Distributed optical fiber sensing system and optical fiber sensing equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed optical fiber sensing system and optical fiber sensing equipment, and when the optical fiber sensing equipment detects fault position information of a fault optical fiber path in the system, the optical fiber sensing equipment can be switched to a port corresponding to a target optical fiber to send a detection optical signal. As the protection optical fiber section of the target optical fiber path can just bypass the fault point of the working optical fiber section of the fault optical fiber path, and the working optical fiber section of the target optical fiber path can continue to work in other defense areas. Therefore, the reliability and robustness of the distributed optical fiber sensing system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the fields of optical communications and optical fiber sensing, and in particular, to distributed optical fiber sensing systems and optical fiber sensing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Distributed fiber optic sensing system is a system that uses optical fiber as a sensing element and a transmission signal medium. Based on the generation mechanism of Rayleigh scattering, Brillouin scattering and Raman scattering, it uses optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) technology to measure, analyze, monitor and locate physical quantities (vibration, stress, temperature) around the optical fiber. In a distributed fiber optic sensing system, the optical fiber is the sensing unit of the sensor. Therefore, the optical fiber in a distributed fiber optic sensing system is often called a sensing fiber, which is often used in long-distance sensing scenarios.

[0003] like Figure 1A As shown, the distributed fiber optic sensing system in the conventional technology mainly includes a fiber optic sensing device (e.g., an optical time domain reflectometer OTDR) and a sensing fiber. The fiber optic sensing device sends a series of optical spikes (i.e., pulsed detection light transmitted in the forward direction along the sensing fiber) to the sensing fiber. When the optical spikes encounter media with different refractive indices, scattered light signals (or reflected light signals) are generated. Then, the scattered light signals (or reflected light signals) are received by the same side as the optical spikes. Since the fiber optic sensing device can display the law of change of the optical power of the scattered light signals (or reflected light signals) over time based on the received scattered light signals (or reflected light signals), the computing device can determine the distance from the fault point in the optical fiber to the fiber optic sensing device based on the information output by the fiber optic sensing device, that is, it can locate the position of the fault point.

[0004] However, the sensing unit of the distributed optical fiber sensing system is the sensing optical fiber laid over a long distance, such as Figure 1B As shown in FIG. 1 , when the sensing optical fiber is damaged (eg, the fiber is broken), the sensing optical fiber at the fault point and the subsequent part (ie, Figure 1B The undetectable segment in the sensing fiber shown) is inoperable, resulting in failure of zone monitoring after the fault point.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve the reliability and robustness of distributed fiber optic sensing systems has become a hot topic of discussion in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a distributed optical fiber sensing system and an optical fiber sensing device, which are used to improve the reliability and robustness of the distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0007] In the first aspect, the present application provides a distributed fiber optic sensing system, which includes a fiber optic sensing device and multiple fiber optic paths. The fiber optic sensing device is connected to the multiple fiber optic paths through multiple ports, and the fiber optic paths pass through multiple defense zones. At least one of the multiple fiber optic paths includes at least one working fiber segment and at least one protective fiber segment. The working fiber segment and the protective fiber segment of the same fiber optic path are respectively located in different defense zones. The laying path of the protective fiber segment of one fiber optic path in the same defense zone is different from the laying path of the working fiber segment of another fiber optic path. In addition, the fiber optic sensing device is used to obtain the fault location information of the faulty fiber path in the multiple fiber optic paths, and the fault location information is used to indicate the defense zone where the fault point located in the working fiber segment of the faulty fiber path is located; the fiber optic sensing device is also used to send a detection optical signal through the port corresponding to the target fiber optic path, and the target fiber optic path is one of the multiple fiber optic paths, and the protective fiber segment of the target fiber optic path is located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information.

[0008] Optionally, the fault location information includes identification information of the defense zone.

[0009] Optionally, the working optical fiber segment is used to sense surrounding physical quantities, and the protection optical fiber segment is used to protect the working optical fiber segment located in the same defense zone.

[0010] In the present application, when the optical fiber sensing device detects the fault location information of the faulty optical fiber path in the system, the optical fiber sensing device can switch to the port corresponding to the target optical fiber to send a detection optical signal. Since the same defense zone is provided with a protective optical fiber segment of a optical fiber path and a working optical fiber segment of another optical fiber path, when the defense zone where the fault point located in the working optical fiber segment in the faulty optical fiber is located is determined based on the fault location information, the protective optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path to which the optical fiber sensing device switches happens to be located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information. Furthermore, since the working optical fiber segment and the protective optical fiber segment of the same optical fiber path are respectively located in different defense zones, the working optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is not in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information. Therefore, the protective optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can just bypass the fault point of the working optical fiber segment of the faulty optical fiber path, and the working optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can continue to work in other defense zones. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the reliability and robustness of the distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0011] In a possible implementation, a protection fiber segment located in one defense zone in an optical fiber path is connected to a working fiber segment located in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box. For example, a fiber core of a protection fiber segment located in one defense zone is connected to a fiber core of a working fiber segment located in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box to form an optical fiber path.

[0012] In this embodiment, since the fiber segments of adjacent defense zones are connected through a passive optical cross-connect box instead of connecting the fiber segments of adjacent defense zones through active devices, it is helpful to reduce or even avoid the dependence of the distributed optical fiber sensing system on power supply, which is conducive to the application of the distributed optical fiber sensing system in extreme scenarios without power supply. In addition, connecting the fiber segments of adjacent defense zones through a passive optical cross-connect box instead of connecting the fiber segments through optical devices such as optical switches is conducive to reducing insertion loss and improving optical signal transmission efficiency.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a working fiber segment in one defense zone in an optical fiber path is connected to a working fiber segment in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box. For example, a fiber core as a working fiber segment in one defense zone is connected to a fiber core as a working fiber segment in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box to form an optical fiber path.

[0014] In this embodiment, the working optical fiber segments used to form an optical fiber path in adjacent defense zones are connected through a passive optical cross-connect box instead of directly using a complete physical optical fiber core, which facilitates the replacement of the core of a faulty working optical fiber segment when a fault occurs in a working optical fiber segment in a defense zone.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the optical fiber sensing device is further configured to determine a port of a target optical fiber path based on the fault location information.

[0016] In the present embodiment, since the fault location information can indicate the defense zone where the fault point located in the working optical fiber segment is located, the optical fiber sensing device can accurately determine the target optical fiber that bypasses the defense zone where the fault point is located based on the fault location information, and then accurately determine the port of the target optical fiber path, which is beneficial to improving the switching efficiency of the distributed optical fiber sensing system when a fault occurs in the optical fiber path.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the optical fiber sensing device stores a first correspondence relationship, which is used to indicate the correspondence between the fault location information of the faulty optical fiber path and the port number of the target optical fiber path; the optical fiber sensing device is specifically used to determine the port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information and the first correspondence relationship.

[0018] In this embodiment, the fiber optic sensing device stores a first correspondence relationship. The fiber optic sensing device can find the port of the target fiber optic path corresponding to the fault location information based on the received fault location information of the faulty fiber optic path and the first correspondence relationship. This is beneficial for the fiber optic sensing device to quickly and accurately find the target fiber optic path that can bypass the defense zone where the fault point is located, and is beneficial for improving the switching efficiency of the distributed fiber optic sensing system when a fiber optic path fails.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the optical fiber sensing device stores an optical fiber routing table, which includes fault location information of multiple fault points and ports of candidate optical fiber paths corresponding to the fault location information of each fault point, wherein the candidate optical fiber paths are optical fiber paths that include protection optical fiber segments that bypass the fault points among the multiple optical fiber paths, and the protection optical fiber segments of different candidate optical fiber paths are located in different defense zones. Optionally, the optical fiber routing table also includes the serial number of the optical fiber path corresponding to the port of each candidate optical fiber path, also called the core serial number of the candidate optical fiber path.

[0020] In this embodiment, it is proposed that the optical fiber sensing device stores an optical fiber routing table, which configures different candidate optical fiber paths for different defense zones where the fault points are located, and each candidate optical fiber path can bypass the defense zone where the fault point is located. Therefore, when any optical fiber in the distributed optical fiber system fails, the optical fiber sensing device can always find a candidate optical fiber path that can bypass the defense zone where the fault point is located based on the optical fiber routing table as the target optical fiber path, which is conducive to ensuring the reliability and efficiency of the switching of the distributed optical fiber sensing system when the optical fiber path fails.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the plurality of optical fiber paths further include at least one first optical fiber path, and the first optical fiber path includes only a working optical fiber segment. Optionally, the optical fiber sensing device is further used to send a detection optical signal to the first optical fiber path through a port corresponding to the first optical fiber path, and receive a feedback optical signal generated by the detection optical signal transmitted by the first optical fiber path; the optical fiber sensing device is specifically used to generate fault location information based on the feedback optical signal when the first optical fiber path fails.

[0022] In this embodiment, it is proposed to set up a fiber optic path that only includes a working fiber optic segment as an initial detection fiber optic in the distributed sensing system. When the distributed sensing system is fault-free, each defense zone includes a working fiber optic segment for sensing surrounding physical quantities, which is beneficial to ensuring the sensing efficiency of the distributed sensing system.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the protection fiber segments of different fiber paths are located in different defense zones, and the length of the protection fiber segment in the same fiber path is related to the number of defense zones protected by the protection fiber segment and the length of the defense zone.

[0024] In this embodiment, it is proposed to configure the length of the protective optical fiber segment based on the number of defense zones protected by the protective optical fiber segment and the length of the defense zone, which is conducive to reasonably setting the length of the protective optical fiber segment that is immune to the destruction of one or more defense zones, and avoiding wasting optical fiber by configuring the protective optical fiber segment too long.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner, working optical fiber segments located in the same defense zone in any two optical fiber paths have the same laying path.

[0026] Optionally, the fiber cores serving as working fiber segments in the same defense zone are encapsulated in one optical cable, and the fiber cores serving as protection fiber segments in the same defense zone are encapsulated in another optical cable, and the fiber cores used to constitute the same optical fiber path between adjacent defense zones are connected through a passive optical cross-connect box.

[0027] In this implementation, working optical fiber segments located in the same defense zone are laid together, which is beneficial to improving the laying efficiency of the optical fiber and saving resources used for laying the optical fiber.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the plurality of defense zones include N defense zones, and the plurality of ports include M ports;

[0029] When the working fiber segments in no more than K of the N defense zones fail, while the remaining (NK) defense zones remain in normal operation, the number of first fiber cores is greater than or equal to The number of the second fiber cores is greater than or equal to The number of first fiber cores is the number of working fiber segments included in the same defense zone, and the number of second fiber cores is the number of protection fiber segments included in the same defense zone; M is greater than or equal to the number of first fiber paths; wherein N is an integer greater than 1, M is an integer greater than 1, K is the number of defense zones where the working fiber segments fail, K is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, and C represents the symbol of the combination number, is an integer greater than or equal to 1, is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0030] The number of first fiber cores can be understood as the number of fiber cores serving as working fiber segments in the same defense zone; the number of second fiber cores can be understood as the number of fiber cores serving as protective fiber segments in the same defense zone.

[0031] In this embodiment, a method for determining the number of first fiber cores and the number of second fiber cores is provided, which is beneficial for saving the number of fiber cores and saving fiber resources when building the fiber optic sensing system provided by the present application.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present application provides a fiber optic sensing device, which is applied to a distributed fiber optic sensing system. The distributed fiber optic sensing system includes a fiber optic sensing device and multiple fiber optic paths. The fiber optic sensing device is connected to the multiple fiber optic paths through multiple ports. The fiber optic paths pass through multiple defense zones. At least one of the multiple fiber optic paths includes at least one working fiber optic segment and at least one protective fiber optic segment. The working fiber optic segment and the protective fiber optic segment of the same fiber optic path are respectively located in different defense zones. The laying path of the protective fiber optic segment of one fiber optic path in the same defense zone is different from the laying path of the working fiber optic segment of another fiber optic path.

[0033] Among them, the optical fiber sensing device includes: a processing module, which is used to obtain the fault location information of a faulty optical fiber path among multiple optical fiber paths, and the fault location information is used to indicate the defense zone where the fault point located in the working optical fiber segment in the faulty optical fiber path is located; a transceiver module, which is used to send a detection optical signal through a port corresponding to a target optical fiber path, and the target optical fiber path is one of the multiple optical fiber paths, and the protection optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information.

[0034] Optionally, the working optical fiber segment is used to sense surrounding physical quantities, and the protection optical fiber segment is used to protect the working optical fiber segment located in the same defense zone.

[0035] In the present application, when the optical fiber sensing device detects the fault location information of the faulty optical fiber path in the system, the optical fiber sensing device can switch to the port corresponding to the target optical fiber to send a detection optical signal. Since the same defense zone is provided with a protective optical fiber segment of a optical fiber path and a working optical fiber segment of another optical fiber path, when the defense zone where the fault point located in the working optical fiber segment in the faulty optical fiber is located is determined based on the fault location information, the protective optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path to which the optical fiber sensing device switches happens to be located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information. Furthermore, since the working optical fiber segment and the protective optical fiber segment of the same optical fiber path are respectively located in different defense zones, the working optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is not in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information. Therefore, the protective optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can just bypass the fault point of the working optical fiber segment of the faulty optical fiber path, and the working optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can continue to work in other defense zones. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the reliability and robustness of the distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0036] In a possible implementation, a protection optical fiber segment located in one defense zone in an optical fiber path is connected to a working optical fiber segment located in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box.

[0037] In a possible implementation manner, the processing module is further configured to determine a port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the optical fiber sensing device stores a first correspondence relationship, which is used to indicate the correspondence between the fault location information of the faulty optical fiber path and the port of the target optical fiber path; the processing module is specifically used to determine the port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information and the first correspondence relationship.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic sensing device stores a fiber optic routing table, which includes fault location information of multiple fault points and ports of candidate fiber optic paths corresponding to the fault location information of each fault point, wherein the candidate fiber optic paths are fiber optic paths among the multiple fiber optic paths that include protective fiber optic segments that bypass the fault points, and the protective fiber optic segments of different candidate fiber optic paths are located in different defense zones.

[0040] In a possible implementation manner, the optical fiber routing table further includes the sequence number of the optical fiber path corresponding to the port of each candidate optical fiber path, also referred to as the core sequence number of the candidate optical fiber path.

[0041] In one possible embodiment, the multiple optical fiber paths also include at least one first optical fiber path, and the first optical fiber path only includes a working optical fiber segment; the transceiver module is also used to send a detection optical signal to the first optical fiber path through a port corresponding to the first optical fiber path, and receive a feedback optical signal generated by the detection optical signal transmitted by the first optical fiber path; the processing module is specifically used to generate fault location information based on the feedback optical signal when the first optical fiber path fails.

[0042] In a possible implementation manner, the fault location information includes identification information of the defense zone.

[0043] In a possible implementation manner, working optical fiber segments located in the same defense zone in any two optical fiber paths have the same laying path.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the fiber cores serving as working fiber segments in the same defense zone are encapsulated in one optical cable, and the fiber cores serving as protective fiber segments in the same defense zone are encapsulated in another optical cable. The fiber cores used to form the same optical fiber path between adjacent defense zones are connected through a passive optical cross-connect box.

[0045] In a possible implementation, the protection fiber segments of different fiber paths are located in different defense zones, and the length of the protection fiber segment in the same fiber path is related to the number of defense zones protected by the protection fiber segment and the length of the defense zone.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the plurality of defense zones include N defense zones, and the plurality of ports include M ports;

[0047] When the working fiber segments in no more than K of the N defense zones fail, while the remaining (NK) defense zones remain in normal operation, the number of first fiber cores is greater than or equal to The number of the second fiber cores is greater than or equal to The number of first fiber cores is the number of working fiber segments included in the same defense zone, and the number of second fiber cores is the number of protection fiber segments included in the same defense zone; M is greater than or equal to the number of first fiber paths; wherein N is an integer greater than 1, M is an integer greater than 1, K is the number of defense zones where the working fiber segments fail, K is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, and C represents the symbol of the combination number, is an integer greater than or equal to 1, is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0048] It should be noted that there are many other specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application. Please refer to the specific implementations of the first aspect and their beneficial effects for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0049] In a third aspect, the present application provides a sensing optical fiber protection method, which is applied to a distributed optical fiber sensing system, wherein the distributed optical fiber sensing system includes an optical fiber sensing device and multiple optical fiber paths, the optical fiber sensing device is connected to the multiple optical fiber paths through multiple ports, the optical fiber paths pass through multiple defense zones, at least one optical fiber path among the multiple optical fiber paths includes at least one working optical fiber segment and at least one protection optical fiber segment, the working optical fiber segment and the protection optical fiber segment of the same optical fiber path are respectively located in different defense zones, and the laying path of the protection optical fiber segment of one optical fiber path in the same defense zone is different from the laying path of the working optical fiber segment of another optical fiber path;

[0050] In the sensing optical fiber protection method, the optical fiber sensing device can obtain the fault location information of a faulty optical fiber path among multiple optical fiber paths, and the fault location information is used to indicate the protection zone where the fault point located in the working optical fiber segment in the faulty optical fiber path is located; then, after receiving the fault location information, the optical fiber sensing device sends a detection optical signal through a port corresponding to a target optical fiber path, the target optical fiber path is one of the multiple optical fiber paths, and the protection optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is located in the protection zone indicated by the fault location information.

[0051] Optionally, the working optical fiber segment is used to sense surrounding physical quantities, and the protection optical fiber segment is used to protect the working optical fiber segment located in the same defense zone.

[0052] In the present application, when the optical fiber sensing device detects the fault location information of the faulty optical fiber path in the system, the optical fiber sensing device can switch to the port corresponding to the target optical fiber to send a detection optical signal. Since the same defense zone is provided with a protective optical fiber segment of a optical fiber path and a working optical fiber segment of another optical fiber path, when the defense zone where the fault point located in the working optical fiber segment in the faulty optical fiber is located is determined based on the fault location information, the protective optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path to which the optical fiber sensing device switches happens to be located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information. Furthermore, since the working optical fiber segment and the protective optical fiber segment of the same optical fiber path are respectively located in different defense zones, the working optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is not in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information. Therefore, the protective optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can just bypass the fault point of the working optical fiber segment of the faulty optical fiber path, and the working optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can continue to work in other defense zones. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the reliability and robustness of the distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0053] In a possible implementation, a protection optical fiber segment located in one defense zone in an optical fiber path is connected to a working optical fiber segment located in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box.

[0054] In a possible implementation, before the optical fiber sensing device sends the detection light signal through the port corresponding to the target optical fiber path, the optical fiber sensing device determines the port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the optical fiber sensing device stores a first correspondence relationship, and the first correspondence relationship is used to indicate the correspondence relationship between the fault location information of the fault optical fiber path and the port of the target optical fiber path. The optical fiber sensing device determines the port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information, including: the optical fiber sensing device determines the port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information and the first correspondence relationship.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic sensing device stores a fiber optic routing table, which includes fault location information of multiple fault points and ports of candidate fiber optic paths corresponding to the fault location information of each fault point. The candidate fiber optic paths are fiber optic paths among the multiple fiber optic paths that include protective fiber optic segments that bypass the fault points. The protective fiber optic segments of different candidate fiber optic paths are located in different defense zones.

[0057] In a possible implementation manner, the optical fiber routing table further includes the sequence number of the optical fiber path corresponding to the port of each candidate optical fiber path, also referred to as the core sequence number of the candidate optical fiber path.

[0058] In a possible implementation, the plurality of optical fiber paths further include at least one first optical fiber path, and the first optical fiber path includes only a working optical fiber segment.

[0059] In one possible implementation, a fiber optic sensing device is capable of obtaining fault location information of a faulty fiber optic path among multiple fiber optic paths, including: the fiber optic sensing device sends a detection optical signal to the first fiber optic path through a port corresponding to the first fiber optic path, and receives a feedback optical signal generated by the detection optical signal transmitted by the first fiber optic path; when the first fiber optic path fails, the fiber optic sensing device generates fault location information based on the feedback optical signal.

[0060] In a possible implementation manner, the fault location information includes identification information of the defense zone.

[0061] In a possible implementation, the length of the protection optical fiber segment in the same optical fiber path is related to the number of defense zones protected by the protection optical fiber segment and the length of the defense zones.

[0062] In a possible implementation manner, working optical fiber segments located in the same defense zone in any two optical fiber paths have the same laying path.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the fiber cores serving as working fiber segments in the same defense zone are encapsulated in one optical cable, and the fiber cores serving as protective fiber segments in the same defense zone are encapsulated in another optical cable. The fiber cores used to form the same optical fiber path between adjacent defense zones are connected through a passive optical cross-connect box.

[0064] In a possible implementation manner, the plurality of defense zones include N defense zones, the plurality of ports include M ports; when a working optical fiber segment in no more than K defense zones among the N defense zones fails, while the remaining (NK) defense zones are kept working normally, the number of the first fiber cores is greater than or equal to The number of the second fiber cores is greater than or equal to The number of first fiber cores is the number of working fiber segments included in the same defense zone, and the number of second fiber cores is the number of protection fiber segments included in the same defense zone; M is greater than or equal to the number of first fiber paths; wherein N is an integer greater than 1, M is an integer greater than 1, K is the number of defense zones where the working fiber segments fail, K is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, and C represents the symbol of the combination number, is an integer greater than or equal to 1, is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0065] It should be noted that there are many other specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application. Please refer to the specific implementations of the first aspect and their beneficial effects for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0066] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a device, which may be an integrated circuit chip. The integrated circuit chip includes a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory, and the memory is used to store a program or instruction. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the device executes the method described in any one of the embodiments of the third aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] Figure 1A This is a structural example diagram of a fiber optic sensing system in traditional technology;

[0068] Figure 1B Another structural example diagram of the optical fiber sensing system in the traditional technology;

[0069] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a distributed optical fiber sensing system in the present application;

[0070] Figure 3A An example diagram of the laying method of the working optical fiber segment and the protection optical fiber segment in this application;

[0071] Figure 3B Another exemplary diagram of the laying method of the working optical fiber segment and the protection optical fiber segment in the present application;

[0072] Figure 4A An example diagram of connecting optical fiber segments in different defense zones through a passive optical cross-connect box in this application;

[0073] Figure 4B Another example diagram of optical fiber segments in different defense zones being connected through a passive optical cross-connect box in this application;

[0074] Figure 5 An example diagram of a process executed when a fiber optic sensing device in the present application detects a fault point;

[0075] Fig. 6A An example diagram of a distributed optical fiber sensing system that is immune to destruction of one defense zone in this application;

[0076] Figure 6B An example diagram of a distributed optical fiber sensing system that is immune to 1-2 defense zone damage in this application;

[0077] Figure 7 Another example diagram of the process executed when the optical fiber sensing device in the present application detects a fault point;

[0078] Fig. 8A This is an example diagram of an application scenario of the distributed optical fiber sensing system in this application;

[0079] Figure 8B This is another example diagram of an application scenario of the distributed optical fiber sensing system in this application;

[0080] Figure 8C This is another example diagram of an application scenario of the distributed optical fiber sensing system in this application;

[0081] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the optical fiber sensing device in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0083] In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or provided for in any logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between the different embodiments are consistent and may be referenced to each other, and the technical features in the different embodiments may be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0084] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0085] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0086] For ease of understanding, some of the terms involved in this application are briefly introduced below:

[0087] Defense area / fortified place: It is a geographical range or physical distance describing the location of the alarm event. The length of a defense area can be divided according to the physical distance of the geographical range to be protected, or according to the length of the actual sensing fiber, which is not limited in this application. The lengths of different defense areas can be the same or different.

[0088] Detection perimeter: also called detection boundary, in this application, refers to the boundary of the laying of the sensing optical fiber in the distributed optical fiber sensing system, and can also be understood as the boundary of the range to be detected by the sensing optical fiber.

[0089] The present application provides a distributed optical fiber sensing system and an optical fiber sensing device, which are used to improve the reliability and robustness of the distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0090] like Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 provided in the present application. The distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 mainly includes an optical fiber sensing device 01 and multiple optical fiber paths 02. The optical fiber sensing device 01 is connected to the multiple optical fiber paths 02 through multiple ports.

[0091] The following first introduces the multiple optical fiber paths 02 in the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00:

[0092] like Figure 2 As shown, the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 includes multiple optical fiber paths 02, such as path 0, path 1, path 2, and path 3. The multiple optical fiber paths 02 pass through multiple defense zones. For example, Figure 2 The multiple optical fiber paths shown, such as path 0, path 1, path 2, and path 3, pass through multiple defense zones such as defense zone #a, defense zone #b, and defense zone #c in sequence. It should be noted that in this application, optical fiber path 02 is used to describe a logical path that can transmit a detection optical signal and generate a feedback optical signal. An optical fiber path 02 can be implemented by a complete sensing optical fiber, or it can be implemented by at least two sections of sensing optical fibers connected by passive optical devices, which is not limited here.

[0093] Among them, at least one optical fiber path 02 among the multiple optical fiber paths 02 includes a working optical fiber segment and a protection optical fiber segment. Figure 2 The path 1 shown includes a protection fiber segment a, and the rest of the path 1 except the protection fiber segment a is a working fiber segment. Optionally, each of the at least one fiber path 02 includes at least one working fiber segment and at least one protection fiber segment. For example, Figure 2The path 2 shown includes a protection fiber segment b and a protection fiber segment d. In addition, the path 2 also includes a working fiber segment located in defense zone #a and working fiber segments of other defense zones located after defense zone #c. Optionally, the multiple sensing optical fibers 02 may also include a fiber path that includes only a working fiber segment (hereinafter referred to as the first fiber path), that is, a fiber path that does not include a protection fiber segment. For ease of introduction, the fiber path that includes the working fiber segment and the protection fiber segment is referred to as the second fiber path. Exemplarily, the fiber optic sensing device 01 in the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 is connected to at least one first fiber path and at least one second fiber path through multiple ports. For example, as Figure 2 As shown, path 0 only includes the working fiber segment, that is, path 0 is the first fiber path; path 1, path 2 and path 3 respectively include the working fiber segment and the protection fiber segment, that is, path 1, path 2 and path 3 are all second fiber paths.

[0094] Among them, the working fiber segment is a fiber segment used to sense the surrounding physical quantities, that is, the working fiber segment is a fiber segment that can sense changes in physical quantities such as vibration, stress, and temperature. Therefore, the working fiber segment is generally laid in a position where changes in physical quantities such as vibration, stress, and temperature may exist, that is, it is exposed to a detection environment where the aforementioned physical quantities may change, and is hereinafter referred to as the working fiber segment laid on the exposed surface. The protection fiber segment is a fiber segment that is not used to sense the surrounding physical quantities, and is mainly used to ensure the connectivity of the fiber path across multiple defense zones. Therefore, the protection fiber segment is generally laid in a relatively concealed position that is less likely to be damaged due to potential intrusion, and is hereinafter referred to as the protection fiber segment laid on the non-exposed surface. Generally speaking, the working fiber segment is more easily damaged than the protection fiber segment.

[0095] For ease of understanding, the working fiber segment and the protection fiber segment are introduced by taking the detection perimeter as a fence as an example. Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown in FIG. 1 , it is an example diagram of the distribution of the working fiber segment and the protection fiber of the fiber path in the scenario where the detection perimeter is a fence. Among them, the working fiber segment is the fiber segment wrapped around the fence and is used to sense potential intrusion near the fence. Figure 3A As shown, the protective fiber segment can be a fiber segment laid underground. Compared with the working fiber segment wrapped around the fence, the protective fiber segment buried underground is less likely to be touched or damaged (for example, cut or bent) by an intruder. Figure 3B As shown, the protection fiber segment can be a fiber segment laid on the ground inside the fence. Since an intruder needs to climb over the fence and reach the range inside the fence before he has the opportunity to touch or damage (for example, cut or bend) the protection fiber segment, compared with the working fiber segment wrapped around the fence, the protection fiber segment laid on the ground inside the fence is less likely to be touched or damaged (for example, cut or bend) by an intruder.

[0096] In addition, the working fiber segment and the protection fiber segment of the same fiber path 02 are located in different defense zones. Figure 2 As shown, the protection fiber segment of path 1 (i.e., protection fiber segment a) is located in defense zone #a, while the working fiber segment of fiber 1 is distributed in other defense zones (e.g., defense zone #b and defense zone #c, etc.) except defense zone #a. For another example, the protection fiber segment of path 2 (i.e., protection fiber segment b and protection fiber segment d) is located in defense zone #b, while the working fiber segment of path 2 is distributed in other defense zones (e.g., defense zones #a and other defense zones after defense zone #c) except defense zone #b and defense zone #c. And so on, which will not be listed here one by one.

[0097] In addition, the laying path of the protection fiber segment of one optical fiber path in the same defense zone is different from the laying path of the working fiber segment of another optical fiber path. That is to say, the protection fiber segment of one optical fiber path and the working fiber segment of another optical fiber path can be laid in one defense zone at the same time. In this case, the laying path of the protection fiber segment and the laying path of the working fiber segment in the defense zone are configured as different laying paths, so that when the working fiber segment in the defense zone is destroyed, the protection fiber segment will not be destroyed at the same time, and then the protection fiber segment in the defense zone can serve as the protection path of the destroyed working fiber segment. Among them, the laying path refers to the axial extension direction of the laid optical fiber. If two optical fibers are co-cabled (that is, the two optical fibers are encapsulated in the same optical cable), the laying paths of the two optical fibers are the same; if the two optical fibers are not co-cabled (that is, the two optical fibers are encapsulated in two different optical cables), the laying paths of the two optical fibers may be the same (for example, the two optical cables are buried in the same trench), or they may be different (for example, the two optical cables are buried in two trenches extending in different directions (or angles)). The laying method refers to the physical location where the sensing optical fiber is placed. For example, hanging rail laying, hanging wall laying, buried underground laying and buried wall laying, etc.

[0098] Optionally, the laying path of the working optical fiber segment is different from that of the protection optical fiber segment, which can be understood as encapsulating the two optical fiber segments into different optical cables, with a certain distance between the two optical cables (for example, the two optical cables are buried in different trenches). When the optical cable encapsulating the working optical fiber segment is damaged (for example, cut or bent), the protection optical fiber segment in the other optical cable may not be damaged at the same time. Optionally, the laying paths of the working optical fiber segment and the protection optical fiber segment are different, which can be further understood as encapsulating the two optical fiber segments into different optical cables and laying them in different ways. For example, in a certain defense zone, the working optical fiber segment is encapsulated in optical cable #A and laid in a hanging rail method; the protection optical fiber segment is encapsulated in optical cable #B and laid underground. When the working optical fiber segment laid in a hanging rail method is damaged (for example, cut or bent), the protection optical fiber segment laid underground may not be damaged at the same time.

[0099] For example, Figure 2 As shown, in addition to the protection fiber segment b of path 2, defense zone #b also has working fiber segments of other fiber paths (e.g., working fiber segments of path 1, etc.), and the laying path of the protection fiber segment b of path 2 is different from the laying path of the working fiber segment of path 1. The protection fiber segment b of path 2 in defense zone #b is laid on a non-exposed surface (e.g., Figure 3A As shown, the protective optical fiber segment is laid underground instead of being wrapped around the fence; for example, Figure 3B The protective fiber segment is laid on the ground inside the fence instead of being wrapped around the fence), while the working fiber segments of other fiber paths in defense zone #b (e.g., the working fiber segments of path 1) are laid on an exposed surface (e.g., Figure 3A and Figure 3B (As shown, the working optical fiber segment is wound around the fence.) When the working optical fiber segment in the defense zone #b in the path 1 is damaged, the protection optical fiber segment b in the defense zone #b can serve as a protection path for the damaged working optical fiber segment.

[0100] It can be seen from this that the working optical fiber segment is used to sense surrounding physical quantities in the defense zone where the working optical fiber segment is located, and the protection optical fiber segment is used to serve as a protection path for the working optical fiber segment of another optical fiber path in the defense zone where the protection optical fiber segment is located, that is, the protection optical fiber segment is used to protect the working optical fiber segment located in the same defense zone.

[0101] It should be noted that the aforementioned working fiber segment and the aforementioned protection fiber segment are logical concepts proposed to describe the fiber ranges of different functions or roles on the fiber path. For example, the portion of a complete sensing fiber used to sense the surrounding physical quantity is called the working fiber segment, and the portion of the sensing fiber used to realize the backup or protection function is called the protection fiber segment, that is, the working fiber segment and the protection fiber segment in a fiber path can be different areas of a complete fiber path. Of course, the protection fiber segment and the working fiber segment can also be two independent sensing fibers, and the protection fiber segment and the working fiber segment are connected to form a fiber path through passive devices. In addition, a protection fiber segment can also be formed by at least one sensing fiber connected in series through passive devices, and a working fiber segment can also be formed by at least one sensing fiber connected in series through passive devices. This is not limited here, and the following text will only introduce the "protection fiber segment" and "working fiber segment" as examples.

[0102] Optionally, the protection fiber segments of different fiber paths are located in different defense zones, and the length of the protection fiber segment in the same fiber path is related to the number of defense zones protected by the protection fiber segment and the length of the defense zone. Figure 2As shown, the protection fiber segment of path 1 is located in defense zone #a, and the protection fiber segment of path 2 is located in defense zone #b and defense zone #c, wherein the length of the protection fiber segment of path 1 is related to the length of defense zone #a, and the length of the protection fiber segment of path 2 is related to the length of defense zone #b and defense zone #c.

[0103] Optionally, the working fiber segments in the same defense zone in any two fiber paths have the same laying path. Exemplarily, the working fiber segments in the same defense zone in any two fiber paths are laid in the same optical cable. Figure 2 As shown, the working optical fiber segment of path 0 and the working optical fiber segment of path 2 in defense zone #a can be laid together. Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the working optical fiber segment of path 0 and the working optical fiber segment of path 1 in defense zone #b can be laid together. Figure 2 As shown, the working fiber segments of path 0, path 1, and path 3 in defense zone #c can be laid together. Laying the working fiber segments in the same defense zone together is conducive to improving the laying efficiency of the optical fiber and saving resources used for laying the optical fiber.

[0104] Optionally, the laying paths of the protection fiber segments located in the same defense zone in any two fiber paths are the same. Exemplarily, the protection fiber segments located in the same defense zone in any two fiber paths are laid in the same optical cable. Figure 2 As shown, the protection fiber segment a of path 1 and the protection fiber segment c of path 3 in defense zone #a can be laid in the same cable. Figure 2 As shown, the protection fiber segment b of path 2 and the protection fiber segment c of path 3 in defense zone #b can be laid together. Laying the protection fiber segments in the same defense zone together is conducive to improving the laying efficiency of the optical fiber and saving resources used for laying the optical fiber.

[0105] In addition, the fiber segments between adjacent defense zones are connected via passive components such as passive optical cross-connect boxes. Optionally, the junction of two adjacent defense zones is cross-connected by a passive optical cross-connect box to connect the fiber cores located in the two defense zones.

[0106] In a possible implementation, a protection fiber segment in one defense zone in an optical fiber path is connected to a working fiber segment in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box. For example, a fiber core of a protection fiber segment in one defense zone is connected to a fiber core of a working fiber segment in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box to form an optical fiber path. For example, Figure 4AAs shown, defense zone i and defense zone (i+1) are two adjacent defense zones. Among them, the working fiber segment in defense zone i in path #2 is connected with the protection fiber segment in defense zone (i+1) through passive optical cross-box i, that is, the fiber core of the working fiber segment in defense zone i and the fiber core of the protection fiber segment in defense zone (i+1) are connected through passive optical cross-box i to form path #2; the protection fiber segment in defense zone i in path #3 is connected with the working fiber segment in defense zone (i+1) through passive optical cross-box i, that is, the fiber core of the protection fiber segment in defense zone i and the fiber core of the working fiber segment in defense zone (i+1) are connected through passive optical cross-box i to form path #3.

[0107] Optionally, a working fiber segment in one defense zone in an optical fiber path is connected to a working fiber segment in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box. For example, a fiber core as a working fiber segment in one defense zone is connected to a fiber core as a working fiber segment in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box to form an optical fiber path. For example, Figure 4A As shown, defense zone i and defense zone (i+1) are two adjacent defense zones. Among them, the working fiber segment located in defense zone i in path #1 is connected with the working fiber segment located in defense zone (i+1) through passive optical cross-box i, that is, the fiber core of the working fiber segment in defense zone i and the fiber core of the working fiber segment in defense zone (i+1) are connected through passive optical cross-box i to form path #1. It should be understood that the working fiber segments of adjacent defense zones used to form an optical fiber path are connected through passive optical cross-boxes instead of directly using a complete physical fiber core, so as to facilitate the replacement of the core of the failed working fiber segment when a working fiber segment in a certain defense zone fails.

[0108] Optionally, a protection fiber segment located in one defense zone in an optical fiber path is connected to a protection fiber segment located in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box. For example, a fiber core located in one defense zone as a protection fiber segment is connected to a fiber core located in another adjacent defense zone as a protection fiber segment through a passive optical cross-connect box to form an optical fiber path. For example, Figure 4A As shown, defense zone i and defense zone (i+1) are two adjacent defense zones. Among them, the protection fiber segment located in defense zone i in path #4 is connected with the protection fiber segment located in defense zone (i+1) through passive optical cross-connect box i, that is, the fiber core of the protection fiber segment in defense zone i and the fiber core of the protection fiber segment in defense zone (i+1) are connected through passive optical cross-connect box i to form path #4.

[0109] For example, in the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00, the laying paths of the working optical fiber segments in the same defense zone in any two optical fiber paths are the same, and the laying paths of the protection optical fiber segments in the same defense zone in any two optical fiber paths are the same. In addition, the optical fiber segments between adjacent defense zones are connected by passive components such as passive optical cross-linking boxes, that is, the fiber cores used to form the same optical fiber path between adjacent defense zones are connected by passive optical cross-linking boxes. The distributed optical fiber system 00 can be as follows: Figure 4B As shown. Figure 4B In the example shown, the fiber cores of the working fiber segments in each defense zone are encapsulated in optical cable 1, and the fiber cores of the protection fiber segments in each defense zone are encapsulated in optical cable 2. Moreover, the fiber cores of adjacent defense zones are connected through a passive optical cross-connect box to connect each optical fiber path.

[0110] Since the fiber segments of adjacent defense zones are connected through a passive optical cross-connect box instead of through active devices, it is helpful to reduce or even avoid the dependence of the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 on power supply, which is conducive to the application of the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 in extreme scenarios without power supply. In addition, connecting the fiber segments of adjacent defense zones through a passive optical cross-connect box instead of connecting the fiber segments through optical devices such as optical switches is conducive to reducing insertion loss and improving the efficiency of optical signal transmission.

[0111] The above describes the multiple optical fiber paths 02 in the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00. Figure 5 The optical fiber sensing device 01 in the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 is introduced as follows:

[0112] like Figure 5 As shown, when the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 is working, the optical fiber sensing device 01 will perform the following functions:

[0113] Step 501: The optical fiber sensing device obtains fault location information of a faulty optical fiber path among multiple optical fiber paths.

[0114] The fault location information is used to indicate the defense zone where the fault point in the faulty optical fiber path is located. Optionally, the fault location information is used to indicate the defense zone where the fault point in the working optical fiber segment in the faulty optical fiber path is located. For example, the fault location information is identification information of the defense zone.

[0115] In addition, the fault location information is determined based on a feedback optical signal generated by a detection optical signal transmitted by the faulty optical fiber path. Exemplarily, the optical fiber sensing device is used to send a detection optical signal to one of the aforementioned multiple optical fiber paths and receive a feedback optical signal generated by the detection optical signal in the optical fiber path, and then determine whether there is a fault in the optical fiber path and determine the location of the fault based on the feedback optical signal. For example, the optical fiber sensing device transmits a detection optical signal to a first optical fiber path (e.g., Figure 2The port corresponding to the path 0) shown in the figure sends a detection optical signal to the first optical fiber path, and receives a feedback optical signal generated by the detection optical signal transmitted by the first optical fiber path; in the event of a failure in the first optical fiber path, fault location information is generated based on the feedback optical signal. In this example, the first optical fiber path is the faulty optical fiber path. Assume that the fault point of the first optical fiber path is located at Figure 2 For the defense zone #a shown, the fault location information generated by the optical fiber sensing device is the identification information of the defense zone #a.

[0116] Step 502: The optical fiber sensing device determines the port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information.

[0117] The target optical fiber path is one of the multiple optical fiber paths, and the protection optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information. That is to say, the optical fiber sensing device selects a optical fiber path with a protection optical fiber segment located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information from the multiple optical fiber paths as the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information, that is, the protection optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can just bypass the location of the fault point of the working optical fiber segment of the faulty optical fiber path, so as to ensure that when the working optical fiber segment of the faulty optical fiber path is damaged, the protection optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is not damaged. For example, Figure 2 For example, if the faulty optical fiber path is path 0, and the fault location information includes the identification information of defense zone #a, the optical fiber sensing device determines that path 1 is the target optical fiber based on the identification information of defense zone #a, and the protection optical fiber segment of path 1 (i.e., protection optical fiber segment a) is located in defense zone #a where the fault point is located.

[0118] In a possible implementation, the optical fiber sensing device stores a first correspondence relationship, which is used to indicate the correspondence between the fault location information of the faulty optical fiber path and the port number of the target optical fiber path. The optical fiber sensing device determines the port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information and the first correspondence relationship.

[0119] Exemplarily, the optical fiber sensing device stores an optical fiber routing table, which includes fault location information of multiple fault points and port numbers of candidate optical fiber paths corresponding to the fault location information of each fault point. The candidate optical fiber paths are optical fiber paths that include protection optical fiber segments that bypass the fault point among the multiple optical fiber paths, and the protection optical fiber segments of different candidate optical fiber paths are located in different defense zones.

[0120] Exemplarily, if the optical fiber routing table includes the fault location information of the fault point and the port number of the candidate optical fiber path, the optical fiber routing table may be as shown in the following Table 1-1:

[0121] Table 1-1

[0122] Fault location information of the fault point The port number of the candidate fiber path Defense zone #a Port 1 Zone #b Port 2 Zone #c Port 3 ... ...

[0123] In the example shown in Table 1-1, if the optical fiber sensing device detects that the fault point of the optical fiber path currently transmitting the detection optical signal is in defense zone #a, the optical fiber sensing device searches the optical fiber routing table to determine that the port number corresponding to defense zone #a is port 1, and then the optical fiber sensing device determines that the port number corresponding to the target optical fiber is port 1. For another example, if the optical fiber sensing device detects that the fault point of the optical fiber path currently transmitting the detection optical signal is in defense zone #b, the optical fiber sensing device searches the optical fiber routing table to determine that the port number corresponding to defense zone #b is port 2, and then the optical fiber sensing device determines that the port number corresponding to the target optical fiber is port 2. And so on, which will not be elaborated here.

[0124] Optionally, the optical fiber routing table also includes the core number of each optical fiber path, that is, the number of the optical fiber path corresponding to the port of the candidate optical fiber path. Exemplarily, if the optical fiber routing table includes the fault location information of the fault point, the port number of the candidate optical fiber path and the core number of each optical fiber path, the optical fiber routing table can be as shown in the following Table 1-2:

[0125] Table 1-2

[0126] Fault location information of the fault point The port number of the candidate fiber path The core number of the optical fiber path Defense zone #a Port 1 Core 1 Zone #b Port 2 Core 2 Zone #c Port 3 Core 3 ... ... ...

[0127] In the example shown in Table 1-2, if the optical fiber sensing device detects that the fault point of the optical fiber path currently transmitting the detection optical signal is in defense zone #a, the optical fiber sensing device searches the optical fiber routing table to determine that the core number of the optical fiber path that can bypass defense zone #a is core 1, and then based on the port number corresponding to core 1 being port 1, the optical fiber sensing device determines that the port number corresponding to the target optical fiber is port 1. And so on, which will not be elaborated here.

[0128] Step 503: The optical fiber sensing device switches the port for sending the detection optical signal to the port corresponding to the target optical fiber path, and sends the detection optical signal through the port corresponding to the target optical fiber path.

[0129] After determining the port corresponding to the target optical fiber path, the optical fiber sensing device switches the port for sending the detection light signal to the port corresponding to the target optical fiber path, and sends the detection light signal through the port corresponding to the target optical fiber path, so that the target optical fiber path acts as a new sensing element to sense changes in peripheral physical quantities.

[0130] In the present application, when the optical fiber sensing device detects the fault location information of the faulty optical fiber path in the system, the optical fiber sensing device can determine the port of the target optical fiber based on the fault location information, and switch to the port corresponding to the target optical fiber to send the detection optical signal. Since the same defense zone is provided with a protective optical fiber segment of an optical fiber path and a working optical fiber segment of another optical fiber path, when the defense zone where the fault point located in the working optical fiber segment in the faulty optical fiber is located is determined based on the fault location information, the protective optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path to which the optical fiber sensing device switches is exactly located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information. Furthermore, since the working optical fiber segment and the protective optical fiber segment of the same optical fiber path are respectively located in different defense zones, and the protective optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information, the working optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is not in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information. Therefore, the protective optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can just bypass the fault point of the working optical fiber segment of the faulty optical fiber path, and the working optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can continue to work in other defense zones. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the reliability and robustness of the distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0131] It should be noted that, based on the different numbers of defense zones that the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 needs to be immunized, the laying paths and methods of the multiple fiber optic paths 02 in the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 are also different, and thus the correspondence between the fault location information of the fault point contained in the aforementioned fiber optic routing table and the port number of the candidate fiber optic path is also different.

[0132] In a possible implementation, the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 protects a total of N defense zones and is immune to K defense zones, that is, when no more than K of the N defense zones have working fiber segments that fail, there is at least one fiber path that allows the remaining (NK) defense zones to maintain normal operation. Wherein, N is an integer greater than 1, K is the number of defense zones with working fiber segment failures, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N. In this case, if the last defense zone (i.e., defense zone No. N) does not need to be protected, the number of working fiber segments contained in the same defense zone (i.e., the number of first fiber cores) and the number of protection fiber segments contained in the same defense zone (i.e., the number of second fiber cores) need to meet the following requirements:

[0133] The number of the first fiber cores is greater than or equal to And, the number of the second fiber cores is greater than or equal to Among them, C represents the combination number symbol, is an integer greater than or equal to 1, is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0134] in, It represents the minimum number of fiber cores required as working fiber segments to immunize any K defense zones from the first (N-1) defense zones against faults. The meaning of each item in is as follows:

[0135] Item 1 (ie 1): indicates that among the first (N-1) defense zones, when none of the defense zones needs protection (ie none of the defense zones needs to lay a protective optical fiber segment), only one optical fiber core is needed, and the entire optical fiber core is used as a working optical fiber segment.

[0136] Item 2 (i.e. is an integer greater than or equal to 1): It means that among the first (N-1) defense zones, any one defense zone is selected for protection (i.e. any one defense zone is selected for laying the protection fiber segment). That is, the working fiber segment needs to be on the same fiber path as the protection fiber segment of any one defense zone. Root fiber core.

[0137] Item 3 (i.e. is an integer greater than or equal to 1): indicates that among the first (N-1) defense zones, any two defense zones are selected for protection (i.e., any two defense zones are selected for laying protective fiber segments). That is, the working fiber segment needs to be on the same fiber path as the protective fiber segments of any two defense zones. Root fiber core.

[0138] By analogy, the K+1th (i.e. (integer greater than or equal to 1) item: It means that from the first (N-1) defense zones, K defense zones are randomly selected for protection (i.e., K defense zones are randomly selected for laying protection fiber segments). That is, the working fiber segment needs to be on the same fiber path as the protection fiber segments of any K defense zones. Root fiber core.

[0139] also, It represents the minimum number of fiber cores required as the protection fiber segment when immunizing any K defense zones from the first (N-1) defense zones to detect faults. The meaning of each item is as follows:

[0140] Item 1 (i.e. 1): means that if one of the first (N-1) defense zones is selected for protection (i.e., a protection fiber segment is laid in any one defense zone), the protection fiber segment of each defense zone does not need to pass through the protection fiber segments of any N-2 other defense zones. Therefore, each defense zone needs to lay Root fiber core.

[0141] Item 2 (i.e. is an integer greater than or equal to 1): It means that among the first (N-1) defense zones, if any two defense zones are selected for protection (i.e., any two defense zones are selected for laying protection fiber segments), the protection fiber segment of each defense zone needs to be on the same fiber path as the protection fiber segment of any one of the other N-2 defense zones. Therefore, each defense zone needs to lay Root fiber core.

[0142] Item 3 (i.e. is an integer greater than or equal to 1): It means that among the first (N-1) defense zones, 3 defense zones are randomly selected for protection (i.e., 3 defense zones are randomly selected for laying protection fiber segments). Then, the protection fiber segment of each defense zone needs to be on the same fiber path as the protection fiber segments of any 2 defense zones in the other N-2 defense zones. Therefore, each defense zone needs to lay Root fiber core.

[0143] By analogy, the Kth item (i.e. is an integer greater than or equal to 1): It means that among the first (N-1) defense zones, K defense zones are randomly selected for protection (i.e., K defense zones are randomly selected for laying protective fiber segments). Then, the protective fiber segments of each defense zone also need to be on the same fiber path as the protective fiber segments of any K-1 defense zones of the other N-2 defense zones. Therefore, each defense zone needs to lay Root fiber core.

[0144] In addition, the number of ports M of the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 is greater than or equal to the number of the first optical fiber paths.

[0145] The following is an introduction with specific examples:

[0146] In one example, when K=1, the number of first fiber cores is at least equal to The number of the second fiber cores is at least equal to 1, indicating that when the working fiber segment in any one of the N defense zones fails, if there is always at least one fiber path in the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 to keep the remaining (N-1) defense zones working normally, at least N fiber cores are laid in one defense zone as working fiber segments, and at least 1 fiber core is laid in the defense zone as a protection fiber segment. Optionally, at least N fiber cores are required in total, and the 1 fiber core used as the protection fiber segment can be cut from the N fiber cores used as the working fiber segments.

[0147] For example, Fig. 6AAs shown, K=1, the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 requires at least N fiber cores to form N fiber paths, wherein the N fiber cores are used to form the working fiber segments in the N fiber paths, and one fiber core among the N fiber cores is used to form the protection fiber segments in the (N-1) fiber paths. For example, the No. 1 fiber core among the N fiber cores is connected to port 1 and runs through defense zone No. 1 to defense zone No. N, forming path 1 that does not include the protection fiber segment. For another example, the No. 2 fiber core among the N fiber cores is divided into two segments, one end of one fiber core is connected to port 2, and the other end is connected to the fiber core that serves as the protection fiber segment in defense zone No. 1, and the other fiber core runs through defense zone No. 2 to defense zone No. N. In this example, two segments of No. 2 fiber cores and one segment of fiber core that serves as the protection fiber segment in defense zone No. 1 form path 2 that is immune to damage to defense zone No. 1. For another example, the No. 3 fiber core among the N fiber cores is divided into two sections, one end of one fiber core is connected to port 3, and the other end is connected to the fiber core as the protection fiber segment in defense zone 2, and the other fiber core runs through defense zone 3 to defense zone N. In this example, the two No. 3 fiber cores and one fiber core as the protection fiber segment in defense zone 2 constitute path 3 that is immune to the destruction of defense zone 2. And so on, it will not be repeated here.

[0148] For example, Fig. 6A The optical fiber routing table corresponding to the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 is shown in Table 2-1:

[0149] Table 2-1

[0150] Port Number Fiber core number Identification of the zone where the fault point is located Detectable defense area No. 1 No. 1 / All zones No. 2 No. 2 No. 1 All defense zones except No. 1 No.3 No.3 No. 2 All defense zones except No. 2 … … … … N N N-1 All defense zones except N-1 No. 1 No. 1 N All defense zones except N

[0151] As shown in Table 2-1, Fig. 6A In the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 shown, when a fiber optic path in any defense zone fails, there is at least one fiber optic path in the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 that can bypass the defense zone where the fault point is located. For example, if the fault point is located in defense zone No. 1, the fiber optic sensing device 01 determines that the port number of the target fiber optic path is No. 2 based on the fiber optic routing table, thereby triggering the port for sending the detection optical signal to be switched to port No. 2, and sending the detection optical signal through port No. 2. For another example, if the fault point is located in defense zone No. 2, the fiber optic sensing device 01 determines that the port number of the target fiber optic path is No. 3 based on the fiber optic routing table, thereby triggering the port for sending the detection optical signal to be switched to port No. 3, and sending the detection optical signal through port No. 3. And so on, which will not be elaborated here.

[0152] In another example, when K=2, the number of first fiber cores is at least equal to The number of the second fiber cores is at least equal to It means that when the working fiber segment in any one or two of the N defense zones fails, if there is always at least one fiber path in the distributed fiber optic sensor system 00 to keep the remaining (N-2) defense zones working normally, at least one fiber optic cable must be laid in one defense zone. The root fiber core is used as the working fiber segment, and the defense area is laid with at least The root fiber core serves as a protective fiber segment.

[0153] For example, Figure 6B As shown, K = 2, the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 requires at least Fiber cores are used to form fiber paths, where The root fiber core is used to form a working optical fiber segment. In the core The N fiber cores are used to form a protective fiber segment. Fig. 6A The example shown is laid. Among the remaining fiber cores, the fiber core (N+1) is divided into two sections, one end of one fiber core is connected to the port (N+1), and the other end is connected to the fiber core as the protection fiber segment in defense zone No. 1, and the fiber core as the protection fiber segment spans defense zone No. 1 and defense zone No. 2. In addition, another section of the fiber core runs through defense zone No. 3 to defense zone No. N. In this example, the two sections of the fiber core (N+1) and the one section of the fiber core as the protection fiber segment spanning defense zone No. 1 and defense zone No. 2 constitute a path (N+1) that is immune to damage in defense zone No. 1 and defense zone No. 2. For another example, the fiber core (N+2) is divided into three sections, one end of one fiber core is connected to the port (N+2), and the other end is connected to the fiber core as the protection fiber segment in defense zone No. 1, another section of the fiber core spans defense zone No. 2 and is connected to the fiber core as the protection fiber segment in defense zone No. 3, and another section of the fiber core runs through defense zone No. 4 to defense zone No. N. In this example, three (N+2) fiber cores, one fiber core located in zone 1 as a protection fiber segment, and one fiber core located in zone 3 as a protection fiber segment constitute a path (N+2) that is immune to damage in zones 1 and 3. And so on, which will not be elaborated here.

[0154] For example, Figure 6B The optical fiber routing table corresponding to the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 is shown in Table 3-1:

[0155] Table 3-1

[0156]

[0157]

[0158] As shown in Table 3-1, Figure 6BIn the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 shown, when a fiber optic path in any one or two defense zones fails, there is at least one fiber optic path in the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 that can bypass the defense zone where the fault point is located. For example, if the fault point is located in defense zone No. 1, the fiber optic sensing device 01 determines that the port number of the target fiber optic path is No. 1 based on the fiber optic routing table, thereby triggering the port for sending the detection optical signal to be switched to port No. 1, and sending the detection optical signal through port No. 1. For another example, if the fault point is located in defense zones No. 1 and No. 2, the fiber optic sensing device 01 determines that the port number of the target fiber optic path is No. (N+1) based on the fiber optic routing table, thereby triggering the port for sending the detection optical signal to be switched to port No. (N+1), and sending the detection optical signal through port No. (N+1). For another example, if the fault point is located in defense zone No. 1 and defense zone No. 3, the optical fiber sensor device 01 determines that the port number of the target optical fiber path is (N+2) based on the optical fiber routing table, and then triggers the port for sending the detection optical signal to switch to port (N+2), and sends the detection optical signal through port (N+2). And so on, which will not be repeated here.

[0159] For example, Figure 7 As shown, after the optical fiber sensing device 01 obtains the aforementioned optical fiber routing table, the optical fiber sensing device 01 will perform the following steps:

[0160] Step 701: The optical fiber sensing device initializes the optical fiber routing table.

[0161] Specifically, the optical fiber sensing device obtains a manually configured optical fiber routing table, and then the optical fiber sensing device configures the mapping between the working port number of the optical fiber sensing device and the serial number of the sensing optical fiber core based on the optical fiber routing table. Optionally, during initialization, the optical fiber sensing device sets the port for sending the detection optical signal (hereinafter referred to as the working port) to be the port corresponding to the optical fiber path that does not include the protection optical fiber segment, for example, Fig. 6A or Figure 6B For port No. 1 shown, let X=1.

[0162] Step 702: The optical fiber sensing device switches the working port to the X port.

[0163] Step 703: The optical fiber sensing device detects whether there is a new fault point on the currently working optical fiber path.

[0164] If there is a new fault point on the currently working optical fiber path, the optical fiber sensing device executes step 704 ; if there is no new fault point on the currently working optical fiber path, the optical fiber sensing device executes step 702 .

[0165] Step 704: The optical fiber sensing device obtains identification information of the defense zone where the fault point is located.

[0166] Step 705: The optical fiber sensing device determines whether the newly added fault point is located in the last defense zone.

[0167] If the newly added fault point is located in the last defense zone, the optical fiber sensing device executes step 703 ; if the newly added fault point is not located in the last defense zone, the optical fiber sensing device executes step 706 .

[0168] Step 706: The optical fiber sensing device searches for the port number of the target optical fiber path based on the optical fiber routing table.

[0169] The protection fiber segment of the target fiber path is located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information. The protection fiber segment of the target fiber path can just bypass the location of the fault point of the working fiber segment of the faulty fiber path, so as to ensure that when the working fiber segment of the faulty fiber path is damaged, the protection fiber segment of the target fiber path is not damaged.

[0170] If the port number of the target optical fiber path is found based on the optical fiber routing table, the optical fiber sensing device executes step 707 ; if the port number of the target optical fiber path is not found based on the optical fiber routing table, the optical fiber sensing device executes step 708 .

[0171] Step 707: The optical fiber sensing device assigns the port number of the target optical fiber path to X.

[0172] It can also be understood that the optical fiber sensing device switches the port for sending the detection optical signal to the port of the target optical fiber path.

[0173] Step 708: The optical fiber sensing device sends out an alarm message.

[0174] The alarm information is used to indicate that a defense zone has been damaged and subsequent defense zones cannot be protected by the protection optical fiber.

[0175] In this embodiment, when the optical fiber sensing device detects the defense zone where the fault point is located in the system, the optical fiber sensing device can determine the port of the target optical fiber based on the optical fiber routing table and the defense zone where the fault point is located, and switch to the port corresponding to the target optical fiber to send the detection optical signal. Since the protection optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can just bypass the fault point of the working optical fiber segment of the fault optical fiber path, and the working optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path can continue to work in other defense zones. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the reliability and robustness of the distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0176] In addition, it should be noted that the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 provided in this application can be applied to a variety of scenarios. The following are introduced respectively:

[0177] In one application scenario, such as Fig. 8AAs shown, the aforementioned distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 can be applied in perimeter security scenarios. For example, the intrusion behavior is detected by the principle of distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing (DAS). For example, when the detection optical fibers of defense zone No. 4 and defense zone No. 10 are damaged, the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 provided in the present application can select an optical fiber path through the detection optical fibers of the remaining undamaged defense zones and the protection optical fibers of defense zones No. 4 and No. 10, thereby ensuring that the remaining undamaged defense zones can still work normally.

[0178] In another application scenario, such as Figure 8B As shown, the aforementioned distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 can be applied in oil and gas pipeline leak detection scenarios. For example, fiber optic sensing technology is used to detect changes in vibration, temperature, and stress to determine whether there is a leak. In this scenario, the working fiber segment of the sensing fiber (i.e., the detection fiber) is usually deployed on the outer wall of the pipeline, so that it can promptly detect potentially damaged pipelines during initial deployment or maintenance and construction, and after a fiber in a certain defense zone is broken, it ensures that the detection fibers in other defense zones work normally without being affected. In addition, the distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 provided in the present application uses passive devices to connect the fibers, which is not prone to electrical sparks, and is conducive to improving safety performance.

[0179] In another application scenario, such as Figure 8C As shown, the aforementioned distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 can be applied in pipeline intrusion prevention detection scenarios. Vibration changes are detected by fiber optic sensing technology to determine whether the pipeline is damaged. In this scenario, the detection optical fiber is usually deployed underground close to the pipeline to detect possible damage and intrusion nearby in real time and issue an early warning. The distributed fiber optic sensing system 00 provided in this application can ensure that the normal operation of the detection optical fiber in other defense zones is not affected after the optical fiber in a certain defense zone is broken.

[0180] It should be understood that the aforementioned Fig. 8A , Figure 8B , Figure 8C The application scenarios listed are only some examples of the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 provided in this application that can be applied to various scenarios, and they will not be listed one by one here.

[0181] Combine the following Fig. 9 The optical fiber sensing device 01 in the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 is introduced as follows:

[0182] In addition, if Fig. 9 The present application also provides a device 90, Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device 90 provided in this application. The device 90 may be Figure 2 , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Fig. 6A, Figure 6B or Figure 7 The optical fiber sensing device 01 in the distributed optical fiber sensing system 00 in the embodiment of the present invention can be an optical time domain reflectometer with measurement, analysis, monitoring and positioning functions; or, the optical time domain reflectometer with measurement function and a computing device with analysis and positioning functions can be combined, which is not limited here.

[0183] like Fig. 9 As shown, the device 90 may include a processor 910, a memory 920, and a transceiver 930. The processor 910 is coupled to the memory 920, and the processor 910 is coupled to the transceiver 930.

[0184] Among them, the aforementioned transceiver 930 may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver device, etc. Optionally, the device used to implement the receiving function in the transceiver unit may be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device used to implement the sending function in the transceiver unit may be regarded as a sending unit, that is, the transceiver unit includes a receiving unit and a sending unit, and the receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, an input port, a receiving circuit, etc., and the sending unit may be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, etc. In the present application, the transceiver 930 may be an optical transceiver for sending a detection optical signal and receiving a feedback optical signal. In addition, the device 90 has a plurality of ports. For example, the device 90 is configured with a pair of multi-way optical switches (optical switch, OSW). For example, a 1xM optical switch. The optical switch is used to switch the optical fiber path.

[0185] The processor 910 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof. The processor 910 may refer to one processor or may include multiple processors, which is not specifically limited here.

[0186] In addition, the aforementioned memory 920 is mainly used to store software programs and data. The memory 920 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 910. Optionally, the memory 920 may be integrated with the processor 910, for example, integrated into one or more chips. Among them, the memory 920 can store program codes for executing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 910, and the various types of computer program codes executed can also be regarded as drivers of the processor 910. The memory 920 may include volatile memory (volatile memory), such as random-access memory (random-access memory, RAM); the memory may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), flash memory (flash memory), hard disk drive (hard disk drive, HDD) or solid-state drive (solid-state drive, SSD); the memory 920 may also include a combination of the above-mentioned types of memory. The memory 920 may refer to one memory or may include multiple memories. Exemplarily, the memory 920 is used to store a first correspondence relationship, which is used to indicate the correspondence between the fault location information of the faulty optical fiber path and the port number of the target optical fiber path. Exemplarily, the memory 920 is used to store an optical fiber routing table, which includes the fault location information of multiple fault points and the port number of the candidate optical fiber path corresponding to the fault location information of each fault point. The candidate optical fiber path is an optical fiber path among multiple optical fiber paths that contains a protection optical fiber segment that bypasses the fault point, and the protection optical fiber segments of different candidate optical fiber paths are located in different defense zones. Please refer to the previous text for an introduction to the optical fiber routing table or the first correspondence relationship, which will not be repeated here.

[0187] In one implementation, the memory 920 stores computer-readable instructions, which include multiple software modules, such as a transceiver module 921 and a processing module 922. After executing each software module, the processor 910 can perform corresponding operations according to the instructions of each software module. In this embodiment, the operation performed by a software module actually refers to the operation performed by the processor 910 according to the instructions of the software module.

[0188] Exemplarily, when device 90 is used to implement the function of the first device, the processing module 922 in device 90 is used to obtain fault location information of a faulty optical fiber path among multiple optical fiber paths, the fault location information is determined based on a feedback optical signal generated by a detection optical signal transmitted by the faulty optical fiber path, and the fault location information is used to indicate a defense zone where a fault point located in a working optical fiber segment in the faulty optical fiber path is located; the transceiver module 921 is used to send a detection optical signal through a port corresponding to a target optical fiber path, the target optical fiber path is one of the multiple optical fiber paths, and the protection optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information.

[0189] Optionally, a protection optical fiber segment located in one defense zone in an optical fiber path is connected to a working optical fiber segment located in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box.

[0190] In a possible implementation manner, the processing module 922 is further configured to determine a port of a target optical fiber path based on the fault location information.

[0191] In a possible implementation manner, the processing module 922 is further configured to switch the port for sending the detection optical signal to a port corresponding to the target optical fiber path.

[0192] In a possible implementation manner, the processing module 922 is specifically configured to determine a port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information and the first corresponding relationship.

[0193] In a possible implementation, the plurality of optical fiber paths further include at least one first optical fiber path, and the first optical fiber path includes only a working optical fiber segment. The transceiver module 921 is further configured to send a detection optical signal to the first optical fiber path through a port corresponding to the first optical fiber path, and receive a feedback optical signal generated by the detection optical signal transmitted by the first optical fiber path; the processing module 922 is specifically configured to generate fault location information based on the feedback optical signal when the first optical fiber path fails.

[0194] The rest can be referenced Figure 5 or Figure 7 The methods and beneficial effects related to the optical fiber sensing device in the corresponding embodiments are not described in detail here.

[0195] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0196] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A distributed optical fiber sensing system, characterized in that: include: A fiber optic sensing device and a plurality of fiber optic paths, wherein the fiber optic sensing device is connected to the plurality of fiber optic paths via a plurality of ports, the fiber optic paths pass through a plurality of defense zones, at least one of the plurality of fiber optic paths comprises at least one working fiber optic segment and at least one protective fiber optic segment, the working fiber optic segment and the protective fiber optic segment of the same fiber optic path are respectively located in different defense zones, and the laying path of the protective fiber optic segment of one fiber optic path in the same defense zone is different from the laying path of the working fiber optic segment of another fiber optic path; The optical fiber sensing device is used to obtain fault location information of a faulty optical fiber path among the multiple optical fiber paths, wherein the fault location information is used to indicate a defense zone where a fault point located in the working optical fiber segment in the faulty optical fiber path is located; The optical fiber sensing device is also used to send the detection light signal through the port corresponding to the target optical fiber path, the target optical fiber path is one of the multiple optical fiber paths, and the protection optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information.

2. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protection optical fiber segment located in one defense zone in an optical fiber path is connected to a working optical fiber segment located in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box.

3. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensing device is further used to determine the port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information.

4. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensing device stores a first corresponding relationship, where the first corresponding relationship is used to indicate a corresponding relationship between the fault location information of the fault optical fiber path and the port of the target optical fiber path; The optical fiber sensing device is specifically used to determine the port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information and the first corresponding relationship.

5. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensing device stores an optical fiber routing table, which includes fault location information of multiple fault points and ports of candidate optical fiber paths corresponding to the fault location information of each fault point. The candidate optical fiber paths are optical fiber paths among the multiple optical fiber paths that include protective optical fiber segments that bypass the fault points. The protective optical fiber segments of different candidate optical fiber paths are located in different defense zones.

6. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The optical fiber routing table also includes the serial number of the optical fiber path corresponding to the port of each candidate optical fiber path.

7. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The plurality of optical fiber pathways also include at least one first optical fiber pathway including only the working optical fiber segment.

8. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensing device is further used to send the detection optical signal to the first optical fiber path through the port corresponding to the first optical fiber path, and receive the feedback optical signal generated by the detection optical signal transmitted by the first optical fiber path; The optical fiber sensing device is specifically configured to generate the fault location information based on the feedback optical signal when the first optical fiber path fails.

9. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The fault location information includes identification information of the defense zone.

10. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The length of the protection fiber segment in the same fiber path is related to the number of defense zones protected by the protection fiber segment and the length of the defense zones.

11. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The laying paths of working optical fiber segments located in the same defense zone in any two optical fiber paths are the same.

12. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The fiber cores serving as working fiber segments in the same defense zone are encapsulated in one optical cable, and the fiber cores serving as protection fiber segments in the same defense zone are encapsulated in another optical cable. The fiber cores used to form the same optical fiber path between adjacent defense zones are connected through a passive optical cross-connect box.

13. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The plurality of defense zones include N defense zones, and the plurality of ports include M ports; The number of the first fiber cores is greater than or equal to The number of the second fiber cores is greater than or equal to The number of the first fiber cores is the number of the working fiber segments contained in the same defense zone, and the number of the second fiber cores is the number of the protection fiber segments contained in the same defense zone; M is greater than or equal to the number of the first fiber paths; wherein N is an integer greater than 1, M is an integer greater than 1, K is the number of defense zones where the working fiber segments fail, K is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, C represents the symbol of the combination number, and is an integer greater than or equal to 1, is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

14. An optical fiber sensing device, applied to a distributed optical fiber sensing system, wherein the distributed optical fiber sensing system comprises the optical fiber sensing device and a plurality of optical fiber paths, wherein the optical fiber sensing device is connected to the plurality of optical fiber paths via a plurality of ports, wherein: The optical fiber path passes through a plurality of defense zones, at least one of the plurality of optical fiber paths includes at least one working optical fiber segment and at least one protective optical fiber segment, the working optical fiber segment and the protective optical fiber segment of the same optical fiber path are respectively located in different defense zones, and the laying path of the protective optical fiber segment of one optical fiber path in the same defense zone is different from the laying path of the working optical fiber segment of another optical fiber path; The optical fiber sensing device comprises: A processing module, used for obtaining fault location information of a faulty optical fiber path among the multiple optical fiber paths, wherein the fault location information is used for indicating a defense zone where a fault point located in the working optical fiber segment in the faulty optical fiber path is located; The transceiver module is used to send the detection optical signal through the port corresponding to the target optical fiber path, the target optical fiber path is one of the multiple optical fiber paths, and the protection optical fiber segment of the target optical fiber path is located in the defense zone indicated by the fault location information.

15. The optical fiber sensing device according to claim 14, characterized in that: A protection optical fiber segment located in one defense zone in an optical fiber path is connected to a working optical fiber segment located in another adjacent defense zone through a passive optical cross-connect box.

16. The optical fiber sensing device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that: The processing module is further used to determine a port of a target optical fiber path based on the fault location information.

17. The optical fiber sensing device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensing device stores a first corresponding relationship, where the first corresponding relationship is used to indicate a corresponding relationship between the fault location information of the fault optical fiber path and the port of the target optical fiber path; The processing module is specifically configured to determine a port of the target optical fiber path based on the fault location information and the first corresponding relationship.

18. The optical fiber sensing device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensing device stores an optical fiber routing table, which includes fault location information of multiple fault points and ports of candidate optical fiber paths corresponding to the fault location information of each fault point. The candidate optical fiber paths are optical fiber paths among the multiple optical fiber paths that include protective optical fiber segments that bypass the fault points. The protective optical fiber segments of different candidate optical fiber paths are located in different defense zones.

19. The optical fiber sensing device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The optical fiber routing table also includes the serial number of the optical fiber path corresponding to the port of each candidate optical fiber path.

20. The optical fiber sensing device according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that: The plurality of optical fiber pathways also include at least one first optical fiber pathway including only the working optical fiber segment.

21. The optical fiber sensing device according to claim 20, characterized in that: The transceiver module is further used to send the detection optical signal to the first optical fiber path through the port corresponding to the first optical fiber path, and receive the feedback optical signal generated by the detection optical signal transmitted by the first optical fiber path; The processing module is specifically configured to generate the fault location information based on the feedback optical signal when the first optical fiber path fails.

Images