Measurement and calculation method for gradually changing horseshoe shape into city door opening shape

Abstract

The invention discloses a measurement and calculation method for gradually changing a horseshoe shape to a door opening shape, and belongs to the technical field of measurement. Comprising the following steps: S1, acquiring basic data of a project; s2, designing calculation methods of a top arc part, a straight wall part, a waist arc part and a bottom arc part in a partitioned manner; s3, forming a comprehensive calculation method, and designing initial input data; s4, automatically judging the position according to the input data; and S5, correspondingly outputting a calculation result. The method is rapid and efficient; the horizontal distance or the vertical distance or the radial distance from the measuring point to the design position can be obtained only by inputting the coordinates of the measuring point; the size parameter of any section can be calculated according to the actual situation, and the method can easily solve the problem of solving the product of the irregular shape which is not easy to establish a mathematical model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of measurement technology, and in particular to a measurement and calculation method for a gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape. Background Art

[0002] In modern engineering construction, the cross-section of buildings in the transition section is generally square to round or round to square; therefore, the measurement work in the construction process of these transition sections is much more difficult than other parts. Especially in hydraulic structures, in order to ensure the construction accuracy and quality, a wealth of measurement experience and methods have been accumulated in the construction of such buildings. However, the construction of buildings where the gate hole is transformed into a horseshoe shape or the horseshoe shape is transformed into a gate hole shape is still limited to the cross-section method; that is, the cross-section parameters are calculated at a certain distance and the cross-section is made, and then the cross-sections are connected into a whole. Its important defect is that the forming quality of the building in the transition section depends on the number of cross-sections, and cannot reflect the size of any cross-section part; it increases the construction process and affects the construction progress.

[0003] In order to get rid of the tedious calculation of measurement data, to facilitate the rapid measurement and positioning during the construction process, to facilitate the qualitative analysis of the cross-sectional form at any location and the drawing of the cross-section, and to provide an efficient measurement and layout method for on-site construction; the applicant has conducted research and development on the measurement of the gradual change from a city gate shape to a horseshoe shape, or from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a measurement and calculation method for gradually changing from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A measurement and calculation method for the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Obtain basic data of the project;

[0008] S2. Calculation method of top arc part, straight wall part, waist arc part and bottom arc part of partition design;

[0009] S3, form a comprehensive calculation method and design initial input data;

[0010] S4, automatically determine the position according to the input data;

[0011] S5. Output the corresponding calculation results.

[0012] In some embodiments, in step S1, the basic data of the corresponding project includes:

[0013] a1: The starting point elevation of the bottom center elevation;

[0014] a2: starting point pile number;

[0015] a3: slope descent;

[0016] a4: pile number at the section of the city gate;

[0017] a5: chord height of the waist arc or base arc of the initial horseshoe section;

[0018] a6: radius of the initial horseshoe section;

[0019] a7: pile number of the initial horseshoe section position;

[0020] a8: Increased value of top arc radius;

[0021] a9: The increase in elevation of the top arc center from the initial horseshoe shape to the ending gate shape.

[0022] In some embodiments, in step S2:

[0023] Ⅰ. Calculation of top arc:

[0024] ①The horizontal distance P to the contour line;

[0025] ② Distance M in the radial direction;

[0026] ③ Distance S to the vertical direction;

[0027] Among them, if it is inside the contour line, P, M, S are positive values; if it is outside the contour line, P, M, S are negative values;

[0028] Ⅱ. Calculation of vertical wall:

[0029] ①The horizontal distance P to the contour line;

[0030] Among them, if it is inside the contour line, P is a positive value; if it is outside the contour line, P is a negative value;

[0031] III. Calculation of waist arc:

[0032] ① If the vertical line intersects the waist arc, the vertical distance between it and the waist arc edge line is L;

[0033] ② If the vertical line intersects the bottom arc, the vertical distance S from the edge of the bottom arc;

[0034] ③Horizontal distance P from the edge line;

[0035] Among them, if it is inside the contour line, P is a positive value; if it is outside the contour line, P is a negative value;

[0036] IV. Calculation of bottom arc:

[0037] ① If only the vertical line intersects the bottom arc, the vertical distance to the edge line of the bottom arc is S;

[0038] Among them, if it is located inside the contour line, S is a positive value; if it is inside the contour line, S is a negative value;

[0039] ② If the vertical line intersects the waist arc upward, and the horizontal line intersects the bottom arc: the vertical distance P from the edge of the bottom arc, and the vertical distance K from the edge of the waist arc.

[0040] In some embodiments, in step S3, the initial input data is measured coordinates, including:

[0041] E: The vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line; negative values ​​are on the left along the water flow direction, and positive values ​​are on the right;

[0042] N: Mileage value of the measuring point;

[0043] Z: Elevation of the measuring point.

[0044] In some embodiments, in step S4, the basic profile data of the cross section is calculated and the position of the measuring point is determined;

[0045] include:

[0046] Calculate the bottom center elevation H of the section;

[0047] Calculate the chord height T of the waist arc or bottom arc of the section;

[0048] Calculate the horizontal distance J from the measuring point to the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc;

[0049] Calculate the elevation O at the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc of the section;

[0050] Calculate the radius R of the top arc of the section;

[0051] Calculate the center elevation V of the waist arc;

[0052] Calculate the spandrel elevation G of the top arc of the section;

[0053] Calculate the center elevation U of the top arc of the section;

[0054] Calculate some auxiliary variables of waist arc and base arc, waist arc radius B and base arc radius D;

[0055] Corresponding:

[0056] The part above elevation G is the top arc part;

[0057] The part below elevation G and above elevation V is a straight wall;

[0058] The part below elevation V and above elevation O is the waist arc part;

[0059] The part below elevation O is the bottom arc part.

[0060] In some embodiments, in step S4:

[0061] Calculate the bottom center elevation of the section

[0062] H = a1 + (a2 - N) * a3;

[0063] Calculate the chord height of the section waist or base

[0064]

[0065] Calculate the horizontal distance from the measuring point to the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc

[0066] J = a6-T-|E|;

[0067] Calculate the elevation of the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc of the section

[0068] O=H+T;

[0069] Calculate the radius of the top arc of the section

[0070]

[0071] Calculate the center elevation of the waist arc

[0072] V=a6+H;

[0073] Calculate the spandrel elevation of the top arc of the section

[0074]

[0075] Calculate the center elevation of the top arc of the section

[0076]

[0077] Some auxiliary variables for calculating the girdle and base arcs

[0078]

[0079] In some embodiments, in steps S4 and S5, it is determined which part the measuring point belongs to based on the measuring point elevation Z;

[0080] If the measuring point elevation Z is greater than the waist arc center elevation V, the measuring point is judged to be located in the upper part, including the top arc part + the straight wall part; otherwise, the measuring point is located in the lower part, including the waist arc part and the bottom arc part.

[0081] In some embodiments, in steps S4 and S5:

[0082] (1) Upper part:

[0083] If the measuring point elevation Z is greater than the spandrel elevation G of the top arc of the section, the measuring point is judged to be located in the top arc part; otherwise, the measuring point is judged to be located in the straight wall part;

[0084] ①, Top arc part:

[0085] Calculate the distance M from the measuring point to the radial direction and the horizontal distance P from the measuring point to the contour line;

[0086]

[0087] At the same time, if the vertical distance E from the measuring point to the center line is ≤ a6, calculate the distance S to the vertical direction;

[0088]

[0089] End calculation;

[0090] ②, Vertical wall part:

[0091] Calculate the horizontal distance P from the measuring point to the contour line;

[0092] P = a6 - |E|;

[0093] At the same time, if the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6, calculate the distance DING between the measuring point within the contour line and the intersection of the point vertically upward with the contour line;

[0094]

[0095] End calculation.

[0096] In some embodiments, in steps S4 and S5, the following is further included:

[0097] (2) Lower part:

[0098] If the measuring point elevation Z is greater than the elevation O at the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc of the section, then the measuring point is judged to be located in the waist arc part; otherwise, the measuring point is judged to be located in the bottom arc part;

[0099] ①Waist arc part:

[0100] Calculate the horizontal distance P from the measuring point to the contour line;

[0101]

[0102] If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6, calculate the distance DING between the measuring point within the contour line and the intersection of the point vertically upward with the contour line;

[0103]

[0104] End calculation;

[0105] If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6-T, calculate the distance S to the vertical direction;

[0106]

[0107] Conversely, calculate the distance L to the vertical direction;

[0108]

[0109] End calculation;

[0110] ②Bottom arc part:

[0111] If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6, calculate the distance DING between the measuring point within the contour line and the intersection of the point vertically upward with the contour line;

[0112]

[0113] End calculation;

[0114] If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6-T, calculate the distance S to the vertical direction;

[0115]

[0116] Conversely, calculate the distance P to the horizontal direction and the distance K to the vertical direction;

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] End calculation.

[0120] In some embodiments, a calculator is used and programmed accordingly; the program contents are as follows:

[0121]

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a measurement and calculation method for the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape, which has the following beneficial effects.

[0125] 1. The present invention is fast and efficient. It only needs to input the coordinates of the measuring point to obtain the horizontal distance, vertical distance or radial distance from the measuring point to the design position. The size parameters of any cross section can be calculated according to the actual situation. This method can easily solve the problem of finding the integral of irregular shapes that are difficult to establish mathematical models.

[0126] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description; and in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study; or, may be inspired and guided by the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0127] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0128] Figure 2 This is a simple diagram of the meaning of the letters.

[0129] Figure 3 It is the starting section of the tunnel exit variable section.

[0130] Figure 4 It is the terminal section of the gradual transition section at the tunnel exit.

[0131] Figure 5 This is the longitudinal section of the gradient section.

[0132] Figure 6 Output result table for measurement point calculation.

[0133] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional diagram.

[0134] Figure 8 This is a construction photo 1.

[0135] Fig. 9 This is the second construction photo.

[0136] Fig.10 This is construction photo 3.

[0137] Fig.11 This is construction photo 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0138] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0139] In the construction of numerous traffic tunnels and hydraulic tunnels, most of them adopt horseshoe-shaped sections; this type of section has the best stress conditions in finite element stress analysis; and because it is an arc-shaped profile, when the perimeter of the profile is constant, its cross-sectional area is the largest; therefore, while meeting the vehicle traffic capacity in traffic and the flow capacity of the hydraulic tunnel, the surrounding rock mass is disturbed as little as possible, which plays a role in improving the safety of underground construction. At the entrance and exit of this type of horseshoe-shaped tunnel, a dome-shaped building is generally set up to connect with it, especially a city gate-shaped building.

[0140] The calculation method provided in this application is applied to the construction of buildings that gradually change from horseshoe shape to city gate shape or from city gate shape to horseshoe shape, and can be widely used in the construction of hydraulic structures of this type. Any point of this type of shape can be measured, and the vertical deviation, horizontal deviation, and radial deviation from the measuring point to the contour surface can be quickly calculated, so as to quickly determine the correct point position, improve construction efficiency, reduce the construction links of making section shaping frame brackets and frame bracket hoisting and fixing, make construction faster, and improve economic benefits; the measurement of any point position ensures the smooth transition of the building shape and makes the formed building beautiful.

[0141] Reference Figure 1 , a measurement and calculation method for a gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape, comprising the following steps:

[0142] S1. Obtain basic data of the project;

[0143] S2. Calculation method of top arc part, straight wall part, waist arc part and bottom arc part of partition design;

[0144] S3, form a comprehensive calculation method and design initial input data;

[0145] S4, automatically determine the position according to the input data;

[0146] S5. Output the corresponding calculation results.

[0147] In step S1, the basic data of the corresponding project includes:

[0148] a1: The starting point elevation of the bottom center elevation;

[0149] a2: starting point pile number;

[0150] a3: slope descent;

[0151] a4: pile number at the section of the city gate;

[0152] a5: the chord height of the waist arc or the bottom arc of the initial horseshoe-shaped section (the chord height of the waist arc is equal to the chord height of the bottom arc);

[0153] a6: radius of the initial horseshoe section;

[0154] a7: pile number of the initial horseshoe section position;

[0155] a8: Increased value of top arc radius;

[0156] a9: The increase in elevation of the top arc center from the initial horseshoe shape to the ending gate shape.

[0157] In step S2:

[0158] Ⅰ. Calculation of top arc:

[0159] ①The horizontal distance P to the contour line;

[0160] ② Distance M in the radial direction;

[0161] ③ Distance S to the vertical direction;

[0162] Among them, if they are inside the contour line, P, M, and S are positive values; if they are outside the contour line, P, M, and S are negative values.

[0163] Ⅱ. Calculation of vertical wall:

[0164] ①The horizontal distance P to the contour line;

[0165] Among them, if it is inside the contour line, P is a positive value; if it is outside the contour line, P is a negative value.

[0166] III. Calculation of waist arc:

[0167] ① If the vertical line intersects the waist arc, the vertical distance between it and the waist arc edge line is L;

[0168] ② If the vertical line intersects the bottom arc, the vertical distance S from the edge of the bottom arc;

[0169] ③Horizontal distance P from the edge line.

[0170] Among them, if it is inside the contour line, P is a positive value; if it is outside the contour line, P is a negative value.

[0171] IV. Calculation of bottom arc:

[0172] ① If only the vertical line intersects the bottom arc, the vertical distance to the edge line of the bottom arc is S;

[0173] Among them, if it is located inside the contour line, S is a positive value; if it is inside the contour line, S is a negative value;

[0174] ② If the vertical line intersects the waist arc upward, and the horizontal line intersects the bottom arc: the vertical distance P from the edge of the bottom arc, and the vertical distance K from the edge of the waist arc.

[0175] In step S3, the initial input data is the measured coordinates, including:

[0176] E: The vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line; negative values ​​are on the left along the water flow direction, and positive values ​​are on the right;

[0177] N: Mileage value of the measuring point;

[0178] Z: Elevation of the measuring point.

[0179] like Figure 5 As shown, the letters E, N, and Z are the measured coordinates.

[0180] In step S4, the basic data of the profile of the cross section is calculated and the position of the measuring point is determined;

[0181] include:

[0182] Calculate the bottom center elevation H of the section;

[0183] Calculate the chord height T of the waist arc or bottom arc of the section;

[0184] Calculate the horizontal distance J from the measuring point to the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc;

[0185] Calculate the elevation O at the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc of the section;

[0186] Calculate the radius R of the top arc of the section;

[0187] Calculate the center elevation V of the waist arc;

[0188] Calculate the spandrel elevation G of the top arc of the section;

[0189] Calculate the center elevation U of the top arc of the section;

[0190] Calculate some auxiliary variables of waist arc and base arc, waist arc radius B and base arc radius D;

[0191] Corresponding:

[0192] The part above elevation G is the top arc part;

[0193] The part below elevation G and above elevation V is a straight wall;

[0194] The part below elevation V and above elevation O is the waist arc part;

[0195] The part below elevation O is the bottom arc part.

[0196] like Figure 2 As shown; character sequence ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩ Indicates the measured point number.

[0197] The horizontal line with an arrow indicates the horizontal distance from the measuring point to the design contour; the vertical line with an arrow indicates the vertical distance from the measuring point to the design contour; the marked letters are distance values; the measuring point position is a positive value when it is within the design contour and a negative value when it is outside the design contour.

[0198] R, B, and D represent the top arc radius, waist arc radius, and bottom arc radius of the section respectively; T represents the chord height of the waist arc or bottom arc of the section; and P represents the horizontal distance from the measuring point to the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc.

[0199] G is the spandrel elevation of the top arc of the section; U is the center elevation of the top arc of the section; V is the center elevation of the waist arc; O is the elevation of the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc of the section; H is the center elevation of the bottom of the section.

[0200] ① The point is above the elevation G, that is, inside the top arc; P, M, and S represent the horizontal distance, radial distance, and vertical distance to the contour line, respectively, and all are positive values.

[0201] ②Point is outside the top arc, and P, M, and S are negative values.

[0202] ③ and ④ are located inside and outside the vertical wall below elevation G and above elevation V respectively; the P value at point ③ is positive, and the P value at point ④ is negative.

[0203] Points ⑤, ⑥, and ⑦ are located below elevation V and above elevation O.

[0204] The perpendicular lines of points ⑤ and ⑦ intersect at the waist arc and the bottom arc respectively; point ⑤ intersects at the waist arc, and the vertical distance to the sideline is represented by L; point ⑦ intersects at the bottom arc, and the vertical distance to the sideline is represented by S; the horizontal distance between the two points and the sideline is still represented by P.

[0205] ⑧、 ⑩The three points are below elevation O.

[0206] ⑧、 The perpendicular lines of the two points intersect with the base arc, and the distance from the intersection is S; it is a positive value inside the contour line and a negative value outside the contour line; the perpendicular line of point ⑩ intersects with the waist arc, and the vertical distance from the intersection is K, which is a negative value; the distance from the intersection with the horizontal line of the base arc is still P, which is also a negative value.

[0207] The distance between a measuring point within the contour line and the intersection of the point vertically upward with the contour line is represented by the letter group "DING". The "DING" statement is mainly used to control the height when erecting scaffolding.

[0208] Specifically, in step S4:

[0209] Calculate the bottom center elevation of the section

[0210] H=a1+(a2-N)*a3.

[0211] Calculate the chord height of the section waist or base

[0212]

[0213] Calculate the horizontal distance from the measuring point to the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc

[0214] J=a6-T-|E|.

[0215] Calculate the elevation of the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc of the section

[0216] O=H+T.

[0217] Calculate the radius of the top arc of the section

[0218]

[0219] Calculate the center elevation of the waist arc

[0220] V=a6+H.

[0221] Calculate the spandrel elevation of the top arc of the section

[0222]

[0223] Calculate the center elevation of the top arc of the section

[0224]

[0225] Some auxiliary variables for calculating the girdle and base arcs

[0226]

[0227] In steps S4 and S5, the part to which the measuring point belongs is determined based on the measuring point elevation Z.

[0228] If the measuring point elevation Z is greater than the waist arc center elevation V, the measuring point is judged to be located in the upper part, including the top arc part + the straight wall part; otherwise, the measuring point is located in the lower part, including the waist arc part and the bottom arc part.

[0229] (1) Upper part:

[0230] If the measuring point elevation Z is greater than the spandrel elevation G of the top arc of the section, then the measuring point is judged to be located in the top arc part; otherwise, then the measuring point is judged to be located in the straight wall part.

[0231] ①, Top arc part:

[0232] Calculate the distance M from the measuring point to the radial direction and the horizontal distance P from the measuring point to the contour line;

[0233]

[0234] At the same time, if the vertical distance E from the measuring point to the center line is ≤ a6, calculate the distance S to the vertical direction;

[0235]

[0236] End calculation.

[0237] ②, Vertical wall part:

[0238] Calculate the horizontal distance P from the measuring point to the contour line;

[0239] P = a6 - |E|;

[0240] At the same time, if the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6, calculate the distance DING between the measuring point within the contour line and the intersection of the point vertically upward with the contour line;

[0241]

[0242] End calculation.

[0243] (2) Lower part:

[0244] If the measuring point elevation Z is greater than the elevation O at the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc of the section, then the measuring point is judged to be located in the waist arc part; otherwise, then the measuring point is judged to be located in the bottom arc part.

[0245] ①Waist arc part:

[0246] Calculate the horizontal distance P from the measuring point to the contour line;

[0247]

[0248] If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6, calculate the distance DING between the measuring point within the contour line and the intersection of the point vertically upward with the contour line;

[0249]

[0250] End calculation.

[0251] If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6-T, calculate the distance S to the vertical direction;

[0252]

[0253] Conversely, calculate the distance L to the vertical direction;

[0254]

[0255] End calculation.

[0256] ②Bottom arc part:

[0257] If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6, calculate the distance DING between the measuring point within the contour line and the intersection of the point vertically upward with the contour line;

[0258]

[0259] End calculation.

[0260] If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6-T, calculate the distance S to the vertical direction;

[0261]

[0262] Conversely, calculate the distance P to the horizontal direction and the distance K to the vertical direction;

[0263]

[0264] End calculation.

[0265] Correspondingly, a calculator is used and programmed accordingly.

[0266] Preferably, the program carrier adopts a Casio fx-9860GⅢ calculator or a Casio fx-5800p calculator, and is written using statements of a BASIC-like language; a mathematical analysis is performed on the transition section of the building, and an expression of the letter variable parameter is solved according to the geometric relationship.

[0267] The program content is as follows:

[0268]

[0269]

[0270]

[0271]

[0272] The program mainly uses the hierarchical nested design of conditional statements if~then~else~ifend to realize the transfer control of true and false conditions; if~then~ifend statements are used in parallel in calculations to output numerical values ​​under certain true conditions. The entire program is looped by Lbi 1~Go to 1 statements.

[0273] In the above program, “?→” represents input. is the carriage return character, “:” is the connector character; “◢” is the output display character. The program will pause when it runs to this point. You need to press a key to continue running the following program.

[0274] For on-site surveying of buildings that gradually change from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape, this program is fast and efficient. You only need to input the coordinates of the measuring point to get the horizontal distance, vertical distance or radial distance from the measuring point to the design position. In terms of internal data processing, the dimensional parameters of any section can be calculated according to actual conditions. This program can easily solve the problem of finding the integral of irregular shapes that are difficult to establish mathematical models for.

[0275] like Figure 3-11 As shown; a water diversion project in Altay, Xinjiang adopts the method provided in this application.

[0276] The tunnel outlet gradient section of this project changes from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape. The starting and ending dimensions of the section and the longitudinal section dimensions are as follows: Figure 3The starting section of the gradient section is a four-center horseshoe, that is, a contour line composed of four arcs with circle centers. The top arc is a semicircle with a radius of 3.75m, and the center is 3.75m above the bottom of the vertical line of the section; the waist arc has a radius of 7.5m, and the center is 3.75m on both sides of the horizontal line passing through the center of the top arc; the bottom arc has a radius of 7.5m, and the center is 3.75m on the vertical line passing through the center of the top arc.

[0277] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the end section of the gradual transition section is in the shape of a city gate, with a top arc radius of 4.33m, a chord length of 7.5m, a center of the circle at 4.77m above the bottom center, and a center angle of 120°. Below the spandrel is a straight line with a height of 6.935m.

[0278] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that the center position of the arc on the cross section moves in a linear vertical increase on the median perpendicular plane, which is relatively increased by 1.02 (4.77-3.75) meters; the radius of the arc on the cross section changes in a linear increase, which is relatively increased by 0.58 (4.33-3.75) meters.

[0279] The gradient rules of general gradient buildings: simple shapes use one or several straight lines as the reference line to control the expansion and contraction of the section; complex shapes use one or two specific straight lines in the plane perpendicular to the section as the reference line to control part of the contour line on the corresponding section, and these planes are located in special parts of the gradient. This example is a horseshoe shape that gradually changes to a city gate shape, which is a complex shape. From the geometric relationship of the above figures, it can be analyzed that for the dynamic center of the waist arc, it is located in the plane 3.75 meters away from the bottom perpendicular line, and its radius changes from 7.5 meters to infinity; for the dynamic center of the bottom arc, it is located in the perpendicular plane of the gradient, and its radius changes from 7.5 meters to infinity.

[0280] This program is used for internal mold layout and measurement. The thickness of this section of concrete is 0.8m. By appropriately changing the basic data of this program, it can be used for external mold measurement. By making the internal and external mold sections separately, the cross section of the concrete can be obtained, and then the volume of this section of concrete can be obtained.

[0281] Collect the basic data and initial input data of this project and set up the program.

[0282] In this project, the corresponding constants in the program are as follows.

[0283] The starting point elevation of the bottom center elevation is: 669.661 meters; a1=669.661.

[0284] The starting point pile number is: 82361.868; a2=82361.868.

[0285] The slope is: 1 / 5600; In practice, it can be given by design drawings, or inferred, and then introduced by modifying program parameters.

[0286] The pile number at the section of the city gate tunnel is: 74975.651; a4=74975.651; the program parameters can be modified according to the given pile number on the design drawing.

[0287] The chord height of the waist arc or bottom arc of the initial horseshoe-shaped section is: 0.664 meters (the chord height of the waist arc is equal to the chord height of the bottom arc); a5 = 0.664; the program parameters are modified and entered according to the drawing or calculated.

[0288] The radius of the initial horseshoe section is 3.75 meters; a6=3.75; it can be entered by modifying the program parameters from the drawing data.

[0289] The pile number of the initial horseshoe section position is 74965.651; a7=74965.651; brought in by modifying the program parameters from the drawing data.

[0290] The increase in the top arc radius is 0.58 meters; a8=0.58; brought in by the drawing data modification program.

[0291] The increase in elevation of the top arc center from the initial horseshoe shape to the final gate shape is 1.02 meters; a9=1.02; calculated from the drawing and brought into the program.

[0292] After substituting the constants, the program body is as follows.

[0293]

[0294]

[0295]

[0296] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown; the measured data and the marked data of the cross-section drawing take the mileage 74970.651 as an example, and are measured and marked using the internal model.

[0297] Enter the N value of 74970.651, randomly enter the offset E and elevation Z, and the section size parameters can be calculated. The section diagram can be made from the section parameters. On the section diagram, there are intervals of points drawn, and then the dimensions are marked. Comparing the marked dimensions with the calculated data, they are consistent; the imaginary numbers in the table indicate that they do not intersect with the contour line. In order to make the figure concise and clear, the vertical segment distance from the measuring point to the top (the "DING" statement that appears in the program) is not marked in the figure.

[0298] The summary table of the implementation point calculation values ​​and the cross-section implementation point diagram are as follows: Figure 6 , 7 .

[0299] Through the specific implementation of the program, it can be seen that this program is universal for measuring any point in each elevation interval inside and outside the contour line.

[0300] In the present invention, calculation methods for different areas are designed respectively, and a comprehensive calculation method is formed; the point position can be determined by inputting initial data, and the corresponding calculation result can be output; it is fast, efficient and reliable.

[0301] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

[0302] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0303] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measurement and calculation method for the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Obtain basic data of the project; S2. Calculation method of top arc part, straight wall part, waist arc part and bottom arc part of partition design; S3, form a comprehensive calculation method and design initial input data; S4, automatically determine the position according to the input data; S5. Output the corresponding calculation results.

2. The measurement and calculation method of the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the basic data of the corresponding project includes: a1: The starting point elevation of the bottom center elevation; a2: starting point pile number; a3: slope descent; a4: pile number at the section of the city gate; a5: chord height of the waist arc or base arc of the initial horseshoe section; a6: radius of the initial horseshoe section; a7: pile number of the initial horseshoe section position; a8: Increased value of top arc radius; a9: The increase in elevation of the top arc center from the initial horseshoe shape to the ending gate shape.

3. The measurement and calculation method of the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2: Ⅰ. Calculation of top arc: ①The horizontal distance P to the contour line; ② Distance M in the radial direction; ③ Distance S to the vertical direction; Among them, if it is inside the contour line, P, M, S are positive values; if it is outside the contour line, P, M, S are negative values; Ⅱ. Calculation of vertical wall: ①The horizontal distance P to the contour line; Among them, if it is inside the contour line, P is a positive value; if it is outside the contour line, P is a negative value; Ⅲ. Calculation of waist arc: ① If the vertical line intersects the waist arc, the vertical distance between it and the waist arc edge line is L; ② If the vertical line intersects the bottom arc, the vertical distance S from the edge of the bottom arc; ③Horizontal distance P from the edge line; Among them, if it is inside the contour line, P is a positive value; if it is outside the contour line, P is a negative value; IV. Calculation of bottom arc: ① If only the vertical line intersects the bottom arc, the vertical distance to the edge line of the bottom arc is S; Among them, if it is located inside the contour line, S is a positive value; if it is inside the contour line, S is a negative value; ② If the vertical line intersects the waist arc upward, and the horizontal line intersects the bottom arc: the vertical distance P from the edge of the bottom arc, and the vertical distance K from the edge of the waist arc.

4. The measurement and calculation method of the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the initial input data is the measured coordinates, including: E: The vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line; negative values ​​are on the left along the water flow direction, and positive values ​​are on the right; N: Mileage value of the measuring point; Z: Elevation of the measuring point.

5. The measurement and calculation method of the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S4, the basic data of the profile of the cross section is calculated and the position of the measuring point is determined; include: Calculate the bottom center elevation H of the section; Calculate the chord height T of the waist arc or bottom arc of the section; Calculate the horizontal distance J from the measuring point to the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc; Calculate the elevation O at the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc of the section; Calculate the radius R of the top arc of the section; Calculate the center elevation V of the waist arc; Calculate the spandrel elevation G of the top arc of the section; Calculate the center elevation U of the top arc of the section; Calculate some auxiliary variables of waist arc and base arc, waist arc radius B and base arc radius D; Corresponding: The part above elevation G is the top arc part; The part below elevation G and above elevation V is a straight wall; The part below elevation V and above elevation O is the waist arc part; The part below elevation O is the bottom arc part.

6. The measurement and calculation method of the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4: Calculate the bottom center elevation of the section H = a1 + (a2 - N) * a3; Calculate the chord height of the section waist or base Calculate the horizontal distance from the measuring point to the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc J = a6-T-|E|; Calculate the elevation of the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc of the section O=H+T; Calculate the radius of the top arc of the section Calculate the center elevation of the waist arc V=a6+H; Calculate the spandrel elevation of the top arc of the section Calculate the center elevation of the top arc of the section Some auxiliary variables for calculating the girdle and base arcs 7. The measurement and calculation method of the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape according to claim 6, characterized in that: In steps S4 and S5, the part to which the measuring point belongs is determined according to the measuring point elevation Z; If the measuring point elevation Z is greater than the waist arc center elevation V, the measuring point is judged to be located in the upper part, including the top arc part + the straight wall part; otherwise, the measuring point is located in the lower part, including the waist arc part and the bottom arc part.

8. The measurement and calculation method of the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape according to claim 7, characterized in that: In steps S4 and S5: (1) Upper part: If the measuring point elevation Z is greater than the spandrel elevation G of the top arc of the section, the measuring point is judged to be located in the top arc part; otherwise, the measuring point is judged to be located in the straight wall part; ①, Top arc part: Calculate the distance M from the measuring point to the radial direction and the horizontal distance P from the measuring point to the contour line; At the same time, if the vertical distance E from the measuring point to the center line is ≤ a6, calculate the distance S to the vertical direction; End calculation; ②, Vertical wall part: Calculate the horizontal distance P from the measuring point to the contour line; P = a6 - |E|; At the same time, if the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6, calculate the distance DING between the measuring point within the contour line and the intersection of the point vertically upward with the contour line; End calculation.

9. The measurement and calculation method of the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape according to claim 8, characterized in that: In steps S4 and S5, it also includes: (2) Lower part: If the measuring point elevation Z is greater than the elevation O at the intersection of the waist arc and the bottom arc of the section, then the measuring point is judged to be located in the waist arc part; otherwise, the measuring point is judged to be located in the bottom arc part; ①Waist arc part: Calculate the horizontal distance P from the measuring point to the contour line; If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6, calculate the distance DING between the measuring point within the contour line and the intersection of the point vertically upward with the contour line; End calculation; If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6-T, calculate the distance S to the vertical direction; Conversely, calculate the distance L to the vertical direction; End calculation; ②Bottom arc part: If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6, calculate the distance DING between the measuring point within the contour line and the intersection of the point vertically upward with the contour line; End calculation; If the vertical distance from the measuring point to the center line is E≤a6-T, calculate the distance S to the vertical direction; Conversely, calculate the distance P to the horizontal direction and the distance K to the vertical direction; End calculation.

10. The measurement and calculation method of the gradual transition from a horseshoe shape to a city gate shape according to claim 1, characterized in that: Use a calculator and program it accordingly; the program contents are as follows:

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