Method for detecting metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy internal defect detection, in particular to a method for detecting metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloy. The method for detecting the metallurgical defects in the high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out ultrasonic detection on a to-be-detected high-temperature alloy workpiece, and determining initial position information of the metallurgical defects; s2, sampling the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be detected according to the initial position information to obtain a sample A; s3, the sample A is subjected to industrial CT detection, and accurate position information of metallurgical defects in the sample A is determined; s4, performing finish machining on the sample A according to the accurate position information to obtain a sample B; and S5, the sample B is subjected to multiple times of grinding and polishing corrosion treatment, low-magnification microscope pictures of the sample B after each time of grinding and polishing corrosion treatment are collected, and after analysis, the three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defect is obtained. According to the detection method, comprehensive and accurate detection and evaluation on the metallurgical defects in the high-temperature alloy are achieved, and the complete three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defects can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alloy internal defect detection, and in particular to a method for detecting metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys. Background Art

[0002] High-temperature alloys are widely used in aviation, aerospace, nuclear energy and other fields due to their excellent high-temperature resistance. However, in the production process of high-temperature alloy forgings, various metallurgical defects such as pores, inclusions, cracks, segregation, etc. are easily generated due to complex processes and harsh equipment conditions. The existence of these defects will not only reduce the mechanical properties of high-temperature alloys, but also affect their service life and safety. Therefore, accurate defect location detection and organizational characterization of high-temperature alloy forgings are important links to ensure product quality.

[0003] Common methods for detecting metallurgical defects inside high-temperature alloy materials include ultrasonic testing, industrial CT testing, magnetic particle testing, and X-ray testing. Among them, ultrasonic testing is a commonly used non-destructive testing method that can quickly and accurately detect defects inside the material, but its resolution is low, it is difficult to accurately locate the position of the defect, and it is easily affected by the thickness and shape of the material. Industrial CT testing can provide high-precision three-dimensional imaging, which can accurately locate the position and size of the defect, but its detection speed is slow, the cost is high, and for some workpieces with complex shapes, its imaging effect may be affected. Existing detection methods are mainly based on two-dimensional imaging, and it is difficult to obtain the complete three-dimensional morphology of the defect. The complete three-dimensional morphology is of great significance for understanding and evaluating the harmfulness of the defect.

[0004] For GH4169 alloy, white spot defects are the most difficult to detect among the existing defects. White spot defects are caused by the segregation of Nb elements during the alloy smelting process. Compared with the matrix, white spot defects have coarse grain size, sparse intragranular strengthening phase, low strength level, and unclear interface with the matrix. Ultrasonic testing can only identify the equivalent information and depth information of the defect. Due to its limited penetration ability for high-density and high-temperature alloys, industrial CT testing is also unable to accurately describe the defect boundaries through data contrast for defective samples roughly located after the first step of ultrasonic testing. This also results in the inability of conventional detection methods to accurately obtain the location information of white spot defects and to fully describe the three-dimensional morphology of the defects.

[0005] In view of this, this invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys. By combining ultrasonic testing, industrial CT testing, grinding and polishing corrosion and image acquisition, the detection and evaluation of metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys are realized, and the detection efficiency, accuracy, precision and integrity are improved.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are particularly adopted:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for detecting metallurgical defects in a high-temperature alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Performing ultrasonic testing on the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested to determine preliminary position information of metallurgical defects in the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested;

[0010] S2. According to the preliminary position information, sampling is performed on the high-temperature alloy workpiece to obtain sample A;

[0011] S3, performing industrial CT testing on the sample A to determine the precise location information of the metallurgical defects in the sample A;

[0012] S4. According to the precise position information, the sample A is finely processed to obtain a sample B;

[0013] S5. Perform grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment on the sample B for multiple times, collect low-power microscope photos of the sample B after each grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment, and obtain the three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defects in the sample B after analysis.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested includes a GH4169 alloy forging.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S1, the metallurgical defects include white spot defects.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S1, the preliminary position information includes the position, equivalent information and depth information of the metallurgical defects in the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S2, the distance between the metallurgical defect in the sample A and the edge of the sample A is 20 to 30 mm.

[0018] Further, in step S3, the precise location information includes a three-dimensional image of the metallurgical defects in sample A.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S4, the size of the sample B is 4 to 6 mm larger than the metallurgical defect boundary size obtained by industrial CT detection.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S5, a metal grinding and polishing machine is used to perform grinding and polishing corrosion treatment on the plane with the largest metallurgical defect projection area in the sample B.

[0021] Further, in step S5, the grinding, polishing and etching treatment includes: performing grinding, polishing and etching in sequence;

[0022] The grinding and polishing comprises: grinding with 1500-3000 mesh sandpaper for 5-8 minutes, and then polishing with nylon polishing cloth for 20-50 minutes;

[0023] The etching comprises: spraying the etching liquid for 2 to 4 seconds, and then washing and drying in sequence.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S5, the low-magnification microscope photographs of the sample B after the grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment are spliced ​​and combined by identifying boundaries, and after analysis, the three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defects in the sample B is obtained.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys of the present invention first uses ultrasonic detection to preliminarily identify and locate metallurgical defects inside the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be detected, which can quickly and accurately identify defects inside the alloy, greatly improving the detection efficiency; the preliminarily identified metallurgical defects are processed and taken out according to a certain size, and then industrial CT detection is used to accurately locate the metallurgical defects inside the sample; the two-step detection method not only improves the detection resolution and accuracy, but also can accurately locate the position and size of the metallurgical defects, ensures the accuracy of the detection results, and reduces the workload of industrial CT detection; by collecting low-magnification microscope photos of samples after continuous grinding, polishing and corrosion, and performing automatic analysis based on the acquired metallurgical defect information, not only manual intervention is reduced, but also the detection cost is reduced and the detection efficiency is improved; the method can obtain the complete three-dimensional morphology of metallurgical defects, which is of great significance for understanding and evaluating the harmfulness of defects.

[0027] The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys of the present invention realizes comprehensive detection and evaluation of white spot defects in GH4169 high-temperature alloy by combining ultrasonic detection, industrial CT detection, grinding and polishing corrosion and image acquisition, and solves the problem that existing detection methods are difficult to comprehensively and accurately detect white spot defects in GH4169 high-temperature alloy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is an image of metallurgical defects after one grinding, polishing and corrosion in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2This is the metallurgical defect boundary morphology after highlighting treatment in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is the overall morphology of the metallurgical defects after highlighting treatment in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following described embodiments are part of embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. If specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to normal conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified in the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0033] The following is a detailed description of a method for detecting metallurgical defects in a high-temperature alloy according to the present invention.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for detecting metallurgical defects in a high-temperature alloy is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Perform ultrasonic testing on the high-temperature alloy workpiece to determine the preliminary position information of metallurgical defects in the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested;

[0036] S2. According to the preliminary position information, the high temperature alloy workpiece to be tested is sampled and processed to obtain sample A;

[0037] S3. Perform industrial CT testing on sample A to determine the precise location information of metallurgical defects in sample A;

[0038] S4. According to the precise position information, fine-processing is performed on sample A to obtain sample B;

[0039] S5. Perform grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment on sample B for multiple times, collect low-power microscope photos of sample B after each grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment, and obtain the three-dimensional morphology of metallurgical defects in sample B after analysis.

[0040] The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys of the present invention is a three-dimensional morphology characterization method for metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys, which combines ultrasonic detection, industrial CT detection, grinding and polishing corrosion and image acquisition to form a method from defect identification to defect location and then to defect characterization.

[0041] The method for detecting metallurgical defects in a high-temperature alloy of the present invention adopts ultrasonic detection to identify and preliminarily locate the metallurgical defects in the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be detected; then the metallurgical defects are sampled according to a certain size; industrial CT detection is adopted to accurately locate the metallurgical defects in the sample; further fine processing is performed to reduce the size of the sample; the sample is subjected to multiple grinding, polishing and corrosion treatments, and low-magnification microscope photos of the sample after each grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment are collected, and after analysis, a complete three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defects is obtained.

[0042] Although the existing ultrasonic detection technology can quickly and accurately detect defects inside the alloy, its resolution is low and it is difficult to accurately locate the position of the defects. The present invention combines ultrasonic detection with industrial CT detection, first uses ultrasonic detection to identify and preliminarily locate the metallurgical defects inside the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested, removes the preliminarily identified metallurgical defects according to a certain size, and then uses industrial CT detection to accurately locate the metallurgical defects inside the sample, thereby significantly improving the resolution of metallurgical defect detection, not only improving the detection accuracy, but also being able to accurately locate the position and size of metallurgical defects, ensuring the accuracy of the detection results.

[0043] Although the existing industrial CT detection technology can provide high-precision three-dimensional imaging and accurately locate the position and size of defects, its detection speed is slow and the cost is high. The present invention can quickly and accurately identify the metallurgical defects inside the alloy by first using ultrasonic detection to identify and preliminarily locate the metallurgical defects inside the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested, and then use industrial CT detection for precise positioning, which can reduce the workload of industrial CT detection, thereby improving the detection efficiency of metallurgical defects and reducing the detection cost.

[0044] The present invention collects low-power microscope photos of samples after continuous grinding, polishing and corrosion, and uses computer software to analyze them according to the obtained metallurgical defect information. This automated analysis method not only reduces manual intervention, but also reduces detection costs and improves detection efficiency.

[0045] Existing detection methods are mainly based on two-dimensional imaging, which makes it difficult to obtain the complete three-dimensional morphology of defects; the method of the present invention can obtain the complete three-dimensional morphology of defects, which is of great significance for understanding and evaluating the harmfulness of defects.

[0046] The present invention realizes comprehensive detection and evaluation of metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys by combining ultrasonic detection, industrial CT detection, grinding and polishing corrosion and image acquisition, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of detection.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested includes a GH4169 alloy forging.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, metallurgical defects include white spot defects; i.e., clean white spot defects (conventional white spot defects) and / or dirty white spot defects; dirty white spot defects refer to the presence of inclusions inside the white spot defects, which are significantly different from the composition of the matrix structure or the white spot structure, and are generally formed when impurities inside the furnace body fall into the molten pool during the smelting process.

[0049] The detection of white spot defects in the GH4169 alloy is relatively difficult. The detection method of metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys of the present invention can be used to comprehensively and accurately detect and evaluate white spot defects in the GH4169 alloy.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the preliminary position information includes the position, equivalent information and depth information of the metallurgical defect in the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested. The equivalent information (equivalent value) refers to the value received by the receiver during the ultrasonic testing process that reflects the difference between the internal metallurgical defect and the surrounding tissue, and the unit is dB.

[0051] Ultrasonic testing is used to identify and preliminarily locate metallurgical defects inside the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested. The propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in the medium are used to emit ultrasonic waves through ultrasonic testing equipment. When ultrasonic waves encounter metallurgical defects inside the high-temperature alloy workpiece, reflected or refracted waves are generated. The return time, intensity, frequency and other information of these waves can reflect the location, equivalent information and depth information of the metallurgical defects. By receiving and analyzing this information, the ultrasonic testing equipment can preliminarily locate the location of metallurgical defects inside the high-temperature alloy workpiece.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the distance between the metallurgical defect in sample A and the edge of sample A is 20 to 30 mm; typically but not limitatively, for example, in step S2, the distance between the metallurgical defect in sample A and the edge of sample A can be 20 mm, 22 mm, 24 mm, 26 mm, 28 mm, 30 mm or a range of values ​​consisting of any two of them; preferably, the shape of sample A includes a cuboid.

[0053] According to the preliminary position information obtained by ultrasonic detection of metallurgical defects, the position of the metallurgical defect is set at the center of the sample to be taken and the size of the sample to be taken is designed. Taking into account the deviation of ultrasonic detection, the processing size of the metallurgical defect sample to be taken is enlarged, the sample is set to be a rectangular parallelepiped, and the metallurgical defect is 20 to 30 mm away from the edge of the sample.

[0054] Metallurgical defects are processed and removed according to a certain size. After the metallurgical defects are initially located, a suitable method is selected to process and remove the metallurgical defects according to their size and location. For example, for larger metallurgical defects, mechanical processing methods can be used to dig them out; for smaller metallurgical defects, electrical processing methods can be used to etch them out.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the precise location information includes a three-dimensional image of the metallurgical defects in sample A.

[0056] Use industrial CT to accurately locate metallurgical defects in samples, place defective samples removed from processing into industrial CT testing equipment, and obtain three-dimensional images of defects through the high-precision imaging capabilities of industrial CT testing. The imaging principle of industrial CT testing is based on the fact that when X-rays penetrate an object, materials of different densities absorb X-rays to different degrees. By collecting the two-dimensional projection images of these absorption information, a three-dimensional image of the object can be reconstructed.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S4, the size of sample B is 4 to 6 mm larger than the metallurgical defect boundary size detected by industrial CT; preferably, the shape of sample B is a cylinder; preferably, the size of sample B includes the diameter and height of the cylinder.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S4, the finishing includes: processing by fast wire cutting.

[0059] Fine machining reduces the sample size. Since the metallurgical defects and matrix boundaries in the GH4169 alloy cannot be distinguished by contrast through industrial CT testing, the sample size needs to be set to 4 to 6 mm larger than the boundary size of the defects in the industrial CT test results.

[0060] After determining the boundary information of metallurgical defects through the results of industrial CT detection, the shape of the finished sample is designed as a cylinder to ensure that the boundary of the metallurgical defect is 4 to 6 mm away from the cylinder wall, and the processing is carried out using the fast wire cutting method.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S5, a metal grinding and polishing machine is used to perform grinding and polishing etching on the plane with the largest metallurgical defect projection area in sample B. Selecting the plane with the largest metallurgical defect projection area can ensure that the depth of the defect is minimized, thereby reducing the grinding and polishing etching cycle in the three-dimensional reconstruction process.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S5, the grinding, polishing and etching process includes: performing grinding, polishing and etching in sequence;

[0063] The grinding and polishing includes: grinding with 1500-3000 grit sandpaper for 5-8 minutes, and then polishing with nylon polishing cloth for 20-50 minutes; typically but not limiting, for example, the grinding time can be 5 minutes, 6 minutes, 7 minutes, 8 minutes, or a range of any two thereof; the polishing time can be 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes, or a range of any two thereof;

[0064] The etching comprises: spraying the etching liquid for 2 to 4 seconds, and then cleaning and drying in sequence; preferably, spraying the mist etching liquid through a nozzle for 2 to 4 seconds, using another nozzle to spray pure water for 1 to 3 seconds to clean the surface, and then blowing the surface dry with an air jet.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, the total thickness of polishing and etching in each polishing and etching treatment is 4 to 10 μm; typically but not limiting, for example, the total thickness of polishing and etching in each polishing and etching treatment can be 4 μm, 6 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm or a range of any two thereof.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the etching solution includes: a mixture of copper sulfate, hydrochloric acid and anhydrous ethanol; preferably, the usage ratio of copper sulfate, hydrochloric acid and anhydrous ethanol is 15g:48-52mL:18-22mL.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, after each grinding, polishing and etching process, an optical microscope is used for observation and photography.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S5, low-magnification microscope photographs of sample B after grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment are spliced ​​and combined by identifying boundaries, and after analysis, the three-dimensional morphology of metallurgical defects in sample B is obtained.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S5, a metal grinding and polishing machine is used to perform a grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment on the plane with the largest projected area of ​​the metallurgical defect in sample B. At the same time, an optical microscope is used to photograph different parts of the metallurgical defects of sample B after the single grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment to obtain a number of low-magnification microscope photographs; computer software is used to perform boundary recognition on each low-magnification microscope photograph, and the images are spliced ​​and combined to obtain metallurgical defect image data after single grinding, polishing and corrosion; the above steps are repeated multiple times to obtain metallurgical defect image data after multiple grinding, polishing and corrosion, which are input into the computer software, and the metallurgical defects are reconstructed using the powerful data processing and analysis capabilities of the computer to obtain a complete three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defects.

[0070] Due to the limitations of the field of view of an optical microscope, a single photo cannot capture the entire picture of the defects in the field of view. Therefore, multiple shots are required and combined to obtain defect boundary information. The low-magnification morphology of metallurgical defects after a single grinding, polishing and corrosion process is identified and combined into a layer of overall morphology of defects, and then the three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defects is formed by layer-by-layer combination.

[0071] Use an optical microscope to collect low-magnification microscopic photographs of metallurgical defects after grinding, polishing and corrosion. These photographs can record the grain morphology and size changes of the defects.

[0072] In order to obtain the complete three-dimensional morphology of metallurgical defects, it is necessary to further reduce the sample size in order to better observe and photograph the defects; use the optical microscope shooting device on the metal grinding and polishing machine to shoot part of the metallurgical defect area to obtain a large amount of metallurgical defect image information; according to the obtained metallurgical defect image information, use computer software to identify the boundaries of each photo, and after splicing, obtain low-magnification image data of metallurgical defects after one grinding, polishing and corrosion, and input the obtained metallurgical defect image data into the computer software, and use the computer's powerful data processing and analysis capabilities to reconstruct the metallurgical defects, and finally obtain the complete three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defects.

[0073] The detection method of metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys of the present invention can be widely used in the fields of high-temperature alloy material manufacturing, quality control and maintenance. First, in the field of high-temperature alloy material manufacturing, the detection method of the present invention can realize the accurate identification and positioning of internal defects of the material, so as to timely discover and correct defects in the material processing process, and improve the quality and reliability of the material. Especially in the fields of aerospace, nuclear power generation, petrochemical industry and other fields with extremely high requirements for material performance, it will greatly improve the safety and performance of the product. Secondly, in the field of high-temperature alloy material quality control, the detection method of the present invention can be used as an important means of quality control. By detecting and identifying internal defects of the material, the comprehensive monitoring and management of the material quality can be realized, which can not only improve the quality of the product, but also reduce the scrap rate and rework cost in the production process, and improve production efficiency. In the field of high-temperature alloy material maintenance, the detection method of the present invention can provide accurate defect information and provide a scientific basis for the maintenance of the material; through the accurate identification and positioning of defects, maintenance can be carried out more targetedly, the efficiency and effect of maintenance can be improved, and the service life of the material can be extended. In general, with the widespread application of high-temperature alloy materials in various fields, the demand for internal defect detection of materials is increasing. The detection method of the present invention will have broad application prospects and market demand in the fields of high-temperature alloy material manufacturing, quality control and maintenance due to its advantages of high efficiency, accuracy and economy.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] The method for detecting metallurgical defects in a high-temperature alloy provided in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0076] S1. Use ultrasonic testing equipment to perform ultrasonic testing on the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested (GH4169 alloy forging, with a large number of white spot metallurgical defects preset) to determine the preliminary position information (position, equivalent information and depth information) of the metallurgical defects in the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested;

[0077] The specific operation is as follows: Place the ultrasonic probe on the surface of the high-temperature alloy workpiece and emit ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic waves propagate inside the workpiece and will generate reflected or refracted waves when encountering metallurgical defects. The return time, intensity and frequency information of these waves are received and analyzed by the ultrasonic testing equipment, which can preliminarily locate the position of the metallurgical defects and obtain the preliminary position information of the metallurgical defects in the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested.

[0078] S2. According to the preliminary position information, the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested is sampled and processed to obtain sample A. The specific operation is as follows: according to the preliminary position information of the metallurgical defect in the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested, the position of the metallurgical defect is set at the center of the sample to be taken and the size of the sample to be taken is designed. The sample to be taken is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the metallurgical defect is 20 to 30 mm away from the boundary of the sample to be taken. It is removed by mechanical processing to obtain sample A.

[0079] S3, placing sample A into an industrial CT detection device, obtaining a three-dimensional image of the metallurgical defects through the high-precision imaging capability of the industrial CT detection, and determining the precise location information of the metallurgical defects in sample A;

[0080] S4. According to the precise position information, the sample A is finely processed by the fast wire cutting method to obtain the sample B; the shape of the sample B is a cylinder with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 5 mm; the size of the sample B is set to increase the boundary size of the metallurgical defect obtained by the industrial CT detection by 4 to 5 mm.

[0081] S5. Select the plane with the largest metallurgical defect projection area, perform grinding, polishing and etching treatments on sample B multiple times using a metal grinding and polishing machine, and collect low-magnification microscope photos of sample B after each grinding, polishing and etching;

[0082] The specific operation is as follows: fix sample B on the metal grinding and polishing machine, use 1500-3000 mesh sandpaper to grind for 5-8 minutes, and then use nylon polishing cloth to polish for 20-50 minutes, and the total thickness of grinding and polishing is 4-6μm; then use a nozzle to spray mist corrosion liquid for 2-4 seconds, and the corrosion liquid is: a mixture of 15g copper sulfate, 50mL hydrochloric acid and 20mL anhydrous ethanol; use another nozzle to spray pure water for 1-3 seconds to clean the surface, and then blow dry the surface with a jet; after drying, use an optical microscope to photograph different parts of the metallurgical defects of sample B after grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment to obtain several low-power microscope photos; repeat the above steps 150 times;

[0083] Observe and take photos with a microscope.

[0084] Using computer software, several low-power microscope photos of metallurgical defects after each grinding, polishing and corrosion are spliced ​​by identifying boundaries to form metallurgical defect image data after each grinding, polishing and corrosion, such as Figure 1 As shown; the metallurgical defect image data obtained after multiple grinding, polishing and corrosion is input into the computer software, and the computer's data processing and analysis capabilities are used to identify the grain differences of metallurgical defects, so as to highlight the metallurgical defects, and the metallurgical defects are reconstructed by combining the multi-layer metallurgical defect analysis results to obtain the complete three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defects, as shown Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0085] Among them, the model of the ultrasonic testing equipment is Waygate Technologies-A1500; the model of the industrial CT testing equipment is METROTOM 1500; the model of the metal grinding and polishing machine is MTI-100; all equipment and software are used in a standard laboratory environment with a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 50%.

[0086] Detection effect: The detection method of metallurgical defects in high-temperature alloys of this embodiment is used to detect white spot defects in GH4169 alloy forgings, and the complete three-dimensional morphology of white spot defects can be obtained. Ultrasonic detection alone can preliminarily obtain the position, equivalent information and depth information of white spot defects in GH4169 alloy forgings, but it is impossible to accurately obtain the position information and three-dimensional morphology of white spot defects. By combining ultrasonic detection and industrial CT detection, it is impossible to accurately describe the boundaries of the defects through data contrast for defective samples that are preliminarily located after ultrasonic detection, and it is impossible to accurately obtain the position information and three-dimensional morphology of white spot defects.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting metallurgical defects in high temperature alloys, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Performing ultrasonic testing on the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested to determine preliminary position information of metallurgical defects in the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested; S2. According to the preliminary position information, sampling is performed on the high-temperature alloy workpiece to obtain sample A; S3, performing industrial CT testing on the sample A to determine the precise location information of the metallurgical defects in the sample A; S4. According to the precise position information, the sample A is finely processed to obtain a sample B; S5. Perform grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment on the sample B for multiple times, collect low-power microscope photos of the sample B after each grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment, and obtain the three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defects in the sample B after analysis.

2. The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested includes a GH4169 alloy forging.

3. The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high temperature alloys according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, the metallurgical defects include white spot defects.

4. The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the preliminary position information includes the position, equivalent information and depth information of the metallurgical defects in the high-temperature alloy workpiece to be tested.

5. The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the distance between the metallurgical defect in the sample A and the edge of the sample A is 20 to 30 mm.

6. The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the precise location information includes a three-dimensional image of the metallurgical defects in sample A.

7. The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the size of the sample B is 4-6 mm larger than the metallurgical defect boundary size detected by industrial CT.

8. The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, a metal grinding and polishing machine is used to perform grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment on the plane with the largest metallurgical defect projection area in the sample B.

9. The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the grinding, polishing and etching treatment includes: performing grinding, polishing and etching in sequence; The grinding and polishing comprises: grinding with 1500-3000 mesh sandpaper for 5-8 minutes, and then polishing with nylon polishing cloth for 20-50 minutes; The etching comprises: spraying the etching liquid for 2 to 4 seconds, and then washing and drying in sequence.

10. The method for detecting metallurgical defects in high temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the low-power microscope photographs of the sample B after the grinding, polishing and corrosion treatment are spliced ​​and combined by identifying boundaries, and after analysis, the three-dimensional morphology of the metallurgical defects in the sample B is obtained.

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