Self-adaptive pulp shooting machine for uneven inner wall of vertical shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pulp shooting machines, and discloses a self-adaptive pulp shooting machine for vertical shaft inner wall unevenness, and the self-adaptive pulp shooting machine for vertical shaft inner wall unevenness integrates advanced equipment which integrates efficient pulp shooting, self-adaptive adjustment and automatic control. The pipeline conveying mechanism is responsible for accurately conveying high-pressure slurry to the rotary material spraying mechanism, and the rotary material spraying mechanism uniformly sprays the slurry to the inner wall of a vertical shaft in a mist form through high-speed rotation. The position of the self-adaptive lifting structure can be automatically adjusted according to the unevenness of the inner wall of the vertical shaft, it is ensured that the slurry covers all details, and even slurry spraying can be achieved whether grooves or protrusions exist. In addition, the guniting machine is driven by a pneumatic motor, not only adapts to the complex underground environment, but also is high in response speed and can quickly adapt to the change of the inner wall of the vertical shaft. The overall design pays attention to efficiency, stability and durability, manual intervention is reduced through automatic operation, the construction quality and efficiency are improved, and meanwhile material waste and cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shotcrete machines, in particular to a shotcrete machine which is self-adaptive to the uneven inner wall of a shaft. Background Art

[0002] When the inner wall of the shaft is uneven, the existing shaft shotcreting equipment has poor shotcreting uniformity, low shotcreting efficiency, high cost of manual operation, and low durability. The specific reasons are as follows:

[0003] 1. The nozzle of the traditional shotcrete machine is usually designed for fixed angle or linear movement, and it is impossible to adjust the direction and force of the shotcrete according to the real-time changes of the inner wall of the shaft. The movement mode of the shotcrete machine may be a straight line or a simple curve movement, which cannot accurately adapt to the complex shape of the inner wall of the shaft.

[0004] 2. The unevenness of the inner wall of the shaft will cause the shotcrete machine to encounter resistance during movement, affecting the continuity and uniformity of the shotcrete. The shape changes of the inner wall of the shaft may be very complex, and traditional shotcrete machines are difficult to adapt to such dynamic changes.

[0005] The present invention therefore proposes an adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft to solve the problems in the above background. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Through the adaptive lifting mechanism, it can adapt to the adaptive lifting of the inner wall of the shaft; through the rotation speed of the pneumatic rotating mechanism, the slurry injection is controlled to achieve uniform shotcrete.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A self-adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft, comprising a pipeline conveying mechanism for conveying high-pressure slurry, the pipeline conveying mechanism comprising a first slurry pipe, a second slurry pipe and a ball switching valve for controlling the circulation of the slurry, the first slurry pipe and the second slurry pipe are fixedly connected, and the ball switching valve is installed between the first slurry pipe and the second slurry pipe; the pipeline conveying mechanism is connected to a rotary spraying mechanism for rotary spraying slurry, and the rotary spraying mechanism is externally connected to an self-adaptive lifting mechanism for moving inside a shaft with an uneven inner wall.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0010] The adaptive shotcrete machine for uneven inner walls of shafts of the present invention can effectively solve the difficulty of uniform shotcrete spraying encountered by traditional shotcrete machines in the construction of uneven inner walls of shafts. It realizes accurate, uniform and stable shotcrete spraying on the inner walls of shafts through adaptive lifting structure, rotary spraying mechanism and high-pressure slurry conveying system, greatly improves the shotcrete spraying efficiency, reduces slurry waste and reduces costs. At the same time, because its adaptive lifting structure can automatically adjust its position according to the unevenness of the inner wall of shaft, it ensures that the slurry covers every area evenly, thereby effectively reinforcing the inner wall of shaft, improving its structural strength and preventing formation collapse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall upper structure of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom structure of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall internal cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A local enlarged structural schematic diagram;

[0015] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the spherical conversion valve of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the pneumatic rotating part of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 8 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the pneumatic rotating part of the present invention is

[0019] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic driving member of the present invention;

[0020] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the elastic driving member of the present invention.

[0021] Wherein: 1. pipeline conveying mechanism; 101. first slurry pipe; 102. second slurry pipe; 103. ball switching valve; 104. valve housing; 105. valve core; 106. first pneumatic motor; 107. first flange; 2. rotary spraying mechanism; 201. main air pipe; 202. branch air pipe; 203. spraying assembly; 205. pneumatic rotating part; 2051. stator sleeve; 206. rotating sleeve shaft; 2053. pipe groove; 2054. bearing; 2061. sleeve rod; 2063. pneumatic groove; 2064. sliding ring seal; 2065. Pneumatic blades; 2066, air inlet; 207, external connecting seat; 2071, annular airway; 2072, air collecting channel; 2031, diverter pipe; 2032, third flange; 2033, nozzle; 3, adaptive lifting mechanism; 301, protective cover; 302, support rod; 303, elastic driving member; 3031, mounting seat; 3032, pneumatic telescopic rod; 3033, guide seat; 3034, elastic steel plate; 3035, roller; 307, driving source; 3071, annular seat; 3072, second pneumatic motor; 3073, anti-slip teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] See also Figure 1-10 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0025] An adaptive shotcrete machine for uneven inner walls of a shaft, comprising a pipeline conveying mechanism 1, a rotary spraying mechanism 2 and an adaptive lifting mechanism 3;

[0026] The pipeline conveying mechanism 1 is used to convey high-pressure slurry to the rotary spraying mechanism 2, and the high-pressure slurry is sprayed out through the rotary spraying mechanism 2. The pipeline conveying mechanism 1 and the rotary spraying mechanism 2 are driven to move up and down inside the shaft through the adaptive lifting mechanism 3, which is beneficial to uniformly spraying the inner wall of the shaft; at the same time, the adaptive lifting mechanism 3 can adapt well to the uneven inner wall of the shaft, and the pipeline conveying mechanism 1 and the rotary spraying mechanism 2 are driven to move up and down stably and uniformly through the adaptive lifting mechanism 3, and the rotary spraying mechanism 2 is used to rotate and spray slurry, which is beneficial to uniformly spraying the entire inner wall of the shaft and ensure the slurry coverage effect; the adaptive lifting mechanism 3 can ensure that the spraying machine can spray on every part of the inner wall of the shaft, whether it is a groove or a protrusion, and can ensure uniform coverage of the slurry, thereby improving the spraying efficiency.

[0027] The above-mentioned shotcrete machine sprays more evenly, which can reduce the waste of slurry and reduce costs; the uniform slurry coverage can better reinforce the inner wall of the shaft, improve its structural strength and prevent stratum collapse. For the cracks and holes on the inner wall of the shaft, the uniform shotcrete can effectively fill them and enhance the repair effect. The adaptive lifting mechanism 3 can automatically adjust its position according to the unevenness of the inner wall of the shaft without manual intervention, and is suitable for various complex terrains and shaft wall conditions. The entire shotcrete process can be carried out automatically, which reduces the labor intensity of the operators and improves work efficiency. In addition, due to the automation and uniformity of the shotcrete process, the construction quality is guaranteed, and the quality problems caused by inconsistent manual operations are reduced.

[0028] The pipeline conveying mechanism 1 includes a first slurry pipe 101, a second slurry pipe 102 and a ball switching valve 103. The first slurry pipe 101 and the second slurry pipe 102 are fixedly connected. The ball switching valve 103 is installed between the first slurry pipe 101 and the second slurry pipe 102. The ball switching valve 103 is used to control the connection and disconnection between the first slurry pipe 101 and the second slurry pipe 102, so as to control the circulation of the slurry.

[0029] The spherical conversion valve 103 includes a valve housing 104, a valve core 105, and a first pneumatic motor 106; the valve core 105 is rotatably connected to the interior of the valve housing 104, the valve core 105 is a spherical body with a cylindrical channel opened inside, and the radial line passes through the interior of the valve core 105, the valve housing 104 is a spherical shell connected at both ends, and the axis of the cylindrical channel is on the same plane as the axis of the valve housing 104.

[0030] The two ends of the valve housing 104 are respectively a feed inlet and a discharge port, and the ends of the feed inlet and the discharge port are respectively fixedly connected with a first flange 107, which facilitates connection with an external pipeline through the first flange 107;

[0031] The first pneumatic motor 106 is fixedly connected to the outside of the valve housing 104, and the rotating shaft of the first pneumatic motor 106 is fixedly connected to the valve core 105. The first pneumatic motor 106 provides power for the spherical switching valve 103, driving the valve core 105 to rotate to control the flow direction of the slurry. It usually adopts a high-power and high-efficiency design and has the ability to operate stably for a long time; in order to avoid failures caused by high temperature, the housing of the first pneumatic motor 106 is equipped with a heat dissipation device. In order to adapt to the construction environment such as high humidity and dust, the first pneumatic motor 106 adopts a closed mechanism to prevent slurry or other impurities from entering the motor.

[0032] When the slurry is transported, the raw materials of the slurry are firstly mixed uniformly in a storage tank according to a certain proportion, and the high pressure generated by the high-pressure pump pressurizes the inside of the storage tank to form high-pressure slurry. The high-pressure slurry is transported to the nozzle 2033 through the pipeline transport mechanism 1, and the rotating spraying mechanism 2 makes the slurry spray out from the nozzle 2033 at a high speed to form a mist, which evenly covers the inner wall of the shaft.

[0033] During this process, the main function of the ball switching valve 103 is to regulate the flow of the slurry and switch between the following two states: when the valve is opened, the slurry is transported from the storage tank to the spraying nozzle; when the valve is closed, the slurry stops flowing and the spraying operation stops.

[0034] During industrial design, the ball switching valve 103 has a spherical structure inside and a smooth flow channel, which can reduce the flow resistance of the slurry and improve the conveying efficiency. The material is a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant high-strength alloy. The ball switching valve 103 is driven by the first pneumatic motor 106, and the rotation of the ball valve core 105 determines whether the slurry passes through.

[0035] The advantage of using pneumatic motors is that they do not rely on electricity. Therefore, pneumatic motors are safer and more reliable in complex underground environments, such as humid, dusty or explosive environments.

[0036] Moreover, the pneumatic motor has a fast response speed in starting and stopping, and can quickly adapt to the unevenness of the inner wall of the shaft and adjust the action of the shotcrete machine in time.

[0037] The feed inlet of the valve housing 104 is fixedly connected to the first slurry pipe 101 through the first flange 107 , and the discharge port thereof is fixedly connected to the second slurry pipe 102 through the first flange 107 .

[0038] Furthermore, the first slurry pipe 101 is a hose, and one end of the first slurry pipe 101 away from the ball conversion valve 103 is fixedly connected to the discharge port of the storage tank. The first slurry pipe 101 is a hose, which facilitates the long-distance connection between the storage tank and the ball conversion valve 103, and helps the shotcrete machine adapt to the uneven inner wall of the shaft, and facilitates the lifting and moving of the shaft.

[0039] The rotary spraying mechanism 2 includes a main air line pipe 201, a branch air line pipe 202, a spraying assembly 203 and a pneumatic rotating part 205. The main air line pipe 201 is fixedly connected to the air inlet end of the pneumatic rotating part 205, and high-pressure gas is transported to the inside of the pneumatic rotating part 205. The pneumatic rotating part 205 is driven to rotate by a pneumatic method. The high-pressure gas entering the inside of the pneumatic rotating part 205 is output through the branch air line pipe 202, so that the high-pressure gas can be continuously passed into the pneumatic rotating part 205 to provide power for the pneumatic rotating part 205.

[0040] The spraying assembly 203 is arranged below the pneumatic rotating member 205, and the pneumatic rotating member 205 drives the spraying assembly 203 to rotate and perform rotary spraying; the rotary spraying can ensure that the slurry is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the shaft, and a good spraying effect can be achieved regardless of whether the shaft wall is flat, and the efficiency of spraying can be greatly improved by the rotary spraying; the centrifugal force of the rotary motion enables the slurry to cover the inner wall of the shaft more quickly and evenly, reducing the need for repeated spraying, and the rotary spraying mechanism 2 can adapt to the unevenness of the inner wall of the shaft, and through the rotary motion, the spraying can cover areas that are difficult to spray directly, such as grooves and protrusions inside the shaft. Since the spraying is more uniform, the waste of slurry can be reduced and the material cost can be reduced. The design of the rotary spraying mechanism 2 makes the wear distribution between the spraying assembly 203 and the pneumatic rotating member 205 more uniform, thereby extending the service life of the equipment; since the spraying is uniform, the surface quality of the inner wall of the shaft after spraying is higher and can better withstand the geological pressure underground.

[0041] Specifically, the pneumatic rotating member 205 includes a stator sleeve 2051 and a rotating sleeve shaft 206. A rotating cavity is arranged inside the stator sleeve 2051. The rotating cavity runs through one end of the stator sleeve 2051. A pipe groove 2053 matching the outer diameter of the second slurry pipe 102 is opened at the other end of the stator sleeve 2051. The second slurry pipe 102 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pipe groove 2053 and extends to the inside of the rotating cavity.

[0042] The stator sleeve 2051 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating sleeve shaft 206, and a bearing 2054 is installed between the inner wall of the stator sleeve 2051 and the outer wall of the rotating sleeve shaft 206. The bearing 2054 ensures that the stator sleeve 2051 and the rotating sleeve shaft 206 are stably connected and can rotate smoothly.

[0043] Furthermore, the rotating sleeve shaft 206 includes a sleeve rod 2061 and an external connecting seat 207. The sleeve rod 2061 is completely sleeved inside the stator sleeve 2051. The end of the sleeve rod 2061 away from the tube groove 2053 is fixedly connected to the external connecting seat 207. The external connecting seat 207 is rotatably connected to the end of the stator sleeve 2051 away from the tube groove 2053.

[0044] Furthermore, a pneumatic groove 2063 is provided on the sleeve rod 2061, and sliding ring seals 2064 are provided at both ends of the pneumatic groove 2063 of the sleeve rod 2061. The sliding ring seals 2064 are used to dynamically seal the gap between the sleeve rod 2061 and the stator sleeve 2051, and at the same time, to seal the pneumatic groove 2063; the pneumatic groove 2063 is an annular groove coaxial with the sleeve rod 2061, and a plurality of pneumatic blades 2065 are arranged in an array in the inner circumference of the annular groove; an air inlet hole 2066 is provided at a position of the stator sleeve 2051 near the pneumatic groove 2063, and the axis of the air inlet hole 2066 is tangent to the outer circumference of the pneumatic groove 2063. One end away from the pneumatic groove 2063 is fixedly connected to the main gas line pipe 201, the main gas line pipe 201 is a hose, and the other end of the main gas line pipe 201 is connected to the gas compressor. The gas compressor delivers high-pressure gas to the inside of the air inlet 2066 through the main gas line pipe 201. The high-pressure gas enters tangentially along the pneumatic groove 2063 through the air hole, thereby blowing the pneumatic blades 2065 to rotate. The circumferential array arrangement of the pneumatic blades 2065 ensures the continuous stability of the pneumatic drive. The pneumatic blades 2065 drive the sleeve rod 2061 to rotate, and the sleeve rod 2061 drives the external connecting seat 207 to rotate, thereby realizing the pneumatic rotation drive of the pneumatic rotating member 205;

[0045] Furthermore, an annular air duct is opened inside the external connecting seat 207, and an air collecting channel is opened inside the sleeve rod 2061. The air collecting channel connects the annular air duct with the inside of the pneumatic groove 2063. The high-pressure gas enters the pneumatic groove 2063 and drives the pneumatic blades 2065, and then enters the annular air duct through the air collecting channel. The annular air duct is fixedly connected with branch air pipes 202 at both ends along the meridian direction of the external connecting seat 207. The branch air pipes 202 transport the high-pressure gas entering the annular air duct to the nozzle 2033, and the high-pressure gas helps the slurry to be sprayed out from the nozzle 2033 at high pressure.

[0046] Furthermore, the number of gas collecting channels is the same as the number of pneumatic blades 2065. The pneumatic blades 2065 are tilted. The pneumatic blades 2065 are arc-shaped blades, and the arc-shaped inner surfaces of the arc-shaped blades are tilted toward the gas collecting channels. The gas collecting channels are close to the ends of the arc-shaped blades, which helps the arc-shaped blades to guide the high-pressure gas entering the pneumatic groove 2063 to the gas collecting channels, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the gas path and reducing the pressurization energy consumption of the gas compressor.

[0047] Specifically, the spray assembly 203 includes a shunt pipe 2031, which is a three-way pipe including a feed port and two discharge ports. The feed port of the shunt pipe 2031 has the same caliber as the second slurry pipe 102.

[0048] The outlet of the diverter pipe 2031 is installed with a third flange 2032, and the outlet of the diverter pipe 2031 is fixedly connected with the nozzle 2033 through the third flange 2032. There are two nozzles 2033 and they are symmetrically arranged, which is beneficial to the rotation stability of the spraying assembly 203 and improves the efficiency and uniformity of the spraying.

[0049] The feed port of the diverter pipe 2031 is fixedly connected to the inside of one end of the rotating sleeve shaft 206 close to the external connecting seat 207, and the second slurry pipe 102 extends to the inside of the rotating sleeve shaft 206 and fits with the feed port of the diverter pipe 2031. The second slurry pipe 102 and the rotating sleeve shaft 206 are rotationally connected, and a sliding ring seal 2064 is provided between the second slurry pipe 102 and the rotating sleeve shaft 206 to prevent the slurry from leaking from the gap between the second slurry pipe 102 and the rotating sleeve shaft 206.

[0050] The second slurry pipe 102 and the branch pipe 2031 are connected by using the internal cylindrical channel of the rotating sleeve shaft 206. The slurry enters the branch pipe 2031 from the second slurry pipe 102 and is guided from the branch pipe 2031 to the nozzle 2033. The branch gas line pipe 202 is connected to the inside of the nozzle 2033. The high-pressure slurry is further pressurized by the high-pressure gas and is ejected from the nozzle 2033 at high pressure, thereby ensuring the stability of the spraying and avoiding blockage.

[0051] By fixing the shunt pipe 2031 and the rotating sleeve shaft 206, the rotating sleeve shaft 206 drives the shunt pipe 2031 and the two nozzles 2033 connected to the shunt pipe 2031 to rotate, and the two branch air pipes 202 rotate with the external connecting seat 207 and the nozzle 2033, ensuring the smooth flow of the air path while avoiding motion interference and pipe entanglement problems.

[0052] By controlling the distribution of high-pressure gas through the branch gas line pipe 202, the angle and speed of the spraying can be accurately controlled, thereby achieving accurate control of the spraying process.

[0053] The adaptive lifting mechanism 3 includes a protective cover 301, a support rod 302 and an elastic driving member 303. There are multiple support rods 302 and they are distributed in a circular array outside the stator sleeve 2051. One end of the support rod 302 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stator sleeve 2051, and the other end is fixedly connected to the protective cover 301. The protective cover 301 has a mesh mechanism to reduce its mass. There are several groups of elastic driving members 303 and they are evenly distributed outside the protective cover 301. The protective cover 301 is synchronously driven to move up and down along the shaft by several elastic driving members 303. The protective cover 301 drives the pipeline conveying mechanism 1 and the rotary spraying mechanism 2 to move through the support rod 302, and performs rotary spraying on the inner wall of the shaft. The protective cover 301 protects the mechanism inside it, reduces collisions, and increases service life.

[0054] The elastic driving member 303 includes a mounting seat 3031, a pneumatic telescopic rod 3032, a guide seat 3033, an elastic steel plate 3034, anti-slip teeth 3073 of a roller 3035, and a driving source 307. The mounting seat 3031 is fixedly connected to the protective cover 301 by bolts, the pneumatic telescopic rod 3032 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 3031, the pneumatic telescopic rod 3032 is arranged inside the protective cover 301, and its telescopic end penetrates to the outside of the protective cover 301, the telescopic end of the pneumatic telescopic rod 3032 is fixedly connected to the guide seat 3033, the guide seat 3033 is fixedly connected to one end of the elastic steel plate 3034, the other end of the elastic steel plate 3034 is rotatably connected to the roller 3035, and the driving source 307 is used to drive the roller 3035 to rotate. The elastic steel plate 3034 is an arc-shaped plate, and one end of the elastic steel plate 3034 on which the roller 3035 is mounted is away from the protective cover 301.

[0055] The driving source 307 includes an annular seat 3071 and a second pneumatic motor 3072. The annular seat 3071 is fixedly connected to one end of the elastic steel plate 3034 on which the roller 3035 is mounted. The second pneumatic motor 3072 is fixedly connected to the annular seat 3071. The second pneumatic motor 3072 drives the roller 3035 to rotate. Anti-slip teeth 3073 are provided on the wheel surface of the roller 3035, so that when it fits against the inner wall of the shaft, it maintains a good grip to ensure the stability of the drive.

[0056] A plurality of elastic driving parts 303 evenly distributed on the outside of the protective cover 301 form multiple driving points, which not only provide stronger power but also form multi-point support. The external support points of the protective cover 301 are evenly and balancedly distributed, preventing the protective cover 301 and its internal mechanism from shaking inside the machine, thereby ensuring the stability of the equipment operation and facilitating the uniform and stable slurry injection.

[0057] The driving wheels of the plurality of elastic driving members 303 are in contact with the inner wall of the shaft, and the driving wheels maintain a good grip on the inner wall of the shaft through the anti-skid teeth 3073, thereby preventing the equipment from sliding during movement and improving the stability of the shotcrete machine during movement.

[0058] The guide seat 3033 is pushed to slide in a direction perpendicular to the shaft wall by the pneumatic telescopic rod 3032, and the position of the elastic steel plate 3034 is adjusted so that the elastic steel plate 3034 pushes the roller 3035 to be in close contact with the inner wall of the shaft, thereby ensuring the friction between the roller 3035 and the inner wall of the shaft. The mechanism can adjust the position of the roller 3035 so that it can be used for internal operations in shafts of different diameters, thereby improving the applicability of the equipment, and the adjustment is simple and fast. By connecting multiple pneumatic telescopic rods 3032 to the main cylinder through pipelines, unified synchronous control can be performed, or a switch valve can be separately set on the pipeline between the main cylinder and the pneumatic telescopic rod 3032 for independent control.

[0059] The uniqueness of this solution lies in that the roller 3035 is elastically connected to the guide seat 3033 through an elastic steel plate 3034. The elastic steel plate 3034 has elasticity and a certain rigidity, which can stably connect the roller 3035. When the inner wall of the shaft encounters uneven areas, the roller 3035 transfers the stress change to the elastic steel plate 3034. The steel plate deforms and expands, so that the roller 3035 always keeps in contact with the uneven inner wall of the shaft. On the other hand, the outside of the protective cover 301 forms multiple support points through a number of evenly distributed elastic drive members 303, and will not shake or slide due to the change of one fulcrum, thereby greatly improving the movement stability of the shotcrete machine.

[0060] The pneumatic motor is connected to an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe, and the internal connection thereof is a prior art known in the art.

[0061] The working principle of the adaptive shotcrete machine for uneven inner wall of the shaft is as follows: the slurry is mixed in proportion in the storage tank, and high-pressure slurry is generated by a high-pressure pump. The ball switching valve 103 is controlled by the first pneumatic motor 106 to open or close the circulation of the slurry to realize the transportation of the slurry; the pneumatic rotating part 205 receives high-pressure gas through the main gas line pipe 201, drives the rotating sleeve shaft 206 to rotate, and then drives the spraying component 203 to rotate. The spraying component 203 guides the slurry through the shunt pipe 2031 to the symmetrically arranged nozzles 2033, forming a mist spray that evenly covers the inner wall of the shaft; the adaptive lift The structure 3 drives the protective cover 301 and its internal mechanism to move up and down along the shaft through the elastic driving parts 303 evenly distributed outside the protective cover 301. The elastic driving parts 303 are composed of a mounting seat 3031, a pneumatic telescopic rod 3032, a guide seat 3033, an elastic steel plate 3034, anti-skid teeth 3073 of a roller 3035 and a driving source 307. The telescopic action of the pneumatic telescopic rod 3032 is transmitted to the roller 3035 through the guide seat 3033 and the elastic steel plate 3034, so that the roller 3035 keeps close contact with the inner wall of the shaft, and provides a stable grip through the anti-skid teeth 3073. The second pneumatic motor 3072 of the driving source 307 drives the roller 3035 to rotate to achieve lifting and lowering movement. This mechanism not only ensures the uniform stability of the shotcrete, but also has strong power and forms multi-point support, which improves the stability of the equipment movement and prevents shaking in the shaft. Through the elastic connection of the elastic steel plate 3034, the roller 3035 can automatically adjust its position at the unevenness of the inner wall of the shaft and always keep in contact, thereby improving the adaptability and durability of the equipment. The mechanism design allows the position of the roller 3035 to be quickly adjusted, which is suitable for shafts of different diameters and expands the scope of application of the equipment. By uniformly or independently controlling the pneumatic telescopic rod 3032, precise control of the equipment is achieved, and the operation is simple. The overall design reduces the sliding of the equipment during movement and improves the stability of the shotcrete process. The shotcrete machine moves on the inner wall of the shaft through the adaptive lifting mechanism 3, while the rotating spraying mechanism 2 continuously rotates to spray slurry, and the spherical conversion valve 103 controls the delivery of the slurry to ensure that the slurry evenly covers the inner wall of the shaft. Due to the automation and uniformity of the shotcrete process, the construction quality is guaranteed, and quality problems caused by inconsistent manual operations are reduced. The design of the shotcrete machine can adapt to the unevenness of the inner wall of the shaft, achieve uniform shotcrete, improve shotcrete efficiency, reduce slurry waste, and reduce costs. At the same time, the mechanism strength of the inner wall of the shaft is improved to prevent formation collapse.

[0062] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the specific embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit thereof, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adaptive shotcrete machine for uneven inner wall of a shaft, comprising a pipeline conveying mechanism (1) for conveying high-pressure slurry, the pipeline conveying mechanism (1) comprising a first slurry pipe (101), a second slurry pipe (102) and a ball switching valve (103) for controlling the circulation of slurry, the first slurry pipe (101) and the second slurry pipe (102) being fixedly connected, and the ball switching valve (103) being installed between the first slurry pipe (101) and the second slurry pipe (102); characterized in that: The pipeline conveying mechanism (1) is connected to a rotary spraying mechanism (2) for rotary spraying slurry, and the rotary spraying mechanism (2) is externally connected to an adaptive lifting mechanism (3) for moving inside a vertical shaft with an uneven inner wall.

2. The self-adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical conversion valve (103) comprises a valve housing (104), a valve core (105), and a first pneumatic motor (106); the valve core (105) is rotatably connected to the interior of the valve housing (104); the valve core (105) is a spherical body with a cylindrical channel opened inside, and the inside of the valve core (105) is penetrated along the radial line; the valve housing (104) is a spherical shell with two ends connected, and the axis of the cylindrical channel is on the same plane as the axis of the valve housing (104).

3. The self-adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the valve housing (104) are respectively a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and the ends of the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are respectively fixedly connected with a first flange (107), so that the first flange (107) can be conveniently connected to an external pipeline.

4. The self-adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first pneumatic motor (106) is fixedly connected to the outside of the valve housing (104), and the rotating shaft of the first pneumatic motor (106) is fixedly connected to the valve core (105); the feed inlet of the valve housing (104) is fixedly connected to the first slurry pipe (101) through the first flange (107), and its discharge port is fixedly connected to the second slurry pipe (102) through the first flange (107); the first slurry pipe (101) is a hose, and one end of the first slurry pipe (101) away from the spherical conversion valve (103) is fixedly connected to the discharge port of the storage tank.

5. The self-adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotary spraying mechanism (2) comprises a main air line pipe (201), a branch air line pipe (202), a spraying assembly (203) and a pneumatic rotating member (205); the main air line pipe (201) is fixedly connected to an air inlet end of the pneumatic rotating member (205); the main air line pipe (201) is used to transport high-pressure gas to the inside of the pneumatic rotating member (205); the spraying assembly (203) is arranged below the pneumatic rotating member (205), and the spraying assembly (203) is driven to rotate by the pneumatic rotating member (205).

6. The self-adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pneumatic rotating member (205) comprises a stator sleeve (2051) and a rotating sleeve shaft (206); a rotating chamber is arranged inside the stator sleeve (2051); the rotating chamber runs through the interior of one end of the stator sleeve (2051); a pipe groove (2053) matching the outer diameter of the second slurry pipe (102) is opened at the other end of the stator sleeve (2051); the second slurry pipe (102) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pipe groove (2053) and extends to the interior of the rotating chamber; The spray assembly (203) comprises a shunt pipe (2031), which is a three-way pipe and comprises a feed port and two discharge ports. The feed port of the shunt pipe (2031) has the same diameter as the second slurry pipe (102). The discharge port of the shunt pipe (2031) is provided with a third flange (2032). The discharge port of the shunt pipe (2031) is fixedly connected to the nozzle (2033) via the third flange (2032). The nozzle (2033) has two The feed port of the diverter pipe (2031) is fixedly connected to the inside of one end of the rotating sleeve shaft (206) close to the external connecting seat (207), and the second slurry pipe (102) extends into the inside of the rotating sleeve shaft (206) and fits with the feed port of the diverter pipe (2031), the second slurry pipe (102) is rotationally connected to the rotating sleeve shaft (206), and a sliding ring seal (2064) is arranged between the second slurry pipe (102) and the rotating sleeve shaft (206).

7. The self-adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating sleeve shaft (206) comprises a sleeve rod (2061) and an external connecting seat (207); the sleeve rod (2061) is completely sleeved inside the stator sleeve (2051); one end of the sleeve rod (2061) away from the tube groove (2053) is fixedly connected to the external connecting seat (207); the external connecting seat (207) is rotatably connected to one end of the stator sleeve (2051) away from the tube groove (2053); a pneumatic groove (2063) is provided on the sleeve rod (2061); sliding ring seals (2064) are provided at both ends of the sleeve rod (2061) located in the pneumatic groove (2063); the sliding ring seals (2064) are used to dynamically seal the gap between the sleeve rod (2061) and the stator sleeve (2051); The pneumatic groove (2063) is an annular groove coaxial with the sleeve rod (2061), and a plurality of pneumatic blades (2065) are arranged in an array on the inner circumference of the annular groove. An air inlet hole (2066) is provided at a position of the stator sleeve (2051) close to the pneumatic groove (2063), and the axis of the air inlet hole (2066) is tangent to the outer circumference of the pneumatic groove (2063). One end of the air inlet hole (2066) away from the pneumatic groove (2063) is fixedly connected to the main air path pipe (201); The outer connecting seat (207) has an annular air passage inside, the sleeve rod (2061) has an air collecting passage inside, the air collecting passage connects the annular air passage with the inside of the pneumatic groove (2063), and the two ends of the annular air passage along the meridian direction of the outer connecting seat (207) are fixedly connected with branch air path pipes (202); The number of the air collecting channels is the same as the number of the pneumatic blades (2065). The pneumatic blades (2065) are arranged at an angle. The pneumatic blades (2065) are arc-shaped blades, and the arc-shaped inner surfaces of the arc-shaped blades are inclined toward the air collecting channels. The air collecting channels are close to the ends of the arc-shaped blades.

8. The self-adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adaptive lifting mechanism (3) comprises a protective cover (301), a support rod (302) and an elastic driving member (303); there are a plurality of support rods (302) which are distributed in a circular array outside the stator sleeve (2051); one end of the support rod (302) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stator sleeve (2051), and the other end thereof is fixedly connected to the protective cover (301).

9. The self-adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic driving member (303) comprises a mounting seat (3031), a pneumatic telescopic rod (3032), a guide seat (3033), an elastic steel plate (3034), a roller (3035) and a driving source (307) for driving the roller (3035) to rotate. The mounting seat (3031) is fixedly connected to the protective cover (301) by bolts, the pneumatic telescopic rod (3032) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (3031), the pneumatic telescopic rod (3032) is arranged inside the protective cover (301), and its telescopic end passes through the outside of the protective cover (301), the telescopic end of the pneumatic telescopic rod (3032) is fixedly connected to the guide seat (3033), and the guide seat (3033) is fixedly connected to one end of the elastic steel plate (3034).

10. The self-adaptive shotcrete machine for the uneven inner wall of a shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that: The other end of the elastic steel plate (3034) is rotatably connected to the roller (3035); the elastic steel plate (3034) is an arc-shaped plate, and one end of the elastic steel plate (3034) on which the roller (3035) is mounted is away from the protective cover (301).

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