Heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming, which comprises a worktable, the heating and cooling integrated device is mounted on the worktable and is electrically connected with an induction heating controller, a robot is arranged on one side of the worktable, and the robot is electrically connected with the induction heating controller. A laser device is installed on the robot, a cladding head is installed at the movable end of the robot, the robot is electrically connected with a main control cabinet, the main control cabinet is electrically connected with a pressure stabilizing box, and the main control cabinet is electrically connected with the robot and the laser device. The heat treatment auxiliary technology is introduced to help the cladding layer to solidify, and the temperature gradient is reduced to the maximum extent to refine the grain distribution of the cladding layer, so that the high-performance cladding layer can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming. Background Art

[0002] Heating and cooling assisted laser cladding forming technology is a heat treatment assisted processing technology that combines laser cladding forming with preheat treatment and rapid cooling. With the continuous development of the times, the manufacturing industry has higher and higher requirements for precision. Laser cladding is complex and special in controlling the forming of the cladding layer on the substrate, and is easily directly affected by various factors such as temperature, resulting in unstable formation of the cladding layer structure, and prone to defects such as holes, bubbles, and cracks. Heat treatment technology greatly reduces the temperature gradient between the workpiece and the heat-affected zone in the fields of casting and welding, which can play a role in uniforming the organizational composition and reducing residual stress when the liquid metal solidifies. There is no related technology in the prior art to add heat treatment to the process of laser cladding metal forming so that better repair results can be formed after the laser cladding is completed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated heating and cooling device for assisting laser cladding forming to solve the above-mentioned problems. By introducing heat treatment auxiliary technology to help the cladding layer solidify, and by minimizing the temperature gradient to refine the grain distribution of the cladding layer, a high-performance cladding layer can be obtained.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] A heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming comprises a workbench, on which is mounted a heating and cooling integrated device, which is electrically connected to an induction heating controller, a robot is arranged on one side of the workbench, a cladding head is mounted on the movable end of the robot, the robot is electrically connected to a main control cabinet, the main control cabinet is electrically connected to a voltage stabilizing box, and the main control cabinet is electrically connected to the robot and a laser.

[0006] Preferably, the integrated heating and cooling device includes a water-cooling plate installed on the top surface of the workbench, the water-cooling plate is connected to a water cooler through a pipeline, the water cooler is electrically connected to the main control cabinet, a height adjustment component is installed on the water-cooling plate, a rotating component is installed on the top of the height adjustment component, and a heating component is installed on the movable end of the rotating component.

[0007] Preferably, the height adjustment component comprises a vertical rod fixedly connected to the water cooling plate, a fixed joint capable of adjusting the height and angle is installed on the outer side of the vertical rod, and the rotating component is installed on the fixed joint.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating component comprises a rotating joint installed on the fixed joint, the rotating joint can adjust the angle in the horizontal direction, and the heating component is installed on the rotating joint.

[0009] Preferably, the heating component comprises an electromagnetic induction heating plate, the electromagnetic induction heating plate is mounted on the rotating joint, an electromagnetic induction coil is mounted on the top surface of the electromagnetic induction heating plate, and the electromagnetic induction coil is electrically connected to the main control cabinet.

[0010] Preferably, the cladding head comprises a laser and a powder feeder mounted on the movable end of the robot, and the laser and the powder feeder are electrically connected to the main control cabinet.

[0011] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0012] The heating function of the present invention manually adjusts the electromagnetic induction heating plate to a suitable height, then rotates it above the workpiece, and induction heats the workpiece through the induction heating controller. After preheating, the electromagnetic induction heating plate is rotated to a safe position, and a cladding test is performed. After the test, the water cooler is turned on to realize water circulation inside the water cooling plate, and the excess heat of the workpiece is taken away to achieve rapid cooling. Finally, the parts with more stable structure, performance and quality after surface treatment by laser cladding technology are produced and can be directly put into use. The complete working mode is to clamp the workpiece to be clad above the water cooling plate with a fixture, then adjust the fixed joint and the rotating joint, move the electromagnetic induction heating plate to a suitable height above the workpiece, turn on the induction heating controller, adjust the parameters, perform preheating treatment, wait for heating to the preheating temperature, turn off the induction heating controller, rotate the electromagnetic induction heating plate to a safe position, turn on the laser cladding equipment, and after completing the cladding work of the clad workpiece according to the system program, open the gate valve to cool the workpiece. Through collaborative work, the heating and cooling heat treatment auxiliary forming of the workpiece during the cladding process is completed.

[0013] The invention has scientific structural design, reasonable structure, simple manufacture, convenient use and stable operation, broadens the application scope of auxiliary forming technology, realizes ultrasonic assisted forming in the process of workpiece surface cladding, strengthens the structural quality of the workpiece surface cladding layer, and greatly improves the stability of the laser cladding process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated heating and cooling device for auxiliary laser cladding forming in an example of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the laser cladding system of the integrated heating and cooling device for auxiliary laser cladding forming according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a water cooling module assembly in an example of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the water cooling plate planing surface.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a lifting and rotating bracket assembly in an example of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the adapter structure.

[0021] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the lifting bracket structure.

[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the positioning joint structure.

[0023] Fig. 9 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the revolute joint structure.

[0024] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic induction heating structure in an example of the present invention.

[0025] Among them, 1. voltage stabilizing box; 2. main control cabinet; 3. laser; 4. powder feeder; 5. robot; 6. cladding head; 7. water chiller; 8. workbench; 9. heating and cooling integrated device; 10. workpiece; 11. induction heating controller; 12. high-pressure gas tank; 910. water-cooled plate; 920. vertical rod; 930. electromagnetic induction heating plate; 901. hexagonal bolt; 902. large nut; 903. slotted bolt; 904. small nut; 911. water-cooled plate; 912. quick connector; 911a. installation positioning hole; 911b. positioning card slot; 911c. U-shaped water channel; 921. adapter; 922. lifting bracket; 923. fixed joint; 924. rotating joint; 925. pin; 926. set screw; 927. hexagonal bolt; 921a. positioning installation hole; 921b. positioning card slot; 921c. semi-circular pipe support; 921d. installation thread hole; 921e. keyway; 922a. tubular main body; 922b. installation key; 922c. positioning installation hole; 923a. circular ring main body; 923b. Y-shaped joint; 923c. convex block; 923d. installation thread hole; 923e. installation positioning hole; 924a. rotating joint ring; 924b. fixed installation plate; 924c. installation positioning hole; 931. electromagnetic induction coil; 932. ceramic support plate; 932a. ceramic disc; 932b. C-shaped structure; 932c. support slope; 932d. installation positioning hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0028] Referring to Figure 1-10 As shown, this embodiment provides a heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming, including a workbench 8. A heating and cooling integrated device 9 is installed on the workbench 8. The heating and cooling integrated device 9 is electrically connected to an induction heating controller 11. A robot 5 is provided on one side of the workbench 8. A cladding head 6 is installed at the movable end of the robot 5. The robot 5 is electrically connected to a main control cabinet 2. The main control cabinet 2 is electrically connected to a voltage stabilizing box 1. The main control cabinet 2 is electrically connected to the robot 5 and a laser 3.

[0029] For a further optimized solution, the heating and cooling integrated device 9 includes a water-cooling plate 910 installed on the top surface of the workbench 8. The water-cooling plate 910 is connected to a water chiller 7 through a pipeline. The water chiller 7 is electrically connected to the main control cabinet 2. A height-adjusting component is installed on the water-cooling plate 910. A rotating component is installed on the top of the height-adjusting component. A heating component is installed at the movable end of the rotating component.

[0030] The water-cooling plate 910 is composed of a water-cooling plate 911 and a quick connector 912. A water pipe is used to connect the quick connector 912 to the water chiller 7 to realize the internal water circulation of the water-cooling plate. The inside of the water-cooling plate 911 is designed with a U-shaped groove to connect the water inlet and outlet, which is convenient for quickly removing excess heat. The positioning installation hole 921a of the adapter 921 in the vertical rod 920 is fixedly installed with the installation positioning hole 911a on the water-cooling plate 911 by using a hexagon bolt 901 and a large nut 902. The positioning slot 921b of the adapter 921 cooperates with the positioning slot 911b of the water-cooling plate 911 to prevent relative rotation between the adapter 921 and the water-cooling plate 911.

[0031] For a further optimized solution, the height-adjusting component includes a vertical rod 920 fixedly connected to the water-cooling plate 910. An adjustable-height and -angle fixed joint 923 is installed on the outer side of the vertical rod 920. The rotating component is installed on the fixed joint 923.

[0032] For a further optimized solution, the rotating component includes a rotating joint 924 installed on the fixed joint 923. The rotating joint 924 can adjust the angle in the horizontal direction. The heating component is installed on the rotating joint 924.

[0033] For a further optimized solution, the heating component includes an electromagnetic induction heating plate 930. The electromagnetic induction heating plate 930 is installed on the rotating joint 924. An electromagnetic induction coil 931 is installed on the top surface of the electromagnetic induction heating plate 930. The electromagnetic induction coil 931 is electrically connected to the main control cabinet 2.

[0034] The electromagnetic induction coil 931 on the electromagnetic induction heating plate 930 is connected to an induction heating controller 11, and the maximum temperature generated by the electromagnetic induction heating plate 930 is controlled through the induction heating controller 11. There are three positioning installation holes 932d in a row on the U-shaped structure 932b of the ceramic support plate 932 on the electromagnetic induction heating plate 930. The fixed installation plate 924b of the rotating joint 924 in the rotating and lifting bracket 920 is inserted into the U-shaped structure 932b, and the installation positioning hole 924c of the rotating joint 924 is cooperatively installed with the positioning installation hole 932d by using a slotted bolt 903 and a small nut 904. A support ramp 932c is designed at the connection of the U-shaped structure 932b of the ceramic support plate 932 on the electromagnetic induction heating plate 930 and the disc 932a, which plays a role in stabilizing, strengthening, and consolidating the support of the electromagnetic induction heating plate 930.

[0035] The vertical rod 920 is composed of an adapter 921, a lifting bracket 922, a fixed joint 923, a rotating joint 924, a latch 925, a set screw 926, and a hexagonal bolt 927. The keyway 921e on the adapter 921 cooperates with the mounting key 922c on the lifting bracket 922, the mounting threaded hole 921d on the adapter 921 is aligned with the positioning mounting hole on the lifting bracket 922, and the two are fixed by the hexagonal bolt 927; the semicircular tube bracket 921c on the adapter 921 clamps the tubular body of the lifting bracket 922, making its connection more stable. The circular ring body 923a of the fixed joint 923 is sleeved on the tubular body 922a of the lifting bracket 922, and the fixed joint 923 is firmly fixed on the lifting bracket 922 by means of a set screw 926; the upper and lower parts of the Y-shaped joint 923b of the fixed joint 923 have a continuous installation positioning hole 923e, and the rotating joint ring 924a of the rotating joint 924 is connected to the fixed joint 923 by means of a latch 925 to form a rotating pair. The fixed installation plate 924b of the rotating joint 924 has a row of three installation positioning holes for installation and matching with the electromagnetic induction heating plate 930.

[0036] Further optimizing the scheme, the cladding head 6 includes a laser 3 and a powder feeder 4 installed at the active end of the robot 5, and the laser 3 and the powder feeder 4 are electrically connected to the main control cabinet 2. The laser is connected to the cladding head 6 through an optical fiber; the powder feeder uses a high-pressure gas tank 12 to transport argon gas to the cladding head 6 through a protective gas pipe and a powder feeding gas pipe to complete the powder spraying from the cladding head; the water cooler delivers cooling water to the inside of the laser, the cladding head and the optical fiber port through a water pipe.

[0037] During processing, the device of this embodiment clamps the clad workpiece 10 on the surface of the water-cooling plate 910 with a fixture or adheres the workpiece to the surface of the water-cooling plate 910 with a thermally conductive adhesive, moves the electromagnetic induction heating plate 930 to the top of the clad workpiece, fixes the heating and cooling integrated device 9 to the center of the workbench 8 with a fixture, puts the powder of the cladding material into the laser cladding powder feeder 4, turns on the voltage stabilizer in the voltage stabilizer box 1, turns on the main control cabinet 2, powers on all devices, turns on the water cooler 7, turns on the powder feeder 4, the laser 3, and the induction heating controller 11 in sequence, turns on the auxiliary light source of the cladding head 6 to adjust the light-powder combination, and prepares for processing; fixes the workpiece 10 above the water-cooling plate 910, loosens the set screws 926, adjusts the fixed joint 923 to a suitable height, and then tightens the set screws 926 to fix the fixed joint 923; and then rotates the rotating joint 924 to move the electromagnetic induction heating plate 930 to the top of the workpiece 10.

[0038] Specifically, by controlling the induction heating controller 11, the induction heating signal function parameters are set, for example: power 1000W, time 5min; after the heating is completed, the electromagnetic induction heating plate 930 is turned off the heating function through the induction heating controller 11, and rotated to the back of the workpiece side. Then run the robot 5, carrying the laser cladding head 6, to perform cladding work on the workpiece 10; after the cladding is completed, operate the robot 5 to move the laser cladding head 6 to a safe position. Open the valve on the water pipe connected to the water cooling plate 910, and remove the excess heat during the heating process of the workpiece through the cold water circulation to achieve a rapid cooling effect. Wait for the temperature of the workpiece 10 to cool to room temperature, turn off the water cooler 7, and then close the valve to prevent distilled water from remaining in the water cooling plate, and the internal water will boil during the next heating process, scalding the water pipe.

[0039] Specifically, the use of an integrated heating and cooling device to heat treat the surface of the cladding layer is beneficial to improving the residual stress distribution of the cladding layer, and can obtain a cladding layer with refined grains, uniform residual stress distribution and low surface roughness, thereby improving the surface forming accuracy of the cladding layer. The surface of the cladding layer after heat treatment by the integrated heating and cooling device can better meet the requirements for surface quality and dimensional accuracy.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0041] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming, characterized in that: The invention comprises a workbench (8), on which a heating and cooling integrated device (9) is installed, and the heating and cooling integrated device (9) is electrically connected to an induction heating controller (11); a robot (5) is arranged on one side of the workbench (8), a cladding head (6) is installed at the movable end of the robot (5), the robot (5) is electrically connected to a main control cabinet (2), the main control cabinet (2) is electrically connected to a voltage stabilizing box (1), and the main control cabinet (2) is electrically connected to the robot (5) and a laser (3).

2. The heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The integrated heating and cooling device (9) comprises a water-cooling plate (910) installed on the top surface of the workbench (8); the water-cooling plate (910) is connected to a water-cooling machine (7) via a pipeline; the water-cooling machine (7) is electrically connected to the main control cabinet (2); a height-adjusting component is installed on the water-cooling plate (910); a rotating component is installed on the top of the height-adjusting component; and a heating component is installed on the movable end of the rotating component.

3. The heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The height adjustment component comprises a vertical rod (920) fixedly connected to the water cooling plate (910), a fixed joint (923) capable of adjusting the height and angle is installed on the outer side of the vertical rod (920), and the rotating component is installed on the fixed joint (923).

4. The heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The rotating component comprises a rotating joint (924) mounted on the fixed joint (923), the rotating joint (924) can adjust the angle in the horizontal direction, and the heating component is mounted on the rotating joint (924).

5. The heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The heating component comprises an electromagnetic induction heating plate (930), the electromagnetic induction heating plate (930) is mounted on the rotating joint (924), an electromagnetic induction coil (931) is mounted on the top surface of the electromagnetic induction heating plate (930), and the electromagnetic induction coil (931) is electrically connected to the main control cabinet (2).

6. The heating and cooling integrated device for assisting laser cladding forming according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cladding head (6) comprises a laser (3) and a powder feeder (4) mounted on the movable end of the robot (5); the laser (3) and the powder feeder (4) are electrically connected to the main control cabinet (2).

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