 and a control unit 333. The sound alarm unit 331 and the light display alarm unit 332 are respectively connected to the control unit 333. The control unit 333 is used to control the sound alarm unit 331 and the light display alarm unit 332 to send or stop the alarm signal. In this embodiment, the signal sensor control unit 31 is electrically connected to the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33 through the control signal transmission line 32. The control unit 333 and the communication unit 334 in the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33 can be fixedly set in a safe place where it is not easy to cause landslides and collapses. The light display alarm unit 332 includes a strobe warning light and a text warning display screen. The sound alarm unit 331 and the light display alarm unit 332 are placed more than 100 meters in front of the oncoming direction of the highway to ensure that the vehicle driver has sufficient reaction time after receiving the sound, strobe light and text warnings to stop in time to avoid accidents. After the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33 is triggered by the signal sensing control unit 31 or the disconnection of the line connector 34 on the control signal transmission line 32, the sound alarm unit 331 emits an alarm sound, the strobe warning light of the light display alarm unit 332 turns on to emit strobe light, and the text warning display turns on to display warning text.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33 also includes a communication unit 334, which is connected to the control unit 333 to send an alarm signal to the control center and receive a control signal. The control unit 333 is used to turn on or off the sound alarm unit 331 and the light display alarm unit 332 after the communication unit 334 receives the control signal sent by the control center. After the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33 is triggered by the signal sensing control unit 31 or the line connector 34 on the control signal transmission line 32 is disconnected, the communication unit 334 transmits an alarm signal to the highway control center. The communication unit 334 is used to detect that the alarm device transmits an alarm signal to the highway control center and receives the control signal transmitted by the highway control center. The control unit 333 is used to turn on or off the sound alarm unit 331 and the light display alarm unit 332 after the communication unit 334 receives the control signal transmitted by the highway control center. After the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33 is triggered, the communication unit 334 transmits an alarm signal to the highway control center, and the highway control center takes countermeasures after receiving the alarm signal. In case of other emergency situations or when it is determined that the detection alarm device is mistakenly triggered in combination with other information, the highway control center can transmit a control signal to the detection alarm device. After the communication unit 334 receives the control signal transmitted by the highway control center, it can turn on or off the sound alarm unit 331 and the light display alarm unit 332 through the control unit 333.

[0032] In summary, the road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals in this embodiment includes a laser signal emitting unit 1, a shading screen array 2 and a laser signal receiving and alarm unit 3. The shading screen array 2 includes a plurality of shading screens 21 with a light-through hole 211 in the center. The plurality of shading screens 21 are arranged in sequence on the monitored road surface and the light-through holes 211 are relatively aligned, so that when no landslide and collapse occurs on the monitored road surface, the laser signal 11 emitted by the laser signal emitting unit 1 passes through the light-through holes 211 of each shading screen 21 in sequence and is received by the laser signal receiving and alarm unit 3; when landslide and collapse occurs on the monitored road surface, the laser signal 11 emitted by the laser signal emitting unit 1 is blocked by the shading screen 21 to trigger the laser signal receiving and alarm unit 3 to send an alarm signal. The road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals in this embodiment has the advantages of simple and convenient construction and installation, low cost, real-time monitoring, real-time alarm, high detection rate and strong anti-interference ability. In addition, the road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals in this embodiment can not only be used for road landslide and collapse detection, but can also be installed at the top or bottom of a tunnel to realize tunnel collapse detection.

[0033] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the main difference is: Figure 6 As shown, the present embodiment further includes a first light-controlled switch 4, a second light-controlled switch 5 and a third light-controlled switch 6. The first light-controlled switch 4 is connected in series to the power supply line of the laser signal emitting unit 1 to control the laser signal emitting unit 1 to be turned off during the day and turned on at night to save energy. The second light-controlled switch 5 is connected in series to the power supply line of the signal sensing control unit 31 to control the signal sensing control unit 31 to be turned off during the day and turned on at night to save energy. The third light-controlled switch 6 is connected in series to the power supply line of the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33 to control the sound and light alarm and communication unit 33 to be turned off during the day and turned on at night to save energy.

[0034] Embodiment three: This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the main difference is: Figure 7As shown, some of the light shielding screens 21 in the light shielding screen array 2 in this embodiment are provided with wedge-shaped prisms 22 at the light holes 211 for changing the transmission direction of the laser signal 11 to adapt to the curve of the road surface between adjacent light shielding screens 21. The transmission direction of the laser signal 11 can be changed by the wedge-shaped prisms 22, thereby ensuring the normal use of the detection alarm device at the curve of the highway. If the curve is long, multiple wedge-shaped prisms 22 can be used to change the transmission direction of the laser signal 11 multiple times. This embodiment also provides an installation method for the curve of the highway, including detecting and generating a shape curve at the curve of the highway, then setting the installation point for installing the light shielding screen 21 on the shape curve, calculating the deflection angle of the adjacent installation points, and selecting the corresponding wedge-shaped prism 22 for each installation point of the light shielding screen 21 according to the deflection angle.

[0035] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals, characterized in that: The invention comprises a laser signal transmitting unit (1), a light shielding screen array (2) and a laser signal receiving and alarming unit (3), wherein the light shielding screen array (2) comprises a plurality of light shielding screens (21) having a light through hole (211) at the center thereof, and the plurality of light shielding screens (21) are sequentially arranged on a monitored road surface and the light through holes (211) are relatively aligned, so that when no landslide or collapse occurs on the monitored road surface, the laser signal (11) emitted by the laser signal transmitting unit (1) sequentially passes through the light through holes (211) of each light shielding screen (21) and is then received by the laser signal receiving and alarming unit (3); when landslide or collapse occurs on the monitored road surface, the laser signal (11) emitted by the laser signal transmitting unit (1) is blocked by the light shielding screen (21) to trigger the laser signal receiving and alarming unit (3) to emit an alarm signal.

2. The road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shading screen (21) is composed of a shading plate (212), a telescopic adjustment mechanism (213) and a base (214); the shading plate (212) is connected to the base (214) via the telescopic adjustment mechanism (213); the light-through hole (211) is arranged at the center of the shading plate (212); and the base (214) is provided with a plurality of transverse long strip fixing holes (2141) for adjusting the left and right installation positions of the shading screen (21) and fixing the shading screen (21) to the ground via ground fixing screws.

3. The road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The telescopic adjustment mechanism (213) comprises an inner support rod (2131), an outer support rod (2132) and a fixing screw (2133); the inner support rod (2131) is sleeved in the hollow outer support rod (2132) and can be raised and lowered to adjust the height of the sunshade (212); the fixing screw (2133) penetrates the outer wall of the outer support rod (2132) and is threadedly connected to the outer support rod (2132) to fix the position of the inner support rod (2131) on the outer support rod (2132).

4. The road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Some of the light shielding screens (21) in the light shielding screen array (2) are provided with wedge-shaped prisms (22) at the light-through holes (211) for changing the transmission direction of the laser signal (11) to adapt to the curve of the road surface between adjacent light shielding screens (21).

5. The road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser signal transmitting unit (1) comprises an encoding circuit, a laser driving circuit, a semiconductor laser, a power supply and a power switch, wherein the encoding circuit, the laser driving circuit and the semiconductor laser are connected in sequence to encode the laser signal (11), and the power supply ends of the encoding circuit, the laser driving circuit and the semiconductor laser are connected to the output end of the power supply via the power switch.

6. The road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The laser signal receiving and alarming unit (3) comprises a signal sensing control unit (31), a control signal transmission line (32) and an acoustic and optical alarming and communication unit (33) which are connected in sequence. The signal sensing control unit (31) comprises a laser signal sensing receiving unit (311) and a decoding and control circuit (312) which are connected to each other. The decoding and control circuit (312) is connected to the acoustic and optical alarming and communication unit (33) via the control signal transmission line (32). The laser signal sensing receiving unit (311) is used to receive a laser signal (11) to generate a coded electrical signal which is output to the connected decoding and control circuit (312). The decoding and control circuit (312) is used to detect a matching coded signal and output a control signal.

7. The road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A disconnectable line connector (34) is arranged in series in the middle of the control signal transmission line (32); the line connector (34) comprises a connector socket (341) and a connector plug (342); a socket elastic metal sheet (343) is provided on the connector socket (341); a plug spherical metal head (344) is provided on the connector plug (342); the plug spherical metal head (344) and the socket elastic metal sheet (343) are each electrically connected to the control signal transmission line (32); and the plug spherical metal head (344) is inserted into and embedded in the elastic gap of the socket elastic metal sheet (343) to maintain electrical connection with the socket elastic metal sheet (343).

8. The road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The sound and light alarm and communication unit (33) comprises a sound alarm unit (331), a light display alarm unit (332) and a control unit (333); the sound alarm unit (331) and the light display alarm unit (332) are respectively connected to the control unit (333); the control unit (333) is used to control the sound alarm unit (331) and the light display alarm unit (332) to send or stop an alarm signal.

9. The road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The sound and light alarm and communication unit (33) further comprises a communication unit (334), wherein the communication unit (334) is connected to the control unit (333) for sending alarm signals to a control center and receiving control signals, and the control unit (333) is used to turn on or off the sound alarm unit (331) and the light display alarm unit (332) after receiving the control signal sent by the control center.

10. The road landslide and collapse detection and alarm device based on laser signals according to claim 8, characterized in that: The device also comprises a first light-controlled switch (4), a second light-controlled switch (5) and a third light-controlled switch (6), wherein the first light-controlled switch (4) is connected in series to a power supply line of the laser signal emitting unit (1) to control the laser signal emitting unit (1) to be turned off during the day and turned on at night to save energy, the second light-controlled switch (5) is connected in series to a power supply line of a signal sensing control unit (31) to control the signal sensing control unit (31) to be turned off during the day and turned on at night to save energy, and the third light-controlled switch (6) is connected in series to a power supply line of an audible and visual alarm and communication unit (33) to control the audible and visual alarm and communication unit (33) to be turned off during the day and turned on at night to save energy.

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