Fish passing system suitable for low-water-head overflow dam and operation method of fish passing system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy project fish protection, in particular to a fish passing system suitable for a low-water-head overflow dam and an operation method thereof.The fish passing system comprises a lock chamber, an upper lock head and a lower lock head, the upper lock head and the lower lock head are arranged at the two ends of the lock chamber, gates are installed on the lock heads, and flow guide openings are formed in the gates; a main rotating blade is fixedly arranged at the position, close to the flow guide opening, in the lock chamber, reciprocating assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the main rotating blade, each reciprocating assembly comprises a rotating rod and a guide rod which are arranged in parallel, and the main rotating blade is in transmission connection with the rotating rods of the reciprocating assemblies on the two sides through transmission assemblies. Reciprocating plates are arranged on the rotating rods, the reciprocating plates are arranged on the guide rods in a sliding and sleeving mode, rotatable overturning rods are arranged on the opposite reciprocating plates on the two sides, and disturbance frames are fixedly arranged on the overturning rods; the overturning rod drives the disturbance frame to overturn together, so that the disturbance frame is switched between a horizontal state and a vertical state; power conversion is conducted on water flow of the flow guide opening, the reciprocating plate on the rotating rod is driven to do reciprocating linear motion, and the migratory fishes are driven to ascend to an upstream water area through the automatic overturning disturbance frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fish protection in water conservancy projects, and in particular to a fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Low head overflow dams are a commonly used type of small dam. They are usually installed and operated on smaller rivers. These dams operate at low heads, so fish can pass without the traditional pool weir fishway.

[0003] A Chinese patent document (publication number: CN 113174908 A) discloses a fishway, which includes an inlet section, a passing section and an outlet section, wherein a fish attracting lamp is arranged at the inlet section, and a fish fin-shaped imitation sound vibration device is arranged at the inlet section. The fishway of the present invention is based on the auditory and visual motion response characteristics of fish, and is simulated by a mechanical device, which significantly improves the fish attracting effect and fish passing efficiency of the fishway, and reduces the ecological impact caused by artificial dam construction.

[0004] In the prior art, for migratory fish to pass through the lock chamber, additional power needs to be provided to drive the disturbance frame to drive away the migratory fish. After the disturbance frame drives away the fish, the disturbance frame cannot avoid the migratory fish when moving in the reverse direction. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam and an operating method thereof, which converts the water flow at the diversion port into power, and the converted power drives the reciprocating plate on the rotating rod to move back and forth in a straight line, thereby driving the migratory fish to move upstream to the upstream waters through the automatically switched flip disturbance frame.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam comprises a lock chamber and an upper lock head and a lower lock head arranged at both ends of the lock chamber, a gate is installed on each of the lock heads, and a diversion port is opened on the gate; a main rotating blade is fixedly arranged near the diversion port inside the lock chamber, and reciprocating components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade, and the reciprocating components include a rotating rod and a guide rod arranged in parallel, and the main rotating blade is connected to the rotating rods of the reciprocating components on both sides through a transmission assembly; a reciprocating plate is arranged on the rotating rod, and the reciprocating plate is slidably sleeved on the guide rod, and a rotatable flip rod is arranged on the reciprocating plates opposite to each other on both sides, and a disturbance frame is fixed on the flip rod; the flip rod drives the disturbance frame to flip together, so that the disturbance frame can be switched between a horizontal state and a vertical state; As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, both ends of the flip rod are connected to the reciprocating plate through bearings, a torsion spring is fixedly connected to the flip rod, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate; the flip rod is fixedly connected to the gear through a one-way bearing, and a toothed plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the gear, and the number of teeth on the toothed plate is one-fourth of the number of teeth on the gear; As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a swing rod is fixed on the flip rod, and a retractable lock tongue is arranged on the reciprocating plate. When the swing rod rotates together with the flip rod, the swing rod squeezes the lock tongue and then abuts against the lock tongue in the reverse direction, and the lock tongue is connected to the reset component; As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the reset assembly includes a slide groove provided on the reciprocating plate, the slide groove and the reciprocating plate adjacent to one side of the swing rod form a through hole, the head end of the lock tongue is slidably installed in the through hole; the end of the lock tongue is fixedly installed with a first spring, and the free end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the stopper on the reciprocating plate; the upper and lower sides of the tail end of the lock tongue are fixedly connected to the side U-shaped rod, and groove bodies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side U-shaped rod, and the groove bodies are fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate; a second spring is installed at the bottom of the groove body, and a guide plate is slidably arranged in the groove body, the guide plate abuts the second spring, a wedge block is fixedly arranged on the guide plate, and the inclined surface of the wedge block abuts the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod; a pressure plate is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the wedge block away from the side U-shaped rod; As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a support frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the gate chamber, and a main rotating blade is installed on the support frame; the transmission assembly includes an active bevel gear on the output shaft of the main rotating blade, and the two sides of the active bevel gear are symmetrically meshed with the driven bevel gear, and the driven bevel gear is fixed at the end of the gear shaft, and the other end of the gear shaft is fixedly provided with a first bevel gear, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear; the second bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the rotating rod; As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a reciprocating structure is arranged between the rotating rod and the reciprocating plate, and the reciprocating structure is a double-thread reciprocating structure or a cylindrical cam reciprocating structure; As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the output shaft of the main rotating blade, the gear shaft and the rotating rod are all installed at the bottom of the gate chamber through a support rod, and the connection with the support rod is connected by a bearing; As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, two sets of reciprocating components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blades, the rotating rods of adjacent reciprocating components are connected by couplings, and the auxiliary rotating blades are fixedly installed between the adjacent rotating rods; As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a one-way bearing is installed on the auxiliary rotating blade; As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, The method for operating the fish passing system comprises the following steps: S1. Close the gate of the upper gate and open the gate of the lower gate; let the water inside the lock chamber flow out through the gate of the lower gate, and the downward water flow will lead the migratory fish into the lock chamber, and close the gate of the lower gate; S2. Open the diversion port of the upper gate to introduce the upstream water flow into the gate chamber; the water flow flowing down through the diversion port to the gate chamber drives the main rotating blade to rotate, and the output shaft of the main rotating blade drives the rotating rods on both sides to rotate through the power assembly, and the reciprocating plate performs reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rod; the gear on the flip rod meshes and rotates on the toothed plate, and the disturbance frame and the swing rod on the flip rod rotate together, and the disturbance frame rotates from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and the swing rod rotates to the position where the lock tongue is locked. At this time, the reciprocating plate drives the vertical disturbance frame toward the upper gate. The water flow is directed in the direction of the gate to drive away the migratory fish and make them enter the upstream waters from the diversion port; during the movement, when the pressure plate on the reciprocating plate collides with the adjacent support rod, the pressure plate drives the wedge block to extend into the side U-shaped rod, and the wedge block squeezes the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod, so that the side U-shaped rod and the lock tongue are moved away from the swing rod together, and the lock tongue releases the limit on the swing rod; under the action of the torsion spring, the flip rod drives the disturbance frame to reset and rotate, so that the disturbance frame rotates to a horizontal position, so as to avoid the disturbance frame from interfering with the migratory fish in the process of moving toward the lower gate head; S3, when the height difference between the water level inside the lock chamber and the water level in the upstream area is reduced by 4 / 5, the upper lock gate is opened to allow the upstream water flow to fully enter the lock chamber and the migratory fish inside the lock chamber to move upward; S4. Close the gate and diversion port at the upper sluice gate, open the gate at the lower sluice gate, release the water flow inside the sluice chamber, attract new migratory fish into the sluice chamber for the next cycle operation, and help the migratory fish to move upward.

[0007] 1. The present invention provides a diversion port on the gate. In the process of leveling the water inside the lock chamber, the gate is opened after the water flows into the lock chamber through the diversion port, thereby avoiding opening the gate under the condition of a large pressure difference, avoiding the need for a large-power power device and consuming more energy, and saving resources. The water flowing out of the diversion port is converted into power by rotating blades, and the converted power continuously drives the migratory fish to the upstream waters, thereby saving energy and improving the efficiency of the migratory fish in ascending.

[0008] In the present invention, when the upstream gate is in water level operation, the upstream water flow impacts the main rotating blades, and the main rotating blades drive the rotating rods on both sides to rotate through the transmission assembly, and the rotating rods drive the reciprocating plate to realize reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rods, and the disturbance frame arranged on the reciprocating plate turns over together with the turning rod; when the reciprocating plate moves toward the upstream gate, the disturbance frame is in a vertical state, and the migratory fish are driven to move upward into the upstream water area; when the reciprocating plate moves toward the downstream gate, the disturbance frame is in a horizontal state, and the migratory fish are avoided from being interfered with in the upward movement; the disturbance frame realizes automatic switching of the state according to the moving direction through the power provided by the water flow, and no additional power device is required, and no manual operation is required, thereby saving manpower and financial resources.

[0009] 2. When the reciprocating plate of the present invention is in the initial state (the reciprocating plate moves toward the upstream gate), the gear on the flip rod meshes and rotates on the toothed plate, and the swing rod on the flip rod rotates with it until the swing rod squeezes the lock tongue and then abuts against the lock tongue in the opposite direction to form a stable state; the trajectory generated when the swing rod rotates to the lock tongue position forms an angle of 90 degrees, ensuring that the disturbance frame completes a 90-degree flip from the horizontal state to the vertical state; the lock tongue of the reset assembly of the present invention is normally located outside the through hole, and when the side U-shaped rod is driven by an external force, the side U-shaped rod drives the lock tongue to retract into the through hole, and after the external force is released , resets under the action of the first spring, and the lock tongue extends out; the guide plate slides in the groove body, and the inclined surface of the wedge block abuts against the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod; when the reciprocating plate moves toward the upstream gate, and the pressure plate contacts and collides with the adjacent support rod, the pressure plate drives the wedge block to squeeze toward the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod, so that the side U-shaped rod and the lock tongue move together in the direction away from the swing rod, and the limit on the swing rod is released; under the action of the torsion spring, the flip rod rotates to restore to the initial position, driving the disturbance frame to rotate from the vertical state to the horizontal state; after the reciprocating plate moves to the initial position, it enters the next operation, and drives the migratory fish upward in a cycle; The reciprocating plate of the present invention can realize automatic flipping and horizontal conversion of the disturbance frame during operation, thus saving manpower and equipment costs; the wedge block and the side U-shaped rod are both arranged on the reciprocating plate, and their positions are relatively fixed, thus ensuring that the wedge block of the reset assembly is extended into the inside of the side U-shaped rod without deviation, and stable reset is performed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lock chamber of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lock chamber of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the transmission assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the reciprocating assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the reset assembly of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 6 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the reset assembly of the present invention Figure 2 ; In the figure: lock chamber 10; upper lock head 11; lower lock head 12; gate 13; diversion port 14; main rotating blade 15; support rod 16; rotating rod 17; guide rod 18; auxiliary rotating blade 19; disturbance frame 21; support frame 22; active bevel gear 23; driven bevel gear 24; first bevel gear 25; second bevel gear 26; coupling 27; reciprocating plate 28; flip rod 29; gear 30; one-way bearing 31; torsion spring 32; rocker arm 33; tooth plate 34; lock tongue 35; first spring 36; side U-shaped rod 37; slot body 38; second spring 39; pressure plate 40; guide plate 41; wedge block 42; stop block 43; slot body 44; through hole 45. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0012] Contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0013] Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown in the figure, a fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam comprises a lock chamber 10, and an upper lock head 11 and a lower lock head 12 arranged at both ends of the lock chamber 10, a gate 13 is installed on each of the upper lock head 11 and the lower lock head 12, and a diversion port 14 is opened on the gate 13; a main rotating blade 15 is fixedly arranged near the diversion port 14 inside the lock chamber 10, and reciprocating components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade 15, and the reciprocating components include a rotating rod 17 and a guide rod 18 arranged in parallel, and the main rotating blade 15 is connected to the rotating rod 17 of the reciprocating components on both sides through a transmission assembly; a reciprocating plate 28 is arranged on the rotating rod 17, and the reciprocating plate 28 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 18, and a rotatable flip rod 29 is arranged on the reciprocating plates 28 opposite to each other on both sides, and a disturbance frame 21 is fixed on the flip rod 29; the flip rod 29 drives the disturbance frame 21 to flip together, so that the disturbance frame 21 is switched between a horizontal state and a vertical state.

[0014] In the present invention, migratory fishes pass through the lock chamber 10 from the downstream water area to raise the water level before entering the upstream water area; the downstream gate is opened to attract the migratory fishes into the lock chamber 10, the downstream gate is closed, and then the upstream gate is opened to perform water leveling operation, the upstream gate is opened to drive the migratory fishes upstream, and then the upstream gate is closed; the water in the lock chamber is then discharged to the downstream to attract new migratory fishes to enter the lock chamber, and the next water leveling and fish driving operation is performed; the above operation is repeated to help the migratory fishes to move upward.

[0015] The present invention opens a diversion port 14 on the gate 13. In the process of leveling the water inside the lock chamber, the gate is opened after the water flows into the lock chamber through the diversion port 14, so as to avoid opening the gate under the condition of a large pressure difference, avoid equipping a large-power power device and consuming more energy, and save resources; the water flowing out of the diversion port 14 is converted into power through rotating blades, so as to continuously drive the migratory fish to the upstream waters, save energy, and improve the efficiency of the migratory fish in ascending.

[0016] In the present invention, when the upstream gate is in water leveling operation, the upstream water flow impacts the main rotating blade 15, and the main rotating blade 15 drives the rotating rods 17 on both sides to rotate through the transmission assembly, and the rotating rods 17 drive the reciprocating plate 28 to realize reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rods 17, and the disturbance frame 21 arranged on the reciprocating plate 28 turns over together with the turning rod 29; when the reciprocating plate 28 moves toward the upstream gate, the disturbance frame 21 is in a vertical state, driving the migratory fish to enter the upstream waters; when the reciprocating plate 28 moves toward the downstream gate, the disturbance frame 21 is in a horizontal state, avoiding interference with the migratory fish's upward movement; the disturbance frame 21 realizes automatic switching of states along the moving direction, without the need to provide a power device or manual operation, thus saving manpower and financial resources.

[0017] Among them, the opening and closing of the gate 13 and the diversion port 14 are the same as the principles of the gate of the dam ship lock, which are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0018] Furthermore, both ends of the flip rod 29 are connected to the reciprocating plate 28 through bearings, a torsion spring 32 is fixedly connected to the flip rod 29, and the other end of the torsion spring 32 is fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate 28; the flip rod 29 is fixedly connected to the gear 30 through a one-way bearing 31, and a tooth plate 34 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the gear 30, and the number of plate teeth of the tooth plate 34 is one-fourth of the number of teeth of the gear. Furthermore, a swing rod 33 is fixedly provided on the flip rod 29, and a retractable lock tongue 35 is provided on the reciprocating plate 28. When the swing rod 33 rotates with the flip rod 29, the swing rod 33 squeezes the lock tongue 35 and then abuts against the lock tongue 35 in the opposite direction, and the lock tongue 35 is connected to the reset assembly.

[0019] Figure 4As shown in, when the gear 30 on the flip rod 29 meshes and rotates on the tooth plate 34, the rocker arm 33 on the flip rod 29 rotates along with it until the rocker arm 33 squeezes the lock tongue 35 and then reversely abuts against the lock tongue 35 to form a stable state; wherein, the trajectory generated when the rocker arm 33 rotates to the position of the lock tongue 35 forms an angle of 90 degrees, ensuring that the disturbance frame 21 completes a 90-degree flip from a horizontal state to a vertical state; through the meshing and rotation of the gear 30 on the tooth plate 34, the flip rod 29 rotates along with it, and when the flip rod 29 rotates 90 degrees, the gear 30 also rotates 90 degrees, and the number of teeth on the tooth plate 34 is set to one-fourth of the number of teeth on the gear 30, so that when the rocker arm 33 rotates to the locking position of the lock tongue 35, the gear 30 no longer meshes with the tooth plate 34 to rotate, and the gear 30 does not rotate.

[0020] The torsion spring 32 is fixedly connected to the flip rod 29 and the reciprocating plate 28. The torsion spring 32 limits the flip rod 29. When the locking tongue 35 is released from the limit, under the action of the torsion spring 32, the flip rod 29 rotates in the opposite direction to return to the initial position, and the disturbance frame 21 is rotated to the horizontal position.

[0021] Among them, the gear 30 is connected to the flip rod 29 through a one-way bearing 31. When the reciprocating plate 28 moves toward the upstream gate, the one-way bearing 31 is locked in one direction, which will cause the flip rod 29 and the gear 30 to rotate together; when the reciprocating plate 28 moves toward the downstream gate, the one-way bearing 31 idles, at this time, the gear 30 rotates, and the flip rod 29 does not move.

[0022] Furthermore, the reset assembly includes a slide groove 44 opened on the reciprocating plate 28, the slide groove 44 and the reciprocating plate 28 adjacent to the side of the swing rod 33 form a through hole 45, the head end of the lock tongue 35 is slidably installed in the through hole 45; the end of the lock tongue 35 is fixedly installed with a first spring 36, and the free end of the first spring 36 is fixedly connected to the stopper 43 on the reciprocating plate 28; the upper and lower sides of the tail end of the lock tongue 35 are fixedly connected to the side U-shaped rod 37, and groove bodies 38 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side U-shaped rod 37, and the groove bodies 38 are fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate 28; a second spring 39 is installed at the bottom of the groove body 38, and a guide plate 41 is slidably arranged in the groove body 38, the guide plate 41 abuts the second spring 39, a wedge block 42 is fixed on the guide plate 41, and the inclined surface of the wedge block 42 abuts the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod 37; a pressure plate 40 is fixed on the end surface of the wedge block 42 away from the side U-shaped rod 37.

[0023] Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown in the figure, the lock tongue 35 is fixedly connected to the side U-shaped rod 37, and the lock tongue 35 is slidably installed in the through hole 45. When the lock tongue 35 slides, the side U-shaped rod 37 slides with the lock tongue 35; the stopper 43 is fixedly connected to the slide groove 44 of the reciprocating plate 28, and the side U-shaped rod 37 is sleeved on the stopper 43. The end of the lock tongue 35 is fixedly installed with the first spring 36, and the other end of the first spring 36 is fixedly connected to the stopper 43 on the reciprocating plate 28; under normal circumstances, the lock tongue 35 is located outside the through hole 45. When the side U-shaped rod 37 is driven by an external force, the side U-shaped rod 37 drives the lock tongue 35 to retract into the through hole 45. After the external force is released, it is reset under the action of the first spring 36.

[0024] The guide plate 41 slides in the groove body 38, and a second spring 39 is provided at the bottom, which is a return spring; the inclined surface of the wedge block 42 abuts against the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod 37, and a pressure plate 40 is fixed on the end surface of the wedge block 42 away from the side U-shaped rod 37; when the reciprocating plate 28 moves toward the upstream gate, and the pressure plate 40 contacts and collides with the adjacent support rod 16, the pressure plate 40 drives the wedge block 42 to squeeze toward the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod 37, so that the side U-shaped rod 37 and the lock tongue 35 move together in a direction away from the rocker arm 33, thereby releasing the limit on the rocker arm 33.

[0025] During the operation of the reciprocating plate 28, the disturbance frame 21 is automatically turned over and horizontally converted, saving manpower and equipment costs.

[0026] A limiting member (not shown) is disposed outside the slide groove 44 to improve the integrity of the structure. In order to facilitate viewing of the internal structure in the attached drawings, the limiting member is omitted in the present invention.

[0027] Furthermore, a support frame 22 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the gate chamber 10, and the main rotating blade 15 is installed on the support frame 22; the transmission assembly includes an active bevel gear 23 on the output shaft of the main rotating blade 15, and the two sides of the active bevel gear 23 are symmetrically meshed with driven bevel gears 24, and the driven bevel gear 24 is fixed at the end of the gear shaft, and the other end of the gear shaft is fixedly provided with a first bevel gear 25, and the first bevel gear 25 meshes with the second bevel gear 26; the second bevel gear 26 is fixedly installed on the rotating rod 17.

[0028] Figure 3As shown in the figure, when the water flow of the upstream gate impacts the main rotating blade 15, the active bevel gear 23 on the output shaft of the main rotating blade 15 drives the driven bevel gears 24 on both sides to rotate, and the driven bevel gear 24 transmits power through the first bevel gear 25 at the end of the gear shaft, and engages the second bevel gear 26 on the rotating rod 17; through the connection and cooperation of the transmission assembly, the power generated by the main rotating blade 15 is transmitted to the rotating rod 17 on both sides, and the rotating rods 17 on both sides have the same direction of rotation. When subjected to the impact of the water flow, the main rotating blade 15 and the auxiliary rotating blades 19 on both sides rotate in the same direction, making full use of the kinetic energy generated by the water flow to provide stable power to the rotating rod 17; the reciprocating plate 28 and the disturbance frame 21 move together to drive the migratory fish and make the migratory fish enter the upstream waters.

[0029] Furthermore, a reciprocating structure is provided between the rotating rod 17 and the reciprocating plate 28 , and the reciprocating structure is a double-thread reciprocating structure (not shown in the figure) or a cylindrical cam reciprocating structure (not shown in the figure).

[0030] The double-thread reciprocating structure usually refers to a screw mechanism composed of two sets of screw pairs, also known as a double-helix pair mechanism. In the double-helix mechanism, the combined screw is composed of two screws with different pitches or rotation directions, which are respectively matched with the movable nut and the fixed nut to form two sets of screw pairs. When the screw rotates, the screw has linear motion relative to the fixed nut and the movable nut has linear motion relative to the screw, which is ultimately reflected in the movement of the movable nut relative to the frame, forming a motion synthesis relationship. The double-thread reciprocating structure realizes reciprocating motion through the synthesis of the rotation of the screw pair and the linear motion; The cylindrical cam reciprocating mechanism is a mechanism that uses the relative motion between the cylindrical cam and the follower to achieve reciprocating motion. During the rotation of the cylindrical cam, its contour shape pushes the follower (such as rollers, sliders, etc.) to reciprocate along a certain trajectory. The cylindrical cam reciprocating structure has compact structure, reliable motion, stable transmission performance, and long service life. The cylindrical cam reciprocating structure pushes the follower to reciprocate through the rotation of the cylindrical cam.

[0031] The double-thread reciprocating structure and the cylindrical cam reciprocating structure are both existing technologies and will not be described in detail.

[0032] The reset plate 28 realizes reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rod 17, and the starting point and the end point of the motion trajectory of the reset plate 28 are located between two adjacent support rods 16; wherein, the starting point and the end point are both the turning points of the reciprocating linear motion.

[0033] The starting point is located between the support rod 16 and the adjacent tooth plate 34, and the end point is located near the support rod 16 on the side away from the tooth plate 34; the end point is close to the support rod 17 to ensure that the pressure plate 40 of the reset assembly immediately returns after contacting and colliding with the support rod 16.

[0034] Figure 2As shown in FIG. 1 , when the rotating rod 17 rotates, the reciprocating plate 28 slides on the guide rod 18 , and reciprocating linear motion is achieved through a double-thread reciprocating structure or a cylindrical cam reciprocating structure.

[0035] Furthermore, the output shaft of the main rotating blade 15, the gear shaft and the rotating rod 17 are all installed at the bottom of the gate chamber 10 through the support rod 16, and the connection with the support rod 16 is connected by bearings.

[0036] Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the support rod 16 supports and stabilizes the output shaft, gear shaft and rotating rod 17 of the main rotating blade 15, and bearings are used at the connection to enhance the flexibility of rotation; the support rod 16 collides with the pressure plate 40 moving towards each other, and the pressure plate 40 drives the wedge block 42 to move together, and the wedge block 42 squeezes the side U-shaped rod 37, so that the side U-shaped rod 37 is away from the rocker rod 33, so that the locking tongue 35 is separated from the rocker rod 33, and the reset assembly is reset.

[0037] Furthermore, a plurality of reciprocating components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade 15 , the rotating rods 17 of adjacent reciprocating components are connected by a coupling 27 , and the auxiliary rotating blades 19 are fixedly installed between adjacent rotating rods 17 .

[0038] Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the rotating rod 17 is arranged in series in sections to avoid deformation of the rotating rod 17 caused by long-distance arrangement, which affects the reciprocating linear motion of the reciprocating plate 28; multiple sections are added to the rotating rod 17, and auxiliary rotating blades 19 are added at the connection to enhance the power so that the rotating rod 17 can rotate continuously and stably.

[0039] Furthermore, a one-way bearing is installed on the auxiliary rotating blade 19 .

[0040] A one-way bearing is provided at the connection between the auxiliary rotating blade 19 and the rotating rod 17. When the auxiliary rotating blade 19 is locked, the direction in which the auxiliary rotating blade 19 rotates together with the rotating rod 17 is consistent with the direction of rotation of the main rotating blade 15, thereby strengthening the main power; otherwise, the one-way bearing idles, thereby preventing the auxiliary rotating blade 19 from rotating in the opposite direction or hindering the main power.

[0041] The main body of the disturbance frame 21 adopts a streamlined shape; the surface of the streamlined shape is smooth, and the shape changes gradually without sharp turns or protrusions. This shape can guide the water flow to flow smoothly over the surface of the object, reduce the formation of eddies and turbulence, and thus significantly reduce resistance.

[0042] The method for operating the fish passing system comprises the following steps: S1, close the gate of the upper gate 11, open the gate of the lower gate 12; let the water inside the lock chamber 10 flow out through the gate of the lower gate 12, the downward water flow will lead the migratory fish into the lock chamber 10, and close the gate of the lower gate 12; S2. Open the diversion port 14 of the gate of the upper gate head 11 to introduce the upstream water flow into the gate chamber 10; the water flow that flows downward into the gate chamber 10 through the diversion port 14 drives the main rotating blade 15 to rotate, and the output shaft of the main rotating blade 15 drives the rotating rods 17 on both sides to rotate through the power assembly, and the reciprocating plate 28 performs reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rod 17; the gear 30 on the flip rod 29 meshes and rotates on the tooth plate 34, and the disturbance frame 21 and the swing rod 33 on the flip rod 29 rotate together, and the disturbance frame 21 rotates from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and the swing rod 33 rotates to a position where the lock tongue 35 is locked. At this time, the reciprocating plate 28 drives the vertical disturbance frame 21 toward the upper gate head 11 gate direction, driving the migratory fish, so that the migratory fish enter the upstream waters from the diversion port 14; during the process of moving, when the pressure plate 40 on the reciprocating plate 28 collides with the adjacent support rod 16, the pressure plate 40 drives the wedge block 42 to extend into the side U-shaped rod 37, and the wedge block 42 squeezes the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod 37, so that the side U-shaped rod 37 and the lock tongue 35 are away from the swing rod 33, and the lock tongue 35 releases the limit on the swing rod 33; under the action of the torsion spring 32, the flip rod 29 drives the disturbance frame 21 to reset and rotate, so that the disturbance frame 21 rotates to a horizontal position, so as to avoid the disturbance frame 21 from interfering with the migratory fish in the process of moving toward the lower gate head 12; S3, when the height difference between the water level inside the lock chamber 10 and the upstream water area is reduced by 4 / 5, the gate of the upper lock head 11 is opened to allow the upstream water flow to fully enter the lock chamber 10, and the migratory fish inside the lock chamber 10 move upward; S4, close the gate of the upper gate head 11 and the diversion port 14, open the gate of the lower gate head 12, release the water flow inside the lock chamber 10, attract new migratory fish to enter the lock chamber 10 for the next cycle operation, and help the migratory fish to move upward.

[0043] The present invention illustrates the technical concept of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that the relevant improvements to the present invention fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish passing system suitable for a low-head overflow dam, comprising a lock chamber (10) and an upper lock head (11) and a lower lock head (12) arranged at both ends of the lock chamber (10), wherein a gate (13) is installed on each of the lock heads, characterized in that: The gate (13) is provided with a flow guide port (14); a main rotating blade (15) is fixedly arranged near the flow guide port (14) inside the gate chamber (10); reciprocating components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade (15); the reciprocating components include a rotating rod (17) and a guide rod (18) arranged in parallel; the main rotating blade (15) is connected to the rotating rods (17) of the reciprocating components on both sides through a transmission component; a reciprocating plate (28) is arranged on the rotating rod (17); the reciprocating plate (28) is slidably sleeved on the guide rod (18); rotatable flipping rods (29) are arranged on the reciprocating plates (28) opposite to each other on both sides; a disturbance frame (21) is fixedly arranged on the flipping rod (29); the flipping rod (29) drives the disturbance frame (21) to flip together, so that the disturbance frame (21) can be switched between a horizontal state and a vertical state.

2. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the flip rod (29) are connected to the reciprocating plate (28) via bearings; a torsion spring (32) is fixedly connected to the flip rod (29); the other end of the torsion spring (32) is fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate (28); the flip rod (29) is fixedly connected to the gear (30) via a one-way bearing (31); a toothed plate (34) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the gear (30); the number of plate teeth of the toothed plate (34) is one-fourth the number of teeth of the gear.

3. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: A swing rod (33) is fixedly provided on the flip rod (29), and a retractable lock tongue (35) is provided on the reciprocating plate (28). When the swing rod (33) rotates together with the flip rod (29), the swing rod (33) squeezes the lock tongue (35) and then abuts against the lock tongue (35) in the reverse direction. The lock tongue (35) is connected to a reset assembly.

4. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reset assembly comprises a slide groove (44) formed on the reciprocating plate (28), the slide groove (44) and the reciprocating plate (28) adjacent to the side of the swing rod (33) form a through hole (45), the head end of the lock tongue (35) is slidably installed in the through hole (45); the tail end of the lock tongue (35) is fixedly installed with a first spring (36), the free end of the first spring (36) is fixedly connected to the stopper (43) on the reciprocating plate (28); the upper and lower sides of the tail end of the lock tongue (35) are fixedly connected to the side U-shaped rod (37 ), grooves (38) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side U-shaped rod (37), and the grooves (38) are fixedly connected to the reciprocating plate (28); a second spring (39) is installed at the bottom of the groove (38), a guide plate (41) is slidably arranged in the groove (38), the guide plate (41) abuts against the second spring (39), a wedge block (42) is fixedly arranged on the guide plate (41), and the inclined surface of the wedge block (42) abuts against the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod (37); a pressure plate (40) is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the wedge block (42) away from the side U-shaped rod (37).

5. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (22) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the gate chamber (10), and a main rotating blade (15) is mounted on the support frame (22); the transmission assembly comprises a driving bevel gear (23) on the output shaft of the main rotating blade (15), two sides of the driving bevel gear (23) are symmetrically meshed with driven bevel gears (24), the driven bevel gear (24) is fixedly arranged at the end of the gear shaft, a first bevel gear (25) is fixedly arranged at the other end of the gear shaft, and the first bevel gear (25) is meshed with a second bevel gear (26); the second bevel gear (26) is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod (17).

6. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 5, characterized in that: A reciprocating structure is provided between the rotating rod (17) and the reciprocating plate (28), and the reciprocating structure is a double-thread reciprocating structure or a cylindrical cam reciprocating structure.

7. The fish passing system suitable for low head overflow dam according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output shaft of the main rotating blade (15), the gear shaft and the rotating rod (17) are all mounted on the bottom of the gate chamber (10) via a support rod (16), and the connection points with the support rod (16) are all connected by bearings.

8. The fish passing system applicable to low head overflow dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: Arrays of reciprocating assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main rotating blade (15); the rotating rods (17) of adjacent reciprocating assemblies are connected via couplings (27); and auxiliary rotating blades (19) are fixedly mounted between adjacent rotating rods (17).

9. The fish passing system applicable to low head overflow dam according to claim 7, characterized in that: A one-way bearing is mounted on the auxiliary rotating blade (19).

10. The method for operating the fish passing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, closing the gate of the upper gate head (11), opening the gate of the lower gate head (12); allowing the water inside the lock chamber (10) to flow out through the gate of the lower gate head (12), and the downward water flow will lead the migratory fish into the lock chamber (10), and then closing the gate of the lower gate head (12); S2. Open the diversion port (14) of the gate of the upper gate head (11) to guide the upstream water flow into the gate chamber (10); the water flow that flows downward into the gate chamber (10) through the diversion port (14) drives the main rotating blade (15) to rotate, and the output shaft of the main rotating blade (15) drives the rotating rods (17) on both sides to rotate through the power assembly, and the reciprocating plate (28) performs reciprocating linear motion on the rotating rod (17); the gear (30) on the flip rod (29) meshes and rotates on the toothed plate (34), and the disturbance frame (21) and the swing rod (33) on the flip rod (29) rotate together, and the disturbance frame (21) rotates from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and the swing rod (33) rotates to a position where the lock tongue (35) is locked; at this time, the reciprocating plate (28) drives the vertical disturbance frame (21) toward the upper gate head (11). 1) moving in the direction of the gate to drive away migratory fish, so that the migratory fish enter the upstream waters from the diversion port (14); during the moving process, when the pressure plate (40) on the reciprocating plate (28) collides with the adjacent support rod (16), the pressure plate (40) drives the wedge block (42) to extend into the side U-shaped rod (37), and the wedge block (42) squeezes the inner wall of the side U-shaped rod (37), so that the side U-shaped rod (37) and the lock tongue (35) are moved away from the swing rod (33), and the lock tongue (35) releases the limit on the swing rod (33); under the action of the torsion spring (32), the flip rod (29) drives the disturbance frame (21) to reset and rotate, so that the disturbance frame (21) rotates to a horizontal position, so as to prevent the disturbance frame (21) from interfering with the migratory fish moving upward in the process of moving toward the lower gate head (12); S3, when the height difference between the water level inside the lock chamber (10) and the water level in the upstream water area is reduced by 4 / 5, the gate of the upper lock head (11) is opened to allow the upstream water flow to fully enter the lock chamber (10), and the migratory fish inside the lock chamber (10) move upward; S4, closing the gate of the upper gate head (11) and the diversion port (14), opening the gate of the lower gate head (12), releasing the water flow inside the gate chamber (10), attracting new migratory fish to enter the gate chamber (10), and performing the next cycle operation to help the migratory fish to move upward.

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