Ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high voltage electrical equipment

Abstract

The application provides a kind of ultra-wideband monopole antenna for high-voltage electrical equipment partial discharge detection, including first dielectric plate, second dielectric plate, third dielectric plate, fourth dielectric plate, metal reflector plate, radiator, square metal ring, metal sleeve, metal cap and coaxial cable;Metal reflector plate is printed on the lower surface of first dielectric plate;The radiator is printed on one side of second dielectric plate;The radiator is a ladder type monopole;The square metal ring is printed on one side of third dielectric plate;The metal sleeve is printed on the outer surface of fourth dielectric plate;The fourth dielectric plate is wrapped outside second dielectric plate and third dielectric plate, so that the metal sleeve is surrounded around the radiator and square metal ring.The ultra-wideband monopole antenna of the application has a simple and compact structure, without the need to form a complex array or increase a complex feed network, to achieve good omnidirectional coverage, more conducive to ultra-high frequency partial discharge detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment, and in particular to an ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment. Background Art

[0002] The insulation system is the cornerstone of the safe operation of power systems. It ensures the smooth transmission of current while effectively isolating live parts from the surrounding environment and preventing current leakage. However, when the insulation system fails, its protective barrier function is lost, exposing power equipment to extremely high risks. Failures such as aging or defects in the insulation system can manifest as partial discharges, which, if left uncontrolled, can cause electrical arcing, arc explosions, and even fires. These phenomena not only cause devastating damage to the equipment itself but can also release large amounts of heat and harmful gases, posing a serious threat to the surrounding environment. Therefore, detecting partial discharge in its early stages is crucial. It is a convenient way to identify faults in high-voltage power equipment and implement preventative replacement or repairs early.

[0003] Currently, there are multiple partial discharge detection methods, including optical sensors, galvanic coupling, ultrasonics, chemical methods, and ultra-high frequency antenna detection. However, these detection methods have limitations in frequency range, sensitivity, and accuracy. Although capacitive couplers offer high sensitivity, they are not well suited for field testing and online monitoring. Ultrasonic methods can be used for field and online monitoring, but they have low sensitivity and are susceptible to interference from surrounding noise signals. Chemical detection methods provide accurate measurements in laboratory tests, but they do not provide standardized values ​​for dissolved gas concentration in oil or correlate them with transformer defects. Optical detection methods offer high sensitivity but require manual operation to locate the partial discharge source. Ultra-high frequency antenna detection methods have attracted widespread attention due to their strong anti-interference capabilities, high sensitivity, and non-contact nature. The antenna used to receive the ultra-high frequency electromagnetic signals generated by partial discharge is a key component in ultra-high frequency detection technology, and its performance directly impacts the accuracy and sensitivity of the partial discharge detection system.

[0004] Compared with antennas used for wireless communications, antennas used to detect partial discharge signals are more difficult to design because of their lower operating frequency band and wider coverage range (0.3–3 GHz). Currently, a large number of different types of antennas have been studied and applied to various electrical equipment to detect partial discharge spectra. For example: spiral antennas, slot antennas, printed monopoles, broadband conical monopoles, loop antennas, open waveguides, etc. Other types of ultra-high frequency antennas, such as fourth-order Hilbert antennas, fractal antennas, circular microstrip patch antennas, and printed rectangular microstrip patch antennas, have also been designed for partial discharge detection in power transformers. However, due to shortcomings such as narrow bandwidth and low gain, these ultra-high frequency antennas still face the challenge of insufficient sensitivity.

[0005] Chinese invention patent publication number CN113422200A proposes a back-reflecting, multi-frequency hollow internal antenna for direct coupling to ultra-high-frequency (UHF) electromagnetic waves from partial discharges. However, its operating frequency intervals are large and it lacks omnidirectional coverage, making it difficult to detect the spectrum of electromagnetic waves generated by partial discharges. Chinese invention patent publication number CN102721910A proposes an UHF antenna built into a switchgear. However, this antenna suffers from large voltage standing waves and a narrow bandwidth, limiting the spectrum of detected partial discharge signals and potentially losing significant information.

[0006] It can be seen that the existing ultra-high frequency antenna still needs to be further improved and perfected in terms of bandwidth, gain and other performance when applied to partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects in the prior art and provide an ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment. The antenna's impedance matching and gain characteristics are improved through a simple structure, providing a more optimized solution for the design of partial discharge detection antennas.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] An ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment, comprising a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate, a fourth dielectric plate, a metal reflector, a radiator, a square metal ring, a metal sleeve, a metal cap, and a coaxial cable;

[0010] The first dielectric plate is arranged along the XOY plane, and the metal reflective plate is printed on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate;

[0011] The second dielectric plate is arranged along the XOZ plane and vertically connected to the top of the first dielectric plate. The radiator is printed on a side surface of the second dielectric plate. The radiator is a stepped monopole, including a first microstrip, a second microstrip, and a third microstrip arranged in sequence from bottom to top along the Z-axis and integrally connected. The width of the second microstrip is greater than that of the first and third microstrips, so that a step protruding outward is formed in the middle of the stepped monopole. A gap is formed in the middle of the second microstrip and the second dielectric plate, which passes through the middle along the Y-axis and extends along the Z-axis.

[0012] The third dielectric plate is arranged along the YOZ plane, passes through the gap in the middle of the second microstrip and the second dielectric plate, and is perpendicularly crossed and connected to the second dielectric plate; the square metal ring is printed on one side of the third dielectric plate, and the center line of the square metal ring is located at the gap, so that the square metal ring and the radiator are perpendicularly crossed;

[0013] The fourth dielectric plate is in the shape of a hollow cylinder with its axis arranged along the Z axis. The metal sleeve is printed on the outer surface of the fourth dielectric plate. The fourth dielectric plate is sleeved outside the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate, so that the metal sleeve surrounds the radiator and the square metal ring.

[0014] The metal cap is sleeved on the upper end of the fourth dielectric plate, so that a closed space is formed inside the fourth dielectric plate to enclose the radiator and the square metal ring;

[0015] The outer conductor of the coaxial cable is fixed to the metal reflector by welding, and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable passes through the metal reflector and the first dielectric plate in sequence and is electrically connected to the middle of the lower end of the first microstrip.

[0016] Furthermore, the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate, the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate are FR4 dielectric plates; the thickness of the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate is 1.6 mm, and the thickness of the fourth dielectric plate is 0.2 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable is 50Ω.

[0018] Furthermore, an annular groove is formed on the metal reflector, the center of the annular groove is located below the radiator, and the diameter of the annular groove is larger than the diameter of the metal sleeve;

[0019] The welding point between the outer conductor of the coaxial cable and the metal reflector is located at the center of the annular groove. The inner conductor of the coaxial cable passes through the metal reflector and the first dielectric plate in sequence from the center of the annular groove and is electrically connected to the middle of the lower end of the first microstrip.

[0020] Furthermore, the metal sleeve is provided with a first annular partition groove and a second annular partition groove, and the first annular partition groove and the second annular partition groove extend parallel to each other along the circumferential direction to divide the metal sleeve into three sections that do not contact each other.

[0021] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the metal cap is larger than the diameter of the metal sleeve, and a margin is left between the upper edge of the metal sleeve and the upper edge of the fourth dielectric plate, so that the metal sleeve and the metal cap do not contact each other; a margin is also left between the lower edge of the metal sleeve and the lower edge of the fourth dielectric plate, so that the metal sleeve and the first dielectric plate do not contact each other.

[0022] Furthermore, the second dielectric plate has protruding connecting portions on both sides of the lower end in the X-axis direction, and the lower ends of the connecting portions are provided with connecting protrusions protruding downward; the first dielectric plate is provided with connecting sockets matching the connecting protrusions, and the second dielectric plate is inserted into the connecting sockets through the connecting protrusions to achieve connection and fixation with the first dielectric plate.

[0023] Furthermore, the upper end of the connecting portion is provided with a connecting slot with an opening facing upward, and the lower end of the fourth dielectric plate is provided with a connecting slot with a lower opening facing downward; the lower end of the fourth dielectric plate is plugged and fixed to the second dielectric plate through the connecting slot, and the lower end of the fourth dielectric plate is also welded and fixed to the first dielectric plate through a plurality of welding pads.

[0024] Furthermore, both sides of the middle and upper end of the second dielectric plate in the X-axis direction have protruding connecting parts, and the ends of the connecting parts are provided with welding pads for welding and fixing to the side surfaces of the fourth dielectric plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the third dielectric plate has protruding connecting parts on both sides of the Y-axis direction, and the ends of the connecting parts are provided with soldering pads for welding and fixing with the side surfaces of the fourth dielectric plate; the middle parts of both sides of the third dielectric plate in the Z-axis direction have protruding limiting parts for limiting the position of the third dielectric plate in the gap.

[0026] The present invention provides an ultra-wideband monopole antenna suitable for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment. By loading a metal sleeve on the basis of a traditional monopole antenna, the effects of improving impedance matching and increasing gain are achieved, and the added metal cap can reduce the height of the antenna and reduce the volume of the antenna. The present invention also achieves the effect of improving antenna impedance matching by changing the monopole radiator into a stepped radiator, connecting a square metal ring in the middle of the radiator, and etching an annular groove on the metal reflector. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna of the present invention has a simple and compact structure. It can achieve good omnidirectional coverage without forming a complex array or adding a complex feeding network, which is more conducive to the development of ultra-high frequency partial discharge detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a whole structure schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0028] Figure 2 is a side structure schematic diagram of a second dielectric plate in the embodiment of the application.

[0029] Figure 3 is a side structure schematic diagram of a third dielectric plate in the embodiment of the application.

[0030] Figure 4 is a side structure schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0031] Figure 5 is a bottom structure schematic diagram of a first dielectric plate in the embodiment of the application.

[0032] Figure 6 is an S parameter diagram obtained by simulation of the embodiment of the application.

[0033] Figure 7 is a radiation pattern obtained by simulation of the embodiment of the application at a center frequency.

[0034] Figure 8 is a gain characteristic diagram obtained by simulation of the embodiment of the application.

[0035] Figure 9 is an S parameter comparison diagram of the embodiment of the application and a conventional monopole antenna.

[0036] Figure 10 is an S parameter comparison diagram when different shapes of radiators are used in the embodiment of the application.

[0037] Figure 11 is an S parameter comparison diagram in the presence of a ring groove and the absence of a ring groove in the embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] As shown in Figures 1 to 5 , the application provides an ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment, which comprises a first dielectric plate 11, a second dielectric plate 12, a third dielectric plate 13, a fourth dielectric plate 14, a metal reflection plate 2, a radiator 3, a square metal ring 4, a metal sleeve 5, a metal cap 6 and a coaxial cable 7. In the embodiment, the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate, the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate are FR4 dielectric plates; the thicknesses of the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate are 1.6 mm, and the thickness of the fourth dielectric plate is 0.2 mm.

[0040] Specifically, the first dielectric plate 11 is disposed along the XOY plane, and the metal reflective plate 2 is printed on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate 11 .

[0041] The second dielectric plate 12 is arranged along the XOZ plane and vertically connected to the top of the first dielectric plate 11. The radiator 3 is printed on one side of the second dielectric plate 12. Figure 2 As shown, in order to improve the impedance matching of the antenna at high frequencies, the radiator 3 in this embodiment is a stepped monopole, which includes a first microstrip 31, a second microstrip 32, and a third microstrip 33 arranged in sequence from bottom to top along the Z-axis and connected as one piece; the width of the second microstrip 32 is greater than that of the first microstrip 31 and the third microstrip 33, so that a step protruding outward is formed in the middle of the stepped monopole; the second microstrip 32 and the middle of the second dielectric plate 12 have a gap that penetrates along the Y-axis direction and extends along the Z-axis direction for installing and fixing the third dielectric plate.

[0042] Combine Figure 3 As shown, the third dielectric plate 13 is arranged along the YOZ plane, passing through the gap between the second microstrip 32 and the middle of the second dielectric plate 12, perpendicularly intersecting the second dielectric plate 12. The square metal ring 4 is printed on one side of the third dielectric plate 13, with the centerline of the square metal ring 4 located at the gap, so that the square metal ring 4 and the radiator 3 intersect perpendicularly. The third dielectric plate 13 has protruding stoppers 130 in the middle of both sides in the Z-axis direction, which are used to limit the position of the third dielectric plate 13 in the gap.

[0043] Combine Figure 4 As shown, the fourth dielectric plate 14 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder with its axis arranged along the Z axis, and the metal sleeve 5 is printed on the outer surface of the fourth dielectric plate 14; the fourth dielectric plate 14 is sleeved on the outside of the second dielectric plate 12 and the third dielectric plate 13, so that the metal sleeve 5 surrounds the radiator 3 and the square metal ring 4.

[0044] The metal cap 6 is sleeved on the upper end of the fourth dielectric plate 14 , so that a closed space is formed inside the fourth dielectric plate 14 to enclose the radiator 3 and the square metal ring 4 therein.

[0045] The characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable 7 is 50Ω. The outer conductor of the coaxial cable 7 is welded to the metal reflector 2 , and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 7 passes through the metal reflector 2 and the first dielectric plate 11 in sequence and is electrically connected to the middle of the lower end of the first microstrip 31 .

[0046] Further, if Figure 4As shown, the metal sleeve 5 is provided with a first annular partition groove 51 and a second annular partition groove 52 , which extend parallel to each other along the circumferential direction to divide the metal sleeve 5 into three sections that do not contact each other.

[0047] The inner diameter of the metal cap 6 is larger than the diameter of the metal sleeve 5. A margin 53 is left between the upper edge of the metal sleeve 5 and the upper edge of the fourth dielectric plate 14, so that the metal sleeve 5 and the metal cap 6 do not contact each other; a margin 54 is also left between the lower edge of the metal sleeve 5 and the lower edge of the fourth dielectric plate 14, so that the metal sleeve 5 and the first dielectric plate 11 do not contact each other.

[0048] Combine Figure 5 As shown, the metal reflector 2 is provided with an annular groove 20 to further improve the antenna's impedance matching at low frequencies. The center of the annular groove 20 is located below the radiator 3, and the diameter of the annular groove 20 is larger than the diameter of the metal sleeve 5. The weld between the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 7 and the metal reflector 2 is located at the center of the annular groove 20. The inner conductor of the coaxial cable 7 passes through the metal reflector 2 and the first dielectric plate 11 from the center of the annular groove 20, and then electrically connects to the middle of the lower end of the first microstrip 31 to achieve power feeding.

[0049] Combine Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the second dielectric plate 12 has protruding connecting portions on both sides of the lower end in the X-axis direction, and the lower ends of the connecting portions are provided with connecting protrusions 120 protruding downward; the first dielectric plate 11 is provided with connecting sockets 110 that match the connecting protrusions 120, and the second dielectric plate 12 is inserted into the connecting sockets 110 through the connecting protrusions 120 to achieve connection and fixation with the first dielectric plate 11.

[0050] The upper end of the connecting portion is provided with a connecting slot with an opening facing upward, and the lower end of the fourth dielectric plate 14 is provided with a connecting slot with a lower opening facing downward; the lower end of the fourth dielectric plate 14 is plugged and fixed to the second dielectric plate 12 through the connecting slot, and the lower end of the fourth dielectric plate 14 is also welded and fixed to the first dielectric plate 11 through a plurality of welding pads.

[0051] Furthermore, the middle and upper ends of the second dielectric plate 12 have protruding connection portions on both sides in the X-axis direction, and the ends of the connection portions are provided with solder pads for being soldered and fixed to the side surfaces of the fourth dielectric plate 14 .

[0052] Further, combined with Figure 3 As shown, in order to strengthen the antenna structure, the third dielectric plate 13 has protruding connecting parts on both sides of the Y-axis direction, and the ends of the connecting parts are provided with pads for welding and fixing to the side surfaces of the fourth dielectric plate 14.

[0053] Figure 6 This is an S-parameter diagram obtained by simulating the ultra-wideband monopole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, in this embodiment, the ultra-wideband monopole antenna can cover the frequency band of 0.3-1.0 GHz with a reflection coefficient less than -10 dB, achieving a wide coverage range.

[0054] Figure 7 The radiation pattern obtained by simulation at the center frequency of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The results show that the ultra-wideband monopole antenna of this embodiment has good omnidirectional radiation characteristics, which is conducive to detecting electromagnetic wave signals generated by partial discharge from 360 degrees in the horizontal plane.

[0055] Figure 8 This is a gain characteristic diagram obtained by simulation of an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, across the entire operating frequency band, the gain of the ultra-wideband monopole antenna of this embodiment is approximately 0.8–5.0 dBi, significantly higher than that of the prior art.

[0056] Figure 9 The figure shows a comparison of the S parameters of the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional monopole antenna. The results show that the bandwidth of the ultra-wideband monopole antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is significantly broadened compared with the prior art.

[0057] Figure 10 This figure compares the S-parameters of different radiator shapes used in embodiments of the present invention. The dashed line represents the S-parameters when using a conventional radiator shape, while the solid line represents the S-parameters when using the stepped radiator (i.e., stepped monopole) in this embodiment. The results show that, compared to the prior art, this embodiment improves antenna impedance matching at both low and high frequencies by using a stepped radiator.

[0058] Figure 11 The S-parameter comparison diagram of the embodiment of the present invention with and without the annular groove shows that the annular groove in this embodiment can significantly improve the impedance matching of the antenna at low frequencies.

[0059] In summary, the ultra-wideband monopole antenna provided by this invention for partial discharge detection in high-voltage electrical equipment achieves excellent vertically polarized omnidirectional radiation performance by using a 50Ω coaxial cable to feed the monopole. The antenna also reduces return loss to below -10 dB in the 0.3–1.0 GHz frequency band. Test results demonstrate that the ultra-wideband monopole antenna of this invention has an operating bandwidth of 107.69%, a gain of 0.8–5.0 dBi, and excellent omnidirectional radiation performance, providing a promising solution for the design of partial discharge detection antennas.

[0060] The present invention provides an ultra-wideband monopole antenna suitable for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment. By loading a metal sleeve on the basis of a traditional monopole antenna, the effects of improving impedance matching and increasing gain are achieved, and the added metal cap can reduce the height of the antenna and reduce the volume of the antenna. The present invention also achieves the effect of improving antenna impedance matching by changing the monopole radiator into a stepped radiator, connecting a square metal ring in the middle of the radiator, and etching an annular groove on the metal reflector. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna of the present invention has a simple and compact structure. It can achieve good omnidirectional coverage without forming a complex array or adding a complex feeding network, which is more conducive to the development of ultra-high frequency partial discharge detection.

[0061] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate, a fourth dielectric plate, a metal reflector, a radiator, a square metal ring, a metal sleeve, a metal cap and a coaxial cable; The first dielectric plate is arranged along the XOY plane, and the metal reflective plate is printed on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate; The second dielectric plate is arranged along the XOZ plane and vertically connected to the top of the first dielectric plate. The radiator is printed on a side surface of the second dielectric plate. The radiator is a stepped monopole, including a first microstrip, a second microstrip, and a third microstrip arranged in sequence from bottom to top along the Z-axis and integrally connected. The width of the second microstrip is greater than that of the first and third microstrips, so that a step protruding outward is formed in the middle of the stepped monopole. A gap is formed in the middle of the second microstrip and the second dielectric plate, which passes through the middle along the Y-axis and extends along the Z-axis. The third dielectric plate is arranged along the YOZ plane, passes through the gap in the middle of the second microstrip and the second dielectric plate, and is perpendicularly crossed and connected to the second dielectric plate; the square metal ring is printed on one side of the third dielectric plate, and the center line of the square metal ring is located at the gap, so that the square metal ring and the radiator are perpendicularly crossed; The fourth dielectric plate is in the shape of a hollow cylinder with its axis arranged along the Z axis. The metal sleeve is printed on the outer surface of the fourth dielectric plate. The fourth dielectric plate is sleeved outside the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate, so that the metal sleeve surrounds the radiator and the square metal ring. The metal cap is sleeved on the upper end of the fourth dielectric plate, so that a closed space is formed inside the fourth dielectric plate to enclose the radiator and the square metal ring; The outer conductor of the coaxial cable is fixed to the metal reflector by welding, and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable passes through the metal reflector and the first dielectric plate in sequence and is electrically connected to the middle of the lower end of the first microstrip.

2. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate, the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate are FR4 dielectric plates; the thickness of the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate is 1.6 mm, and the thickness of the fourth dielectric plate is 0.2 mm.

3. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable is 50Ω.

4. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove is formed on the metal reflector, the center of the annular groove is located below the radiator, and the diameter of the annular groove is larger than the diameter of the metal sleeve; The welding point between the outer conductor of the coaxial cable and the metal reflector is located at the center of the annular groove. The inner conductor of the coaxial cable passes through the metal reflector and the first dielectric plate in sequence from the center of the annular groove and is electrically connected to the middle of the lower end of the first microstrip.

5. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal sleeve is provided with a first annular partition groove and a second annular partition groove, which extend parallel to each other along the circumferential direction to divide the metal sleeve into three sections that do not contact each other.

6. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the metal cap is larger than the diameter of the metal sleeve, and a margin is left between the upper edge of the metal sleeve and the upper edge of the fourth dielectric plate, so that the metal sleeve and the metal cap do not contact each other; a margin is also left between the lower edge of the metal sleeve and the lower edge of the fourth dielectric plate, so that the metal sleeve and the first dielectric plate do not contact each other.

7. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second dielectric plate has protruding connecting portions on both sides of the lower end in the X-axis direction, and the lower ends of the connecting portions are provided with connecting protrusions protruding downward; the first dielectric plate is provided with connecting sockets matching the connecting protrusions, and the second dielectric plate is inserted into the connecting sockets through the connecting protrusions to achieve connection and fixation with the first dielectric plate.

8. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the connecting portion is provided with a connecting slot with an opening facing upward, and the lower end of the fourth dielectric plate is provided with a connecting slot with a lower opening facing downward; the lower end of the fourth dielectric plate is plugged and fixed to the second dielectric plate through the connecting slot, and the lower end of the fourth dielectric plate is also welded and fixed to the first dielectric plate through a plurality of welding pads.

9. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: Both sides of the middle and upper end of the second dielectric plate in the X-axis direction have protruding connecting parts, and the ends of the connecting parts are provided with welding pads for welding and fixing to the side surfaces of the fourth dielectric plate.

10. The ultra-wideband monopole antenna for partial discharge detection of high-voltage electrical equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The third dielectric plate has protruding connecting parts on both sides in the Y-axis direction, and the ends of the connecting parts are provided with soldering pads for welding and fixing with the side surfaces of the fourth dielectric plate; the middle parts of both sides in the Z-axis direction of the third dielectric plate have protruding limiting parts for limiting the position of the third dielectric plate in the gap.

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