Self-sealing type sampling oil drilling equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil drilling and discloses self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment which comprises a rotary drilling rig, a drill bit is mounted at the lower end of a drill rod of the rotary drilling rig, a functional box and a sampling box are mounted on the outer side surface of the upper end of the drill bit in an embedded manner, and mounting holes are formed in the outer side surfaces of the functional box and the sampling box. The functional box and the sampling box are fixedly mounted through mounting holes and bolts, pressure sampling mechanisms are arranged on the surfaces of the functional box and the sampling box, and collection of samples at different depths is triggered by utilizing liquid pressure when liquid is drilled. According to the oil drilling equipment with the self-sealing type sampling function, collection of samples at different depths is automatically triggered by utilizing liquid pressure when liquid is drilled, a pressure triggering mechanism of triggering time is changed by changing spring rigidity, and the samples can be accurately obtained at different target depths; depth errors caused by manual operation or repeated start and stop of drilling equipment are effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, in particular to a self-sealing type sampling oil drilling device. Background Art

[0002] In the long history of oil exploration and exploitation, drilling and sampling work has always occupied a key position. As an important energy resource buried deep underground, the preliminary preparations for oil exploitation, especially the acquisition and analysis of oil samples, are of decisive significance for the formulation and implementation of the entire exploitation plan. Traditional oil drilling sampling methods face many challenges. During the drilling process, the underground environment is complex and changeable. The geological structure, rock characteristics and oil reservoir conditions at different depths vary greatly. Early sampling methods often require manual intervention, which is not only inefficient, but also difficult to ensure that samples are obtained at the correct depth. When drilling to the target depth, it is necessary to suspend the drilling operation for sampling operations. This not only increases the operation time, but also may damage the geological structure around the borehole due to the repeated start and stop of the drilling equipment, thus affecting the subsequent drilling and sample quality. In the sample collection process, the sealing of the sample is a core issue that needs to be solved urgently. Once the oil sample is exposed to the external environment, it is easy to be contaminated. Impurities and moisture in the air may react with the oil and change its chemical composition and physical properties. In addition, after the traditional sampling equipment collects the sample, in the process of lifting the sample from underground to the ground, due to the lack of an effective sealing mechanism, the sample may also leak or mix with other substances in the drill pipe, so that the final sample cannot accurately reflect its original state; With the continuous advancement of science and technology, drilling technology has developed significantly, and the drilling depth and efficiency have been greatly improved. However, the matching sampling technology that is efficient, accurate and can ensure sample quality is relatively lagging behind. In modern oil exploration, it is necessary to make full use of various physical phenomena in the drilling process to optimize the sampling process. For example, when drilling into oil-bearing layers, liquid pressure changes will occur. If this phenomenon can be effectively utilized, it will provide ideal conditions for automatic triggering of sampling. At the same time, new sampling equipment needs to have better sealing performance to ensure that the sample can remain in its original state from the moment of collection to before laboratory analysis, reduce errors, and improve the accuracy and reliability of exploration data. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment to solve the problems of the sampling method and poor sample sealing proposed in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment, comprising a rotary drilling rig, a drill bit is installed at the lower end of the drill rod of the rotary drilling rig, and a function box and a sampling box are embedded and installed on the outer surface of the upper end of the drill bit, the outer surfaces of the function box and the sampling box are provided with mounting holes, and the function box and the sampling box are fixedly installed through the mounting holes and bolts, and the surfaces of the function box and the sampling box are provided with pressure sampling mechanisms, which use the liquid pressure when drilling into the liquid to trigger the collection of samples at different depths; The pressure sampling mechanism includes: a pressure chamber, which is opened inside the function box, and a first piston plate is arranged inside the pressure chamber, a connector is fixedly installed on the upper end of the function box, and a closing cover is threadedly connected to the upper end of the function box, a locking rod is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the first piston plate, and a gear rod is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the first piston plate, a rotating driving gear is installed on the inner surface of the function box, and one end of the rotating shaft of the driving gear passes through the outer surface of the function box and is fixedly connected with a bevel gear, a pressure tube is opened inside the inner surface of the upper end of the function box, and a sliding piston rod is installed on the upper end of the pressure tube, and a sliding limit rod is installed on the lower end of the pressure tube, and a connecting tube is opened inside the side surface of the function box.

[0005] Preferably, the pressure chamber and the first piston plate are connected by sliding friction, a spring is connected between the pressure chamber and the first piston plate, and the first piston plate is of arc-shaped design.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the piston plate can slide down driven by the spring.

[0007] Preferably, the upper end of the locking rod is designed as a right-angled trapezoid, the limiting rod is designed as a C-shaped design with an L-shaped protrusion at the lower end, and the limiting rod is engaged with the locking rod through the L-shaped protrusion at the lower end, the limiting rod and the pressure tube are connected by sliding friction, the piston rod and the function box are connected by sliding friction, and a spring is connected between the piston rod and the function box.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting rod can limit the limiting rod through the locking rod.

[0009] Preferably, the gear rod is meshingly connected with the driving gear, and the driving gear and the bevel gear are concentrically arranged, the upper end of the connecting tube passes through the internal cavity of the functional box where the connector is located, and the lower end of the connecting tube passes through the inner surface of the pressure chamber.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the gear rod can drive the bevel gear to rotate by meshing with the driving gear.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure sampling mechanism also includes: a sampling barrel, which is rotatably arranged inside the sampling box, and a collecting chamber is opened inside the sampling barrel, and a sliding second piston plate is installed inside the collecting chamber, a liquid inlet hole is opened on the upper side surface of the sampling barrel, and a sliding closed magnetic plate is installed on the upper side surface of the sampling barrel, a yield hole is opened on the outer surface of the sampling box opposite to the liquid inlet hole, a one-way valve is fixedly installed on the upper end of the sampling barrel, a repelling magnet is fixedly installed on the upper surface of one end of the sampling box, a negative pressure chamber is opened at the lower end of the sampling box, and a rotating ball is installed on the upper end of the negative pressure chamber.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the sampling barrel can be rotated to automatically extract samples.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the sampling barrel fits with the inner surface of the sampling box, the collecting chamber and the second piston plate are connected by sliding friction, and a spring is connected between the collecting chamber and the second piston plate.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the second piston plate can slide under the pull of the spring to extract the liquid sample through negative pressure.

[0015] Preferably, tooth blocks are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the sampling barrel, and the sampling barrel is meshedly connected with the bevel gear through the tooth blocks.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the sampling barrel can be driven to rotate by the bevel gear.

[0017] Preferably, a spring is connected between the closed magnetic plate and the sampling box, and the outer surface of the closed magnetic plate is in contact with one end of the liquid inlet hole facing the outside of the sampling box.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the closed magnetic plate can close the liquid inlet hole.

[0019] Preferably, the closed magnetic plate has the same magnetic pole as the end facing the repelling magnet, and the repelling magnet is located directly above one end of the yield hole.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the repelling magnet can drive the closed magnetic plate to slide down.

[0021] Preferably, the balls are evenly distributed on the upper end of the negative pressure chamber, and the balls are in contact with the lower surface of the sampling barrel.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the sampling barrel can be stably rotated relative to the sampling barrel through the balls.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment: 1. By using the liquid pressure when drilling to automatically trigger the collection of samples at different depths, this automated sampling method does not require pausing the drilling operation for manual sampling like the traditional method, which greatly shortens the overall operation time and improves drilling efficiency. At the same time, by changing the spring stiffness to change the pressure trigger mechanism at the triggering time, samples can be accurately obtained at different target depths, effectively avoiding the depth error caused by manual operation or repeated start and stop of drilling equipment, ensuring that the samples taken can accurately reflect the oil characteristics at the corresponding depth, and providing more reliable data support for subsequent geological analysis and mining plan formulation; 2. Furthermore, the pressure sampling mechanism and sampling barrel in the equipment provide an excellent sealing effect for the sample. The closed magnetic plate stably seals the sampling barrel after the collection is completed, ensuring that the sample in the sampling barrel will not be contaminated after the sampling is completed until the sampling barrel is taken out of the sampling box, thereby achieving a good sealing effect and sealing stability.

[0024] 3. Furthermore, by pre-exerting negative pressure into the collection chamber and the pressure chamber, the drill bit can rotate the sampling barrel and quickly suck the external liquid when it is underground without the need for electric drive, thereby ensuring the stability of sample collection and preventing sample collection from being impossible due to power supply failure in harsh environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the drill bit, the functional box and the sampling box connected in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall side view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cross-section surface connecting the function box and the sampling box of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cross-section surface connecting the sampling box and the sampling barrel of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the connection section of the function box, the sampling box and the pressure chamber of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cross-section surface of the functional box, the first piston plate and the gear rod connection of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the connection section of the gear rod, the driving gear and the bevel gear of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cross-section surface connecting the locking rod and the limiting rod of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. rotary drilling rig; 2. drill bit; 3. function box; 4. sampling box; 5. pressure chamber; 6. first piston plate; 7. connector; 8. closing cover; 9. locking rod; 10. gear rod; 11. driving gear; 12. bevel gear; 13. pressure pipe; 14. piston rod; 15. limit rod; 16. connecting pipe; 17. sampling barrel; 18. collecting chamber; 19. second piston plate; 20. liquid inlet hole; 21. closed magnetic plate; 22. give way hole; 23. one-way valve; 24. repelling magnet; 25. ball; 26. negative pressure chamber; 27. mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] See also Figure 1-Figure 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment.

[0029] Embodiment 1: This embodiment discloses a rotary drilling rig 1, a drill bit 2 is installed at the lower end of the drill rod of the rotary drilling rig 1, and a function box 3 and a sampling box 4 are embedded and installed on the outer surface of the upper end of the drill bit 2. The outer surfaces of the function box 3 and the sampling box 4 are provided with mounting holes 27, and the function box 3 and the sampling box 4 are fixedly installed through the mounting holes 27 and bolts. The surfaces of the function box 3 and the sampling box 4 are provided with pressure sampling mechanisms, and the liquid pressure when drilling into the liquid is used to trigger the collection of samples at different depths; The pressure sampling mechanism comprises: a pressure chamber 5, the pressure chamber 5 is opened inside the function box 3, and a first piston plate 6 is arranged inside the pressure chamber 5, a connector 7 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the function box 3, and a closing cover 8 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the function box 3, a locking rod 9 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the first piston plate 6, and a gear rod 10 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the first piston plate 6, a rotating driving gear 11 is installed on the inner surface of the function box 3, and one end of the rotating shaft of the driving gear 11 passes through the outer surface of the function box 3 and is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 12, a pressure tube 13 is opened inside the inner surface of the upper end of the function box 3, and a sliding piston rod 14 is installed on the upper end of the pressure tube 13, and a sliding limit rod 15 is installed on the lower end of the pressure tube 13, and a connecting tube 16 is opened inside the side surface of the function box 3; The pressure chamber 5 and the first piston plate 6 are connected by sliding friction, and a spring is connected between the pressure chamber 5 and the first piston plate 6, and the first piston plate 6 is designed in an arc shape; The upper end of the locking rod 9 is a right-angled trapezoidal design, the limiting rod 15 is a C-shaped design with an L-shaped protrusion at the lower end, and the limiting rod 15 is engaged with the locking rod 9 through the L-shaped protrusion at the lower end, the limiting rod 15 and the pressure tube 13 are connected by sliding friction, the piston rod 14 and the function box 3 are connected by sliding friction, and a spring is connected between the piston rod 14 and the function box 3; The gear rod 10 is meshed with the driving gear 11, and the driving gear 11 is concentrically arranged with the bevel gear 12. The upper end of the connecting pipe 16 penetrates the inner cavity of the function box 3 where the connector 7 is located, and the lower end of the connecting pipe 16 penetrates the inner surface of the pressure chamber 5. When the rotary drilling rig 1 is drilling downwards through the drill bit 2, as the drill bit 2 drills into the liquid, the pressure of the liquid increases, and the piston rod 14 at the upper end of the function box 3 slides toward the inside of the function box 3 under the action of the liquid pressure, and the piston rod 14 pushes the limit rod 15 to slide through the pressure tube 13, and the limit rod 15 releases the restriction on the locking rod 9 so that the first piston plate 6 slides downward under the push of the spring between the pressure chamber 5, and the first piston plate 6 drives the bevel gear 12 to rotate through the meshing of the gear rod 10 and the driving gear 11, so as to achieve the purpose of driving the collection container to rotate and collect, and during the sliding process of the first piston plate 6, the connecting pipe 16 balances the pressure of the closed space below the closing cover 8 to ensure that the first piston plate 6 can slide normally, and the collection of samples at different depths is achieved by replacing and adjusting the spring stiffness between the piston rod 14 and the function box 3; When installing the function box 3, first fix the function box 3 and the sampling box 4 by inserting bolts into the mounting hole 27, and then insert the function box 3 and the sampling box 4 into the upper surface of the drill bit 2 for stable engagement. Since the outer diameter of the tooth block below the drill bit 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the upper end of the drill bit 2, the function box 3 and the sampling box 4 will not contact the inner wall of the hole. Then rotate the closing cover 8 to expose the connecting head 7, and connect the connecting head 7 with the suction device for suction to make the first piston plate 6 slide upward until the locking rod 9 squeezes the lower end of the limit rod 15 through the inclined surface of the upper right-angle trapezoid, so that the limit rod 15 slides to let the locking rod 9 pass, until the limit rod 15 slides and engages with the locking rod 9 under the pull of the spring between the pressure tube 13 to restore the limit position of the locking rod 9, and then screw the closing cover 8 into the function box 3 for sealing.

[0030] Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment discloses a pressure sampling mechanism further including: a sampling barrel 17, the sampling barrel 17 is rotatably arranged inside the sampling box 4, and a collecting chamber 18 is provided inside the sampling barrel 17, and a sliding second piston plate 19 is installed inside the collecting chamber 18, a liquid inlet hole 20 is provided on the upper side surface of the sampling barrel 17, and a sliding closed magnetic plate 21 is installed on the upper side surface of the sampling barrel 17, a clearance hole 22 is provided on the outer surface of the sampling box 4 facing the liquid inlet hole 20, a one-way valve 23 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the sampling barrel 17, a repelling magnet 24 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of one end of the sampling box 4, a negative pressure chamber 26 is provided at the lower end of the sampling box 4, and a rotating ball 25 is installed on the upper end of the negative pressure chamber 26; The outer surface of the sampling barrel 17 fits with the inner surface of the sampling box 4, the collecting chamber 18 and the second piston plate 19 are connected by sliding friction, and a spring is connected between the collecting chamber 18 and the second piston plate 19; The outer surface of the sampling barrel 17 is evenly provided with gear blocks, and the sampling barrel 17 is meshed and connected with the bevel gear 12 through the gear blocks; A spring is connected between the closed magnetic plate 21 and the sampling box 4, and the outer surface of the closed magnetic plate 21 is in contact with one end of the liquid inlet 20 facing the outside of the sampling box 4; The magnetic poles of the closed magnetic plate 21 and the end facing the repelling magnet 24 are the same, and the repelling magnet 24 is located just above one end of the clearance hole 22; The balls 25 are evenly distributed on the upper end of the negative pressure chamber 26, and the balls 25 fit the lower surface of the sampling barrel 17; When the bevel gear 12 rotates, the bevel gear 12 drives the sampling barrel 17 to rotate on the ball 25 by meshing with the sampling barrel 17. When the sampling barrel 17 drives the closed magnetic plate 21 to rotate to the bottom of the repelling magnet 24, the repelling magnet 24 repels the closed magnetic plate 21 through the same magnetic pole as the opposite end of the closed magnetic plate 21, so that the closed magnetic plate 21 slides downward to expose the liquid inlet 20. At this time, the second piston plate 19 slides down driven by the spring between the second piston plate 19 and the collection chamber 18 and sucks the external liquid through the liquid inlet 20 and the clearance hole 22. Then, when the closed magnetic plate 21 rotates away from the bottom of the repelling magnet 24, the closed magnetic plate 21 slides up supported by the spring between the second piston plate 19 and the sampling barrel 17 to restore the closure of the liquid inlet 20, so that subsequent liquid and external impurities will not enter the sampling barrel 17 to contaminate the sample. When installing the sampling barrel 17, first connect the exhaust pipe through the one-way valve 23 to evacuate the collection chamber 18 and the negative pressure chamber 26 in the sampling barrel 17, so that the second piston plate 19 slides upward under the action of pressure and stretches the spring between the collecting chamber 18, then remove the exhaust pipe and install the sampling barrel 17 from the side on the inside of the side surface of the sampling box 4 and make the closed magnetic plate 21 and the repelling magnet 24 misaligned to ensure that the closed magnetic plate 21 can keep the liquid inlet 20 closed, then fix the relative position of the function box 3 and the sampling box 4 by inserting bolts into the mounting hole 27.

[0031] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment, comprising a rotary drilling rig (1), a drill bit (2) being installed at the lower end of a drill rod of the rotary drilling rig (1), and a function box (3) and a sampling box (4) being embedded and installed on the outer surface of the upper end of the drill bit (2), the outer surfaces of the function box (3) and the sampling box (4) being provided with mounting holes (27), and the function box (3) and the sampling box (4) being fixed and installed through the mounting holes (27) and bolts, characterized in that: The surfaces of the functional box (3) and the sampling box (4) are provided with pressure sampling mechanisms, which utilize the liquid pressure when drilling into the liquid to trigger the collection of samples at different depths; The pressure sampling mechanism comprises: a pressure chamber (5), the pressure chamber (5) being opened inside the function box (3), and a first piston plate (6) being arranged inside the pressure chamber (5), a connector (7) being fixedly mounted on the upper end of the function box (3), and a closing cover (8) being threadedly connected to the upper end of the function box (3), a locking rod (9) being fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the first piston plate (6), and a gear rod (10) being fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the first piston plate (6), a rotating driving gear (11) being mounted on the inner surface of the function box (3), and one end of the rotating shaft of the driving gear (11) passing through the outer surface of the function box (3) and being fixedly connected to a bevel gear (12), a pressure tube (13) being opened inside the inner surface of the upper end of the function box (3), a sliding piston rod (14) being mounted on the upper end of the pressure tube (13), and a sliding limit rod (15) being mounted on the lower end of the pressure tube (13), and a connecting tube (16) being opened inside the side surface of the function box (3).

2. A self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure chamber (5) and the first piston plate (6) are connected by sliding friction, a spring is connected between the pressure chamber (5) and the first piston plate (6), and the first piston plate (6) is of arc-shaped design.

3. A self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the locking rod (9) is of right-angled trapezoidal design, the limiting rod (15) is of C-shaped design with an L-shaped protrusion at the lower end, and the limiting rod (15) is engaged and connected with the locking rod (9) via the L-shaped protrusion at the lower end, the limiting rod (15) is connected to the pressure tube (13) by sliding friction, the piston rod (14) is connected to the function box (3) by sliding friction, and a spring is connected between the piston rod (14) and the function box (3).

4. The self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear rod (10) is meshingly connected to the driving gear (11), and the driving gear (11) and the bevel gear (12) are concentrically arranged. The upper end of the connecting tube (16) penetrates the internal cavity of the function box (3) where the connector (7) is located, and the lower end of the connecting tube (16) penetrates the inner surface of the pressure chamber (5).

5. The self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sampling mechanism further comprises: a sampling barrel (17), the sampling barrel (17) being rotatably arranged inside the sampling box (4), and a collecting chamber (18) being provided inside the sampling barrel (17), and a sliding second piston plate (19) being installed inside the collecting chamber (18), a liquid inlet hole (20) being provided on the upper side surface of the sampling barrel (17), and a sliding closed magnetic plate (21) being installed on the upper side surface of the sampling barrel (17), a clearance hole (22) being provided on the outer side surface of the sampling box (4) directly facing the liquid inlet hole (20), a one-way valve (23) being fixedly installed on the upper end of the sampling barrel (17), a repelling magnet (24) being fixedly installed on the upper surface of one end of the sampling box (4), a negative pressure chamber (26) being provided at the lower end of the sampling box (4), and a rotatable ball (25) being installed on the upper end of the negative pressure chamber (26).

6. A self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the sampling barrel (17) fits the inner surface of the sampling box (4), the collecting chamber (18) and the second piston plate (19) are connected by sliding friction, and a spring is connected between the collecting chamber (18) and the second piston plate (19).

7. The self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the sampling barrel (17) is evenly provided with tooth blocks, and the sampling barrel (17) is meshedly connected with the bevel gear (12) via the tooth blocks.

8. The self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spring is connected between the closed magnetic plate (21) and the sampling box (4), and the outer surface of the closed magnetic plate (21) is in contact with an end of the liquid inlet hole (20) facing the outside of the sampling box (4).

9. The self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The closed magnetic plate (21) has the same magnetic pole as the end facing the repelling magnet (24), and the repelling magnet (24) is located directly above one end of the clearance hole (22).

10. The self-sealing sampling oil drilling equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The balls (25) are evenly distributed at the upper end of the negative pressure chamber (26), and the balls (25) are in contact with the lower surface of the sampling barrel (17).

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