Flue gas pollutant near-zero emission full-dry treatment system based on ultra-clean electric precipitation

Abstract

The invention provides a smoke pollutant near-zero-emission full-dry-method treatment system based on ultra-clean electric precipitation. The smoke pollutant near-zero-emission full-dry-method treatment system is composed of a smoke system, an activated carbon system and a desulfurization byproduct preparation system. The flue gas system comprises a flue system, an ultra-clean electric precipitation system, a heat exchange system and a nitrogen oxide circulating system; the activated carbon system comprises a desulfurization and denitrification system, an activated carbon desorption and regeneration system and an activated carbon transportation system. The flue gas is subjected to dust removal, desulfurization, denitration and other processes, so that near-zero emission of pollutants is achieved, and no secondary pollution is generated after the whole flue gas treatment process is finished; the desorbed desulfurization by-product can be prepared into commercial salt or sulfuric acid for sale according to requirements, and the desorbed nitric oxide returns to the hearth to inhibit the generation of new nitric oxide. The system integrates various flue gas pollutant treatment technologies such as ultra-clean electric precipitation, activated carbon low-temperature adsorption desulfurization and denitrification, activated carbon desorption regeneration and nitrogen oxide furnace returning, the flue gas pollutant treatment efficiency is improved, meanwhile, secondary pollutants are thoroughly eliminated, and full-dry-method near-zero emission of flue gas pollutants is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a flue gas pollutant treatment system, in particular to a flue gas pollutant near-zero emission full-dry treatment system based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator. Background Art

[0002] In today's coal-fired flue gas treatment field, the mainstream treatment system usually includes the combined application of multiple technologies such as "selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification technology, electrostatic precipitator, wet desulfurization technology and wet electrostatic precipitator". Although this comprehensive treatment system can effectively reduce pollutant emissions to a certain extent, its system structure is complex and large, resulting in high initial investment and construction costs. In addition, in the process of flue gas treatment, a large amount of waste will inevitably be generated, such as discarded denitrification catalysts and desulfurization wastewater, which cause serious pollution to the environment. The treatment of these wastes not only requires additional economic costs, but also may bring the risk of secondary pollution.

[0003] When the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator is reduced, it will affect the quality of the desulfurized gypsum, and thus affect its value as a building material. Although the zero-emission process of desulfurized wastewater reduces the discharge of wastewater to a certain extent, the use of flue evaporation technology may have an adverse effect on the quality of fly ash, because the concentration of harmful substances contained in the fly ash may increase during the flue evaporation process. In addition, the wet electrostatic precipitator will also produce a certain amount of gray water during operation, which needs to be further treated to meet the emission standards, thereby increasing the complexity and cost of the treatment.

[0004] In summary, although the existing coal-fired boiler flue gas treatment system has made certain progress in technology, it still faces many challenges in terms of economy and environment. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to research and develop a new flue gas treatment system that is more efficient, economical and environmentally friendly. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve a series of problems existing in the existing coal-fired boiler flue gas treatment system, including the construction and operation cost problem, the waste treatment problem generated during operation, the secondary pollution problem during operation, etc.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator, which consists of a flue gas system, an activated carbon system and a desulfurization by-product preparation system; the flue gas system includes a flue system, an ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system, a heat exchange system, and a nitrogen oxide circulation system; the activated carbon system includes an activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification system, an activated carbon analysis and regeneration system, an activated carbon storage bin and an activated carbon transportation system; the near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator is arranged at the flue gas outlet of the boiler; the flue gas passes through the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system, the heat exchange system, the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification system, and the activated carbon storage bin and the activated carbon transportation system in sequence through the flue system. Sulfur denitrification system, the purified flue gas is discharged through the chimney; the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification system, the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system, and the activated carbon storage bin are connected by the activated carbon transportation system to realize the recycling of activated carbon adsorption, analysis and regeneration, and the inactivated or broken activated carbon is sent to the boiler for combustion; the nitrogen oxides in the activated carbon analysis products are sent to the boiler furnace through pipelines, and the sulfur oxides in the analysis products are sent to the desulfurization by-product preparation system through pipelines; this system uses an integrated distributed control system to connect the systems in series, and conducts real-time monitoring and optimization of the parameters of each unit to ensure stable and efficient operation of the system.

[0008] In the above-mentioned near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator, the coal-fired flue gas enters the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system from the boiler outlet, and enters the electrostatic precipitator after passing through the air flow distribution device. Most of the dust in the flue gas is adsorbed by the precipitator, achieving efficient dust removal of the flue gas. The outlet dust concentration is 10mg / m 3The flue gas then passes through a heat exchange system to reduce the flue gas temperature to below 20°C before entering an activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification system. The flue gas enters a cross-flow adsorption tower in the desulfurization section from the side, and the activated carbon layer is arranged vertically. The sulfur dioxide therein is adsorbed by the activated carbon when the flue gas passes through the adsorption layer. The flue gas then enters a countercurrent adsorption tower in the denitrification section, and the activated carbon layer is arranged horizontally. The flue gas passes through the activated carbon layer from bottom to top to achieve flue gas denitrification. The flue gas is then discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney to complete the coal-fired flue gas treatment process. At the same time, the desulfurization activated carbon and denitrification activated carbon that have been saturated with adsorption are sent to different analysis workshops of the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system by the activated carbon circulation system, and are heated in a nitrogen atmosphere to analyze the adsorbed sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides. The activated carbon is cooled and its activity is evaluated, and the regenerated activated carbon is finally sent back to the corresponding adsorption section of the adsorption tower according to its type. The inactivated activated carbon is sent to the boiler for combustion, and the enriched sulfur dioxide enters the by-product preparation system through a pipeline, and is produced into industrial salt or sulfuric acid through purification, conversion, drying and other processes to achieve resource utilization; the analyzed nitrogen oxides enter the nitrogen oxide circulation system through a pipeline, and enter the furnace through a conveying pipeline to participate in the thermal nitrogen oxide generation reaction, so that the reaction equilibrium moves in the opposite direction and the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides is inhibited. The remaining nitrogen oxides enter the overall system again with the flue gas, realizing the circulation of nitrogen oxides in the treatment system; an integrated distributed control system is used to monitor and optimize the parameters of each unit in real time to ensure stable and efficient operation of the system.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, an arc-shaped spoiler is installed in front of the air intake box of the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system, and a new turbulent flue gas guide device is installed in the air intake box, which greatly improves the airflow distribution performance and effectively improves the dust removal efficiency of the first electric field; a rotating dust collecting plate is installed in the terminal electric field, and the dust collecting plate moves slowly in a cycle to intercept a small amount of escaping dust and vibrate secondary dust, effectively reducing the dust concentration of the outlet flue gas, replacing the flue plate of the outlet flue box; the dust concentration of the outlet flue gas of the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system can be 10mg / m 3 The following greatly reduces the risk of activated carbon pores being blocked by dust, meeting the needs of subsequent activated carbon adsorption desulfurization and denitrification.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, a heat exchange system is arranged after the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system, and is mainly composed of heat exchange tubes. The heat exchange system is used to reduce the flue gas temperature at the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator outlet to below 20°C to meet the needs of subsequent flue gas desulfurization and denitrification, and collect the heat of the flue gas at the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator outlet. The heat is used for the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system through the heat exchange tubes to achieve efficient energy utilization.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, it is necessary to set up an ultra-electrostatic dust removal system and a heat exchange system before the activated carbon adsorption desulfurization and denitrification process: the ultra-clean electrostatic dust removal system reduces the dust concentration in the flue gas to 10 mg / m 3The following greatly reduces the probability of dust blocking the pores of activated carbon, ensuring the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon; when the heat exchange system is used, the flue gas temperature drops below 20°C, so that the nitrogen oxides that were originally difficult to be adsorbed can be efficiently adsorbed by activated carbon, thereby achieving the removal of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. Therefore, in order to achieve desulfurization and denitrification by activated carbon adsorption, it is necessary to implement the setting of the pre-super electrostatic dust removal system and the heat exchange system.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system is connected to the heat exchange system through the flue, and the flue gas enters the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system after being cooled by the heat exchange system, and is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney after being treated with desulfurization and denitrification; the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system adopts a double-tower design, and the flue gas is divided into two paths by the main pipeline and introduced into the adsorption tower. The interior of the adsorption tower has a multi-layer structure, and multiple layers of activated carbon adsorption layers can be set to achieve step-by-step adsorption and removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas; a single adsorption tower adopts a combination of cross-flow and counter-flow, and the desulfurization section adopts cross-flow, the moving direction of the activated carbon is perpendicular to the direction of the flue gas, and the flue gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tower laterally, reducing resistance while ensuring adsorption efficiency; The denitrification section adopts countercurrent type, the moving direction of activated carbon is opposite to the direction of flue gas, and flue gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tower from bottom to top, which improves the adsorption efficiency of nitrogen oxides; there are differences in the activated carbon used in the desulfurization section and the denitrification section. The activated carbon used in the denitrification section has higher porosity and specific surface area, which can achieve efficient removal of pollutants while saving costs; the activated carbon layers of the desulfurization section and the denitrification section are respectively equipped with corresponding activated carbon circulation equipment such as conveyor belts, which can realize flexible transportation of two different activated carbons; the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system is equipped with an intelligent control system, which can monitor the parameters in the flue gas treatment process in real time, accurately control the remaining adsorption capacity and circulation speed of the activated carbon, and realize automatic replacement of saturated activated carbon

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system is connected to the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system and the boiler through the activated carbon circulation system: the system adopts a horizontal segmented design and adopts two-stage cooling, and is mainly composed of a feed shell, a distribution shell, a preheating section heat exchanger, a heating section heat exchanger, a first cooling section heat exchanger, a second cooling section heat exchanger, a connecting shell, a smoke box and other parts; the preheating section heat exchanger, the heating section heat exchanger, the first cooling section heat exchanger, and the second cooling section heat exchanger are all shell and tube type; part of the heat source for the heating of the preheating section heat exchanger and the heating section heat exchanger is provided by the heat exchange system; the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system establishes two mutually connected activated carbons for the denitrification section and the desulfurization section The independent analysis workshop uses nitrogen as the carrier gas and protective gas for activated carbon, and the shell is equipped with a nitrogen filling device. When the system is in operation, the saturated activated carbon is sent into the analysis workshop by the conveyor belt, and the flue gas pollutants adsorbed inside are precipitated after being heated to 350℃-400℃, and then collected and stored by an enrichment device. The activated carbon analysis and regeneration system is equipped with an intelligent control system, which can monitor the parameters of the saturated activated carbon treatment process in real time and perform machine learning, so as to accurately control the analysis degree and remaining life of the activated carbon, and intelligently sort the desorbed activated carbon. The regenerated activated carbon is sent to the adsorption tower, and the inactivated activated carbon is sent to the boiler for combustion, so as to achieve zero solid waste generation in the entire process.

[0014] As a further improvement of this application, the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system and the activated carbon adsorption desulfurization and denitrification system are combined and applied to flue gas treatment, which is highly innovative in the flue gas treatment industry, complementing each other in function and promoting each other, greatly improving the efficiency of flue gas pollutant treatment; high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator can achieve a flue gas dust concentration of 10mg / m 3 Below, and it has been proven in engineering practice that with this technology as the support, the dust concentration in the flue gas entering the adsorption tower reaches 10mg / m 3 The following greatly reduces the possibility of activated carbon clogging and effectively improves the activated carbon adsorption efficiency; the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system adopts low-temperature adsorption denitrification technology, which can achieve efficient removal of nitrogen oxides without spraying ammonia, and solves the problem of ammonia escape in the denitrification process that has plagued power plants; the adsorption tower adopts a combination of cross-current and countercurrent layout, which effectively reduces resistance and effectively reduces system energy consumption.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, the activated carbon transportation system connects the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system, the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system, the boiler and the activated carbon feed port, and is mainly composed of a shell, a rotary valve, a conveyor belt, a vibrating screen, an activated carbon storage bin, a discharger and other parts.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present application, the operation of the coal-fired flue gas treatment system and the activated carbon circulation system are both automatically controlled and monitored, and are equipped with an industrial Ethernet distributed control system consisting of a field bus, PLC, human-computer interaction interface, and a host computer; real-time collection and feedback control of parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow, pollutant concentration, and equipment operating status of each unit are performed.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present application, the by-product preparation system can utilize the analyzed sulfur dioxide to prepare industrial salt or sulfuric acid through purification, conversion, drying and other processes; the nitrogen oxide circulation system is connected to the activated carbon analysis system and the boiler furnace through a conveying pipeline; after the nitrogen oxides are analyzed in the activated carbon analysis system, they enter the furnace through the conveying pipeline to participate in the thermal nitrogen oxide generation reaction, so that the reaction equilibrium shifts in the reverse direction, inhibiting the production of thermal nitrogen oxides, and the remaining nitrogen oxides enter the flue gas pollutant near-zero emission full-dry treatment system based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator again with the flue gas, so that the nitrogen oxides only circulate within the treatment system, thereby ensuring that the nitrogen oxide emissions meet the standards.

[0018] An operation process of a near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator, comprising the following steps; S1. The coal-fired flue gas enters the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system through the flue from the boiler outlet, and then enters the electrostatic precipitator after passing through the air flow distribution device. Most of the dust in the flue gas is adsorbed by the precipitator, achieving efficient dust removal of the flue gas. The outlet dust concentration is 10mg / m 3 the following; S2. The coal-fired flue gas passes through the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system and then enters the heat exchange system, which reduces the flue gas temperature to below 20°C to meet the needs of subsequent activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption; S3. After the coal-fired flue gas is cooled by the heat exchange system, it enters the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system through the flue. The flue gas enters the adsorption tower arranged in a cross-flow manner in the desulfurization section from the side. The activated carbon layer is arranged vertically. The sulfur dioxide in the adsorption tower is adsorbed by the activated carbon when the flue gas passes through the adsorption layer. Then the flue gas enters the adsorption tower arranged in a countercurrent manner in the denitrification section. The activated carbon layer is arranged horizontally. The flue gas passes through the activated carbon layer from bottom to top to achieve flue gas denitrification. Then, the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney to complete the coal-fired flue gas treatment process; S4. After adsorption saturation, the desulfurization activated carbon and denitrification activated carbon are respectively sent to different analytical workshops of the activated carbon analytical regeneration system by the activated carbon circulation system, and the temperature is increased under a nitrogen atmosphere to analyze the adsorbed sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides, and then the activated carbon is cooled and the activity is evaluated. Finally, the regenerated activated carbon is sent back to the corresponding adsorption section of the adsorption tower according to its type, and the deactivated activated carbon is sent to the boiler for combustion; S5. The enriched sulfur dioxide enters the converter of the by-product preparation system through a pipeline, and is produced into industrial salt or sulfuric acid through purification, conversion, drying and other processes to achieve resource utilization; S6. The analyzed nitrogen oxides enter the nitrogen oxide circulation system through the pipeline, and enter the furnace through the delivery pipeline to participate in the thermal nitrogen oxide generation reaction, so that the reaction equilibrium moves in the reverse direction, inhibiting the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides, and the remaining nitrogen oxides enter the near-zero emission full-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator again with the flue gas, so that the nitrogen oxides are only circulated in the treatment system; S7. The control system adjusts the operating parameters of each unit according to production needs and system operating conditions to improve system operating efficiency and working stability.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Low-temperature activated carbon adsorption technology is used to treat nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide in coal-fired flue gas. The whole process does not require the consumption of a large amount of water resources. The low-temperature adsorption denitrification technology is used, and no ammonia spraying is required, which solves the problem of ammonia escape in the denitrification process that has troubled power plants. The activated carbon after analysis can be directly recycled as fuel for combustion. No waste is generated in the overall process, achieving zero pollutant emissions;

[0021] 2. The combination of ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator technology and activated carbon low-temperature adsorption desulfurization technology in coal-fired flue gas treatment is highly innovative in the flue gas treatment industry. The functions of each system complement and promote each other, greatly improving the efficiency of flue gas pollutant treatment;

[0022] 3. Ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator can achieve zero dust emission at the outlet of electrostatic precipitator, and it has been proved by engineering practice. With this technology as support, the dust concentration in the flue gas entering the adsorption tower reaches 10mg / m 3 The following greatly reduces the possibility of activated carbon clogging and effectively improves the activated carbon adsorption efficiency;

[0023] 4. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system adopts a segmented design of desulfurization and denitrification sections, and a single adsorption tower adopts a design combining countercurrent and cross-flow, which improves the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency while reducing system resistance and operating costs;

[0024] 5. High economic benefits: Compared with the existing flue gas pollutant treatment system, the flue gas treatment system established based on the full dry zero emission technology of flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator has lower construction and operation costs; after activated carbon analysis, commercial salt or sulfuric acid and other by-products with high economic value can be obtained according to demand, which has high economic benefits; the overall process does not generate additional pollutants, reducing the cost of pollutant treatment; high-performance activated carbon and low-performance activated carbon are reasonably allocated according to the needs of desulfurization and denitrification, effectively reducing the cost of activated carbon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The system is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 This is the overall architecture diagram of this system;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system;

[0028] Figure 3 This is the relationship between the activated carbon adsorption denitrification efficiency and temperature;

[0029] Figure 4 This is the adsorption single tower diagram of the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system;

[0031] In the figure, 1-smoke flow direction, 2-arc spoiler, 3-turbulent smoke guide device, 4-fourth electric field, 5-rotating electrode plate, 5.1-connecting hinge, 5.2-modular electrode plate, 6o porous plate, 7-activated carbon layer, 8-activated carbon moving direction, 9-inlet shutter, 10-activated carbon desulfurization tower, 11-activated carbon denitrification tower, 12-sulfur oxide analysis gas flow direction, 13-analysis gas enrichment pipe, 14-activated carbon conveyor belt, 15-analysis workshop heat exchanger, 16-saturated sulfur oxide adsorption activated carbon, 17-sulfur oxide analysis workshop, 18-nitrogen oxide analysis workshop, 19-nitrogen oxide analysis gas flow direction, 20-saturated nitrogen oxide adsorption activated carbon. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The coal-fired flue gas enters the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system through the flue from the boiler outlet, and then enters the electrostatic precipitator after passing through the air flow distribution device. Most of the dust in the flue gas is adsorbed by the precipitator, achieving efficient dust removal of the flue gas. The dust concentration at the outlet is 10mg / m 3 the following;

[0033] Then the coal-fired flue gas passes through the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system and enters the heat exchange system, which reduces the flue gas temperature to below 20°C to meet the needs of subsequent activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption;

[0034] After being cooled by the heat exchange system, the coal-fired flue gas enters the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system through the flue. The flue gas enters the adsorption tower arranged in a cross-flow manner in the desulfurization section from the side. The activated carbon layer is arranged vertically. The sulfur dioxide in the adsorption tower is adsorbed by the activated carbon when the flue gas passes through the adsorption layer. Then the flue gas enters the adsorption tower arranged in a countercurrent manner in the denitrification section. The activated carbon layer is arranged horizontally. The flue gas passes through the activated carbon layer from bottom to top to achieve flue gas denitrification. Then, the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney, completing the coal-fired flue gas treatment process;

[0035] After adsorption saturation, the desulfurization activated carbon and denitrification activated carbon are respectively sent to different analytical workshops of the activated carbon analytical regeneration system by the activated carbon circulation system, and heated in a nitrogen atmosphere to analyze the adsorbed sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides. Then the activated carbon is cooled and the activity is evaluated. Finally, the regenerated activated carbon is sent back to the corresponding adsorption section of the adsorption tower according to its type, and the deactivated activated carbon is sent to the boiler for combustion.

[0036] The enriched sulfur dioxide enters the converter of the by-product preparation system through a pipeline, and is produced into industrial salt or sulfuric acid through purification, conversion, drying and other processes, thus realizing resource utilization;

[0037] The analyzed nitrogen oxides enter the nitrogen oxide circulation system through the pipeline, and enter the furnace through the conveying pipeline to participate in the thermal nitrogen oxide generation reaction, so that the reaction equilibrium moves in the reverse direction, inhibiting the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides, and the remaining nitrogen oxides enter the near-zero emission full-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator again with the flue gas, so that the nitrogen oxides are only circulated in the treatment system;

[0038] The control system adjusts the operating parameters of each unit according to production needs and system operating conditions to improve system operating efficiency and working stability. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator, characterized by: It is composed of a flue gas system, an activated carbon system and a desulfurization by-product preparation system; the flue gas system includes a flue system, an ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system, a heat exchange system, and a nitrogen oxide circulation system; the activated carbon system includes an activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification system, an activated carbon analysis and regeneration system, an activated carbon storage bin and an activated carbon transportation system; the near-zero emission full-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator is arranged at the boiler flue gas outlet; the flue gas passes through the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system, the heat exchange system, and the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification system in sequence through the flue system, and the purified flue gas is discharged through the chimney; the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification system, the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system, and the activated carbon storage bin are connected by an activated carbon transportation system to realize the recycling of activated carbon adsorption, analysis and regeneration, and the inactivated or broken activated carbon is sent to the boiler for combustion; the nitrogen oxides in the activated carbon analysis product are sent to the boiler furnace through a pipeline, and the sulfur oxides in the analysis product are sent to the desulfurization by-product preparation system through a pipeline.

2. According to claim 1, a near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator is characterized in that: The flue gas at the boiler outlet enters the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system through the flue. An arc-shaped spoiler is installed in front of the inlet of the air intake box of the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system, and a flue gas turbulence guide device is installed in the air intake box to improve the airflow uniformity performance; a rotating dust collecting plate is installed in the final electric field, and a bottom brush is used for dust cleaning to reduce secondary dust and effectively reduce the dust concentration of the outlet flue gas; the dust concentration of the outlet flue gas of the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system can be controlled at 10mg / m 3 The following greatly reduces the risk of activated carbon pores being blocked by dust, meeting the needs of subsequent activated carbon adsorption desulfurization and denitrification.

3. According to claim 1, a near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator is characterized in that: The heat exchange system is installed after the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system and consists of multiple layers of heat exchange tubes. The flue gas temperature is reduced to below 20°C through the heat exchange system to meet the needs of efficient desulfurization and denitrification of activated carbon. The heat absorbed by the heat exchange system is used for the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system through the high-temperature side to achieve heat recycling.

4. According to claim 1, a near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator is characterized in that: After being cooled by the heat exchange system, the flue gas enters the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system, and is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney after desulfurization and denitrification treatment. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system adopts a double-tower design. The flue gas is divided into two paths by the main pipeline and introduced into the adsorption tower. The interior of the adsorption tower has a multi-layer structure, and multiple layers of activated carbon adsorption layers can be set to achieve step-by-step adsorption and removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas.

5. According to claim 1, a near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator is characterized in that: The activated carbon analysis and regeneration system establishes two independent analysis workshops for different activated carbons in the denitrification section and the desulfurization section; part of the heat source for the heating of the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system is provided by the heat exchange system; when the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system is in operation, the saturated activated carbon is sent into the analysis workshop by the conveyor belt, and the flue gas pollutants adsorbed inside are precipitated after being heated to 350°C-400°C; the activated carbon analysis and regeneration system is equipped with an intelligent control system, which can monitor the parameters in the saturated activated carbon treatment process in real time and perform machine learning, so as to accurately control the analysis degree and remaining life of the activated carbon, and intelligently sort the desorbed activated carbon, the regenerated activated carbon is sent to the adsorption tower, and the inactivated activated carbon is sent to the boiler for combustion, so as to achieve zero solid waste generation in the whole process.

6. The near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The by-product preparation system can utilize the analyzed sulfur dioxide to prepare industrial salt or sulfuric acid through purification, conversion, drying and other processes according to demand.

7. The activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A single adsorption tower of the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system adopts a combination of cross-flow and counter-flow. The desulfurization section adopts cross-flow, the moving direction of the activated carbon is perpendicular to the direction of the flue gas, and the flue gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tower laterally, which reduces the resistance while ensuring the adsorption efficiency; the denitrification section adopts counter-flow, the moving direction of the activated carbon is opposite to the direction of the flue gas, and the flue gas enters the activated carbon adsorption tower from bottom to top, which improves the adsorption efficiency of nitrogen oxides; there are differences in the activated carbon used in the desulfurization section and the denitrification section. The activated carbon used in the denitrification section has a higher porosity and specific surface area, which saves costs and realizes efficient removal of pollutants; the activated carbon layers of the desulfurization section and the denitrification section are respectively equipped with corresponding activated carbon circulation equipment such as conveyor belts, which realize flexible transportation of two different activated carbons; the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system is equipped with an intelligent control system, which can monitor the parameters in the flue gas treatment process in real time, accurately control the remaining adsorption capacity and circulation speed of the activated carbon, and realize automatic replacement of saturated activated carbon.

8. The operation process of a near-zero emission all-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The coal-fired flue gas enters the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system through the flue from the boiler outlet, and then enters the electrostatic precipitator after passing through the air flow distribution device. Most of the dust in the flue gas is adsorbed by the precipitator, achieving efficient dust removal of the flue gas. The outlet dust concentration is 10mg / m 3 the following; S2. The coal-fired flue gas passes through the ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator system and then enters the heat exchange system, which reduces the flue gas temperature to below 20°C to meet the needs of subsequent activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption; S3. After the coal-fired flue gas is cooled by the heat exchange system, it enters the activated carbon desulfurization and denitrification adsorption system through the flue. The flue gas enters the adsorption tower arranged in a cross-flow manner in the desulfurization section from the side. The activated carbon layer is arranged vertically. The sulfur dioxide in the adsorption tower is adsorbed by the activated carbon when the flue gas passes through the adsorption layer. Then the flue gas enters the adsorption tower arranged in a countercurrent manner in the denitrification section. The activated carbon layer is arranged horizontally. The flue gas passes through the activated carbon layer from bottom to top to achieve flue gas denitrification. Then, the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney to complete the coal-fired flue gas treatment process; S4. After adsorption saturation, the desulfurization activated carbon and denitrification activated carbon are respectively sent to different analytical workshops of the activated carbon analytical regeneration system by the activated carbon circulation system, and the temperature is increased under a nitrogen atmosphere to analyze the adsorbed sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides, and then the activated carbon is cooled and the activity is evaluated. Finally, the regenerated activated carbon is sent back to the corresponding adsorption section of the adsorption tower according to its type, and the deactivated activated carbon is sent to the boiler for combustion; S5. The enriched sulfur dioxide enters the converter of the by-product preparation system through a pipeline, and is produced into industrial salt or sulfuric acid through purification, conversion, drying and other processes to achieve resource utilization; S6. The analyzed nitrogen oxides enter the nitrogen oxide circulation system through the pipeline, and enter the furnace through the delivery pipeline to participate in the thermal nitrogen oxide generation reaction, so that the reaction equilibrium moves in the reverse direction, inhibiting the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides, and the remaining nitrogen oxides enter the near-zero emission full-dry treatment system for flue gas pollutants based on ultra-clean electrostatic precipitator again with the flue gas, so that the nitrogen oxides are only circulated in the treatment system; S7. The control system adjusts the operating parameters of each unit according to production needs and system operating conditions to improve system operating efficiency and working stability.

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