Compound preparation suitable for breeding hybrid snakeheaded fish in high-temperature period and preparation method of compound preparation

Abstract

The invention relates to a compound preparation suitable for breeding hybrid snakehead in a high-temperature period and a preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of fish breeding. The invention provides a preparation method of a compound preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing fermentation liquor and compound probiotics, stirring, freeze-drying the obtained mixture to obtain a dried product, putting the dried product into a spray dryer, spraying outer layer liquid on the surface of the dried product, and drying to obtain the compound preparation. The compound preparation is prepared by wrapping the content with the outer-layer liquid, the outer-layer liquid is obtained by compounding the pectin solution and the concentrated solution, the content is obtained by compounding the compound probiotics and the fermentation liquor, and beneficial components in the content are released along with gradual disappearance of the outer-layer liquid, so that the compound preparation is free of side effects. The beneficial components not only can provide comprehensive nutrition for the hybrid snakehead, but also can improve the absorption and conversion capability of the hybrid snakehead to the feed in the high-temperature period, provide guarantee for the intestinal health of the hybrid snakehead, and further promote the growth and development of the hybrid snakehead.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fish breeding, and relates to a composite preparation suitable for breeding hybrid snakehead fish in a high temperature period and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The common Channa fish on the market are mainly Channa argus and Channa maculata. Channa argus is known for its rapid growth, but its breeding method is limited and mainly relies on iced fish, which not only increases the breeding cost, but also may have a negative impact on the environment, such as eutrophication of water bodies and the spread of diseases. In contrast, although Channa maculata can accept feed, its growth rate and body shape are not satisfactory. Therefore, the Pearl River Delta region is mainly dominated by hybrid Channa argus. Hybrid Channa argus is the offspring of Channa argus as the male parent and Channa maculata as the female parent. Hybrid Channa argus not only has delicious meat and fast growth rate, but also has strong adaptability to low-oxygen environment and strong disease resistance. These characteristics make hybrid Channa argus very popular in the aquaculture industry and rapidly expand the scale of aquaculture.

[0003] However, the high temperature environment in the Pearl River Delta region poses certain challenges to its growth and reproduction. The high temperature period usually refers to the period when the water temperature exceeds 28°C. At this time, the metabolism of hybrid snakehead fish is accelerated and the food intake is increased, but the absorption and conversion rate of feed is reduced, resulting in slow growth and increased mortality. In the long run, it is easy to cause disease and affect the breeding efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a compound preparation suitable for the high temperature period breeding of hybrid snakehead fish, which can improve the growth environment of hybrid snakehead fish during the high temperature period, improve its immunity, and enhance the conversion efficiency of feed, thereby improving the overall breeding efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus in high temperature period breeding and a preparation method thereof. The composite preparation of the present invention is prepared by an outer layer liquid wrapping a content, wherein the outer layer liquid is compounded by a pectin solution and a concentrated liquid, and the content is compounded by a composite probiotic and a fermentation liquid. As the outer layer liquid gradually disappears, the beneficial components in the content are released, and these beneficial components can not only provide comprehensive nutrition for Channa argus, but also improve the absorption and conversion capacity of Channa argus for feed in high temperature period, provide protection for the intestinal health of Channa argus, and further promote the growth and development of Channa argus.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding during high temperature period, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] The fermentation liquid and the composite probiotics are mixed and stirred for 1-3 hours. The resulting mixture is freeze-dried to obtain a dry product. The dry product is placed in a spray dryer, and an outer layer liquid having a mass ratio of 1.1-1.3:1 to the dry product is sprayed on the surface of the dry product, and dried to obtain a composite preparation.

[0008] Furthermore, the fermentation liquid is prepared by:

[0009] Prepare the raw materials in proportion, wash and chop them, sterilize them at 121°C for 15-25 minutes, put them into a fermentation tank, add deionized water, inoculate, add enzyme preparations, control the temperature at 30-37°C, the humidity at 60-70%, ferment for 6-8 days, stop fermentation when the pH reaches 4-5, centrifuge, and filter to obtain the fermentation liquid.

[0010] Furthermore, the raw materials include 4-8 parts of sweet potato leaves, 3-6 parts of Zengrun grass, 4-7 parts of isatis root and 2-4 parts of astragalus by weight; the mass ratio of the raw materials to deionized water is 1:5-8; the ratio of the bacterial solution used for inoculation to the total weight of the raw materials is 1:8-12 ml / g, and the bacterial solution has a concentration of 1-1.2×10 7 CFU / ml lactic acid bacteria solution and the concentration is 1.5-1.7×10 6 The CFU / ml yeast solution is compounded according to a volume ratio of 1:0.6-0.8; the enzyme preparation uses cellulase and amylase, and the usage of the cellulase and amylase accounts for 0.08-0.12% of the total mass of the mixture of raw materials and deionized water.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotation speed and time of the centrifugation are 3000-5000 rpm and 10-20 min respectively; and the filtration uses a 200-mesh filter cloth.

[0012] Furthermore, the ratio of the composite probiotics to the fermentation broth is 0.12-0.14:1 g / ml, the composite probiotics are composed of yeast, bacillus and bifidobacterium in a mass ratio of 0.1-0.5:0.4-0.8:0.1-0.3, and the effective bacterial content of the yeast is 0.5-0.8×10 7 CFU / g, the effective bacterial content of the Bacillus is 0.9-1.1×10 7 CFU / g, the effective bacterial content of the bifidobacterium is 0.3-0.5×10 7 CFU / g.

[0013] Furthermore, the freeze-drying parameters are: vacuum degree of 5-15 Pa, freezing temperature of -40°C to -50°C, and drying time of 24-48h.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer layer liquid is prepared by:

[0015] Pectin and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4-6, and heated at 60-70°C for 20-30 minutes to obtain a pectin solution. The pectin solution and the concentrated solution are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1.5-2, and stirred at a speed of 60-100 rpm for 30-40 minutes to obtain an outer layer liquid.

[0016] Furthermore, the preparation method of the concentrated solution is:

[0017] Wash and dry hawthorn and cinnamon, crush them through a 40-60 mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder, add deionized water, and the mass ratio of hawthorn, cinnamon and deionized water is 3.5-4.5:6-7:12.5-14.5, then cook at 60-80°C for 1-3h, pass through a 200-mesh filter cloth after cooling to obtain a filtrate, and concentrate at 45°C by rotary evaporation to 0.2-0.4 times the volume of the original filtrate to obtain a concentrated solution.

[0018] Furthermore, the parameters of the spray dryer are: spray pressure of 0.2-0.5 MPa, spray speed of 5-7 mL / min; the drying temperature and time are 40-50° C. and 1-2 h, respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the compound preparation is added to the hybrid snakehead feed in an amount of 1-3% of the total mass of the feed.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] (1) The composite preparation of the present invention is prepared by wrapping the contents with an outer layer liquid, wherein the outer layer liquid is prepared by compounding a pectin solution and a concentrated liquid. The cinnamon in the concentrated liquid has a unique aroma and has a certain appetite-inducing effect. The hawthorn can stimulate the digestive system of the hybrid black snakehead to secrete digestive juice and enhance gastrointestinal motility, thereby improving the appetite and digestive ability of the black snakehead. In addition, cinnamon and hawthorn contain a variety of active ingredients, which can provide additional nutritional supplements for the growth and development of the hybrid black snakehead. At the same time, a small amount of pectin is added to increase the viscosity, stability and formability of the composite preparation.

[0022] (2) The contents of the composite preparation of the present invention include composite probiotics and fermentation broth. The yeast, bacillus and bifidobacterium in the composite probiotics colonize in the intestine of hybrid snakehead and produce a variety of digestive enzymes and organic acids. The digestive enzymes further assist in decomposing the nutrients in the feed. The probiotics can also regulate the balance of intestinal flora, promote intestinal peristalsis, and synergistically improve the utilization rate of the feed. The sweet potato leaves in the fermentation broth are rich in nutrients such as protein and vitamins, the grass of enrichment contains rich nutrients such as crude protein and amino acids, the root of isatis has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, and the flavonoids in astragalus have antioxidant effects. The synergistic effect of the four can effectively reduce the bacteria and virus infections that the hybrid snakehead may suffer during the high temperature period, thereby improving the disease resistance of the hybrid snakehead.

[0023] (3) As the outer layer of fluid gradually disappears, the beneficial components in the contents are released. These beneficial components can not only provide comprehensive nutrition for the hybrid snakehead, but also improve the hybrid snakehead's ability to absorb and convert feed during the high temperature period, provide protection for the intestinal health of the hybrid snakehead, and further promote the growth and development of the hybrid snakehead. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the embodiments.

[0025] The yeasts in all the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are purchased directly from the market, and are all purchased from Shandong Xinxiong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the Bacillus are purchased directly from the market, and are all purchased from Shandong Xinxiong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the product name is Bacillus coagulans; the Bifidobacterium are purchased directly from the market, and are all purchased from Shandong Xinxiong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the product name is Bifidobacterium longum; the lactic acid bacteria are purchased directly from the market, and are all purchased from Shandong Xinxiong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the product name is Lactobacillus plantarum; the cellulases are purchased directly from the market, and are all purchased from Jiangxi Huayuyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the amylases are purchased directly from the market, and are all purchased from Jiangxi Huayuyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the product name is α-fungal amylase; the pectins are purchased directly from the market, and are all purchased from Shanghai Zhongfeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding during high temperature period. The method for preparing the composite preparation of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0028] The fermentation liquid and the composite probiotics were mixed and stirred for 1 hour, and the resulting mixture was freeze-dried to obtain a dry product. The dry product was placed in a spray dryer, and an outer layer liquid with a mass ratio of 1.1:1 to the dry product was sprayed on the surface of the dry product, and dried to obtain a composite preparation.

[0029] The preparation method of the fermentation liquid of this embodiment is:

[0030] Prepare the raw materials in proportion, wash and chop them, sterilize them at 121°C for 15 minutes, put them into a fermentation tank, add deionized water, inoculate, add enzyme preparations, control the temperature at 30°C, the humidity at 60%, ferment for 6-8 days, stop fermentation when the pH reaches 4, centrifuge, and filter to obtain the fermentation liquid.

[0031] The raw materials of this embodiment include 4 parts of sweet potato leaves, 3 parts of Zengrun grass, 4 parts of isatis root and 2 parts of astragalus by weight; the mass ratio of the raw materials and deionized water in this embodiment is 1:5; the ratio of the bacterial solution used for inoculation in this embodiment to the total weight of the raw materials is 1:8 ml / g, and the bacterial solution is composed of a concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / ml lactic acid bacteria solution and a concentration of 1.5×10 6 The yeast solution with a CFU / ml was compounded according to a volume ratio of 1:0.6; the enzyme preparation of this embodiment uses cellulase and amylase, and the amount of cellulase and amylase used in this embodiment accounts for 0.08% of the total mass of the mixture of raw materials and deionized water.

[0032] The centrifugal speed and time of this embodiment are 3000 rpm and 10 min respectively; the filtration in this embodiment uses a 200-mesh filter cloth.

[0033] The ratio of the composite probiotics to the fermentation liquid in this embodiment is 0.12:1 g / ml. The composite probiotics are composed of yeast, bacillus and bifidobacterium in a mass ratio of 0.1:0.4:0.1, and the effective bacterial content of yeast is 0.5×10 7 CFU / g, the effective bacterial content of Bacillus is 0.9×10 7 CFU / g, the effective bacterial content of Bifidobacterium is 0.3×10 7 CFU / g.

[0034] The freeze-drying parameters of this embodiment are: vacuum degree of 5 Pa, freezing temperature of -40°C, and drying time of 24 hours.

[0035] The preparation method of the outer layer liquid of this embodiment is:

[0036] Pectin and deionized water were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4, and heated at 60°C for 20 minutes to obtain a pectin solution. The pectin solution and the concentrated solution were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1.5, and stirred at 60 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain an outer layer liquid.

[0037] The preparation method of the concentrated solution of this embodiment is:

[0038] Wash and dry hawthorn and cinnamon, then crush them through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder, add deionized water, and the mass ratio of hawthorn, cinnamon and deionized water is 3.5:6:12.5, then cook at 60°C for 1 hour, cool and pass through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain a filtrate, and concentrate by rotary evaporation at 45°C to 0.2 times the volume of the original filtrate to obtain a concentrated solution.

[0039] The parameters of the spray dryer in this embodiment are: the spray pressure is 0.2 MPa, the spray speed is 5 mL / min; the drying temperature and time in this embodiment are 40° C. and 1 h, respectively.

[0040] The amount of the composite preparation of this example added to the hybrid snakehead feed is 1% of the total mass of the feed.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding during high temperature period. The method for preparing the composite preparation of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0043] The fermentation liquid and the composite probiotics were mixed and stirred for 3 hours, and the resulting mixture was freeze-dried to obtain a dry product. The dry product was placed in a spray dryer, and an outer layer liquid with a mass ratio of 1.3:1 to the dry product was sprayed on the surface of the dry product, and dried to obtain a composite preparation.

[0044] The preparation method of the fermentation liquid of this embodiment is:

[0045] Prepare the raw materials in proportion, wash and chop them, sterilize them at 121°C for 25 minutes, put them into a fermentation tank, add deionized water, inoculate, add enzyme preparations, control the temperature at 37°C, the humidity at 70%, ferment for 8 days, stop fermentation when the pH reaches 5, centrifuge, and filter to obtain the fermentation liquid.

[0046] The raw materials of this embodiment include 8 parts of sweet potato leaves, 6 parts of Zengrun grass, 7 parts of isatis root and 4 parts of astragalus by weight; the mass ratio of the raw materials and deionized water in this embodiment is 1:8; the ratio of the bacterial solution used for inoculation in this embodiment to the total weight of the raw materials is 1:12 ml / g, and the bacterial solution is composed of a concentration of 1.2×10 7 CFU / ml of lactic acid bacteria solution and a concentration of 1.7×10 6The yeast solution with a CFU / ml was compounded according to a volume ratio of 1:0.8; the enzyme preparation of this embodiment uses cellulase and amylase, and the amount of cellulase and amylase used in this embodiment accounts for 0.12% of the total mass of the mixture of raw materials and deionized water.

[0047] The centrifugal speed and time of this embodiment are 5000 rpm and 20 min respectively; the filtration in this embodiment uses a 200 mesh filter cloth.

[0048] The ratio of the composite probiotics to the fermentation liquid in this embodiment is 0.14:1 g / ml. The composite probiotics are composed of yeast, bacillus and bifidobacterium in a mass ratio of 0.5:0.8:0.3, and the effective bacterial content of yeast is 0.8×10 7 CFU / g, the effective bacterial content of Bacillus is 1.1×10 7 CFU / g, the effective bacterial content of Bifidobacterium is 0.5×10 7 CFU / g.

[0049] The freeze-drying parameters of this embodiment are: vacuum degree of 15 Pa, freezing temperature of -50°C, and drying time of 48 hours.

[0050] The preparation method of the outer layer liquid of this embodiment is:

[0051] Pectin and deionized water were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:6, and heated at 70°C for 30 minutes to obtain a pectin solution. The pectin solution and the concentrated solution were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:2, and stirred at a speed of 100 rpm for 40 minutes to obtain an outer layer liquid.

[0052] The preparation method of the concentrated solution of this embodiment is:

[0053] Wash and dry hawthorn and cinnamon, then crush them through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder, add deionized water, and the mass ratio of hawthorn, cinnamon and deionized water is 4.5:7:14.5, then cook at 80°C for 3 hours, cool and pass through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain a filtrate, and concentrate by rotary evaporation at 45°C to 0.4 times the volume of the original filtrate to obtain a concentrated solution.

[0054] The parameters of the spray dryer in this embodiment are: the spray pressure is 0.5 MPa, the spray speed is 7 mL / min; the drying temperature and time in this embodiment are 50° C. and 2 h, respectively.

[0055] The amount of the composite preparation of this example added to the hybrid snakehead feed is 3% of the total mass of the feed.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] A method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding during high temperature period. The method for preparing the composite preparation of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0058] The fermentation liquid and the composite probiotics were mixed and stirred for 2 hours, and the resulting mixture was freeze-dried to obtain a dry product. The dry product was placed in a spray dryer, and an outer layer liquid with a mass ratio of 1.2:1 to the dry product was sprayed on the surface of the dry product, and dried to obtain a composite preparation.

[0059] The preparation method of the fermentation liquid of this embodiment is:

[0060] Prepare the raw materials in proportion, wash and chop them, sterilize them at 121°C for 20 minutes, put them into the fermentation tank, add deionized water, inoculate, add enzyme preparations, control the temperature at 33.5°C, the humidity at 65%, ferment for 7 days, stop fermentation when the pH reaches 4.5, centrifuge, and filter to obtain the fermentation liquid.

[0061] The raw materials of this embodiment include 6 parts of sweet potato leaves, 4.5 parts of Zengrun grass, 5.5 parts of isatis root and 3 parts of astragalus by weight; the mass ratio of the raw materials and deionized water in this embodiment is 1:6.5; the ratio of the bacterial solution used for inoculation in this embodiment to the total weight of the raw materials is 1:10 ml / g, and the bacterial solution is composed of a concentration of 1.1×10 7 CFU / ml lactic acid bacteria solution and a concentration of 1.6×10 6 The yeast solution with a volume ratio of 1:0.7 was prepared; the enzyme preparation of this embodiment used cellulase and amylase, and the amount of cellulase and amylase used in this embodiment accounted for 0.1% of the total mass of the mixture of raw materials and deionized water.

[0062] The centrifugal speed and time of this embodiment are 4000 rpm and 15 min respectively; the filtration in this embodiment uses a 200 mesh filter cloth.

[0063] The ratio of the composite probiotics to the fermentation liquid in this embodiment is 0.13:1 g / ml. The composite probiotics are composed of yeast, bacillus and bifidobacterium in a mass ratio of 0.3:0.6:0.2, and the effective bacterial content of yeast is 0.65×10 7 CFU / g, the effective bacterial content of Bacillus is 1×10 7 CFU / g, the effective bacterial content of the bifidobacterium is 0.4×10 7 CFU / g.

[0064] The freeze-drying parameters of this embodiment are: vacuum degree of 10 Pa, freezing temperature of -45°C, and drying time of 36 hours.

[0065] The preparation method of the outer layer liquid of this embodiment is:

[0066] Pectin and deionized water were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:5, and heated at 65°C for 25 minutes to obtain a pectin solution. The pectin solution and the concentrated solution were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1.75, and stirred at a speed of 80 rpm for 35 minutes to obtain an outer layer liquid.

[0067] The preparation method of the concentrated solution of this embodiment is:

[0068] Wash and dry hawthorn and cinnamon, then crush them through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder, add deionized water, and the mass ratio of hawthorn, cinnamon and deionized water is 4:6.5:13.5, then cook at 70°C for 2h, cool and pass through a 200-mesh filter cloth to obtain a filtrate, and concentrate by rotary evaporation at 45°C to 0.3 times the volume of the original filtrate to obtain a concentrated solution.

[0069] The parameters of the spray dryer in this embodiment are: the spray pressure is 0.35 MPa, the spray speed is 6 mL / min; the drying temperature and time in this embodiment are 45° C. and 1.5 h, respectively.

[0070] The amount of the composite preparation of this example added to the hybrid snakehead feed is 2% of the total mass of the feed.

[0071] Comparative Example 1

[0072] On the basis of Example 3, the sweet potato leaves in the fermentation liquid raw material were removed and replaced with an equal weight of moisturizing grass. Other conditions were consistent with Example 3.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] On the basis of Example 3, the grass of Zengrun in the fermentation liquid raw material was removed and replaced with an equal weight of Radix Isatidis. Other conditions were consistent with Example 3.

[0075] Comparative Example 3

[0076] On the basis of Example 3, the Radix Isatidis in the fermentation liquid raw material was removed and replaced with an equal weight of Radix Astragali, and the other conditions were consistent with Example 3.

[0077] Comparative Example 4

[0078] On the basis of Example 3, the astragalus in the fermentation liquid raw material was removed and replaced with an equal weight of sweet potato leaves, and the other conditions were consistent with Example 3.

[0079] Comparative Example 5

[0080] On the basis of Example 3, the yeast in the composite probiotics was removed and replaced with an equal weight of Bacillus, and other conditions were the same as in Example 3.

[0081] Comparative Example 6

[0082] On the basis of Example 3, the Bacillus in the composite probiotics was removed and replaced with an equal weight of Bifidobacterium, and other conditions were consistent with Example 3.

[0083] Comparative Example 7

[0084] On the basis of Example 3, the bifidobacterium in the composite probiotics was removed and replaced with an equal weight of yeast, and other conditions were consistent with Example 3.

[0085] Comparative Example 8

[0086] On the basis of Example 3, the pectin solution in the outer layer liquid was removed, and other conditions were consistent with Example 3.

[0087] Comparative Example 9

[0088] On the basis of Example 3, the concentrated liquid in the outer layer liquid was removed, and other conditions were consistent with Example 3.

[0089] Comparative Example 10

[0090] On the basis of Example 3, the cinnamon bark used in the preparation of the concentrate was removed and replaced with an equal weight of hawthorn, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 3.

[0091] Comparative Example 11

[0092] On the basis of Example 3, the hawthorn in the preparation process of the concentrate was removed and replaced with an equal weight of cinnamon bark, and other conditions were consistent with Example 3.

[0093] The formula of the feed used in the experiment is: 45% fish meal, 25% soybean meal, 20% corn, 5% soybean lecithin, 2% composite preparation obtained in the above embodiments or comparative examples, 2% zeolite powder, 0.3% inorganic salt, and 0.7% monocalcium phosphate.

[0094] The asymptomatic hybrid snakehead fish purchased from the same batch were disinfected, acclimated for one week, stopped feeding for 24 hours, and randomly divided into 14 cubic pools with a side length of 1.5 m, numbered 1-14, and fed with feed prepared by the composite preparations in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-11, 30 fish in each pool, with a specification of 6±0.2 g / fish, one meal each in the morning and evening (9:00 and 17:00) every day, and the feed was fed quantitatively in each pool, and the feed feeding amount accounted for about 3% of the fish body weight. The feeding cycle was from mid-April to mid-June. After the test, the test fish were starved for 24 hours, and the weight gain rate (%), specific growth rate (% / d) and fatness (g / cm 3 ), and the results are recorded as the average in Table 1.

[0095] Among them, weight gain rate = (final weight - initial weight) / initial weight × 100%; specific growth rate = (ln final weight - ln initial weight) / d × 100%; fatness = final weight / body length 3 .

[0096] Table 1

[0097] Weight gain rate (%) Specific growth rate (% / d) <![CDATA[Condition factor (g / cm 3 )]]> Example 1 402.18 2.63 1.23 Example 2 405.72 2.64 1.24 Example 3 409.23 2.68 1.27 Comparative Example 1 386.65 2.38 1.14 Comparative Example 2 389.92 2.39 1.15 Comparative Example 3 372.49 2.29 1.11 Comparative Example 4 391.58 2.45 1.17 Comparative Example 5 370.71 2.30 1.13 Comparative Example 6 344.65 2.01 1.03 Comparative Example 7 358.79 2.09 1.06 Comparative Example 8 289.96 1.58 0.84 Comparative Example 9 342.75 1.97 1.00 Comparative Example 10 380.36 2.41 1.12 Comparative Example 11 389.54 2.44 1.16

[0098] As shown in Table 1, when the composite preparations prepared in Examples 1-3 of the present invention are used to feed hybrid Channa argus in the high temperature period, the hybrid Channa argus has good performance in weight gain rate, specific growth rate and fatness, and the hybrid Channa argus obtained by feeding has good nutrition and health. Comparative Examples 1-4 replace a certain component in the fermentation broth, and the obtained weight gain rate, specific growth rate and fatness are not as good as the embodiments in terms of numerical values, and the breeding effects presented in Comparative Examples 5-11 are also not as good as the embodiments, indicating that the effects of the components such as the fermentation broth and the composite probiotics of the present invention are based on the synergistic enhancement of different components in each component, and replacing or changing a certain component will cause the breeding effect to be affected; in addition, Comparative Example 8 removes the pectin solution, and the contents are exposed to the outside, and the contents are easily lost when feeding at high temperature, while Comparative Example 9 removes the concentrated solution, lacks the aroma of cinnamon to attract hybrid Channa argus and the promotion of hawthorn on the secretion of digestive juice, and the hybrid Channa argus's food intake and absorption are reduced, so the numerical value is reduced. This indicates that the composite preparation can effectively induce hybrid snakehead fish to feed, while improving the conversion rate of hybrid snakehead fish to feed, effectively promoting the growth and development of hybrid snakehead fish, and reducing diseases.

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any indirect modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding during high temperature period, characterized in that: The preparation method of the composite preparation comprises the following steps: The fermentation liquid and the composite probiotics are mixed and stirred for 1-3 hours. The resulting mixture is freeze-dried to obtain a dry product. The dry product is placed in a spray dryer, and an outer layer liquid having a mass ratio of 1.1-1.3:1 to the dry product is sprayed on the surface of the dry product, and dried to obtain a composite preparation.

2. The method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding during high temperature period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the fermentation liquid is: Prepare the raw materials in proportion, wash and chop them, sterilize them at 121°C for 15-25 minutes, put them into a fermentation tank, add deionized water, inoculate, add enzyme preparations, control the temperature at 30-37°C, the humidity at 60-70%, ferment for 6-8 days, stop fermentation when the pH reaches 4-5, centrifuge, and filter to obtain the fermentation liquid.

3. The method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding during high temperature period according to claim 2, characterized in that: The raw materials include 4-8 parts of sweet potato leaves, 3-6 parts of Zengrun grass, 4-7 parts of isatis root and 2-4 parts of astragalus by weight; the mass ratio of the raw materials to deionized water is 1:5-8; the ratio of the bacterial solution used for inoculation to the total weight of the raw materials is 1:8-12 ml / g, and the bacterial solution has a concentration of 1-1.2×10 7 CFU / ml lactic acid bacteria solution and the concentration is 1.5-1.7×10 6 The CFU / ml yeast solution is compounded according to a volume ratio of 1:0.6-0.8; the enzyme preparation uses cellulase and amylase, and the usage of the cellulase and amylase accounts for 0.08-0.12% of the total mass of the mixture of raw materials and deionized water.

4. The method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding during high temperature period according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotation speed and time of the centrifugation are 3000-5000 rpm and 10-20 min respectively; the filtration uses a 200-mesh filter cloth.

5. The method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding in high temperature period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the composite probiotics to the fermentation liquid is 0.12-0.14:1 g / ml. The composite probiotics are composed of yeast, bacillus and bifidobacterium in a mass ratio of 0.1-0.5:0.4-0.8:0.1-0.

3. The effective bacterial content of the yeast is 0.5-0.8×10 7 CFU / g, the effective bacterial content of the Bacillus is 0.9-1.1×10 7 CFU / g, the effective bacterial content of the bifidobacterium is 0.3-0.5×10 7 CFU / g.

6. The method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding during high temperature period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The freeze-drying parameters are: vacuum degree of 5-15 Pa, freezing temperature of -40°C to -50°C, and drying time of 24-48h.

7. The method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding in high temperature period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the outer layer liquid is: Pectin and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4-6, and heated at 60-70°C for 20-30 minutes to obtain a pectin solution. The pectin solution and the concentrated solution are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1.5-2, and stirred at a speed of 60-100 rpm for 30-40 minutes to obtain an outer layer liquid.

8. The method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding in high temperature period according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of the concentrated solution is: Wash and dry hawthorn and cinnamon, crush them through a 40-60 mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder, add deionized water, and the mass ratio of hawthorn, cinnamon and deionized water is 3.5-4.5:6-7:12.5-14.5, then cook at 60-80°C for 1-3h, pass through a 200-mesh filter cloth after cooling to obtain a filtrate, and concentrate at 45°C by rotary evaporation to 0.2-0.4 times the volume of the original filtrate to obtain a concentrated solution.

9. The method for preparing a composite preparation suitable for hybrid Channa argus breeding in high temperature period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameters of the spray dryer are: spray pressure of 0.2-0.5 MPa, spray speed of 5-7 mL / min; the drying temperature and time are 40-50° C. and 1-2 h, respectively.

10. A composite preparation suitable for breeding hybrid Channa argus in high temperature period prepared by the preparation method according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The compound preparation is added in the hybrid snakehead feed in an amount of 1-3% of the total mass of the feed.