Anchor chain tensioning device and anchor chain opposite-pulling type tension testing method

Abstract

The invention provides an anchor chain tensioning device and an anchor chain opposite-pulling type tension testing method, and relates to the technical field of ocean engineering.A passive anchor chain is connected through a shackle component on a tensioning main body, and a top end penetrating hole and a side end penetrating hole which are communicated are formed in the tensioning main body; the driving anchor chain penetrates through a penetrating channel formed by communicating the top end penetrating hole and the side end penetrating hole, the end of the driving anchor chain is connected with the ship crane, the ship crane drives the driving anchor chain to ascend and descend, the driving anchor chain is in an L shape, the check block is meshed with a chain ring of the driving anchor chain, the tensioning body is locked on the driving anchor chain, the tensioning body ascends and descends along with the driving anchor chain, and the ship crane drives the driving anchor chain to ascend and descend. The passive anchor chain is lifted together, the tensioning force in the horizontal direction is converted into the tensioning force in the vertical direction, the condition that the requirement for the capacity of an anchoring system of a main workboat is harsh is avoided, a floating crane with the lifting weight of kiloton level can easily conduct tensioning testing, tensioning testing of two anchor chains can be conducted at the same time, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering, and in particular to an anchor chain tensioning device and an anchor chain pull-type tension testing method. Background Art

[0002] Most of the floating structures at sea are fixed by anchors or piles connected to anchor chains. After the anchor chains are laid, they need to be tensioned to ensure that the installation of the anchor chains meets the design and actual needs. For most of the floating structures at sea, the tension test tonnage requirement for the anchor chains is relatively large, usually more than 170 tons. If the ship anchor machine or winch is used for tension test, the tonnage of the anchor machine or winch is required to be large, which directly leads to the selection of high ship specifications and increases a lot of engineering costs. In addition, the ship's anchor position needs to be readjusted during the tension test, which affects the construction efficiency.

[0003] The existing technical solutions at home and abroad are as follows: (1) a large-tonnage winch is fixed on the deck of the operating vessel, and the anchor position is readjusted to ensure that the bow direction of the ship is consistent with the direction of the anchor chain tensioning test and the ship's anchor grip meets the requirements, and a large-tonnage winch is used to retract and release the cable and move the ship to perform a single anchor chain tensioning test; (2) a large-tonnage tug is installed on the deck of the ship, and the tug is connected to the anchor chain to perform a tensioning test on a single anchor chain by moving the ship; (3) a high-powered tugboat is used to connect the end of the anchor chain to perform an anchor chain tensioning test, which cannot effectively control the tension and stability, and cannot control the dragging distance of the gripping anchor.

[0004] However, the above anchor chain tensioning test scheme has relatively high requirements on ship specifications, and only one anchor chain can be tested for tension at a time, resulting in low efficiency of the overall anchor chain tensioning test construction process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anchor chain tensioning device and an anchor chain tension testing method, so as to alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art that the traditional anchor chain tensioning testing scheme has relatively high requirements on ship specifications and can only perform tension testing on one anchor chain at a time, resulting in low efficiency of the overall anchor chain tensioning test construction process.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0007] In a first aspect, the anchor chain tensioning device provided by the present invention comprises: a tensioning body;

[0008] The tensioning body is provided with a shackle component on one side of the first direction, and the shackle component is used to be connected with the passive anchor chain;

[0009] The tensioning body is provided with a side end through hole at a side away from the shackle member in the first direction, and a top end through hole is provided at the top of the tensioning body in the second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, the side end through hole is communicated with the top end through hole to form a passage, and the passage is used for the end portion and the active anchor chain to pass through, and one end of the active anchor chain is connected to the ship crane;

[0010] The tensioning body is located in the passage and is provided with a stopper, and the stopper is used to engage and clamp with the active anchor chain in the passage.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment,

[0012] The tensioning body includes a first baffle and a second baffle;

[0013] The first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, so that the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate surround the side end through hole in the first direction and surround the top end through hole in the second direction.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment,

[0015] The stopper is located at a corner of the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate, and is connected between the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment,

[0017] The shackle component comprises a lifting ring and a rotating shaft;

[0018] The rotating shaft is arranged between the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate, and two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate respectively;

[0019] The hanging ring is in a bow shape, and both ends of the bow-shaped hanging ring are connected to the rotating shaft.

[0020] In an alternative embodiment,

[0021] The tensioning body is provided with a lifting hole, the lifting hole is located at the top of the tensioning body and close to one side of the active anchor chain, and the lifting hole is used to be connected with a steel wire rope.

[0022] In a second aspect, the method for operating the anchor chain tensioning device comprises the following steps:

[0023] Connect the passive anchor chain to the shackle member;

[0024] The active anchor chain passes through the side end perforation and the top end perforation to be connected with the ship crane;

[0025] Lower the end of the active anchor chain to the deck of the ship;

[0026] The active anchor chain is lifted by the ship crane so that the tensioning body is locked on the active anchor chain.

[0027] In an alternative embodiment,

[0028] The following steps are also included:

[0029] The active anchor chain is lowered by the ship crane to make the tensioning body slide downward along the active anchor chain.

[0030] In an alternative embodiment,

[0031] The following steps are also included:

[0032] The active anchor chain is repeatedly raised and lowered by the ship's crane until the required anchoring tension is reached.

[0033] In an alternative embodiment,

[0034] The following steps are also included:

[0035] After the tension test is completed, the end of the active anchor chain is placed on the deck and the passive anchor chain is removed from the shackle component.

[0036] In an alternative embodiment,

[0037] The following steps are also included:

[0038] Connect the wire rope to the lifting hole, use the wire rope to raise the tensioning body to disengage the block from the active anchor chain, and lower the active anchor chain and the passive anchor chain to the seabed.

[0039] Based on the above technical solutions, the technical effects that can be achieved by the present invention are:

[0040] The anchor chain tensioning device provided by the present invention connects the passive anchor chain through the buckle component on the tensioning body, and provides the top through hole and the side through hole communicating with each other on the tensioning body, the active anchor chain passes through the travel channel formed by the top through hole and the side through hole communicating with each other, and the end of the active anchor chain is connected to the ship crane, and the ship crane drives the active anchor chain to rise and fall. Since the active anchor chain is L-shaped, the stopper engages with the chain link of the active anchor chain, so that the tensioning body is locked on the active anchor chain, the tensioning body is lifted and lowered together with the active anchor chain, and the passive anchor chain is also lifted together, converting the tensioning force in the horizontal direction into the tensioning force in the vertical direction, avoiding the conditions that require the anchoring system capacity of the main operating ship to be harsh, and the floating crane with a lifting weight of 1,000 tons can easily carry out tensioning tests, and can do tensioning tests on two anchor chains at the same time, which greatly improves the construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the anchor chain tensioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the anchor chain tensioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the anchor chain tensioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a third viewing angle;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the installation structure of the anchor chain tensioning device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor chain tensioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention during hoisting;

[0047] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of the first step of the operation method of the anchor chain tensioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of the second step of the operating method of the anchor chain tensioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of the third step of the operating method of the anchor chain tensioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of the fourth step of the operating method of the anchor chain tensioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of the fifth step of the operating method of the anchor chain tensioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.11 A structural schematic diagram of the sixth step of the operating method of the anchor chain tensioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.12 This is the force analysis diagram of the lifting anchor chain.

[0054] Icons: 100-tensioning body; 110-first baffle; 120-second baffle; 130-side end perforation; 140-top end perforation; 150-block; 160-lifting hole; 200-shackle component; 210-lifting ring; 220-rotating shaft; 300-active anchor chain; 400-passive anchor chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0056] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0058] The traditional anchor chain tensioning test scheme has relatively large requirements on the ship tonnage, and can only perform tension testing on one anchor chain at a time, resulting in low efficiency of the overall anchor chain tensioning test construction process.

[0059] In view of this, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, Figure 1 The first perspective is a side view looking directly at the anchor chain tensioning device. Figure 2 The second perspective is a bird's-eye view of the anchor chain tensioning device. Figure 3 The third perspective is a left perspective looking directly at the anchor chain tensioning device.

[0060] The anchor chain tensioning device provided in this embodiment includes: a tensioning body 100; a shackle component 200 is provided on one side of the tensioning body 100 in a first direction; Figure 1 In the left and right directions, the shackle member 200 is used to connect with the passive anchor chain 400 , that is, the tensioning body 100 is connected with the passive anchor chain 400 through the shackle member 200 , so that the passive anchor chain 400 can move together with the lifting and lowering of the tensioning body 100 .

[0061] The tensioning body 100 is provided with a side end through hole 130 on a side away from the shackle member 200 in the first direction, and a top end through hole 140 is provided on the top of the tensioning body 100 in the second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and the second direction is Figure 1 In the middle and upper and lower directions, the side through hole 130 is connected with the top through hole 140 to form a passage, and the passage is used for the end and the active anchor chain 300 to pass through. One end of the active anchor chain 300 is connected to the ship crane. When the active anchor chain 300 is installed on the tensioning body 100, the end of the active anchor chain 300 passes through the side through hole 130 and extends into the tensioning body 100, and then passes through the top through hole 140. The active anchor chain 300 after passing through is connected to the ship crane, and the active anchor chain 300 is driven to move up and down by the ship crane.

[0062] The tensioning body 100 is located in the passage and is provided with a block 150, which is used to engage and connect with the active anchor chain 300 in the passage. Specifically, when the ship crane drives the active chain to rise and lift, since the block 150 is located at the bending part of the active chain, the block 150 can be stuck in a chain link on the active chain, so that the tensioning body 100 can be connected to the active chain through the block 150, so that the tensioning body 100 can be lifted by the active chain.

[0063] The anchor chain tensioning device provided in this embodiment connects the passive anchor chain 400 through the shackle member 200 on the tensioning body 100, and the tensioning body 100 is provided with a top through hole 140 and a side through hole 130 that communicate with each other, and the active anchor chain 300 passes through a passage formed by the top through hole 140 and the side through hole 130, and the end of the active anchor chain 300 is installed on the ship crane for connection, and the ship crane drives the active anchor chain 300 to rise and fall. Since the active anchor chain 300 is L-shaped, the block 15 0 is engaged with the chain link of the active anchor chain 300, so that the tensioning body 100 is locked on the active anchor chain 300, the tensioning body 100 is lifted and lowered together with the active anchor chain 300, and the passive anchor chain 400 is also lifted together, converting the tensioning force in the horizontal direction into the tensioning force in the vertical direction, avoiding the conditions that require the anchoring system capacity of the main operating ship to be harsh, and the floating crane with a lifting weight of 1,000 tons can easily carry out tensioning tests, and can do tensioning tests on two anchor chains at the same time, which greatly improves the construction efficiency.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the tensioning body 100 specifically includes a first baffle plate 110 and a second baffle plate 120; the first baffle plate 110 and the second baffle plate 120 have the same structure, the first baffle plate 110 and the second baffle plate 120 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart so that there is a gap between the first baffle plate 110 and the second baffle plate 120, the first baffle plate 110 and the second baffle plate 120 are arranged in a first direction to form a side end through hole 130, and the first baffle plate 110 and the second baffle plate 120 are arranged in a second direction to form a top end through hole 140.

[0065] In an optional embodiment, the block 150 is located at the corners of the first baffle 110 and the second baffle 120, and is connected between the first baffle 110 and the second baffle 120. The function of the block 150 is to connect the first baffle 110 and the second baffle 120 as a whole, and the other function is to be able to clamp in a link of the active chain, that is, the overall tensioning body 100 can be clamped on the active chain.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the shackle assembly 200 includes a lifting ring 210 and a rotating shaft 220; the rotating shaft 220 is arranged between the first baffle 110 and the second baffle 120, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 220 are respectively rotatably connected to the first baffle 110 and the second baffle 120; the lifting ring 210 is bow-shaped, and the two ends of the bow-shaped lifting ring 210 are connected to the rotating shaft 220.

[0067] Specifically, the shackle component 200 is a bow-shaped shackle, and the ring 210 specifically has an arc segment and two straight segments. The two straight segments are fixed on both ends of the arc segment to form a bow-shaped ring 210 structure. It should be noted that the two straight segments and the arc segment are an integrally formed structure.

[0068] The rotating shaft 220 is located between the first baffle plate 110 and the second baffle plate 120, and both ends of the rotating shaft 220 pass through the first baffle plate 110 and the second baffle plate 120, so that the rotating shaft 220 can rotate freely relative to the first baffle plate 110 and the second baffle plate 120. The hanging ring 210 is fixed on the rotating shaft 220, so that the hanging ring 210 can rotate around the rotating shaft 220 relative to the first baffle plate 110 and the second baffle plate 120.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, the tensioning body 100 is provided with a lifting hole 160 , which is located at the top of the tensioning body 100 and close to one side of the active anchor chain 300 , and the lifting hole 160 is used to connect with the steel wire rope.

[0070] Specifically, when the tensioning body 100 needs to be removed from the active chain, the wire rope drives the tensioning body 100 to rise through the lifting hole 160, so that the tensioning body 100 is tilted, and the engagement between the active anchor chain 300 and the block 150 is released, and the active anchor chain 300 can be pulled out from the passage.

[0071] The anchor chain tensioning device provided in this embodiment uses the anchor chain tensioning device to perform tensioning test on the anchor chain. The principle of the device is to convert the horizontal load into the vertical load. Usually, in order to achieve the required horizontal tensioning load at the anchor point, the vertical tensioning force only needs to be 40% of the required load (such as Fig.12 The tension of the anchor chain can be measured by the tension sensor on the device shaft pin, so as to avoid collision during operation and lifting of the dynamometer.

[0072] The passive anchor chain 400 is connected to the anchor chain tensioning device and fixed with an axle pin to keep a fixed length during operation. The active anchor chain 300 passes through the anchor chain tensioning device and the end is connected to the ship's crane. During operation, the length of the active anchor chain passing through the tensioning device needs to be reciprocated and lifted (such as Figure 4 shown).

[0073] When the anchor chain tensioning device is lifted by the active chain, a chain link is locked in the tensioning device. When the anchor chain tensioning device is lifted from the seabed, the passive and active anchor chains are also lifted, and the two anchor chains present an inverted catenary shape. At the initial operation stage, the anchor chain is relatively loose. When the tensioning device is lifted to the normal operating position, the vertical load on the crane and the horizontal load on the anchor chain are still insufficient, and the active anchor chain needs to be tightened continuously. The operation method is to lower the anchor chain tensioning device to relax the anchor chain, lift the active anchor chain and slide it up and down on the anchor chain tensioning device. By repeating the sliding several times, that is, reciprocating sliding, the horizontal load on the anchor point increases. Generally, 5-7 steps are required to reach the required horizontal load. Once the anchor chain tensioning is completed, the tensioning device can be recovered by pulling in the steel wire on the lifting tensioning device to slide the tensioning device upward along the active chain (such as Figure 5 shown).

[0074] The software can plot the relationship between the tension in the anchor chain tension test of the pile or anchor connection and the crane lifting force, each time with higher tension.

[0075] On the basis of the above embodiment, the operation method of the anchor chain tensioning device includes the following steps:

[0076] like Figure 6 As shown, in the first step, the passive anchor chain 400 is connected to the shackle member 200; the active anchor chain 300 is connected to the ship crane through the side end through hole 130 and the top end through hole 140; and the end of the active anchor chain 300 is lowered onto the ship deck.

[0077] like Figure 7 As shown, in the second step, the active anchor chain 300 is lifted by the ship crane so that the tensioning body 100 is locked on the active anchor chain 300 .

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown, in the third step, the active anchor chain 300 is lowered by the ship crane so that the tensioning body 100 slides downward along the active anchor chain 300 .

[0079] like Fig. 9 As shown, in the fourth step, the active anchor chain 300 is repeatedly raised and lowered by the ship crane until the required anchoring tension is reached.

[0080] like Fig.10As shown, in the fifth step, after the tension test is completed, the end of the active anchor chain 300 is placed on the deck, and the passive anchor chain 400 is removed from the shackle component 200.

[0081] like Fig.11 As shown, in the sixth step, the steel wire rope is connected to the lifting hole 160, and the tensioning body 100 is raised by the steel wire rope to disengage the stopper 150 from the active anchor chain 300, and the active anchor chain 300 and the passive anchor chain 400 are lowered to the seabed.

[0082] The anchor chain tensioning device and anchor chain tension test method provided in this embodiment use the anchor chain tensioning device to perform anchor chain tensioning test on the anchor chain required for the offshore floating structure, converting the tensioning force in the horizontal direction into the tensioning force in the vertical direction, avoiding the harsh conditions on the mooring system capacity of the main operating ship, and the floating crane with a lifting weight of 1,000 tons can easily perform the tensioning test, and can perform tensioning tests on two anchor chains at the same time, which greatly improves the construction efficiency. The data transmitted by the data line can also be drawn into a continuous chart to form a visual quality control, ensuring the construction safety and quality.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor chain tensioning device, characterized in that: include: A tensioning body (100); The tensioning body (100) is provided with a shackle component (200) on one side in the first direction, and the shackle component (200) is used to be connected to the passive anchor chain (400); The tensioning body (100) is provided with a side end through hole (130) on a side away from the shackle member (200) in a first direction, and the tensioning body (100) is provided with a top end through hole (140) at the top in a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, the side end through hole (130) and the top end through hole (140) are connected to form a passage, and the passage is used for the end portion and the active anchor chain (300) to pass through, and one end of the active anchor chain (300) is connected to the ship crane; The tensioning body (100) is located in the passage and is provided with a stopper (150), and the stopper (150) is used to engage with the active anchor chain (300) in the passage.

2. The anchor chain tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning body (100) comprises a first baffle (110) and a second baffle (120); The first baffle plate (110) and the second baffle plate (120) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, so that the first baffle plate (110) and the second baffle plate (120) are arranged in the first direction to form the side end through hole (130), and are arranged in the second direction to form the top end through hole (140).

3. The anchor chain tensioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stopper (150) is located at a corner of the first baffle (110) and the second baffle (120), and is connected between the first baffle (110) and the second baffle (120).

4. The anchor chain tensioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shackle component (200) comprises a lifting ring (210) and a rotating shaft (220); The rotating shaft (220) is arranged between the first baffle plate (110) and the second baffle plate (120), and two ends of the rotating shaft (220) are rotatably connected to the first baffle plate (110) and the second baffle plate (120) respectively; The hanging ring (210) is in a bow shape, and both ends of the bow-shaped hanging ring (210) are connected to the rotating shaft (220).

5. The anchor chain tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning body (100) is provided with a lifting hole (160), the lifting hole (160) is located at the top of the tensioning body (100) and close to one side of the active anchor chain (300), and the lifting hole (160) is used to connect with a steel wire rope.

6. A method for testing the anchor chain tensioning force based on the anchor chain tensioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Connecting the passive anchor chain (400) to the shackle component (200); The active anchor chain (300) passes through the side end through-hole (130) and the top end through-hole (140) to be connected to the ship crane; Lowering the end of the active anchor chain (300) onto the deck of the ship; The active anchor chain (300) is lifted by a ship crane so that the tensioning body (100) is locked on the active anchor chain (300).

7. The anchor chain pull-type tension test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The active anchor chain (300) is lowered by a ship crane, so that the tensioning body (100) slides downward along the active anchor chain (300).

8. The anchor chain pull-type tension test method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The active anchor chain (300) is repeatedly raised and lowered by a ship crane until the required anchoring tension is reached.

9. The anchor chain pull-type tension test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: After the tension test is completed, the end of the active anchor chain (300) is placed on the deck, and the passive anchor chain (400) is removed from the shackle component (200).

10. The anchor chain pull-type tension test method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: A steel wire is connected to the lifting hole (160), and the tensioning body (100) is raised by the steel wire to disengage the stopper (150) from the active anchor chain (300), and the active anchor chain (300) and the passive anchor chain (400) are lowered to the seabed.

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