Optical interconnection device based on diffraction grating

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to an optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating. The device comprises a plurality of input ports, a diffraction grating coupler and a plurality of output ports which are arranged in sequence, a plurality of input ports for receiving a plurality of optical signals of different wavelengths; and the diffraction grating coupler is used for improving the coupling efficiency of a target optical signal in the plurality of optical signals based on temperature adjustment, and outputting the target optical signal to a target output port of the plurality of output ports. In the invention, the diffraction grating coupler is dynamically adjusted through temperature control to change the transmission direction and the coupling efficiency of the transmission signal, and optical signal routing from any input to any output is realized. The limitation of a traditional optical interconnection fixed optical path is broken through, and greater flexibility is provided for a complex communication network. And meanwhile, the diffraction grating coupler is regulated and controlled by temperature to realize optical path switching, so that the problems of high power consumption and low precision in mechanical regulation are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, and in particular to an optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of information technology, especially the rapid progress in large-scale integrated circuits and high-performance computing, the speed and bandwidth requirements of data transmission have increased dramatically. Traditional electrical interconnection technology is facing more and more bottlenecks, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: the transmission rate of electrical signals is limited by the resistance and capacitance effects of conductors and signal interference problems. Especially in long-distance transmission, the bandwidth efficiency gradually decreases, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale parallel data transmission in high-performance computing; in ultra-large-scale systems, electrical signal interconnection consumes a lot of power, especially when the frequency and transmission rate increase, the power consumption increases sharply. With the increase in the scale of data centers and high-performance computing systems, the control of power consumption has become a key challenge; the high power consumption of electrical interconnection systems has brought serious heat dissipation problems. With the increase in chip integration and computing density, the thermal management of the system has become more difficult, which limits the further improvement of performance; electrical signals are easily affected by crosstalk, noise and signal attenuation during high-speed transmission, especially when multiple channels work in parallel, signal integrity is difficult to guarantee.

[0003] In order to solve these problems, optical interconnection technology has gradually become an ideal alternative, especially in scenarios that require large-scale data transmission, low power consumption, and high bandwidth. Optical interconnection technology uses optical signals for data transmission, which has the following significant advantages: optical signals can operate at higher frequencies, the bandwidth of optical fibers significantly exceeds that of traditional copper wire transmission media, and can support multi-wavelength parallel transmission, greatly improving the data transmission rate; optical signals have low loss in long-distance transmission, and do not need to be frequently relayed and amplified like electrical signals, reducing delays and energy consumption; optical signals are insensitive to electromagnetic interference, which enables high signal integrity to be maintained in large-scale parallel data transmission. In traditional optical interconnection systems, there is usually a need for multiple inputs and multiple outputs, that is, any connection between n input and n output ports. This type of architecture is very common in modern communication networks and high-performance computing. For example, data center interconnection, on-chip optical networks, and data exchange matrices all need to support many-to-many data routing. However, current optical interconnection solutions have defects such as complex structure and low extinction ratio. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating to solve the technical problems of the optical interconnection solutions in the prior art, such as complex structure and low extinction ratio.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides an optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating, the device comprising: a plurality of input ports, a diffraction grating coupler and a plurality of output ports arranged in sequence; the plurality of input ports are used to receive a plurality of optical signals of different wavelengths; the diffraction grating coupler is used to improve the coupling efficiency of a target optical signal among the plurality of optical signals based on temperature regulation, and output the target optical signal to a target output port of the plurality of output ports.

[0007] In the present invention, the transmission direction and coupling efficiency of the transmission signal are changed by dynamically adjusting the diffraction grating coupler through temperature control, thereby realizing the routing of optical signals from any input to any output. This breaks through the limitation of the fixed optical path of traditional optical interconnection and provides greater flexibility for complex communication networks. At the same time, the use of temperature-controlled diffraction grating couplers to achieve optical path switching avoids the problems of high power consumption and low precision in mechanical adjustment.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the diffraction grating coupler includes: a first diffraction grating coupler and a second diffraction grating coupler; the first diffraction grating coupler is used to improve the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal among the multiple optical signals based on temperature regulation; the second diffraction grating coupler is used to control the target optical signal to be output to a target output port of the multiple output ports based on temperature regulation.

[0009] In the present invention, by providing a first diffraction grating coupler and a second diffraction grating coupler, the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal is improved and the output is guided to the target port, thereby reducing the complexity of temperature regulation.

[0010] In an optional implementation, the first diffraction grating coupler is further used to unify the transmission directions of multiple optical signals, and the second diffraction grating coupler is further used to improve the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal based on temperature regulation.

[0011] In the present invention, the first diffraction grating coupler further unifies the transmission directions of the multiple optical signals, thereby enabling the multiple optical signals to be integrated into one channel for transmission.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes: a saturated absorber, which is arranged between the diffraction grating coupler and the multiple output ports; the saturated absorber is used to absorb other optical signals among the multiple optical signals except the target optical signal.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal is greater than a preset value, so that the light intensity of the target optical signal is greater than the absorption threshold of the saturated absorber, and the light intensity of the non-target optical signal is less than the absorption threshold of the saturated absorber, and the non-target optical signal is other optical signals among the multiple optical signals except the target optical signal.

[0014] In the present invention, by introducing a saturated absorber, the extinction ratio of the output signal is effectively improved. The noise interference in signal transmission is greatly reduced, the clarity and quality of the signal are significantly improved, thereby improving the overall communication performance of the device. And the complexity of the multi-input and multi-output waveguide design is reduced.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes: an optical amplifying medium, which is arranged on a side of the saturated absorber away from the diffraction grating coupler; the optical amplifying medium is used to amplify and process the target optical signal.

[0016] In the present invention, the target optical signal output to the target output port is amplified by using an optical amplifying medium to ensure that the signal can meet the transmission distance and device power requirements.

[0017] In an optional implementation, the device further includes: a temperature control module; the temperature control module is used to adjust the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes: a feedback module; the feedback module is used to collect the intensity of the target optical signal after the coupling efficiency is improved, and adjust the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler according to the intensity.

[0019] In the present invention, by providing a feedback module, the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler is feedback-regulated by the intensity of the target light signal, so that the temperature can be precisely regulated and the intensity of the target light signal can meet the required requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of an optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of an optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating in another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] At present, the optical interconnection solutions in related technologies include MEMS optical switch matrix solution, liquid crystal optical switch solution, adjustable optical attenuator solution, wavelength selection switch solution, optical interconnection solution based on silicon photonics, etc. The basic principles and main defects of these solutions are as follows:

[0024] 1. The MEMS optical switch matrix solution controls the reflection of optical signals through a micromirror system, changes the transmission path of optical signals, and realizes switching between different input and output ports. By adjusting the angle of the micromirror, you can freely choose between multiple input and output channels. The micromirror structure based on mechanical movement has a slow switching speed (usually in milliseconds), which is difficult to meet the needs of high-speed optical communication. Although the static power consumption is low, the power consumption is high when the micromirrors are frequently switched. In addition, the mechanical parts of MEMS devices are prone to wear during frequent use, which affects their service life.

[0025] 2. The liquid crystal optical switch solution uses the anisotropy of liquid crystal materials to change the arrangement direction of liquid crystal molecules by applying an electric field, thereby changing the polarization state of the optical signal and switching between different input and output ports. The response speed of liquid crystal materials is usually slow (microseconds to milliseconds), which makes it difficult to support high-speed data transmission. The modulation effect of liquid crystal switches is difficult to achieve a high extinction ratio and is prone to optical signal crosstalk. Liquid crystal materials are sensitive to temperature changes, and their performance may be affected by ambient temperature.

[0026] 3. The variable optical attenuator (VOA) solution dynamically controls the transmitted power to adjust the output signal by adjusting the intensity of the optical signal. Mechanical or electrical control is usually used to attenuate the signal to balance the signal strength of different channels. VOA adjusts the intensity of the optical signal relatively slowly and cannot achieve high-speed optical signal switching. This problem is particularly evident in multi-channel systems because the optical attenuator itself introduces additional optical loss. In addition, in a complex system with n inputs and n outputs, it is difficult to achieve high-precision synchronous control of multiple channels.

[0027] 4. The Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS) solution selects optical signals of specific wavelengths through gratings or similar optical devices and routes them to different output ports. It is often used in wavelength division multiplexing systems. After optical signals of different wavelengths are separated, wavelength routing is achieved by controlling the grating angle or other optical elements. When the wavelength selective switch works in multiple channels, the independent control of each wavelength increases power consumption. The wavelength selection mechanism of WSS makes system design complex, especially in large-scale multi-wavelength optical interconnection systems, where the routing of each wavelength signal needs to be precisely controlled. The extinction ratio of its modulated signal is relatively low and is easily interfered by other wavelength signals.

[0028] 5. The optical interconnection solution based on silicon photonics uses silicon waveguides to transmit optical signals and controls the switching of optical signals between input and output through silicon-based modulators. It usually supports multi-wavelength transmission, thereby realizing large-scale parallel data transmission in n-input and n-output systems. However, it is difficult for silicon optical modulators to achieve a high extinction ratio at high speeds, resulting in unclear signals. Silicon photonic devices rely on high-power electrical drives and laser sources, and power consumption issues are particularly prominent, especially in multi-channel parallel optical interconnections. In addition, in the n-input and n-output architecture, the waveguide design of the multi-input and multi-output system is complex.

[0029] In view of this, this embodiment provides an optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating, in which two diffraction grating couplers are arranged, and the diffraction grating couplers are dynamically adjusted by temperature control to change the transmission direction and coupling efficiency of the signal, thereby realizing the routing of optical signals from any input to any output. This breaks through the limitation of the fixed optical path of traditional optical interconnection and provides greater flexibility for complex communication networks.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can also be the internal connection of two components, it can be a wireless connection, or it can be a wired connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes: multiple input ports, diffraction grating couplers and multiple output ports arranged in sequence; the multiple input ports are used to receive multiple optical signals of different wavelengths; the diffraction grating coupler is used to preset parameters or temperature adjustment to improve the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal among the multiple optical signals, and output the target optical signal to the target output port of the multiple output ports. It should be noted that Figure 1 Only the target optical signal with improved coupling efficiency is shown in the figure. However, in addition to the target optical signal, other optical signals among the multiple optical signals will also be output from other output ports except the target output port if they are not subjected to extinction processing. However, the coupling efficiency of the other optical signals is low.

[0036] Specifically, the transmission directions of the multiple optical signals may be the same or different. The transmission direction may be the direction in which the multiple optical signals are incident to the multiple input ports, for example, the multiple optical signals are incident to the input ports from the forward direction, the side direction, or the oblique direction of the multiple input ports. In addition, the number of the multiple input ports, the number of the multiple output ports, and the number of the multiple optical signals are the same. For example, when the multiple optical signals are n, the multiple input ports and the multiple output ports are both n. Each input port receives an optical signal.

[0037] The diffraction grating coupler can change the coupling efficiency and transmission direction of the optical signal by temperature regulation. Among them, when the temperature regulation method is adopted, an additional temperature regulation device can be used to adjust the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler during the operation of the optical interconnection device. Specifically, when the temperature changes, the actual structural parameters of the diffraction grating coupler will change with the change of temperature, thereby causing the parameters such as the refractive index and grating period of the diffraction grating coupler to change. When the wavelength of the optical signal and the parameters of the diffraction grating coupler meet certain conditions, the coupling efficiency of the optical signal can be improved. Therefore, in order to achieve the improvement of the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal among multiple optical signals, the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler can be adjusted during the operation of the optical interconnection device so that the parameters of the diffraction grating coupler match the wavelength of the target optical signal, thereby improving the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal.

[0038] In addition, when the refractive index of the diffraction grating coupler changes, the transmission path of the optical signal in the diffraction grating coupler will also change. Therefore, the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler can be controlled to change its refractive index and further change the transmission path of the optical signal, so that the target optical signal can be output from the target output port of the multiple output ports.

[0039] The diffraction grating-based optical interconnection device provided by the embodiment of the present invention dynamically adjusts the transmission direction and coupling efficiency of the diffraction grating coupler through temperature control, thereby realizing the routing of optical signals from any input to any output. This breaks through the limitation of the fixed optical path of traditional optical interconnection and provides greater flexibility for complex communication networks. At the same time, the use of temperature-controlled diffraction grating couplers to achieve optical path switching avoids the problems of high power consumption and low precision in mechanical adjustment.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the diffraction grating coupler includes: a first diffraction grating coupler and a second diffraction grating coupler; the first diffraction grating coupler is used to improve the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal among the multiple optical signals based on temperature regulation; the second diffraction grating coupler is used to control the target optical signal to be output to a target output port of the multiple output ports based on temperature regulation.

[0041] Specifically, when a single diffraction grating coupler is used in an optical interconnection device, the diffraction grating coupler needs to be temperature-regulated so that it can improve the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal, and it also needs to be able to output to the target output port. In this case, the regulation method may be more complicated and difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, two diffraction grating couplers are set in the optical interconnection device. The first diffraction grating coupler is used to improve the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal based on temperature regulation, and the second diffraction grating coupler is used to control the target optical signal to be output to the target output port based on temperature regulation. Therefore, during the operation of the optical interconnection device, the temperature of the first diffraction grating coupler and the second diffraction grating coupler can be adjusted respectively, which reduces the difficulty of regulation.

[0042] Wherein, further, the first diffraction grating coupler is also used to unify the transmission directions of multiple optical signals, and the second diffraction grating coupler is also used to improve the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal based on temperature regulation. Specifically, through temperature regulation, the first diffraction grating coupler can also unify the transmission directions of multiple optical signals into a fixed direction, so as to integrate different optical signals into one transmission channel. In addition, in addition to transmitting the target optical signal to the target output port, the second diffraction grating coupler can also improve the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal by temperature regulation.

[0043] In addition, for the diffraction grating coupler in the optical interconnection device, in addition to setting a single diffraction grating coupler and two diffraction grating couplers, more diffraction grating couplers can also be set. For example, four diffraction grating couplers can be set, wherein two grating couplers are arranged in parallel after a plurality of input ports. For example, when the input ports include n, the two diffraction grating couplers arranged in parallel receive the optical signals input from the n / 2 input ports respectively. At the same time, the other two diffraction grating couplers are arranged in parallel and correspond to n output ports, that is, one diffraction grating coupler corresponds to n / 2 output ports, and the other diffraction grating coupler corresponds to n / 2 output ports. Therefore, in practical applications, the number of diffraction grating couplers can be determined according to actual needs. This embodiment does not make specific limitations on this.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes: a temperature control module; the temperature control module is used to adjust the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler. Specifically, in order to achieve temperature adjustment of the diffraction grating coupler, a temperature control module can be further provided in the optical interconnection device, and the temperature control module specifically includes a heating module and a temperature adjustment module, wherein the temperature adjustment module can adjust the temperature of the heating module, and the heating module can further adjust the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler.

[0045] It should be noted that, when there are multiple diffraction grating couplers, a corresponding temperature control module may be provided for each diffraction grating coupler, so as to achieve temperature adjustment for each diffraction grating coupler.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes: a saturated absorber, the saturated absorber is arranged between the diffraction grating coupler and the multiple output ports; the saturated absorber is used to absorb other optical signals except the target optical signal among the multiple optical signals. The coupling efficiency of the target optical signal is greater than a preset value, so that the light intensity of the target optical signal is greater than the absorption threshold of the saturated absorber, and the light intensity of the non-target optical signal is less than the absorption threshold of the saturated absorber, and the non-target optical signal is other optical signals except the target optical signal among the multiple optical signals.

[0047] Specifically, when the optical signal passes through the saturated absorber, its absorption coefficient decreases as the light intensity increases. That is, when the light intensity is low, the saturated absorber absorbs light more strongly, and the optical signal cannot pass through the saturated absorber at this time; when the light intensity increases to a certain extent, the absorption coefficient of the saturated absorber decreases, and the optical signal can pass through, thereby realizing the output of the optical signal. In this embodiment, when the optical signal passes through the diffraction grating coupler to achieve improved coupling efficiency, the light intensity of the target optical signal after the coupling efficiency is improved can reach the absorption threshold of the saturated absorber, so that the target optical signal is not absorbed by the saturated absorber; at the same time, the coupling efficiency of the non-target optical signal remains unchanged or decreases, so the light intensity of the non-target optical signal is lower than the absorption threshold, so that the non-target optical signal is absorbed by the saturated absorber, reducing the noise in the target optical signal.

[0048] Among them, since the target optical signal passing through the diffraction grating coupler will be transmitted in the direction of the target output port, a saturated absorber can be set between the diffraction grating coupler and the output port and on the transmission path of the target optical signal, so that other optical signals on the transmission path are absorbed by the saturated body.

[0049] In this embodiment, by setting a saturated absorber, the extinction ratio can be improved, and low-intensity and noisy signals can be filtered out, ensuring that the output target light signal is cleaner and has a high contrast. Through extinction processing, unnecessary noise components in the target light signal are effectively weakened, and the target light signal becomes more stable.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes: a feedback module; the feedback module is used to collect the intensity of the target optical signal after the coupling efficiency is improved, and adjust the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler according to the intensity. Specifically, the feedback module can be connected to the temperature control module to obtain the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler, or the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler can be obtained by setting a temperature sensor. At the same time, the feedback module can also obtain the intensity of the target optical signal at the target output port (the intensity can be used to characterize the coupling efficiency), use the intensity as a feedback signal, and further generate a temperature adjustment signal according to the feedback signal to adjust the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler, thereby improving the intensity of the target optical signal.

[0051] In addition, the feedback module can also collect the intensity of the target light signal before it is input into the saturated absorber, and determine whether the intensity of the target light signal reaches the absorption threshold of the saturated absorber. When the absorption threshold is not reached, a temperature adjustment signal can be further generated to adjust the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler, so that the target light signal entering the saturated absorber reaches the absorption threshold.

[0052] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes: an optical amplifying medium, the optical amplifying medium being arranged on a side of the saturated absorber away from the diffraction grating coupler; the optical amplifying medium being used to amplify the target optical signal. Specifically, the optical amplifying medium can be arranged on the transmission path of the target optical signal after the saturated absorber, so that the optical signal after the extinction processing is enhanced. Thus, by arranging the optical amplifying medium, the intensity and clarity of the optical signal in long-distance transmission can be guaranteed, and the final output signal power can be ensured to be sufficient to meet the transmission requirements in practical applications.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating. The optical interconnection device is an n-input and n-output optical interconnection device. The device is mainly composed of the following modules: a light source, multiple input ports (IN_1 to IN_n), two diffraction grating couplers, a temperature control module, a saturated absorber, an optical amplification medium, and multiple output ports (OUT_1 to OUT_n). Multiple input ports receive incident light signals from different directions or wavelengths. Each input port represents an independent optical signal source and supports multi-channel parallel transmission. Figure 2 As shown, the first diffraction grating unifies the propagation directions of each incident optical signal into a fixed direction so as to integrate different optical signals into one channel. The first diffraction grating has a temperature control module, which can change the coupling efficiency of different input signals by adjusting the temperature, so as to achieve selective enhancement or attenuation of different signals in the process of unifying the direction.

[0055] The second diffraction grating is located after the first diffraction grating and is used to distribute the optical signals with unified directions to different output ports. The second diffraction grating is also equipped with a temperature control module, which can adjust the coupling efficiency of signals in different directions or different wavelengths to ensure that a specific optical signal reaches the required intensity at the required output port. The temperature control module is distributed on the two diffraction grating couplers, and the coupling efficiency of each input optical signal is controlled by adjusting the temperature of each diffraction grating coupler. The temperature of the two diffraction grating couplers is adjusted in coordination so that the coupling efficiency of the specific input optical signal reaches a peak at the required output port, and its light intensity exceeds the threshold of the saturated absorber, while the light intensity of other non-target optical signals with lower coupling efficiency is lower than this threshold. After passing through the second diffraction grating, the optical signal passes through the saturated absorber. The saturated absorber can filter out signals with insufficient intensity, ensuring that only signals that reach the predetermined threshold pass through, significantly improving the extinction ratio of the signal, and removing unnecessary noise. The optical signal passing through the saturated absorber enters the optical amplification medium, further enhancing the signal intensity to ensure that the output signal adapts to long-distance transmission or high bandwidth requirements. The output port is used to transmit the optical signal that has completed routing selection. Through the synergy of diffraction grating and temperature control, optical signal switching and transmission from any input port to any output port can be achieved.

[0056] Specifically, the optical interconnection device based on the diffraction grating can work according to the following process:

[0057] 1. Optical signal input.

[0058] The optical interconnection device receives optical signals from multiple different directions or different wavelengths. The input multiple optical signals enter the optical interconnection device from ports IN_1 to IN_n respectively, and are distributed and routed in the internal diffraction grating coupler array.

[0059] 2. Optical signal routing with diffraction grating coupler.

[0060] The input optical signal enters the first diffraction grating coupler, which unifies the propagation direction of all incident light. At the same time, the temperature control module adjusts the coupling efficiency of the first diffraction grating so that the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal increases, thereby obtaining a higher transmission efficiency when the direction is unified. The optical signal unified by the first diffraction grating coupler enters the second diffraction grating coupler, which guides the target optical signal to a specific output port (e.g., OUT_n) through temperature adjustment. By controlling the temperature, the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal on OUT_n is maximized and exceeds the threshold of the saturated absorber; the light intensity of other non-target optical signals with low coupling efficiency is lower than the threshold, so that they cannot pass through the saturated absorber.

[0061] 3. Signal extinction processing.

[0062] Once the optical signal determines the output path, it passes through a saturated absorber. The function of the saturated absorber is to improve the extinction ratio, filter out low-intensity, noisy signals, and ensure that the output optical signal is cleaner and has a high contrast. Through extinction processing, unnecessary noise components in the signal are effectively weakened, and the optical signal becomes more stable.

[0063] 4. Optical signal amplification.

[0064] In order to ensure the intensity and clarity of optical signals during long-distance transmission, the optical signals after extinction processing are passed through optical amplification media. The optical amplification media can enhance the optical signals after extinction processing to ensure that the final output signal power is sufficient to meet the transmission requirements in practical applications.

[0065] 5. Optical signal output.

[0066] Finally, the optical signal coupled by the diffraction grating coupler, extinguished by the saturated absorber and amplified by the optical amplification medium is transmitted from the corresponding output port. The system can flexibly realize the routing of optical signals from any input port to any output port according to different temperature adjustments.

[0067] For example, if the input optical signal needs to be output from IN_1 to OUT_n with a high extinction ratio: n different optical signals enter the first diffraction grating from the input port, and the temperature is adjusted to make each light beam unified in the horizontal direction to enter the same channel for transmission, and at this time, the coupling efficiency of IN_1 is the highest; continue to transmit to the second diffraction grating coupler, adjust the temperature so that each signal is output from OUT_1 to OUT_n, at this time, the coupling efficiency of OUT_n reaches the maximum and is greater than the threshold of the saturated absorber, while other signals are lower than the threshold of the saturated absorber. The output optical signal filters out other signals through the saturated absorber, effectively improving the extinction ratio of the OUT_n signal output. Then the signal OUT_n is enhanced through the optical amplification medium. Finally, the optical signal is output from IN_1 to OUT_n with a high extinction ratio.

[0068] The present invention effectively improves the extinction ratio of the output signal by introducing a saturated absorber, greatly reduces noise interference in signal transmission, significantly improves the clarity and quality of the signal, thereby improving the overall communication performance of the device, and reduces the complexity of the waveguide design of the multi-input multi-output device.

[0069] The present invention dynamically adjusts the transmission direction and coupling efficiency of the diffraction grating coupler through temperature control, realizing the routing of optical signals from any input to any output, breaking through the limitation of fixed optical paths of traditional optical interconnection, and providing greater flexibility for complex communication networks.

[0070] The present invention utilizes a temperature-controlled grating coupler to realize optical path switching, thereby avoiding the problems of high power consumption and low precision in mechanical adjustment.

[0071] The present invention integrates a diffraction grating coupler, temperature control, a saturated absorber and a light amplifying medium into one device to form a highly integrated optical interconnection device.

[0072] Although the exemplary embodiments and their advantages have been described in detail, those skilled in the art may make various changes, substitutions and modifications to these embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of protection defined by the appended claims, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims. For other examples, those of ordinary skill in the art should readily understand that the order of the process steps may be changed while maintaining the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] In addition, the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to the processes, mechanisms, manufactures, material compositions, means, methods and steps of the specific embodiments described in the specification. From the disclosure of the present invention, it will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the processes, mechanisms, manufactures, material compositions, means, methods or steps that currently exist or will be developed in the future, which perform substantially the same functions as the corresponding embodiments described in the present invention or obtain substantially the same results, can be applied according to the present invention. Therefore, the claims attached to the present invention are intended to include these processes, mechanisms, manufactures, material compositions, means, methods or steps within their scope of protection.

Claims

1. An optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating, characterized in that: The device comprises: a plurality of input ports, a diffraction grating coupler and a plurality of output ports arranged in sequence; The multiple input ports are used to receive multiple optical signals of different wavelengths; The diffraction grating coupler is used to improve the coupling efficiency of a target optical signal among the multiple optical signals based on temperature regulation, and output the target optical signal to a target output port of the multiple output ports.

2. The optical interconnection device based on diffraction grating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diffraction grating coupler comprises: a first diffraction grating coupler and a second diffraction grating coupler; The first diffraction grating coupler is used to improve the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal among the multiple optical signals based on temperature regulation; The second diffraction grating coupler is used to control the target optical signal to be output to a target output port of the plurality of output ports based on temperature regulation.

3. The optical interconnection device based on diffraction grating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first diffraction grating coupler is further used to unify the transmission directions of multiple optical signals, and the second diffraction grating coupler is further used to improve the coupling efficiency of the target optical signal based on temperature regulation.

4. The optical interconnection device based on diffraction grating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further includes: a saturable absorber disposed between the diffraction grating coupler and the plurality of output ports; The saturable absorber is used to absorb other optical signals except the target optical signal among the multiple optical signals.

5. The optical interconnection device based on diffraction grating according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coupling efficiency of the target optical signal is greater than a preset value, so that the light intensity of the target optical signal is greater than the absorption threshold of the saturated absorber, and the light intensity of the non-target optical signal is less than the absorption threshold of the saturated absorber, and the non-target optical signal is other optical signals among the multiple optical signals except the target optical signal.

6. The optical interconnection device based on diffraction grating according to claim 4, characterized in that: The device further comprises: a light amplifying medium, wherein the light amplifying medium is arranged on a side of the saturated absorber away from the diffraction grating coupler; The optical amplifying medium is used to amplify the target optical signal.

7. The optical interconnection device based on a diffraction grating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes: a temperature control module; The temperature control module is used to adjust the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler.

8. The optical interconnection device based on diffraction grating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises: a feedback module; The feedback module is used to collect the intensity of the target optical signal after the coupling efficiency is improved, and adjust the temperature of the diffraction grating coupler according to the intensity.

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