Energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system which comprises a base, a furnace frame is fixedly mounted at the top of the base, a furnace cavity is formed in the furnace frame, a coal inlet and a bed material inlet are formed in the furnace cavity, a fluidized bed body is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the furnace cavity, and a coal outlet and a bed material outlet are formed in the bottom of the fluidized bed body. A high-pressure fan used for supplying air to the interior of the fluidized bed body is installed on the base, and a material carrying plate is fixedly connected to the top of the fluidized bed body. High-pressure airflow guided upwards through air supply holes is guided out horizontally towards the side face through horizontal air outlet holes in the air caps; air flow of the horizontal air outlet holes is blown to the conical faces on the inner sides of the conical grooves, upward flow guiding of the air flow is achieved, coal and bed materials are vertically brought up and blown upwards by the air flow, the air quantity of each conical groove is the same, the air quantity is evenly guided into the furnace cavity, blowing of the coal is more even, combustion is more sufficient and even, and the combustion efficiency is improved. The combustion efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluidized bed combustion furnaces, and more particularly to an energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system. Background Art

[0002] The circulating fluidized bed boiler is a high-efficiency, low-pollution clean combustion technology developed in the past decade. It has the advantages of low-temperature power-controlled combustion, high-speed, high-concentration, high-throughput solid material fluidization circulation process and high-intensity heat, mass and momentum transfer process, etc., and has been rapidly developed and used at home and abroad because of its many advantages such as energy saving and environmental protection.

[0003] In a circulating fluidized bed boiler, most of the particles leaving the furnace are captured by the gas-solid separation device and sent back into the furnace from the return port near the bottom of the furnace at a sufficiently high rate; the primary combustion air is sent into the furnace through the air distribution device, and the secondary air is sent in from the side wall at a certain height above the air distribution device; part of the heat generated by the fuel combustion is absorbed by the water-cooled or steam-cooled heating surface arranged in the furnace, and the rest is absorbed by the convection heating surface called the tail heating surface.

[0004] The special combination of wind speed, recirculation rate, particle characteristics, material quantity and system geometry can produce special fluid dynamic characteristics. The formation of this special fluid dynamic characteristic is crucial to the operation of the circulating fluidized bed. Under this fluid dynamic characteristic, the solid material is fluidized by the airflow with a velocity greater than the terminal velocity of the single particle material. At the same time, under this fluid dynamic characteristic, the solid material is not immediately entrained by the airflow as in the vertical pneumatic conveying system. On the contrary, the material moves up and down in the form of particle clusters, resulting in a high degree of back mixing. This elongated particle cluster moves upward, around, and downward; the particle clusters are constantly formed, disintegrated and re-formed, and a certain number of large particles whose terminal velocity is much greater than the average gas velocity of the cross section are also carried, and a large slip velocity is generated between the gas and solid phases.

[0005] In order to increase the combustion time of coal particles in the entire furnace body to ensure full combustion, a curved extended combustion chamber is generally provided longitudinally. However, some particles may still not be completely burned, so a return material structure is provided under the extended combustion chamber to re-input the incompletely burned particles into the furnace for combustion, so as to achieve cyclic and full combustion. However, the current fluidized bed combustion furnace generally only has a single recovery structure provided under the extended combustion chamber, which results in insufficient return material, and some particles will directly enter the dust filter structure with the flue gas, which not only causes energy waste, but also causes the dust filter structure to be blocked too quickly, increasing the maintenance and replacement frequency; In addition, the top loading area of ​​the fluidized bed is generally provided with multiple wind heads for uniform air supply to ensure that the coal and the mixed material are evenly blown up. However, the wind heads generally have side openings, while the surface of the loading area is generally flat. This causes the wind blown out by the wind heads to blow sideways first, and then pressurize and blow the coal and the mixed material upward in the entire combustion chamber. This structure easily causes the coal in some areas to be blown up and then circulate and fall in the chamber to the area with small air volume, resulting in uneven air volume distribution. The blowing effect of some coal is poor, and it is always tumbling in the lowered area and it is difficult to achieve the effect of full mixing, resulting in uneven combustion. At the same time, the slag discharge structure is directly opened at the bottom of the combustion chamber. Due to the uneven air volume distribution problem mentioned above, the waste slag after combustion will be mixed with the unburned coal and discharged together, resulting in waste of raw materials, low combustion efficiency and waste of energy. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system, which can achieve uniform introduction of air volume into the interior of the furnace cavity, make the blowing of coal more uniform, make the combustion more sufficient and uniform, improve the combustion efficiency, and solve the above-mentioned background technology problems.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system comprises a base, a furnace frame is fixedly installed on the top of the base, a furnace cavity is arranged inside the furnace frame, a coal inlet and a bed material inlet are arranged inside the furnace cavity, a fluidized bed is fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace cavity, a high-pressure blower for supplying air to the fluidized bed is installed on the base, a loading plate is fixedly connected to the top of the fluidized bed, a mesh ring is arranged around the loading plate, the outer side of the mesh ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace cavity, uniformly distributed air supply holes are provided on the loading plate, a wind hood connected and matched with the air supply holes is fixedly connected to the loading plate, an annularly sealed horizontal air outlet hole is provided on the outer side of the wind hood, uniformly distributed conical grooves are provided on the top of the loading plate, and the wind hood is located in the conical groove The interior of the grate is provided with a U-shaped channel connected with the top of the furnace chamber, a returner is installed on the grate, and the bottom of the returner is connected with the interior of the furnace chamber through a pipeline, a cyclone separator connected with the right end of the U-shaped channel is installed inside the grate, the bottom end of the cyclone separator is fixedly connected with a conduit, the other end of the conduit is connected and fixed to the returner, an economizer connected with the top of the cyclone separator is installed inside the grate, a dust removal mechanism is installed on the base, the input end of the dust removal mechanism is connected and fixed to the bottom end of the economizer through a pipeline, a desulfurization tower and an exhaust mechanism are installed on the base, the input end of the desulfurization tower is connected and coordinated with the output end of the dust removal mechanism through a pipeline, and the output end of the desulfurization tower is connected and coordinated with the exhaust mechanism through a pipeline.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: slag discharge cavities communicating with the bottom of the mesh ring are arranged around the fluidized bed, and a slag discharge pipe communicating with the slag discharge cavity is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fluidized bed.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: a plurality of ignition burners are installed inside the fluidized bed and in the furnace cavity, and the ignition burners inside the fluidized bed are located at the bottom of the carrier plate.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the output end of the high-pressure fan is fixedly connected to a U-shaped branch pipe, the other end of the U-shaped branch pipe is plugged into the interior of the returner, and one end of the U-shaped branch pipe located inside the returner extends horizontally to the pipe connecting the returner and the interior of the furnace chamber, and the diameter of one end of the U-shaped branch pipe located inside the returner is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe connecting the returner and the interior of the furnace chamber.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the dust removal mechanism includes a feed pipe, a bag dust collector and a discharge pipe, one end of the feed pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the economizer, the other end of the feed pipe is fixedly connected to the input end of the bag dust collector, and the output end of the bag dust collector is fixedly connected to the input end of the desulfurization tower through the discharge pipe.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the exhaust mechanism includes a draft fan and a chimney, the bottom of the draft fan is fixedly installed on the base, the input end of the draft fan is fixedly connected to the output end of the desulfurization tower through a pipe, the output end of the draft fan is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the chimney through a pipe, and the chimney is fixedly installed on the base.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: an annular tube is fixedly installed at the output end of the high-pressure fan, and the annular tube is fixedly installed on the furnace frame. The annular tube is concentrically arranged with the middle section of the furnace chamber, and three secondary air inlet heads are fixedly connected inside the annular tube, all of which are deflected counterclockwise.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: an inspection door is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed by bolts, the side view section of the bottom of the fluidized bed is inclined, and the bottom slope of the fluidized bed is inclined along the air inlet direction.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: the U-shaped channel includes a sinking channel and an ascending channel, the top of the sinking channel is connected to the top of the furnace chamber, the top of the ascending channel is connected to the top entrance section of the cyclone separator, and the bottom ends of the sinking channel and the ascending channel are connected to each other and are connected and fixed to the return material device at the bottom.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution: a conical head is provided at one end of the U-shaped branch pipe located inside the returner, an inner spiral air guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the conical head, and the conical head faces the direction of the furnace cavity.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: In this solution, the high-pressure airflow introduced upward through the air supply hole is discharged horizontally to the side through the horizontal air outlet holes on the wind hood. Since the wind hood is arranged inside the conical groove, the airflow from the horizontal air outlet holes blows onto the conical surface inside the conical groove, thereby guiding the airflow upward, so that the airflow vertically lifts the coal and bed material and blows them upward. The air volume of each conical groove is the same, so the air volume is uniformly introduced into the interior of the furnace cavity, so that the coal is blown more evenly, the combustion is more sufficient and uniform, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

[0018] This solution returns a portion of the unburned solid particles through the bottom return device of the U-shaped channel, while the combustion flue gas continues to flow into the inside of the cyclone separator, separates the solid particles in the flue gas again, and inputs the separated particles into the return device, circulates them to the inside of the furnace chamber for mixed combustion again, thus realizing that the device has a double return cycle, achieving a more thorough recovery cycle of the coal particles.

[0019] This solution achieves the goal of waste slag falling from all sides to the mesh ring by arranging a slag discharge chamber and a slag discharge pipe connected to the mesh ring on the fluidized bed. With the continuous churning of materials, the waste slag particles, coal and bed materials continuously collide and decompose into smaller particles for slag discharge, thus avoiding the waste caused by the mixing of coal and waste slag and their discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part A; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the furnace chamber of the present invention from top view; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carrier plate of the present invention from top view; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the fluidized bed of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the carrier plate of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a furnace frame of the present invention from a top view; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the hood of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the U-shaped branch pipe of the present invention.

[0021] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Base; 2. Furnace frame; 3. Furnace chamber; 4. Fluidized bed; 41. Slag discharge chamber; 42. Slag discharge pipe; 5. High-pressure fan; 51. U-shaped branch pipe; 511. Conical head; 512. Inner spiral air guide groove; 6. Loading plate; 7. Mesh ring; 8. Air supply hole; 9. Air cap; 10. Horizontal air outlet; 11. Conical groove; 12. U-shaped channel; 121. Downward channel; 122. Upward channel; 13. Return material device; 14. cyclone separator; 15. duct; 16. economizer; 17. dust removal mechanism; 171. feed pipe; 172. bag filter; 173. discharge pipe; 18. desulfurization tower; 19. exhaust mechanism; 191. induced draft fan; 192. chimney; 20. ignition burner; 21. coal inlet; 22. bed material inlet; 23. annular pipe; 24. secondary air inlet; 25. inspection door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figure 1-9 In the present invention, an energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system includes a base 1, a furnace frame 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 1, a furnace cavity 3 is arranged inside the furnace frame 2, a coal inlet 21 and a bed material inlet 22 are arranged inside the furnace cavity 3, a fluidized bed body 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace cavity 3, a high-pressure fan 5 for supplying air to the fluidized bed body 4 is installed on the base 1, a loading plate 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the fluidized bed body 4, a mesh ring 7 is arranged around the loading plate 6, the outer side of the mesh ring 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace cavity 3, uniformly distributed air supply holes 8 are opened on the loading plate 6, a wind cap 9 connected and matched with the air supply holes 8 is fixedly connected to the loading plate 6, an annularly sealed horizontal air outlet hole 10 is opened on the outer side of the wind cap 9, a uniformly distributed conical groove 11 is opened on the top of the loading plate 6, and the wind cap 9 is located inside the conical groove 11. A U-shaped channel 12 connected to the top of the furnace chamber 3 is provided inside the frame 2, a returner 13 is installed on the furnace frame 2, and the bottom of the returner 13 is connected to the inside of the furnace chamber 3 through a pipeline, a cyclone separator 14 connected to the right end of the U-shaped channel 12 is installed inside the furnace frame 2, a conduit 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cyclone separator 14, and the other end of the conduit 15 is connected and fixed to the returner 13, an economizer 16 connected to the top of the cyclone separator 14 is installed inside the furnace frame 2, a dust removal mechanism 17 is installed on the base 1, and the input end of the dust removal mechanism 17 is connected and fixed to the bottom end of the economizer 16 through a pipeline, a desulfurization tower 18 and an exhaust mechanism 19 are installed on the base 1, the input end of the desulfurization tower 18 is connected and coordinated with the output end of the dust removal mechanism 17 through a pipeline, and the output end of the desulfurization tower 18 is connected and coordinated with the exhaust mechanism 19 through a pipeline.

[0024] In the present invention, the base 1 is used as the installation support of the whole system. First, the bed material is inputted onto the carrier plate 6 by using the bed material inlet 22, and then ignited and burned inside the fluidized bed 4. At the same time, the high-pressure fan 5 is started to supply air to the inside of the fluidized bed 4 through the multi-channel joint. The high-pressure airflow blows the bed material through the air supply hole 8 on the carrier plate 6 through the wind cap 9 to make it boil, and then the coal is transported to the carrier plate 6 through the coal material inlet 21, and the high-pressure airflow blows and mixes with the boiling bed material to burn. The burning flue gas mixed with fine particles flows upward, and then flows into the inside of the U-shaped channel 12 to extend the combustion path, and passes through the coal material inlet 21. The return device 13 at the bottom of the U-shaped channel 12 returns a portion of the solid particles that are not fully burned, and the flue gas generated by the combustion continues to flow into the interior of the cyclone separator 14, and the solid particles in the flue gas are separated again. The separated particles are input into the return device 13, and circulated to the interior of the furnace chamber 3 for mixed combustion again. The separated high-temperature flue gas is heat exchanged through the economizer 16 to achieve heat energy recovery and energy saving and emission reduction. Then, the low-temperature flue gas passing through the economizer 16 is input into the dust removal mechanism 17 for dust removal, and then passes through the desulfurization tower 18 for desulfurization and purification, and finally is extracted by the exhaust mechanism 19 to achieve harmless emission.

[0025] And in the above process, the high-pressure airflow introduced upward by the air supply hole 8 is discharged horizontally to the side through the horizontal air outlet hole 10 on the wind cap 9. Since the wind cap 9 is arranged inside the conical groove 11, the airflow from the horizontal air outlet hole 10 blows onto the conical surface inside the conical groove 11, thereby guiding the airflow upward, so that the airflow vertically lifts the coal and bed material vertically and blows them upward. The air volume of each conical groove 11 is the same, so that the air volume is uniformly introduced into the interior of the furnace chamber 3, so that the blowing of the coal is more uniform, the combustion is more sufficient and uniform, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

[0026] And because of the mesh ring 7 arranged around the loading plate 6, the blowing area is more centered, the material is blown up and burned, and the burned waste slag falls from all sides to the mesh ring 7. With the continuous tumbling of the material, the waste slag particles, coal and bed materials constantly collide and decompose into finer particles, which fall from the mesh ring 7 to the inside of the slag discharge structure on the fluidized bed 4, thereby achieving a better separation effect for the waste slag and separating the falling waste slag from the internal coal, reducing the waste caused by the discharge of coal, thereby realizing that the device has a double return cycle, realizing a more thorough recovery cycle of the coal particles, and optimizing the loading structure to make the wind blowing more uniform, and the blowing effect on the coal more uniform, thereby improving the combustion uniformity and efficiency, and at the same time providing an independent waste slag discharge structure to avoid the waste caused by the mixing of waste slag and coal and the discharge, thereby improving the combustion utilization rate.

[0027] See also Figure 1, wherein: a slag discharge cavity 41 communicating with the bottom of the mesh ring 7 is arranged around the fluidized bed 4 , and a slag discharge pipe 42 communicating with the slag discharge cavity 41 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fluidized bed 4 .

[0028] In the present invention, the slag discharge chamber 41 is connected to the mesh ring 7, so that the waste slag passes through the mesh ring 7 and falls into the interior of the slag discharge chamber 41, and then is discharged through the slag discharge pipe 42, thereby realizing independent waste slag discharge and reducing the waste of coal.

[0029] See also Figure 1 , wherein: a plurality of ignition burners 20 are installed inside the fluidized bed 4 and the furnace chamber 3 , and the ignition burners 20 inside the fluidized bed 4 are located at the bottom of the carrier plate 6 .

[0030] In the present invention, ignition and auxiliary combustion are achieved by installing multiple ignition burners 20 inside the fluidized bed 4 and the furnace chamber 3, so that when the equipment is ignited, the coal can be ignited more quickly, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

[0031] See also Figure 1 , wherein: the output end of the high-pressure fan 5 is fixedly connected with a U-shaped branch pipe 51, the other end of the U-shaped branch pipe 51 is plugged into the interior of the returner 13, one end of the U-shaped branch pipe 51 located inside the returner 13 extends horizontally to the pipeline connecting the returner 13 with the interior of the furnace chamber 3, and the diameter of one end of the U-shaped branch pipe 51 located inside the returner 13 is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipeline connecting the returner 13 with the interior of the furnace chamber 3.

[0032] In the present invention, a high-pressure airflow is introduced through one end of a U-shaped branch pipe 51 inserted into the interior of the returner 13. At the same time, the diameter of one end of the U-shaped branch pipe 51 located inside the returner 13 is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe connecting the returner 13 with the interior of the furnace chamber 3, and the inner diameter of the U-shaped branch pipe 51 gradually decreases from the end close to the high-pressure fan 5 to the end close to the returner 13, so as to produce a high-speed and low-pressure area, thereby producing an adsorption effect on the recovered coal particles inside the returner 13, and at the same time reducing the temperature of the ejected airflow to cool the returned particles, so that their temperature is lower than that of the burning coal inside the furnace chamber 3, thereby improving the return flow efficiency of the returner 13, effectively avoiding blockage, and improving the operating stability of the equipment.

[0033] See also Figure 1 , wherein: the dust removal mechanism 17 includes a feed pipe 171, a bag-type dust collector 172 and a discharge pipe 173, one end of the feed pipe 171 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the economizer 16, the other end of the feed pipe 171 is fixedly connected to the input end of the bag-type dust collector 172, and the output end of the bag-type dust collector 172 is fixedly connected to the input end of the desulfurization tower 18 through the discharge pipe 173.

[0034] In the present invention, the flue gas cooled by the economizer 16 is introduced into the bag filter 172 through the feed pipe 171 for dust removal, and then the filtered flue gas is discharged through the discharge pipe 173 to enter the desulfurization tower 18 for desulfurization and purification, thereby completing the purification of the flue gas.

[0035] See also Figure 1 , wherein: the exhaust mechanism 19 includes a draft fan 191 and a chimney 192, the bottom of the draft fan 191 is fixedly installed on the base 1, the input end of the draft fan 191 is fixedly connected to the output end of the desulfurization tower 18 through a pipeline, the output end of the draft fan 191 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the chimney 192 through a pipeline, and the chimney 192 is fixedly installed on the base 1.

[0036] In the present invention, the exhaust fan 191 is started to extract the flue gas after desulfurization and purification in the desulfurization tower 18 and let it enter the chimney 192 for harmless discharge, which is more environmentally friendly.

[0037] See also Figure 3 , wherein: an annular tube 23 is fixedly installed at the output end of the high-pressure fan 5, the annular tube 23 is fixedly installed on the furnace frame 2, the annular tube 23 is concentrically arranged with the middle section of the furnace chamber 3, and three secondary air inlet heads 24 are fixedly connected inside the annular tube 23 and are all deflected counterclockwise.

[0038] In the present invention, the high-pressure airflow is introduced into the three secondary air inlet heads 24 through the output end of the high-pressure fan 5 connected to the annular tube 23 via a multi-channel joint, so that horizontal secondary air intake is realized in the middle section of the furnace chamber 3, thereby improving the combustion efficiency. At the same time, the three secondary air inlet heads 24 are all deflected counterclockwise, and the introduced high-pressure airflow forms a vortex flow to achieve an upward adsorption effect, thereby increasing the suspension time of the material and the contact efficiency with the air, thereby making the combustion of the coal more complete.

[0039] See also Figure 1 and Figure 5 , wherein: an inspection door 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed 4 by bolts, the side view section of the bottom of the fluidized bed 4 is inclined, and the bottom slope of the fluidized bed 4 is inclined along the air inlet direction.

[0040] In the present invention, the inspection door 25 is used to facilitate disassembly for manual entry and inspection, and at the same time, the inclined surface at the bottom of the fluidized bed 4 guides the airflow upward, guides the high-pressure airflow, and reduces the flow resistance.

[0041] See also Figure 1 , wherein: the U-shaped channel 12 includes a sinking channel 121 and an ascending channel 122, the top of the sinking channel 121 is connected to the top of the furnace chamber 3, the top of the ascending channel 122 is connected to the top entrance section of the cyclone separator 14, and the bottom ends of the sinking channel 121 and the ascending channel 122 are connected to each other and are connected and fixed to the return device 13 at the bottom.

[0042] In the present invention, the combustion path is extended by cooperating with the downcomer 121 and the upcomer 122 to improve the completeness of coal combustion, and a first return material area is set below the downcomer 121 and the upcomer 122 to realize the recovery and circulation of heavier coal particles, and then cooperate with the cyclone separator 14 to carry out secondary coal recovery circulation, so as to realize more thorough coal recovery, reduce waste, save energy and reduce emissions.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , wherein: a conical head 511 is provided at one end of the U-shaped branch pipe 51 located inside the returner 13 , an inner spiral air guide groove 512 is provided on the inner wall of the conical head 511 , and the conical head 511 faces the direction of the furnace chamber 3 .

[0044] In the present invention, the conical head 511 is used to make the high-speed airflow flow out of the U-shaped branch pipe 51 at a higher flow rate, and the low-pressure adsorption effect is better. In the process of the airflow passing through the U-shaped branch pipe 51 and flowing to the conical head 511, due to the reduction of the inner diameter of the conical head 511, when the gas passes through the pipe with a smaller diameter, its volume expands, and work is done externally without heat supplement. According to the first law of thermodynamics, the internal energy of the gas decreases, which is manifested as a drop in temperature. The low-temperature high-speed airflow can both adsorb and push the material inside the returner 13 and cool the returned particles, so that the temperature of the returned particles is lower than the temperature of the coal particles inside the furnace chamber 3, which can effectively avoid high-temperature damage caused by local excessive temperature, protect internal components such as the wind hood 9, and avoid external high-temperature materials returning to the burning furnace chamber 3. When the coal is concentrated in the area, excessively high temperature will destroy the relatively stable temperature field inside the furnace chamber 3 and cause uneven combustion, thereby improving the operating stability of the equipment. At the same time, it can also effectively improve the combustion efficiency of the equipment and reduce the emission of pollutants. In addition, an internal spiral air guide groove 512 is arranged inside the conical head 511, so that when the exhausted gas has a large number of recovered fuel particles and the pipeline is blocked, a certain rotational force is given to the blocked particles during the impact process of the material, thereby improving the mobility of the particles and having a better anti-blocking effect. When the material enters the furnace chamber 3, due to the spiral inertia, it enters in a spray-like distribution, thereby avoiding high-temperature return material from destroying the uniformity of the particle size distribution of the coal in the furnace, reducing the agglomeration of the material and causing sintering and adhesion to the furnace wall, thereby improving the flow efficiency and reducing the risk of blockage.

[0045] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and its improved conception within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A furnace frame (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1), a furnace chamber (3) is arranged inside the furnace frame (2), a coal inlet (21) and a bed material inlet (22) are arranged inside the furnace chamber (3), a fluidized bed (4) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the furnace chamber (3), a high-pressure fan (5) for supplying air to the inside of the fluidized bed (4) is mounted on the base (1), a loading plate (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the fluidized bed (4), and a mesh cover ring (22) is arranged around the loading plate (6) 7), the outer side of the mesh ring (7) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace chamber (3), the carrier plate (6) is provided with evenly distributed air supply holes (8), the carrier plate (6) is fixedly connected with a wind cap (9) which is in communication with the air supply holes (8), the outer side of the wind cap (9) is provided with an annularly sealed horizontal air outlet hole (10), the top of the carrier plate (6) is provided with evenly distributed conical grooves (11), the wind cap (9) is located inside the conical grooves (11), and the furnace frame (2) is provided inside A U-shaped channel (12) is provided which is connected to the top of the furnace chamber (3); a returner (13) is installed on the furnace frame (2); the bottom of the returner (13) is connected to the inside of the furnace chamber (3) through a pipeline; a cyclone separator (14) is installed inside the furnace frame (2) which is connected to the right end of the U-shaped channel (12); a conduit (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cyclone separator (14); the other end of the conduit (15) is connected to the returner (13) and fixed; and a conduit (15) is installed inside the furnace frame (2) which is connected to the right end of the U-shaped channel (12). The top of the cyclone separator (14) is connected to an economizer (16); a dust removal mechanism (17) is installed on the base (1); the input end of the dust removal mechanism (17) is connected and fixed to the bottom end of the economizer (16) through a pipeline; a desulfurization tower (18) and an exhaust mechanism (19) are installed on the base (1); the input end of the desulfurization tower (18) is connected and coordinated with the output end of the dust removal mechanism (17) through a pipeline; and the output end of the desulfurization tower (18) is connected and coordinated with the exhaust mechanism (19) through a pipeline.

2. The energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Slag discharge cavities (41) communicating with the bottom of the mesh ring (7) are arranged around the fluidized bed (4), and slag discharge pipes (42) communicating with the slag discharge cavities (41) are fixedly mounted on the outside of the fluidized bed (4).

3. The energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of ignition burners (20) are installed inside the fluidized bed (4) and the furnace cavity (3); the ignition burners (20) inside the fluidized bed (4) are located at the bottom of the material loading plate (6).

4. The energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the high-pressure fan (5) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped branch pipe (51), the other end of the U-shaped branch pipe (51) is plugged into the interior of the returner (13), one end of the U-shaped branch pipe (51) located inside the returner (13) extends horizontally to a pipe connecting the returner (13) and the interior of the furnace chamber (3), the diameter of the end of the U-shaped branch pipe (51) located inside the returner (13) is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe connecting the returner (13) and the interior of the furnace chamber (3), and the inner diameter of the U-shaped branch pipe (51) gradually decreases from the end close to the high-pressure fan (5) to the end close to the returner (13).

5. The energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal mechanism (17) comprises a feed pipe (171), a bag filter (172) and a discharge pipe (173); one end of the feed pipe (171) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the economizer (16); the other end of the feed pipe (171) is fixedly connected to the input end of the bag filter (172); and the output end of the bag filter (172) is fixedly connected to the input end of the desulfurization tower (18) via the discharge pipe (173).

6. The energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust mechanism (19) comprises a draft fan (191) and a chimney (192); the bottom of the draft fan (191) is fixedly mounted on the base (1); the input end of the draft fan (191) is fixedly connected to the output end of the desulfurization tower (18) via a pipeline; the output end of the draft fan (191) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the chimney (192) via a pipeline; and the chimney (192) is fixedly mounted on the base (1).

7. The energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular tube (23) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the high-pressure fan (5); the annular tube (23) is fixedly mounted on the furnace frame (2); the annular tube (23) is concentrically arranged with the middle section of the furnace chamber (3); and three secondary air inlet heads (24) are fixedly connected to the inside of the annular tube (23), all of which are deflected counterclockwise.

8. The energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fluidized bed (4) is fixedly connected with an inspection door (25) by means of bolts; the side cross-section of the bottom of the fluidized bed (4) is inclined, and the bottom slope of the fluidized bed (4) is inclined along the air inlet direction.

9. The energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped channel (12) comprises a sinking channel (121) and an ascending channel (122); the top end of the sinking channel (121) is connected to the top of the furnace chamber (3); the top end of the ascending channel (122) is connected to the top entrance section of the cyclone separator (14); the bottom ends of the sinking channel (121) and the ascending channel (122) are connected to each other and are connected and fixed to the return material device (13) at the bottom.

10. The energy-saving fluidized bed combustion furnace system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A conical head (511) is provided at one end of the U-shaped branch pipe (51) located inside the returner (13); an inner spiral air guide groove (512) is provided on the inner wall of the conical head (511); and the conical head (511) faces the direction of the furnace chamber (3).

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