A homogenous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt and methods of use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of homogenizing casting device based on turbulent melt in-situ reaction and its use method.It includes: vacuum cavity, two reactors, feeder, revolution centrifuge and vacuum pump, two the reactor, feeder, revolution centrifuge are placed in the vacuum cavity, the vacuum pump is extracted vacuum to the vacuum cavity;By the use of gas / liquid / solid feeder, high-temperature melt can be fully in-situ reaction, reaction product size uniformity is good, in-situ generation composite phase or in-situ realization adds the interface modification of composite phase;The introduction of periodic vibration, with revolution and rotation produces synergistic effect, realizes the crushing of melt in agglomerate, produces more sufficient homogenization effect;Combining fast directional solidification locks the uniform state of melt, realizes degassing by vacuum extraction, by periodic vibration can also avoid sticking wall and help ingot overall demoulding, finally obtain homogeneous ingot.In addition, the device casting speed is fast, and casting efficiency is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of stirring casting technology, in particular to a homogeneous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for metal materials in application fields, high homogeneity metal alloys and high homogeneity metal matrix composites have attracted much attention. Powder metallurgy can achieve material homogeneity, but its high cost, easy pollution and process characteristics of forming temperature lower than melting point limit its development. Stirring casting technology is expected to obtain high homogeneity metal alloys and their composites at low cost.

[0003] Stirring casting is a casting technology aimed at increasing the fluidity and homogeneity of metals. It usually uses a mechanical stirring paddle to accelerate the flow of the melt, thereby achieving mixing and homogeneity in casting. This stirring method has high requirements for the material of the stirring paddle, which must be resistant to high temperature and not react with any components in the melt. In addition, it is difficult to ensure overall stirring effect at the high viscosity stage of metal melt solidification. When the stirring speed is high, continuous air bubbles are generated in the melt, which is not conducive to improving the metallurgical quality of the ingot. On the other hand, for components with high density difference, mechanical stirring paddle stirring casting can achieve mixing in the melt state, but it is difficult to maintain the mixing state of the melt to the solid state through rapid solidification, because the stirring paddle will cause the melt to separate once it is separated from the melt, and it will be wrapped into the ingot, affecting the quality of the ingot and the yield.

[0004] The inventor's previous application CN114749622A discloses a double-shaft centrifugal stirring casting device and a mixed metal smelting and casting method. It mainly uses revolution combined with rotation to achieve centrifugal motion, thereby generating a turbulent structure to achieve micro- and nano-level uniform distribution of doped phases in the alloy melt. However, this device still has defects, such as being unable to perform in-situ reaction in a turbulent structure in an orderly manner, lacking directional solidification, not dispersing agglomerates, having serious wall sticking, and being difficult to demold. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a homogeneous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt and a use method thereof, to solve the problem of low-cost and high-efficiency homogeneous casting technology of metal alloys and their composites.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A kind of homogenizing casting device based on turbulent melt in situ reaction, comprising: vacuum cavity, two reactors, feeder, revolution centrifuge and vacuum pump, two the reactor, feeder, revolution centrifuge are placed in the vacuum cavity, the vacuum pump is pumped to the vacuum cavity;The revolution centrifuge includes revolution motor, revolution rotation shaft 14 and revolution base 141, the revolution rotation shaft 14 is located in the center of revolution base 141, the revolution motor drives the revolution rotation shaft 14 and the revolution base 141 rotate together by first transmission mechanism, two the reactor is located at the left and right sides of the revolution base 141 respectively, and is arranged with the revolution rotation shaft 14 as symmetry axis, two the reactor is inclined to the revolution rotation shaft 14 and is arranged, the feeder is located above the revolution rotation shaft 14, and the feeder is connected with two the reactor 27;The feeder includes combination chamber and combination pipeline, each the reactor includes rotation component and non-rotation component, the rotation component includes turbulent melt reaction casting body 1, drum cover 2, rotation component 11, rotation shaft 13 and amplitude ware 23;The non-rotation component includes vibrator base 24 and support shaft 25;The amplitude ware 23 and the vibrator base 24 jointly constitute periodic vibrator, the rotation component and the non-rotation component have relative rotation, the periodic vibrator generates periodic axial vibration along with the rotation of the rotation component, the drum of the rotation component 11 is provided with the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1, the drum cover 2 is connected with the rotation component 11, the bottom of the rotation component 11 is fixedly connected with the rotation shaft 13, the bottom of turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 is fixedly connected with the amplitude ware 23, the amplitude ware 23 is movably arranged in the vibrator base 24, the amplitude ware 23 realizes periodic axial vibration in the process of rotating relative to the vibrator base 24, the vibrator base 24 is also located in the drum of the rotation component 11, the support shaft 25 is arranged in the rotation shaft 13, the top of the support shaft 25 is fixedly connected with the vibrator base 24, the bottom of the support shaft 25 is fixedly connected with the revolution base 141, the rotation shaft 13 and the revolution base 141 have relative rotation, left and right two the rotation shaft 13 are connected by second transmission mechanism and rotation motor.The vibrator base 24 comprises a cylindrical box 241 and a plurality of balls 242, the balls 242 are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the cylindrical box 241, the amplitude generator 23 is placed in the cylindrical box 241 and in contact with the balls 242, the amplitude generator 23 is disc-shaped, the upper surface of the amplitude generator 23 is planar, the lower surface of the amplitude generator 23 is provided with a plurality of central-symmetrical sector hollows 231, one sector hollow 231 corresponds to one ball 242, the sector hollows 231 are sequentially connected at the head and tail, the circumferential side of the sector hollow 231 is a first right triangle 232, the radial section of the tail end of the sector hollow 231 is a second right triangle 233, the first right triangle 232 and the second right triangle 233 share a common cathetus, the sector surface of the sector hollow 231 is placed on the ball 242, the upper surface of the amplitude generator 23 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1, the lower surface of the vibrator base 24 is fixedly connected with the top end of the support shaft 25, when the rotation shaft 13 rotates, the amplitude generator 23 is rotated by the rotation cylinder 11 and the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1, the amplitude generator 23 relatively rotates on the vibrator base 24, in the process of relative rotation, the sector surface of the sector hollow 231 relatively slides on the ball 242, and due to the existence of the first right triangle 232 and the second right triangle 233, the amplitude generator 23 is simultaneously axially periodically vibrated on the vibrator base 24, and the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 is axially periodically vibrated.

[0008] Preferably, the combination chamber comprises a gas chamber 3, a liquid chamber 4 and a solid chamber 6, which are detachably connected in sequence by card slots, the solid chamber 6 is located at the top end of the revolution shaft 14, the combination pipeline comprises two gas pipelines 8, two liquid pipelines 9 and two solid pipelines 10, one end of the left and right gas pipelines 8 is communicated with the left and right sides of the gas chamber 3, the other end of the left and right gas pipelines 8 is communicated with the left and right turbulent melt reaction casting bodies 1, one end of the left and right liquid pipelines 9 is communicated with the left and right sides of the liquid chamber 4, the other end of the left and right liquid pipelines 9 is communicated with the left and right turbulent melt reaction casting bodies 1, one end of the left and right solid pipelines 10 is communicated with the left and right sides of the solid chamber 6, the other end of the left and right solid pipelines 10 is communicated with the left and right turbulent melt reaction casting bodies 1, the liquid chamber 4 has a heat preservation function, the pre-added liquid 5 is preheated and placed in the liquid chamber 4, the solid chamber 6 also has a heat preservation function, the pre-added solid 7 is pre-dried and preheated and placed in the solid chamber 6, the gas chamber 3 is filled with gas through the gas inlet 26, the left and right sides of the gas chamber 3 are provided with control valves for controlling the opening and closing of the gas pipeline 8, and the liquid chamber 4 and the solid chamber 6 do not need to be provided with control valves.

[0009] Preferably, the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 comprises a boss cover 16, a cylinder, a support assembly, a heat insulation material 18, a graphite crucible 20 and a heat sink 21, the boss cover 16 is sealingly arranged on the top of the cylinder, the support assembly is arranged in the cylinder, the graphite crucible 20 and the heat sink 21 are arranged in the support assembly, the heat sink 21 is arranged directly below the graphite crucible 20 to absorb heat from the bottom of the graphite crucible 20.

[0010] Preferably, the support assembly comprises a support group 17, a partition group 19, and a support base 22, the support group 17 and the partition group 19 are arranged perpendicularly, the partition group 19 comprises a plurality of circular partitions with equal distance, the support group 17 comprises a plurality of vertical support rods, the circular partitions are all plate-shaped with inner hollow structure, the support base 22 is arranged below the partition group 19, the support base 22 comprises a support platform 221 and a lower convex part 222, the lower convex part 222 is arranged below the support platform 221, the lower convex part 222 and the support platform 221 are coaxially arranged integrally or fixedly connected, the support platform 221 has the same outer diameter as the circular partitions, the outer diameter of the lower convex part 222 is smaller than that of the support platform 221, the support base 22 is provided with a concave groove 223 at the center, the plurality of vertical support rods penetrate through the middle of the circular partitions, the upper and lower ends of the plurality of vertical support rods are fixedly connected with the top circular partition and the support platform 221 respectively, a part of the support rods are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the circular partitions, and the other part of the support rods are evenly distributed on the inner edge of the circular partitions; the graphite crucible 20 is octagonal in shape and cylindrical in the inside, the graphite crucible 20 is arranged in the square space formed by the inner part of the circular partitions, the octagonal shape is just matched with the square space, the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible 20 is arranged on the support platform 221, the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible 20 covers the concave groove 223, the heat-absorbing body 21 is arranged in the concave groove 223, the heat-absorbing body 21 is in direct contact with the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible 20 for cooling the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible 20, and the heat-insulating material 18 is filled in the gap between the support group 17 and the partition group 19 to play a heat preservation role on the graphite crucible 20.

[0011] Preferably, the boss cover 16 comprises a center boss 161 and a circumferential cover 162, the center boss 161 is located at the center top of the circumferential cover 162, the center boss 161 is matched with the graphite crucible 20, the circumferential cover 162 is used for sealing the support assembly, the center boss 161 is provided with a gas outlet 15, a gas pipeline interface 81, a liquid pipeline interface 91, and a solid pipeline interface 101, the gas outlet 15 is used for discharging gas, one end of the gas pipeline 8 is inserted into the gas pipeline interface 81 and can rotate relatively, one end of the liquid pipeline 9 is inserted into the liquid pipeline interface 91 and can rotate relatively, and one end of the solid pipeline 10 is inserted into the solid pipeline interface 101 and can rotate relatively.

[0012] Preferably, the solid chamber 6 is internally provided with a rotating channel, a clamping groove is arranged in the rotating channel, the pre-added solid 7 is placed in the clamping groove, so that the pre-added solid 7 can enter the solid pipeline 10 only at a higher critical rotating speed, thereby changing the order of the pre-added liquid 5 and the pre-added solid 7 entering the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid chamber 4 and the liquid pipeline 9 are both made of high-temperature-resistant materials, so as to improve the preheating temperature of the pre-added liquid 5.

[0014] Preferably, the volume of the original melt in the graphite crucible 20 and the sum of the volumes of the pre-added solid 7 and the pre-added liquid 5 are less than half of the volume of the graphite crucible 20.

[0015] Preferably, the pre-added solid 7 is wrapped with a metal foil into a spherical shape, so as to facilitate the pre-added solid 7 to gradually enter the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 under the action of centrifugal force after the revolution starts.

[0016] Preferably, the heat-absorbing body 21 is made of a metal material with large heat capacity, so as to facilitate repeated use.

[0017] Preferably, the length of the same straight angle side in the fan-shaped hollow part 231 is designed according to the wall sticking degree between the original melt and the graphite crucible 20, the length is longer when the wall sticking is more serious, so as to improve the vibration amplitude.

[0018] The application also provides a use method of the homogeneous casting device based on the turbulent melt in-situ reaction, which comprises the following steps:

[0019] (1) Perform preliminary work: heat and melt the original melt in the graphite crucible 20, preheat the pre-added liquid 5, and wrap the pre-added solid 7 required to be added into the reaction with a metal foil made of the same element as the original melt; assemble the amplitude generator 23 and the vibrator base 24 into the periodic vibrator 12, place the periodic vibrator 12 at the bottom of the revolution rotating cylinder 11, and assemble the support group 17, the heat insulation material 18, the partition plate group 19, the heat-absorbing body 21 and the support base 22 into the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1.

[0020] (2)Charging process: the pre-added solid 7 is put into the solid chamber 6, the pre-heated pre-added liquid 5 is put into the liquid chamber 4, the pre-added gas is filled into the gas chamber 3, the gas chamber 3, liquid chamber 4 and solid chamber 6 are sequentially assembled from top to bottom; the graphite crucible 20 is covered with the boss cover 16 together with the internal melt and is loaded into the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1, the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 is put into the self-rotation rotating cylinder 11 and is fixed above the periodic vibrator 12, the rotating cylinder cover 2 is covered, that is, the assembly of the reactor is realized; the solid pipe 10, liquid pipe 9 and gas pipe 8 are respectively installed to the solid chamber 6, liquid chamber 4 and gas chamber 3, and the combined chamber is installed to the revolution rotating shaft 14, and the solid pipe 10, liquid pipe 9 and gas pipe 8 are all rotationally connected to the boss cover 16, that is, the assembly of the charger is realized;

[0021] (3)Starting process: start the vacuum pump, and extract the air pressure in the vacuum cavity after charging to below 0.1 Pa; close the vacuum pump, and simultaneously start the revolution motor and the self-rotation motor to drive the revolution rotating shaft 14 and the self-rotation rotating shaft 13 to rotate respectively, with the increase of the rotating speed, the pre-added liquid 5 in the liquid chamber 4 and the pre-added solid 7 in the solid chamber 6 enter into the graphite crucible 20 through the liquid pipe 9 and the solid pipe 10 respectively, the control valve is opened to pass in the gas, and the gas is passed into the graphite crucible 20 from the gas chamber 3 and the gas pipe 8; the amount of gas inflow and the time of passing in are controlled through the control valve, and the addition time of the pre-added solid 7 is adjusted through the rotating channel and the clamping groove structure in the solid chamber 6;

[0022] (4)Reaction process: with the increase of the rotating speed, the mixed melt in the graphite crucible 20 forms a central vortex under the joint action of revolution and self-rotation, when the revolution and self-rotation speeds are both above 300 revolutions per minute, the mixed melt gradually enters into a turbulent state, that is, small vortexes and micro-vortexes continuously appear in the central vortex, which greatly accelerates the exchange and convection of substances in the mixed melt; at this time, the already added solid, liquid and gas will be quickly rolled into the mixed melt by the turbulent vortex, and be continuously decomposed and split by the vortexes of all levels, and various in-situ reactions are rapidly carried out in the mixed melt; with the rotating speed reaching above 1500 revolutions per minute, the in-situ reactions have been fully carried out, and the reaction products are uniformly dispersed in the existing melt;

[0023] (5) Solidification process: after the added solid, liquid and gas have completed in-situ reaction, the vacuum pump is started again, and after maintaining high rotation speed for a period of time, the existing melt heat is gradually conducted from the bottom of the graphite crucible 20 to the heat sink 21, the first to solidify is the bottom of the graphite crucible 20 closest to the heat sink 21, and the existing melt will be sequentially solidified from the bottom to the top, and as the vacuum degree increases, the gas dissolved in the existing melt is gradually discharged, and a directionally solidified metal ingot is obtained; the periodic vibrator 12 generates high-frequency axial vibration as the rotation speed increases, greatly relieving the adhesion between the solidified metal and the wall of the graphite crucible 20.

[0024] (6) Material taking process: after complete solidification, each part is sequentially unloaded in the reverse assembly process, and the metal ingot in the graphite crucible 20 and the heat sink 21 are taken out and water-cooled to room temperature, and the remaining parts can be air-cooled.

[0025] Preferably, one or two or three of the gas chamber, the solid chamber and the liquid chamber are selectively used according to different in-situ reaction needs.

[0026] The working principle of the present application is that under the combined action of high-speed revolution and rotation, the mixed melt in the reactor appears in a turbulent state, and the flow of substances in the mixed melt is greatly improved. At this time, under the action of revolution centrifugal force, the gas, solid and liquid in the feeder enter the metal melt in the reactor, and at the same time of adding, stirring and mixing and sufficient in-situ reaction are realized. At the same time of in-situ reaction in the melt, the reaction products are fully dispersed under the action of turbulence, the higher the rotation speed, the better the overall dispersion degree, and the smaller the dispersion scale. After the reaction is completed, the melt gradually realizes rapid directional solidification from the bottom to the top, and is simultaneously periodically vibrated and vacuumed, so that the dispersion state in the melt can be maintained, which is beneficial to the gradual discharge of dissolved gas in the high-temperature melt, improves the metallurgical quality of the ingot, and is also beneficial to the smooth demolding of the metal ingot.

[0027] It needs to be further explained that although the heat sink is placed in the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 at the beginning, cooling exists after the melt enters, but the melt needs to be put in at a temperature above the melting point, and even if it is cooled, it will not be cooled down immediately, and when the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 rotates and revolves, the heat exchange of the melt will be accelerated, so that it can be solidified while rotating.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application mainly include:

[0029] 1. The reaction is sufficient in situ, and the size uniformity of the reaction product is good. The device is conducive to the progress of solid / liquid, liquid / liquid and gas / liquid reactions and the rapid dispersion of reaction products in the metal melt, and can generate composite phases in situ or realize the interface modification of adding composite phases in situ. Especially for some reactions with strong reaction dynamics, this scheme can greatly reduce the problem of excessive local reaction products, thereby improving the size uniformity of the reaction products. Since it is a synchronous reaction and dispersion process, the reaction is usually not limited by the viscosity and diffusion speed of the melt under the condition of greatly improved mass exchange by turbulence, greatly improving the opportunity for continuous reaction, thereby realizing sufficient reaction.

[0030] 2. Periodic vibration and revolution produce synergistic effect. Revolution and rotation make high-temperature melt enter turbulent flow state, forming large and small eddies, and the introduction of periodic vibration makes the agglomerates in the melt further broken, and the three synergistically produce more sufficient homogenization effect.

[0031] 3. The vibration driving force of the periodic vibrator is derived from rotation, which is arranged inside the rotation shaft through the support shaft. The rotation shaft rotates while the support shaft does not, thereby producing relative motion. Combined with the ingenious structure design of the periodic vibrator, periodic vibration is realized through rotation, so that the turbulent melt reaction casting body not only has revolution and rotation, but also has periodic vibration. With the increase of rotation speed, the frequency of axial vibration is higher, which not only realizes the breaking of agglomerates in the melt, but also greatly relieves the adhesion between the solidified metal and the graphite crucible wall, and is also conducive to the smooth demolding of the metal ingot.

[0032] 4. The bottom of the graphite crucible is provided with a heat sink, which can realize directional solidification from the bottom to the top and obtain directional and single crystal structure, thereby greatly improving the comprehensive performance of the material.

[0033] 5. The casting speed is fast and the casting efficiency is high. The device can provide very fast reaction speed and melt heat exchange speed, and generally only needs a few minutes from starting rotation to completing solidification and ending rotation. Compared with the traditional casting which needs several hours, the efficiency is greatly improved.

[0034] 6. The pre-added solid and liquid are "thrown" out of the pipeline by revolution centrifugal force, thereby entering the graphite crucible, without using control valves, and the addition time and addition sequence can be better controlled.

[0035] 7. The graphite crucible is designed as an octagonal prism, which is placed in the cubic space formed by the inner side of each layer of the circular partition plate. The octagonal prism is just matched with the cubic space. The purpose of not designing the graphite crucible as a cubic shape is to reduce the weight of the graphite crucible.

[0036] 8. The unique design of the support assembly's bracket group, partition group and support base has stable support performance, and can realize side heat preservation and directional solidification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a homogeneous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of a homogeneous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeder;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turbulent melt reaction casting body;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support assembly;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the graphite crucible and its installation;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the periodic vibrator.

[0044] In the figure: turbulent melt reaction casting body 1, drum cover 2, gas chamber 3, liquid chamber 4, pre-added liquid 5, solid chamber 6, pre-added solid 7, gas pipeline 8, gas pipeline interface 81, liquid pipeline 9, liquid pipeline interface 91, solid pipeline 10, solid pipeline interface 101, self-rotating rotating drum 11, periodic vibrator 12, self-rotating rotating shaft 13, revolving rotating shaft 14, gas outlet 15, boss cover 16, center boss 161, circumferential cover 162, bracket group 17, heat insulation material 18, partition group 19, graphite crucible 20, heat absorber 21, support base 22, support platform 221, lower convex part 222, concave circular groove 223, amplitude vibrator 23, fan-shaped hollow part 231, first right triangle 232, second right triangle 233, vibrator base 24, cylindrical box 241, ball 242, support shaft 25, gas inlet 26. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1-7The application provides the following implementation: a homogeneous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt, comprising a vacuum cavity, two reactors, a feeder, a revolution centrifuge and a vacuum pump, the two reactors, the feeder and the revolution centrifuge are arranged in the vacuum cavity, and the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the vacuum cavity; the revolution centrifuge comprises a revolution motor, a revolution rotating shaft 14 and a revolution base 141, the revolution rotating shaft 14 is located at the center of the revolution base 141, the revolution motor drives the revolution rotating shaft 14 and the revolution base 141 to rotate together through a first transmission mechanism, the two reactors are arranged on the left and right sides of the revolution base 141 and are symmetrically arranged around the revolution rotating shaft 14, the two reactors are both arranged to be inclined towards the revolution rotating shaft 14, the feeder is arranged above the revolution rotating shaft 14, and the feeder is connected with the two reactors; the feeder comprises a combination chamber and a combination pipeline, each reactor comprises a self-rotation assembly and a non-self-rotation assembly, the self-rotation assembly comprises a turbulent melt reaction casting body 1, a rotating drum cover 2, a self-rotation rotating drum 11, a self-rotation rotating shaft 13 and a vibration generator 23; the non-self-rotation assembly comprises a vibrator base 24 and a support shaft 25; the vibration generator 23 and the vibrator base 24 jointly form a periodic vibrator, the self-rotation assembly and the non-self-rotation assembly have relative rotation, the periodic vibrator generates periodic axial vibration along with the rotation of the self-rotation assembly, the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 is arranged in the self-rotation rotating drum 11, the rotating drum cover 2 is connected with the self-rotation rotating drum 11 in a buckling mode, the bottom of the self-rotation rotating drum 11 is fixedly connected with the self-rotation rotating shaft 13, the bottom of the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 is fixedly connected with the vibration generator 23, the vibration generator 23 is movably arranged in the vibrator base 24, the vibration generator 23 simultaneously realizes periodic axial vibration in the process of rotating relative to the vibrator base 24, the vibrator base 24 is also arranged in the self-rotation rotating drum 11, the support shaft 25 is arranged in the self-rotation rotating shaft 13, the top of the support shaft 25 is fixedly connected with the vibrator base 24, the bottom of the support shaft 25 is fixedly connected with the revolution base 141, the self-rotation rotating shaft 13 and the revolution base 141 have relative rotation, and the left and right self-rotation rotating shafts 13 are connected through a second transmission mechanism and a self-rotation motor.The vibrator base 24 comprises a cylindrical box 241 and a plurality of balls 242, the balls 242 are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the cylindrical box 241, the amplitude generator 23 is placed in the cylindrical box 241 and in contact with the balls 242, the amplitude generator 23 is disc-shaped, the upper surface of the amplitude generator 23 is planar, the lower surface of the amplitude generator 23 is provided with a plurality of central-symmetrical sector hollows 231, one sector hollow 231 corresponds to one ball 242, the sector hollows 231 are sequentially connected at the head and tail, the circumferential side of the sector hollow 231 is a first right triangle 232, the radial section of the tail end of the sector hollow 231 is a second right triangle 233, the first right triangle 232 and the second right triangle 233 share a common cathetus, the sector surface of the sector hollow 231 is placed on the ball 242, the upper surface of the amplitude generator 23 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1, the lower surface of the vibrator base 24 is fixedly connected with the top end of the support shaft 25, when the rotation shaft 13 rotates, the amplitude generator 23 is rotated by the rotation cylinder 11 and the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1, the amplitude generator 23 relatively rotates on the vibrator base 24, in the process of relative rotation, the sector surface of the sector hollow 231 relatively slides on the ball 242, and due to the existence of the first right triangle 232 and the second right triangle 233, the amplitude generator 23 is simultaneously axially periodically vibrated on the vibrator base 24, and the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 is axially periodically vibrated.

[0047] The combination room includes gas room 3, liquid room 4 and solid room 6, which are detachably connected in sequence by card slot up and down, the solid room 6 is located at the top of the revolution axis 14, the combination pipeline includes two gas pipelines 8, two liquid pipelines 9 and two solid pipelines 10, one end of the left and right two gas pipelines 8 is communicated with the left and right sides of the gas room 3 respectively, the other end of the left and right two gas pipelines 8 is communicated with the left and right two turbulent melt reaction casting bodies 1 respectively, one end of the left and right two liquid pipelines 9 is communicated with the left and right sides of the liquid room 4 respectively, the other end of the left and right two liquid pipelines 9 is communicated with the left and right two turbulent melt reaction casting bodies 1 respectively, one end of the left and right two solid pipelines 10 is communicated with the left and right sides of the solid room 6 respectively, the other end of the left and right two solid pipelines 10 is communicated with the left and right two turbulent melt reaction casting bodies 1 respectively, the liquid room 4 has heat preservation function, the pre-added liquid 5 is preheated and placed in the liquid room 4, the solid room 6 also has heat preservation function, the pre-added solid 7 is pre-dried and preheated and placed in the solid room 6, the gas room 3 is filled with gas through the gas inlet 26, the left and right sides of the gas room 3 are provided with control valves for controlling the opening and closing of the gas pipeline 8, and the liquid room 4 and the solid room 6 do not need to be provided with control valves.

[0048] The turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 includes boss cover 16, cylinder, support assembly, heat insulation material 18, graphite crucible 20 and heat sink 21, the boss cover 16 is sealingly arranged on the cylinder, the support assembly is arranged in the cylinder, the graphite crucible 20 and the heat sink 21 are arranged in the support assembly, the heat sink 21 is arranged directly below the graphite crucible 20, and the bottom of the graphite crucible 20 is heat-absorbed.

[0049] The support assembly comprises a support group 17, a partition group 19 and a support base 22, the support group 17 and the partition group 19 are vertically crossed, the partition group 19 comprises multiple circular partitions with equal distance, the support group 17 comprises multiple vertical support rods, the circular partitions are all plate-shaped with inner hollow structure, the support base 22 is arranged below the partition group 19, the support base 22 comprises a support platform 221 and a lower convex part 222, the lower convex part 222 is arranged below the support platform 221, the lower convex part 222 and the support platform 221 are coaxially integrally formed or fixedly connected, the support platform 221 has the same outer diameter as the circular partitions, the outer diameter of the lower convex part 222 is smaller than that of the support platform 221, the support base 22 is provided with a concave groove 223 at the center, the multiple vertical support rods penetrate through the middle multiple layers of the circular partitions, the upper and lower ends of the multiple vertical support rods are fixedly connected with the top circular partition and the support platform 221 respectively, part of the support rods are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the circular partitions, and the other part of the support rods are uniformly distributed on the inner edge of the circular partitions; the graphite crucible 20 is octagonal prism-shaped and has a cylindrical inner part, the graphite crucible 20 is arranged in a cubic space formed by the inner part of the circular partitions, the octagonal prism-shaped graphite crucible 20 is just matched with the cubic space, the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible 20 is arranged on the support platform 221, the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible 20 covers the concave groove 223, the heat-absorbing body 21 is arranged in the concave groove 223, the heat-absorbing body 21 is in direct contact with the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible 20 and used for cooling the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible 20, and the heat-insulating material 18 is filled in the gap between the support group 17 and the partition group 19 and used for heat preservation of the graphite crucible 20.

[0050] The boss cover 16 comprises a center boss 161 and a circumferential cover 162, the center boss 161 is arranged at the center top of the circumferential cover 162, the center boss 161 is matched with the graphite crucible 20, the circumferential cover 162 is used for sealing the support assembly, the center boss 161 is provided with a gas outlet 15, a gas pipeline interface 81, a liquid pipeline interface 91 and a solid pipeline interface 101, the gas outlet 15 is used for discharging gas, one end of the gas pipeline 8 is inserted into the gas pipeline interface 81 and can relatively rotate, one end of the liquid pipeline 9 is inserted into the liquid pipeline interface 91 and can relatively rotate, and one end of the solid pipeline 10 is inserted into the solid pipeline interface 101 and can relatively rotate.

[0051] Specifically, the solid chamber 6 is internally provided with a rotating channel, a clamping groove is arranged in the rotating channel, the pre-added solid 7 is placed in the clamping groove, so that the pre-added solid 7 can enter the solid pipeline 10 only at a higher critical rotating speed, thereby changing the sequence of the pre-added liquid 5 and the pre-added solid 7 entering the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1.

[0052] Specifically, the liquid chamber 4 and the liquid pipeline 9 are both made of high-temperature-resistant materials, so as to improve the preheating temperature of the pre-added liquid 5.

[0053] Specifically, the volume of the original melt in the graphite crucible 20 and the sum of the volumes of the pre-added solid 7 and the pre-added liquid 5 are less than half of the volume of the graphite crucible 20.

[0054] Specifically, the pre-added solid 7 is wrapped with a metal foil into a spherical shape, so as to be gradually introduced into the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 under the action of centrifugal force after the revolution starts.

[0055] Specifically, the heat-absorbing body 21 is made of a metal material with large heat capacity, so as to be repeatedly used for multiple times.

[0056] Specifically, the length of the same straight angle side in the fan-shaped hollow part 231 is designed according to the wall sticking degree between the original melt and the graphite crucible 20, the length is longer when the wall sticking is more serious, so as to improve the vibration amplitude.

[0057] The application also provides a use method of the homogeneous casting device based on the turbulent melt in-situ reaction, which comprises the following steps:

[0058] (1) perform preliminary work: heat and melt the original melt in the graphite crucible 20, preheat the pre-added liquid 5, and wrap the pre-added solid 7 required to be added into the reaction with a metal foil made of the same element as the original melt; assemble the amplitude generator 23 and the vibrator base 24 into the periodic vibrator 12, place the periodic vibrator 12 at the bottom of the revolution rotating cylinder 11, and assemble the support group 17, the heat insulation material 18, the partition plate group 19, the heat-absorbing body 21 and the support base 22 into the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1;

[0059] (2)Charging process: the pre-added solid 7 is put into the solid chamber 6, the pre-added liquid 5 which has been preheated is put into the liquid chamber 4, the pre-added gas is filled into the gas chamber 3, the gas chamber 3, liquid chamber 4 and solid chamber 6 are sequentially assembled from top to bottom; the graphite crucible 20 is covered with the boss cover 16 together with the internal melt and is loaded into the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1, the turbulent melt reaction casting body 1 is put into the self-rotation rotating cylinder 11 and is fixed above the periodic vibrator 12, the rotating cylinder cover 2 is covered, that is, the assembly of the reactor is realized; the solid pipe 10, liquid pipe 9 and gas pipe 8 are respectively installed to the solid chamber 6, liquid chamber 4 and gas chamber 3, and the combined chamber is installed to the revolution rotating shaft 14, and the solid pipe 10, liquid pipe 9 and gas pipe 8 are all rotationally connected to the boss cover 16, that is, the assembly of the charger is realized;

[0060] (3)Starting process: start the vacuum pump, and extract the air pressure in the vacuum cavity after charging to below 0.1 Pa; close the vacuum pump, and simultaneously start the revolution motor and the self-rotation motor to drive the revolution rotating shaft 14 and the self-rotation rotating shaft 13 to rotate respectively, with the increase of the rotating speed, the pre-added liquid 5 in the liquid chamber 4 and the pre-added solid 7 in the solid chamber 6 enter into the graphite crucible 20 through the liquid pipe 9 and the solid pipe 10 respectively, the control valve is opened to pass in the gas, and the gas is passed into the graphite crucible 20 from the gas chamber 3 and the gas pipe 8; the amount of gas inflow and the time of passing in are controlled through the control valve, and the addition time of the pre-added solid 7 is adjusted through the rotating channel and the clamping groove structure in the solid chamber 6;

[0061] (4)Reaction process: with the increase of the rotating speed, the mixed melt in the graphite crucible 20 forms a central vortex under the joint action of revolution and self-rotation, when the revolution and self-rotation speeds are both above 300 rpm, the mixed melt gradually enters into a turbulent state, that is, small vortexes and micro-vortexes continuously appear in the central vortex, which greatly accelerates the exchange and convection of substances in the mixed melt; at this time, the added solid, liquid and gas are rapidly rolled into the mixed melt by the turbulent vortex, and are continuously decomposed and split by the vortexes of all levels, and various in-situ reactions are rapidly carried out in the mixed melt; when the rotating speed reaches above 1500 rpm, the in-situ reactions have been fully carried out, and the reaction products are uniformly dispersed in the existing melt;

[0062] (5) solidification process: after the added solid, liquid and gas have completed in-situ reaction, the vacuum pump is started again, after maintaining a high rotation speed for a period of time, the existing melt heat is gradually conducted from the bottom of the graphite crucible 20 to the heat sink 21, the first to solidify is the bottom of the graphite crucible 20 closest to the heat sink 21, the existing melt will be sequentially solidified from the bottom to the top, as the vacuum degree is improved, the gas dissolved in the existing melt is also gradually discharged, obtaining a directionally solidified metal ingot; the periodic vibrator 12 generates high-frequency axial vibration as the rotation speed is improved, greatly relieving the adhesion between the solidified metal and the wall of the graphite crucible 20;

[0063] (6) material taking process: after complete solidification, each part is unloaded in the reverse process according to the assembly, and the metal ingot in the graphite crucible 20 and the heat sink 21 are taken out, and water cooling to room temperature is performed, and the remaining parts can be air cooled.

[0064] Specifically, according to different in-situ reaction needs, one or two or three of the gas chamber, the solid chamber and the liquid chamber are selectively used.

[0065] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A homogenous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt comprising: Vacuum cavity, two reactors, feeder, revolving centrifuge and vacuum pump, two reactors, feeder, revolving centrifuge are arranged in the vacuum cavity, the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the vacuum cavity; the revolving centrifuge comprises a revolving motor, a revolving rotating shaft (14) and a revolving base (141), the revolving rotating shaft (14) is located in the center of the revolving base (141), the revolving motor drives the revolving rotating shaft (14) and the revolving base (141) to rotate together through a first transmission mechanism, two reactors are respectively located on the left and right sides of the revolving base (141) and are arranged with the revolving rotating shaft (14) as the axis of symmetry, two reactors are arranged obliquely towards the revolving rotating shaft (14), the feeder is located above the revolving rotating shaft (14), and the feeder is connected with two reactors; the feeder comprises a combination chamber and a combination pipeline, each reactor comprises a self-rotation assembly and a non-self-rotation assembly, the self-rotation assembly comprises a turbulent melt reaction casting body (1), a rotating drum cover (2), a self-rotation rotating drum (11), a self-rotation rotating shaft (13) and an amplitude generator (23); the non-self-rotation assembly comprises a vibrator base (24) and a support shaft (25); the amplitude generator (23) and the vibrator base (24) jointly constitute a periodic vibrator, the self-rotation assembly and the non-self-rotation assembly have relative rotation, and the periodic vibrator generates periodic axial vibration with the rotation of the self-rotation assembly, characterized in that: the turbulent melt reaction casting body (1) is arranged in the self-rotation rotating drum (11), the rotating drum cover (2) is connected with the self-rotation rotating drum (11) through buckling, the bottom of the self-rotation rotating drum (11) is fixedly connected with the self-rotation rotating shaft (13), the bottom of the turbulent melt reaction casting body (1) is fixedly connected with the amplitude generator (23), the amplitude generator (23) is movably arranged in the vibrator base (24), the amplitude generator (23) realizes periodic axial vibration during rotation relative to the vibrator base (24), the vibrator base (24) is also arranged in the self-rotation rotating drum (11), the support shaft (25) is arranged in the self-rotation rotating shaft (13), the top of the support shaft (25) is fixedly connected with the vibrator base (24), the bottom of the support shaft (25) is fixedly connected with the revolving base (141), the self-rotation rotating shaft (13) and the revolving base (141) have relative rotation, and the left and right self-rotation rotating shafts (13) are connected through a second transmission mechanism and a self-rotation motor.The vibrator base (24) comprises a cylindrical box (241) and a plurality of balls (242) uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the cylindrical box (241), the amplitude generator (23) is placed in the cylindrical box (241) and in contact with the plurality of balls (242), the amplitude generator (23) is disc-shaped, the upper surface of the amplitude generator (23) is planar, the lower surface of the amplitude generator (23) is provided with a plurality of central-symmetric sector hollows (231), one of the sector hollows (231) corresponds to one of the balls (242), the plurality of sector hollows (231) are sequentially connected in head-to-tail, the circumferential side surface of the sector hollow (231) is a first right-angled triangle (232), the radial section of the tail end of the sector hollow (231) is a second right-angled triangle (233), the first right-angled triangle (232) and the second right-angled triangle (233) share a same cathetus, the sector surface of the sector hollow (231) is placed on the ball (242), the upper surface of the amplitude generator (23) is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the turbulent melt reaction casting body (1), the lower surface of the vibrator base (24) is fixedly connected with the top end of the support shaft (25), when the rotation shaft (13) rotates, the amplitude generator (23) is rotated by the rotation cylinder (11) and the turbulent melt reaction casting body (1), the amplitude generator (23) relatively rotates on the vibrator base (24), in the process of relative rotation, the sector surface of the sector hollow (231) relatively slides on the ball (242), and due to the existence of the first right-angled triangle (232) and the second right-angled triangle (233), the amplitude generator (23) is simultaneously axially periodically vibrated on the vibrator base (24), and the turbulent melt reaction casting body (1) is axially periodically vibrated.

2. A homogenous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt according to claim 1, wherein, The combination room includes a gas room (3), a liquid room (4) and a solid room (6), which are detachably connected in sequence through the clamping slots, the solid room (6) is located at the top end of the revolution shaft (14), the combination pipeline includes two left and right gas pipelines (8), two liquid pipelines (9) and two solid pipelines (10), one end of the left and right gas pipelines (8) is communicated with the left and right sides of the gas room (3) respectively, the other end of the left and right gas pipelines (8) is communicated with the left and right turbulent melt reaction casting bodies (1) respectively, one end of the left and right liquid pipelines (9) is communicated with the left and right sides of the liquid room (4) respectively, the other end of the left and right liquid pipelines (9) is communicated with the left and right turbulent melt reaction casting bodies (1) respectively, one end of the left and right solid pipelines (10) is communicated with the left and right sides of the solid room (6) respectively, the other end of the left and right solid pipelines (10) is communicated with the left and right turbulent melt reaction casting bodies (1) respectively, one end of the left and right liquid pipelines (9) is communicated with the left and right sides of the liquid room (4) respectively, the other end of the left and right liquid pipelines (9) is communicated with the left and right turbulent melt reaction casting bodies (1) respectively, one end of the left and right solid pipelines (10) is communicated with the left and right sides of the solid room (6) respectively, the other end of the left and right solid pipelines (10) is communicated with the left and right turbulent melt reaction casting bodies (1) respectively, the liquid room (4) has a heat preservation function, the pre-added liquid (5) is preheated and placed in the liquid room (4), the solid room (6) also has a heat preservation function, the pre-added solid (7) is pre-dried and preheated and placed in the solid room (6), the gas room (3) is filled with gas through the gas inlet (26), the left and right sides of the gas room (3) are provided with control valves for controlling the opening and closing of the gas pipeline (8), and the liquid room (4) and the solid room (6) do not need to be provided with control valves.

3. A homogenous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt according to claim 2, wherein, The turbulent melt reaction casting body (1) includes a boss cover (16), a cylindrical body, a support assembly, a heat insulation material (18), a graphite crucible (20) and a heat absorber (21), the boss cover (16) is sealingly arranged on the cylindrical body, the support assembly is arranged in the cylindrical body, the graphite crucible (20) and the heat absorber (21) are arranged in the support assembly, the heat absorber (21) is arranged directly below the graphite crucible (20), and the bottom of the graphite crucible (20) is heat-absorbed.

4. A homogenous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt according to claim 3, wherein, The support assembly comprises a support group (17), a partition group (19) and a support base (22), the support group (17) and the partition group (19) are arranged perpendicularly, the partition group (19) comprises a plurality of circular partitions with equal distance, the support group (17) comprises a plurality of vertical support rods, the circular partitions are plate-shaped with an inner hollow structure, the support base (22) is arranged below the partition group (19), the support base (22) comprises a support platform (221) and a lower convex part (222), the lower convex part (222) is arranged below the support platform (221), the lower convex part (222) and the support platform (221) are coaxially arranged integrally or fixedly connected, the support platform (221) has the same outer diameter as the circular partitions, the outer diameter of the lower convex part (222) is smaller than that of the support platform (221), the support base (22) is provided with a concave groove (223) at the center, the plurality of vertical support rods penetrate through the middle of the plurality of circular partitions, the upper and lower ends of the plurality of vertical support rods are fixedly connected with the top circular partition and the support platform (221) respectively, a part of the support rods are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the circular partitions, and the other part of the support rods are evenly distributed on the inner edge of the circular partitions, the graphite crucible (20) has an octagonal prism shape and a cylindrical inner part, the graphite crucible (20) is arranged in a cubic space formed by the inner part of the circular partitions, the octagonal prism shape is matched with the cubic space, the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible (20) is arranged on the support platform (221), the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible (20) covers the concave groove (223), the heat-absorbing body (21) is arranged in the concave groove (223), the heat-absorbing body (21) is in direct contact with the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible (20) and used for cooling the octagonal bottom of the graphite crucible (20), and the heat-insulating material (18) is filled in the gap between the support group (17) and the partition group (19) and used for heat preservation of the graphite crucible (20).

5. A homogenous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt according to claim 4, wherein, The boss cover (16) includes a central boss (161) and a circumferential cover (162), the central boss (161) is located at the center top of the circumferential cover (162), the central boss (161) is matched with the graphite crucible (20), the circumferential cover (162) is used for capping the support assembly, the central boss (161) is provided with a gas outlet (15), a gas pipeline interface (81), a liquid pipeline interface (91) and a solid pipeline interface (101), the gas outlet (15) is used for gas outlet, one end of the gas pipeline (8) is inserted into the gas pipeline interface (81) and can relatively rotate, one end of the liquid pipeline (9) is inserted into the liquid pipeline interface (91) and can relatively rotate, one end of the solid pipeline (10) is inserted into the solid pipeline interface (101) and can relatively rotate.

6. A homogenous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt according to claim 2, wherein, The solid chamber (6) is internally provided with a rotating channel, a clamping groove is arranged in the rotating channel, and the pre-added solid (7) is placed in the clamping groove, so that the pre-added solid (7) can enter the solid pipeline (10) only at a higher critical rotating speed, thereby changing the order of the pre-added liquid (5) and the pre-added solid (7) entering the turbulent melt reaction casting body (1).

7. A homogenous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt according to claim 3, wherein, The volume of the original melt in the graphite crucible (20) and the pre-added solid (7) and the pre-added liquid (5) is less than half of the volume of the graphite crucible (20).

8. A homogenous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt according to claim 3, wherein, According to different in-situ reaction needs, one or two or three of the gas chamber, the solid chamber and the liquid chamber are selectively used.

9. A homogenous casting device based on in-situ reaction of turbulent melt according to claim 3, wherein, The length of the same straight angle side in the fan-shaped hollow part (231) is designed according to the wall sticking degree between the original melt and the graphite crucible (20), the longer the length is, the more serious the wall sticking is, thereby improving the vibration amplitude.

10. A method for using the homogeneous casting device based on turbulent melt in-situ reaction according to any one of claims 4-5, comprising the following steps: (1) performing preliminary work: heating and melting the original melt in the graphite crucible (20), preheating the pre-added liquid (5), wrapping the pre-added solid (7) required to be added into the reaction with a metal foil of the same element as the original melt; assembling the amplitude generator (23) and the vibrator base (24) into the periodic vibrator (12), placing the periodic vibrator (12) into the bottom of the autorotation rotating cylinder (11), and assembling the support group (17), the heat insulation material (18), the partition plate group (19), the heat absorber (21) and the support base (22) into the turbulent melt reaction casting body (1). (2) charging process: the pre-added solid (7) is put into the solid chamber (6), the pre-heated pre-added liquid (5) is put into the liquid chamber (4), the pre-added gas is filled into the gas chamber (3), the gas chamber (3), liquid chamber (4) and solid chamber (6) are sequentially assembled from top to bottom; the graphite crucible (20) is covered with the boss cover (16) together with the internal melt and is loaded into the turbulent melt reaction casting body (1), the turbulent melt reaction casting body (1) is put into the self-rotating cylinder (11) and is fixed above the periodic vibrator (12), the drum cover (2) is covered, and the assembly of the reactor is realized; the solid pipe (10), liquid pipe (9) and gas pipe (8) are respectively installed to the solid chamber (6), liquid chamber (4) and gas chamber (3), the combined chamber is installed to the revolution rotating shaft (14), and the solid pipe (10), liquid pipe (9) and gas pipe (8) are all rotationally connected to the boss cover (16), and the assembly of the charger is realized; (3) starting process: start the vacuum pump, and extract the air pressure of the vacuum cavity after charging to below 0.1 Pa; the vacuum pump is closed, and the revolution motor and the self-rotating motor are started synchronously to drive the revolution rotating shaft (14) and the self-rotating rotating shaft (13) to rotate, with the increase of the rotating speed, the pre-added liquid (5) in the liquid chamber (4) and the pre-added solid (7) in the solid chamber (6) enter into the graphite crucible (20) through the liquid pipe (9) and the solid pipe (10) respectively, the control valve is opened to pass in the gas, and the gas is passed into the graphite crucible (20) from the gas chamber (3) through the gas pipe (8); the flow amount and the passing time of the gas are controlled through the control valve, and the adding time of the pre-added solid (7) is adjusted through the rotating channel and the clamping groove structure in the solid chamber (6); (4) reaction process: with the increase of the rotating speed, the mixed melt in the graphite crucible (20) forms a central vortex under the joint action of revolution and self-rotation, when the revolution and self-rotation speeds are both above 300 rpm, the mixed melt gradually enters into a turbulent state, that is, small vortexes and micro vortexes continuously appear in the central vortex, which greatly accelerates the exchange and convection of substances in the mixed melt; at this time, the already added solid, liquid and gas are quickly rolled into the mixed melt by the turbulent vortex, and are continuously decomposed and split by the vortexes, and various in-situ reactions are rapidly carried out in the mixed melt; when the rotating speed reaches above 1500 rpm, the in-situ reaction has been fully carried out, and the reaction products are uniformly dispersed in the existing melt; (5) solidification process: after the added solid, liquid and gas have completed the in-situ reaction, the vacuum pump is started again, after maintaining a high rotation speed for a period of time, the existing melt heat is gradually conducted from the bottom of the graphite crucible (20) to the heat sink (21), the first to solidify is the bottom of the graphite crucible (20) closest to the heat sink (21), the existing melt will solidify from bottom to top in turn, as the vacuum degree increases, the gas dissolved in the existing melt is also gradually discharged, obtaining a directionally solidified metal ingot; the periodic vibrator (12) generates high-frequency axial vibration as the rotation speed increases, greatly relieving the adhesion between the solidified metal and the wall of the graphite crucible (20); (6) material taking process: after complete solidification, each part is unloaded in turn according to the reverse assembly process, and the metal ingot in the graphite crucible (20) and the heat sink (21) are taken out, and water cooling to room temperature is performed, and the remaining parts can be air cooled.

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