Slag-containing feed liquid clarification device and slag-containing feed liquid treatment system

Abstract

The invention discloses a slag-containing feed liquid clarification device and a slag-containing feed liquid treatment system, a driving unit of the device is located above a cover plate, a centrifugal unit is located below the cover plate, and the driving unit is connected with the centrifugal unit through a transmission shaft unit and used for driving the centrifugal unit to rotate. A cavity is formed in the centrifugal unit, an outflow opening is formed in the lower end of the cavity, the feeding unit is located below the cover plate and communicates with the cavity of the centrifugal unit, the feeding unit is used for conveying slag-containing feed liquid into the cavity of the centrifugal unit, and when the centrifugal unit rotates, clear liquid and slag can be separated, the slag is attached to the side wall of the cavity, and the centrifugal unit is arranged in the cavity of the centrifugal unit. And clear liquid is discharged from an outflow port at the lower end. The device can be used for clarifying radioactive slag-containing feed liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention specifically relates to a slag-containing liquid clarification device and a slag-containing liquid treatment system. Background Art

[0002] After nuclear fuel is dissolved, a large amount of insoluble solid fines will be produced. Before the process treatment, liquid clarification equipment is needed to remove these insoluble slags to ensure that they do not block subsequent process treatment equipment.

[0003] However, the mixed liquid produced after the nuclear fuel is dissolved will have strong radioactivity, which will cause the liquid clarification equipment to be in a strong radioactive atmosphere. The liquid clarification equipment will be exposed to the radioactive environment for a long time and suffer radiation damage, which will seriously affect its working ability and life. The existing liquid clarification equipment cannot be used in the radioactive environment, and therefore cannot clarify the radioactive slag-containing liquid. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a slag-containing liquid clarification device and a slag-containing liquid treatment system in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. The slag-containing liquid clarification device can clarify and treat radioactive slag-containing liquid.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a clarification device for slag-containing liquid, comprising: a cover plate, a driving unit, a centrifugal unit and a feeding unit; the driving unit is located above the cover plate, the centrifugal unit is located below the cover plate, the driving unit is connected to the centrifugal unit via a transmission shaft unit, and is used to drive the centrifugal unit to rotate, the transmission shaft unit passes through the cover plate; a cavity is provided inside the centrifugal unit, a flow outlet is provided at the lower end of the cavity, the feeding unit is located below the cover plate, the feeding unit is communicated with the cavity of the centrifugal unit, the feeding unit is used to transport slag-containing liquid into the cavity of the centrifugal unit, and when the centrifugal unit rotates, it can separate clear liquid from slag, and make the slag adhere to the side wall of the cavity, while the clear liquid is discharged from the flow outlet at the lower end.

[0006] Preferably, the device further comprises an air blowing unit, and there is a gap between the side wall of the transmission shaft unit and the cover plate. The air blowing unit is located above the cover plate and faces the gap. The air blowing unit is used to blow air into the gap, and the airflow generated by the blowing is directed downward.

[0007] Preferably, the outflow port at the lower end of the centrifugal unit is in a constricted shape.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission shaft unit includes a first shaft segment and a second shaft segment, the first shaft segment is located above the second shaft segment, the first shaft segment and the second shaft segment both extend in the vertical direction, and the central axes of the first shaft segment and the second shaft segment are on the same extension line, the output end of the drive unit is connected to the first shaft segment, the first shaft segment is located above the cover plate, the second shaft segment passes through the cover plate and is connected to the upper end of the centrifugal unit, and the lower end of the first shaft segment is detachably connected to the upper end of the second shaft segment.

[0009] Preferably, the feeding unit includes a feeding pipe, which extends in a vertical direction. The central axis of the feeding pipe is on the same extension line as the central axis of the centrifugal unit. The feeding pipe passes through the outflow port, and the upper half of the feeding pipe is accommodated in the cavity of the centrifugal unit. A discharge port is provided on the side wall of the upper end of the feeding pipe, and the discharge port faces the side wall of the cavity, for inputting slag-containing liquid into the cavity.

[0010] Preferably, there are multiple discharge ports, and the multiple discharge ports are evenly distributed along the circumference of the feeding pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the device further comprises a water collecting bucket, which is located below the cover plate and connected to the lower end surface of the cover plate, wherein a containing cavity is provided inside the water collecting bucket, wherein the centrifugal unit is contained in the containing cavity, and wherein the inner side wall of the water collecting bucket is used for collecting and guiding the clear liquid discharged from the centrifugal unit, and a clear liquid outlet is provided at the lower end of the water collecting bucket, and the clear liquid is guided to the clear liquid outlet through the side wall of the water collecting bucket for discharge.

[0012] Preferably, a guide slope is further provided at the lower end of the water collecting bucket, the clear liquid outlet is located on one side of the guide slope, the first end of the guide slope is the end away from the clear liquid outlet, and the second end is the end close to the clear liquid outlet, and the height position of the guide slope gradually decreases from the first end to the second end, and the guide slope is used to guide the clear liquid to the clear liquid outlet for discharge.

[0013] Preferably, the device also includes a flushing unit, which is located below the centrifugal unit and passes through the guide slope of the water collecting bucket. The flushing unit is connected to the cavity of the centrifugal unit and is used to flush the side wall of the cavity and discharge the residue-containing wastewater generated by the flushing out of the centrifugal unit.

[0014] Preferably, the flushing unit includes a flushing water pipe and a receiving hopper, the receiving hopper is located directly below the outflow outlet of the centrifugal unit, and the receiving hopper passes through the guide slope of the water collecting hopper, the flushing water pipe and the feeding pipe are both passed through the receiving hopper and extend upward into the cavity of the centrifugal unit, a plurality of water outlets are opened on the side wall of the flushing water pipe, and the plurality of water outlets are arranged axially along the flushing water pipe, and the water outlets are all facing the inner wall of the cavity of the centrifugal unit, the flushing water pipe is used to spray high-pressure water toward the inner wall of the cavity to flush down the slag attached to the inner wall of the cavity, and the slag-containing wastewater generated by flushing is discharged through the receiving hopper.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the receiving hopper is provided with a liquid receiving port, and the lower end is provided with a slag water outlet, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid receiving port is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the outflow port so as to receive the slag-containing wastewater generated by flushing.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a slag-containing liquid processing system, comprising a floor, a first area, a second area and the above-mentioned slag-containing liquid clarification device, wherein the floor is located between the first area and the second area, a liquid container is placed in the second area, the liquid container is used to store the slag-containing liquid produced by the dissolution of nuclear fuel, a cover plate of the slag-containing liquid clarification device is installed on the floor, a loading unit of the slag-containing liquid clarification device is connected to the liquid container, and is used to centrifugally separate the slag-containing liquid, and the slag-containing liquid is radioactive slag-containing liquid.

[0017] The slag-containing liquid clarification device of the present invention drives the centrifugal unit to rotate at high speed through the driving unit, and then sprays the radioactive slag-containing liquid to the inner wall of the cavity through the feeding pipe. When the centrifugal unit rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force generated will be much greater than the gravity, and the liquid and solid particles will be pushed to the outside of the centrifugal unit. In this case, the slag-containing liquid is subjected to the centrifugal force thrown outward, thereby pushing the slag-containing liquid to the side wall of the rotor instead of falling directly downward. In the centrifugal unit, since the density of the solid particles (i.e., slag) is greater than the density of the liquid, the centrifugal force causes them to settle to the outer wall, forming a precipitate attached to the inner wall of the cavity, and as the liquid in the cavity increases, the separated clear liquid overflows the cavity from the lower end outlet, and is thrown into the water collecting bucket under the action of the centrifugal force, and then enters the downstream process through the guide slope and the clear liquid outlet.

[0018] Moreover, during high-speed rotation, liquid and solid particles are separated into layers. Solid particles move outward due to their high density due to the centrifugal force, while the liquid is relatively clear in the center area, thus achieving a separation effect. The design of the centrifugal unit takes into account the principles of fluid dynamics and centrifugal separation. The outlet at the lower end is constricted. The narrowing of the outlet structure (such as the inverted cone design) helps to continue to maintain the separation between solid particles and liquid, allowing the clear liquid in the center of the centrifugal unit to be discharged preferentially.

[0019] In addition, the device uses a cover plate and a shielding plug to separate the drive unit (for example, automatic drive equipment such as motors) and the centrifugal unit. The centrifugal unit is used to separate highly radioactive slag-containing liquid. The advantage of this is that it can prevent the highly radioactive atmosphere in the centrifugal unit from contaminating the drive unit, which can reduce the service life of the drive unit and even cause problems such as failure. Moreover, the advantage of this connection is that the structure under the cover plate is all mechanical structure, without electronic components and electronic control equipment, which is strong and durable and does not require frequent maintenance. The upper part of the cover plate is a low-radioactive atmosphere area, and the lower part is a high-radioactive atmosphere area. The staff can complete the inspection and maintenance of the equipment directly in the low-radioactive atmosphere area without entering the high-radioactive atmosphere area, thereby avoiding direct contact between the inspection and maintenance personnel and the high-radioactive atmosphere, which can effectively ensure the safety of the personnel.

[0020] Therefore, the slag-containing liquid clarification device can clarify the slag-containing liquid and separate the clear liquid from the slag body, and is particularly suitable for treating radioactive slag-containing liquid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slag-containing liquid clarification device in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper shaft system in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first shaft segment and the second shaft segment in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1-driving unit, 11-driving motor, 2-fixed bracket, 3-transmission shaft unit, 31-coupling, 32-upper shaft system, 321-first shaft section, 322-support plate, 323-sleeve, 324-locking nut, 33-second shaft section, 34-nut, 35-bolt, 4-centrifugal unit, 41-cavity, 42-outlet, 5-feeding unit, 51-feeding pipe, 6-vibration damping unit, 61-vibration damping seat, 62-sphere, 63-sphere shell, 64-rubber spring, 7-water collecting bucket, 71-accommodating chamber, 72-clear liquid outlet, 73-guide slope, 8-flushing unit, 81-flushing water pipe, 82-receiving hopper, 83-slag water outlet, 9-cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "upstream", "downstream" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience and simplification of the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, the terms “first”, “second” and “third” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connect", "set", "install", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] First of all, it should be noted that after the nuclear fuel is dissolved, a large amount of insoluble solid fines will be produced. Before the process treatment, it is necessary to use liquid clarification equipment to remove these insoluble slags to ensure that they do not block the subsequent process treatment equipment.

[0030] Specifically, in the process of nuclear fuel processing, nuclear fuels such as uranium nitride and uranium oxide first go through a series of process steps, including dissolution, separation and purification. The dissolution reaction is an important step in converting solid nuclear fuel into liquid form, and this process is usually carried out in a specific chemical solvent. Although the dissolution process can effectively release the soluble components in the nuclear fuel, a large amount of insoluble solid fines will also be generated. These solid fines are mainly composed of undissolved nuclear fuel residues, reaction products and other impurities, which must be effectively removed before the process to ensure the smooth progress of the subsequent processing.

[0031] In addition, in the nuclear fuel processing process, the clarification process must be closely connected with other processes to form a complete process system. After the liquid is clarified, it can be sent to the subsequent extraction, concentration and separation process to further extract the required soluble components from the solution. At the same time, the clarification equipment needs to be regularly maintained and monitored to ensure its continued efficiency during operation. Through this series of process treatments, the impact of insoluble solid fines can be minimized, thereby improving the safety and effectiveness of nuclear fuel processing.

[0032] The presence of insoluble solid fines poses several challenges to the entire nuclear fuel processing process. First, these fine particles may cause blockage in subsequent process equipment, affecting liquid flow and the normal operation of equipment. For example, during the transmission and separation of liquids, fines may be deposited in pipes and filters, resulting in reduced flow or complete blockage, thereby delaying the production process and increasing maintenance costs. Second, the presence of insoluble solid fines may have a negative impact on subsequent separation and purification links, resulting in a decrease in the purity of the final product, and even affecting safety and environmental controllability.

[0033] In order to effectively remove these insoluble slag, it is usually necessary to rely on professional clarification equipment. The main function of the clarification equipment is to settle or filter out the solid particles in the liquid, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the liquid. Common clarification technologies include gravity sedimentation, filtration, centrifugal separation, etc. Existing slag-containing liquid clarification devices are mostly implemented by centrifugal separation. Its working principle is to continuously transport the liquid into a high-speed rotating cavity, and the centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation separates the slag and liquid with density difference. After separation, the clear liquid without slag overflows with the continuous injection of liquid, and the slag adheres to the inner wall of the cavity. After a batch of liquid clarification is completed, the slag attached to the inside of the cavity is washed down by high-pressure water. Its advantages are continuous operation, large processing capacity and high level of automation.

[0034] However, the existing slag-containing liquid clarification device cannot be used in a radioactive environment because the radioactive atmosphere is easily leaked during the centrifugal separation process, and the power source is easily contaminated by the radioactive atmosphere, resulting in failure and other problems.

[0035] The present invention proposes a radioactive slag-containing liquid clarification device, specifically a liquid clarification device that completes solid-liquid separation of radioactive slag-containing liquid (the particle size of the slag particles in the liquid is 1um-10um) by high-speed rotating centrifugal force and washes the slag by pressurized water. Considering that the use environment is a radioactive environment, the present invention arranges the power source, vibration reduction mechanism, and monitoring system of the liquid clarification outside the equipment room, and the transmission shaft inputs power to the cavity through a shielding plug to prevent the atmosphere from overflowing. In the event of a fault, personnel can complete the remote replacement of the cavity in the equipment room.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] See also Figure 1 The present invention discloses a clarification device for slag-containing liquid, comprising a cover plate 9, a driving unit 1, a centrifugal unit 4 and a feeding unit 5.

[0038] The driving unit 1 is located above the cover plate 9, and the centrifugal unit 4 is located below the cover plate 9. The driving unit 1 is connected to the centrifugal unit 4 through the transmission shaft unit 3, and is used to drive the centrifugal unit 4 to rotate. The transmission shaft unit 3 runs through the cover plate 9. A cavity 41 is provided inside the centrifugal unit 4, and a flow outlet 42 is provided at the lower end of the cavity 41. The feeding unit 5 is located below the cover plate 9, and the feeding unit 5 is connected to the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4. The feeding unit 5 is used to transport the slag-containing liquid into the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4. When the centrifugal unit 4 rotates, it can separate the clear liquid from the slag, and make the slag adhere to the side wall of the cavity 41, while the clear liquid is discharged from the flow outlet 42 at the lower end.

[0039] It should be noted that the device drives the centrifugal unit 4 to rotate at high speed through the driving unit 1, and then sprays the radioactive slag-containing liquid to the inner wall of the cavity 41 through the feeding pipe 51. When the centrifugal unit 4 rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force generated will be much greater than the gravity, and the liquid and solid particles will be pushed to the outside of the centrifugal unit 4. In this case, the slag-containing liquid is subjected to the centrifugal force thrown outward, thereby pushing the slag-containing liquid to the side wall of the rotor instead of falling directly downward. In the centrifugal unit 4, since the density of the solid particles (i.e., slag) is greater than the density of the liquid, the centrifugal force causes them to settle to the outer wall, forming a precipitate attached to the inner wall of the cavity 41, and as the liquid in the cavity 41 increases, the separated clear liquid overflows the cavity 41 from the lower end outlet 42 and enters the downstream process.

[0040] In addition, the device is installed on the cover plate 9, which is connected to the floor slab by pouring, and serves as the installation foundation of the liquid clarification device. The first area (low radioactive atmosphere area) is located above the cover plate 9, and the second area (low radioactive atmosphere area) is located below the cover plate 9. The second area is the equipment room, which is used to produce radioactive liquid, so there is a strong radioactive atmosphere inside the equipment room. The cover plate 9 is provided with a connecting hole, which extends in the vertical direction and penetrates the cover plate 9.

[0041] The fixing bracket 2 is mounted on the upper end surface of the cover plate 9. The driving unit 1 is located above the cover plate 9 and mounted on the fixing bracket 2, and the centrifugal unit 4 is located below the cover plate 9. Specifically, the driving unit 1 includes: a driving motor 11. The driving motor 11 is mounted on the upper end surface of the cover plate 9 through the fixing bracket 2, and is connected to the centrifugal unit 4 through the transmission shaft unit 3, and is used to drive the centrifugal unit 4 to rotate. A shielding plug is provided in the middle of the transmission shaft unit 3, and the shielding plug is located in the connecting hole, which is used to block the gap between the transmission shaft and the connecting hole to shield the leakage of the radioactive atmosphere in the equipment room and the centrifugal unit 4.

[0042] The drive unit 1 (for example, an automatic drive device such as a motor) and the centrifugal unit 4 are separated by a cover plate 9 and a shielding plug. The centrifugal unit 4 is used to separate highly radioactive slag-containing liquid. The advantage of this is that the highly radioactive atmosphere in the centrifugal unit 4 can be prevented from contaminating the drive unit 1, which can lead to problems such as a reduction in the service life of the drive unit 1 or even failure. Moreover, the advantage of such a connection is that the structure below the cover plate 9 is a mechanical structure without electronic components and electronic control equipment, which is strong and durable and does not require frequent maintenance. The upper part of the cover plate 9 is a low-radioactive atmosphere area, and the lower part is a high-radioactive atmosphere area. The staff can complete the inspection and maintenance of the equipment directly in the low-radioactive atmosphere area without entering the high-radioactive atmosphere area, thereby avoiding direct contact between the inspection and maintenance personnel and the high-radioactive atmosphere, which can effectively ensure the safety of the personnel. The driving power, vibration reduction system, and monitoring system are all set outside the equipment room for easy daily maintenance.

[0043] A 10mm gap is left in the middle of the shielding plug's rotating shaft to prevent the rotating shaft from colliding with the shielding plug during rotation; and gas backblowing is used to prevent the indoor atmosphere of the equipment from overflowing through the gap.

[0044] Specifically, the device also includes a blowing unit. There is a gap between the side wall of the transmission shaft unit 3 and the cover plate 9. The blowing unit is located above the cover plate 9 and faces the gap. The blowing unit is used to blow air into the gap. The airflow direction generated by the blowing is downward to achieve gas backblowing, thereby preventing the radioactive atmosphere from overflowing through the gap.

[0045] Therefore, the slag-containing liquid clarification device can clarify the slag-containing liquid and separate the clear liquid from the slag, and is particularly suitable for treating radioactive slag-containing liquid. In addition, the device uses the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating cavity 41 to separate materials, and can continuously realize the feeding, separation and discharging operations, with a long operating time.

[0046] See also Figure 1In some embodiments, the outflow port 42 at the lower end of the centrifugal unit 4 is in a constricted shape. Specifically, it is in an inverted cone-shaped constriction. In this embodiment, the advantage of setting the outflow port 42 to a constricted shape is that the liquid and solid particles are separated during the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal unit 4. Due to the high density, the solid particles move outward under the action of centrifugal force, while the liquid is relatively clear in the center area, thereby achieving a separation effect. The design of the centrifugal unit 4 takes into account the principles of fluid dynamics and centrifugal separation. The narrowing of the lower end structure (such as a conical design) helps to continue to maintain the separation between the solid particles and the liquid, allowing the clear liquid in the center of the rotor to be discharged first. This device achieves different directions of the feed liquid through the structure of the outer sleeve and the receiving hopper 82, combined with the feed liquid movement path.

[0047] In other words, the centrifugal unit 4 has a cavity 41 inside, and a flow outlet 42 is opened at the lower end of the cavity 41. The entire centrifugal unit 4 is in the shape of a cup with an open mouth downward (i.e., similar to an inverted cup). Moreover, the centrifugal unit 4 is wider at the top and gradually narrows at the bottom. Figure 1 The benefit of this is that it helps to form a concentrated sedimentation area for more efficient separation of solid particles.

[0048] It should be noted that the centrifugal force is related to the rotation speed and the radius of the rotor (i.e., the above-mentioned centrifugal unit 4). The larger the rotor radius, the greater the centrifugal force generated at the same rotation speed. This means that the solid particles can be thrown to the outer wall faster, achieving an effective separation effect. However, a larger rotor may face greater centrifugal force and cause vibration when rotating at high speed, so structural strength and dynamic balance need to be considered during design. The height of the cavity 41 directly affects the flow path and residence time of the fluid in the rotor. An appropriate height can optimize the flow of the liquid, enhance the stratification effect, and improve the separation efficiency. If the height of the rotor cavity 41 is too low, the solid particles may not be fully settled, resulting in poor separation effect; while if the height is too high, the mixing between the solid particles and the clear liquid may be increased, making the separation process less efficient. Therefore, the ideal height to diameter ratio can optimize the settling time. In view of the physical properties of the slag-containing liquid produced after the dissolution of nuclear fuel, the ratio of the height to the diameter (H / D) of the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4 can be between 0.7 and 1.1. For example, the ratio of height to diameter (H / D) can be 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1. The diameter ranges from 80 to 100 cm, and the height ranges from 50 to 100 cm. Taking H / D = 0.9 as an example, the diameter and height of the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4 are 80 cm and 72 cm, or 90 cm and 81 cm, or 100 cm and 90 cm, respectively.

[0049] Please continue reading Figure 1In some embodiments, the transmission shaft unit 3 includes a first shaft segment 321 and a second shaft segment 33, the first shaft segment 321 is located above the second shaft segment 33, the first shaft segment 321 and the second shaft segment 33 both extend in the vertical direction, and the central axes of the first shaft segment 321 and the second shaft segment 33 are on the same extension line, the output end of the driving unit 1 is connected to the first shaft segment 321, the first shaft segment 321 is located above the cover plate 9, the second shaft segment 33 passes through the cover plate 9 and is connected to the upper end of the centrifugal unit 4, and the lower end of the first shaft segment 321 is detachably connected to the upper end of the second shaft segment 33.

[0050] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the first shaft segment 321 and the upper end of the second shaft segment 33 are connected by a flange structure and fastened by a nut 34 and a bolt 35. In this embodiment, the first shaft segment 321 and the second shaft segment 33 are detachably connected, so that the drive unit 1 and the first shaft segment 321 can be easily replaced. That is, the rotating system adopts a split structure connected by a flange, and the cavity 41 can be replaced remotely.

[0051] More specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the transmission shaft unit 3 includes: a coupling 31, an upper shaft system 32, a second shaft section 33, a nut 34, and a bolt 35. Among them, the upper shaft system 32 includes: a first shaft section 321, a support plate 322, a sleeve 323, and a locking nut 324. The first shaft section 321 extends in the vertical direction. The sleeve 323 is sleeved on the first shaft section 321, and the outer side wall of the upper end of the sleeve 323 is connected to the fixed bracket 2 through the support plate 322. The support plate 322 and the sleeve 323 are used to position the first shaft section 321 to prevent the first shaft section 321 from being offset. The sleeve 323 includes a sleeve 323 body, an upper end cover, and a lower end cover. The middle part of the first shaft section 321 is provided with a step surface protruding outward, and the upper end cover, the sleeve 323 body, and the lower end cover of the sleeve 323 are placed on the step surface in sequence. The upper end cover of the sleeve 323 is pressed against the sleeve 323 body through the locking nut 324. The inner sides of both ends of the sleeve 323 body are respectively provided with bearing grooves, the bearing grooves are located between the sleeve 323 and the first shaft section 321, and the bearing grooves surround the first shaft section 321. The two bearing grooves are both provided with bearings, and the bearing sleeves are arranged on the first shaft section 321. By arranging the bearings, it is possible to provide a sliding or rolling surface when the first shaft section 321 rotates at high speed, thereby reducing friction. The bearings can be sliding bearings, angular contact ball bearings, roller bearings, etc. Angular contact ball bearings are preferred. The lower end of the first shaft section 321 is fastened to the upper end of the second shaft section 33 by nuts 34 and bolts 35. The output end of the drive motor 11 is connected to the coupling 31, the upper shaft system 32, the second shaft section 33 and the centrifugal unit 4 in sequence. The drive motor 11 drives the centrifugal unit 4 to rotate at high speed through the output end.

[0052] See also Figure 2 The device is also provided with a vibration reduction unit 6. The vibration reduction unit 6 includes a sphere 62, a spherical shell 63, a vibration reduction seat 61 (bearing seat) and a rubber spring 64. The vibration reduction seat 61 is located below the support plate 322 and surrounds the outer wall of the middle part of the sleeve 323. The vibration reduction seat 61 is elastically connected to the support plate 322 through the rubber spring 64. A placement groove is provided between the inner wall of the vibration reduction seat 61 and the outer wall of the sleeve 323, and the placement groove is used to accommodate the sphere 62 and the spherical shell 63. Among them, the inner side of the sphere 62 is provided with a first fitting surface, and the outer side of the sphere 62 is provided with a first curved surface. The shape of the first fitting surface of the sphere 62 is adapted to the shape of the outer wall of the sleeve 323. The sphere 62 is sleeved on the sleeve 323, and the first fitting surface of the sphere 62 fits the outer wall of the sleeve 323. The inner side of the ball shell 63 is provided with a second curved surface, and the outer side of the ball shell 63 is provided with a second fitting surface. The ball shell 63 surrounds the sphere 62. The fitting shape of the second fitting surface of the ball shell 63 is adapted to the shape of the inner side wall of the placement groove, and the second fitting surface of the ball shell 63 fits the inner side wall of the placement groove. The second curved surface of the ball shell 63 and the first curved surface of the ball body 62 are in contact with each other, and are used to achieve force unloading during the vibration of the first shaft section 321 through relative rolling between the ball shell 63 and the ball body 62 when the centrifugal unit 4 rotates at a high speed to drive the first shaft section 321 to vibrate, that is, the vibration force is transmitted to the rubber spring 64 through the vibration damping seat 61, and vibration suppression is achieved through the expansion and contraction of the rubber spring 64.

[0053] In some embodiments, the feeding unit 5 includes a feeding pipe 51, which extends in a vertical direction. The central axis of the feeding pipe 51 is on the same extension line as the central axis of the centrifugal unit 4. The feeding pipe 51 passes through the outflow port 42, and the upper half of the feeding pipe 51 is accommodated in the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4. A discharge port is opened on the side wall of the upper end of the feeding pipe 51, and the discharge port faces the side wall of the cavity 41, which is used to input slag-containing liquid into the cavity 41.

[0054] In this embodiment, by directing the discharge port toward the side wall of the cavity 41, the radioactive slag-containing liquid can be sprayed toward the inner wall of the cavity 41, thereby allowing the slag-containing liquid to be affected by centrifugal force. However, if only an upward outlet is set at the upper end of the feeding pipe 51, the radioactive slag-containing liquid is likely to directly remain along the wall of the feeding pipe 51, and the effect of centrifugal separation cannot be achieved.

[0055] In other words, the feeding unit 5 includes a feeding pipe 51, which passes through the outflow port 42 and extends upward into the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4. There are multiple discharge ports opened on the side wall of the upper end of the feeding pipe 51, and the multiple discharge ports are evenly arranged along the circumference of the feeding pipe 51, and the radioactive slag-containing liquid is sprayed out through the discharge ports of the feeding pipe 51. The advantage of the multiple discharge ports being evenly arranged along the circumference of the feeding pipe 51 is that the radioactive slag-containing liquid can be sprayed toward the inner wall of the cavity 41, while if only an upward outlet is set at the upper end of the feeding pipe 51, the radioactive slag-containing liquid is likely to directly remain along the wall of the feeding pipe 51, and the effect of centrifugal separation cannot be achieved.

[0056] Furthermore, there are multiple discharge ports, and the multiple discharge ports are evenly arranged along the circumference of the feeding pipe 51. By evenly arranging the multiple discharge ports, uneven discharge can be avoided.

[0057] In addition, the device further comprises a water collecting bucket 7, which is located below the cover plate 9 and connected to the lower end surface of the cover plate 9. A receiving chamber 71 is provided inside the water collecting bucket 7, and the centrifugal unit 4 is accommodated in the receiving chamber 71. The inner side wall of the water collecting bucket 7 is used to collect and guide the clear liquid discharged from the centrifugal unit 4. A clear liquid outlet 72 is provided at the lower end of the water collecting bucket 7, and the clear liquid is guided to the clear liquid outlet 72 through the side wall of the water collecting bucket 7 for discharge.

[0058] In this embodiment, by providing the water collecting bucket 7, the clear liquid can be gathered and guided to avoid splashing of the radioactive clear liquid.

[0059] A guide slope 73 is also provided at the lower end of the water collecting bucket 7, and the clear liquid outlet 72 is located on one side of the guide slope 73. The first end of the guide slope 73 is the end away from the clear liquid outlet 72, and the second end is the end close to the clear liquid outlet 72. The height position of the guide slope 73 gradually decreases from the first end to the second end. The guide slope 73 is used to guide the clear liquid to the clear liquid outlet 72 for discharge.

[0060] By providing the guide slope 73, the radioactive clear liquid can be better guided to the clear liquid outlet 72. By providing the clear liquid outlet 72 on one side of the guide slope 73, the flushing unit 8 and the feeding pipe 51 can be avoided.

[0061] In other words, the water collecting bucket 7 is located below the cover plate 9 and connected to the lower end surface of the cover plate 9. The interior of the water collecting bucket 7 is provided with a receiving chamber 71, and the centrifugal unit 4 is received in the receiving chamber 71. The lower end of the receiving chamber 71 is provided with a guide slope 73 and a clear liquid outlet 72. The first end of the guide slope 73 is an end away from the clear liquid outlet 72, and the second end is an end close to the clear liquid outlet 72. The position of the second end of the guide slope 73 is lower than the position of the first end, so as to guide the clear liquid after centrifugal separation to the clear liquid outlet 72 and discharge it through the clear liquid outlet 72.

[0062] In summary, the process of centrifugal separation of the device is as follows: when in use, first start the drive motor 11 to drive the centrifugal unit 4 to rotate at high speed. Then, the radioactive slag-containing liquid is sprayed to the inner wall of the cavity 41 through the feeding pipe 51. When the rotor (i.e., the centrifugal unit 4) rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force generated will be much greater than gravity. The centrifugal force is generated by the speed of the rotating object and its distance from the center of rotation, which will push the liquid and solid particles to the outside of the rotor (centrifugal unit 4). In this case, the slag-containing liquid is subjected to the centrifugal force thrown outward, thereby pushing the slag-containing liquid to the side wall of the rotor instead of falling directly downward. In the centrifugal rotor, since the density of solid particles is greater than that of liquid, the centrifugal force causes them to settle to the outer wall, forming a precipitate attached to the inner wall of the cavity 41, and as the liquid in the cavity 41 increases, the separated clear liquid overflows the cavity 41 from the lower end outlet 42, and is thrown into the water collecting bucket 7 under the action of centrifugal force, and then guides the inclined surface 73 and the clear liquid outlet 72 to enter the downstream process. Moreover, during the rotation process, the liquid and solid particles are separated. Solid particles move outward due to their high density due to the centrifugal force, while the liquid is relatively clear in the central area, thereby achieving a separation effect. The design of the centrifugal unit 4 takes into account the principles of fluid dynamics and centrifugal separation, and the narrowing of the lower end structure (such as a conical design) helps to continue to maintain the separation between solid particles and liquid, allowing clear liquid to be discharged in the central part of the rotor.

[0063] The device also includes a flushing unit 8, which is located below the centrifugal unit 4 and passes through the guide slope 73 of the water collecting bucket 7. The flushing unit 8 is connected to the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4 and is used to flush the side wall of the cavity 41 and discharge the residue-containing wastewater generated by the flushing out of the centrifugal unit 4.

[0064] Furthermore, the flushing unit 8 includes a flushing water pipe 81 and a receiving hopper 82. The receiving hopper 82 is located directly below the outflow port 42 of the centrifugal unit 4, and the receiving hopper 82 passes through the guide slope 73 of the water collecting hopper 7. The flushing water pipe 81 and the feeding pipe 51 are both passed through the receiving hopper 82 and extend upward into the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4. A plurality of water outlets are provided on the side wall of the flushing water pipe 81. The plurality of water outlets are arranged along the axial direction of the flushing water pipe 81, and the water outlets are all facing the inner wall of the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4. The flushing water pipe 81 is used to spray high-pressure water onto the inner wall of the cavity 41 to flush down the slag attached to the inner wall of the cavity 41, and the slag-containing wastewater generated by the flushing is discharged through the receiving hopper 82.

[0065] Furthermore, a liquid receiving port is provided at the upper end of the receiving hopper 82, and a slag water outlet 83 is provided at the lower end. The cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid receiving port is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the outflow port 42 so as to receive the slag-containing wastewater generated by flushing.

[0066] In other words, the flushing unit 8 includes: a flushing water pipe 81 and a receiving hopper 82. The receiving hopper 82 is located directly below the centrifugal unit 4 and passes through the lower end of the water collecting hopper 7. The feeding pipe 51 is passed through the receiving hopper 82 and extends upward into the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4. The receiving hopper 82 is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The upper end of the receiving hopper 82 is provided with a liquid receiving port, and the lower end is provided with a slag water outlet 83. The liquid receiving port of the receiving hopper 82 is located directly below the centrifugal unit 4 and faces the outflow port 42 of the centrifugal unit 4. The flushing water pipe 81 is passed through the receiving hopper 82 and extends upward into the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4. A plurality of water outlets are provided on the side wall of the flushing water pipe 81, and the water outlets face the inner side wall of the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4, and the plurality of water outlets are arranged along the axial direction of the flushing water pipe 81. When washing the residue sediment attached to the inner wall of the cavity 41, high-pressure water is sprayed toward the inner wall of the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4 through the water outlet of the washing water pipe 81, so as to wash off the residue attached to the inside of the cavity 41. At the same time, the driving motor 11 drives the centrifugal unit 4 to rotate slowly, so that the high-pressure water can wash the entire side wall of the cavity 41 of the centrifugal unit 4. The generated residue-containing washing water is collected by the receiving hopper 82 and enters the residue water storage tank through the residue water outlet 83.

[0067] It should be noted that when centrifuging the slag-containing liquid, the centrifugal unit 4 needs to rotate at a high speed, and the rotation speed of the centrifugal unit 4 is the first rotation speed. When washing the slag sediment attached to the inner wall, it can be rotated slowly, and the rotation speed of the centrifugal unit 4 is the second rotation speed. The first rotation speed ranges from 2000 to 3000 rpm, and the second rotation speed ranges from 20 to 50 rpm. For example, the first rotation speed is 2000, 2500 or 3000 rpm; the second rotation speed is 20, 30, 40, 50 rpm.

[0068] The following is the working process of the radioactive slag liquid clarification device:

[0069] The radioactive slag-containing liquid clarification device is used to separate insoluble slag in radioactive liquid, and comprises: a driving motor 11, a fixing bracket 2, a coupling 31, an upper shaft system 32, a cover plate 9, a cavity 41, and an outer sleeve (i.e. the above-mentioned water collecting bucket 7).

[0070] The cover plate 9 is cast in the floor slab as the installation foundation of the liquid clarification device. The fixed bracket 2 is fixed on the cover plate 9, and the driving motor 11 is installed on the top of the fixed bracket 2, and is connected to the upper part of the upper shaft (i.e., the first shaft section 321) through the coupling 31. The cavity 41 passes through the cover plate 9 and is arranged in the equipment room in the form of a flange and is installed with the lower part of the upper shaft, and is fixed by bolts 35 and nuts 34, that is, the centrifugal unit 4 is arranged in the equipment room, and its upper end is connected to the lower part of the upper shaft through the lower shaft (i.e., the second shaft section 33) passing through the cover plate 9, and the upper part of the lower shaft is connected to the lower part of the upper shaft through a flange structure, and is fixed by bolts 35 and nuts 34, so as to realize the high-speed rotation of the cavity 41 driven by the motor power. The upper shaft system 32 also includes an upper shaft, a support plate 322, a bearing seat, a sleeve 323, a ball 62, and a ball shell 63. The bearing seat is fixed to the inner side of the fixed bracket 2, and the sleeve 323 and the upper shaft are suspended on the fixed bracket 2 through the ball 62 and the ball shell 63. The rubber spring 64 is pressed against the upper surface of the support plate, and vibration suppression is achieved through the swing of the support plate. The outer sleeve (water collecting bucket 7) is arranged outside the cavity 41 to isolate the interior of the equipment from the atmosphere of the equipment room, and the clarified liquid overflowing from the cavity 41 enters the subsequent process flow through the clear liquid outlet 72. The receiving hopper 82 is installed at the lower part of the outer sleeve, concentric with the cavity 41, and is provided with a flushing water pipe 81 and a feeding pipe 51. During flushing, the slag water is collected by the receiving hopper 82 and enters the slag water storage tank.

[0071] The driving motor 11 drives the upper shaft and the cavity 41 to rotate at high speed through the coupling 31. The feed liquid enters the cavity 41 through the feeding pipe 51 and is sprayed onto the inner wall to clarify the feed liquid. As the liquid in the cavity 41 increases, the separated clear liquid overflows the cavity 41 and is thrown into the outer sleeve under the action of centrifugal force, and then enters the downstream process along the clear liquid outlet 72. After a batch of feed liquid is clarified, the driving motor 11 is shut down and then restarted to run at a low speed. The flushing water sprays the high-pressure flushing water onto the inner wall of the cavity 41 through the flushing water pipe 81 for flushing. The generated flushing water is collected by the receiving hopper 82 and enters the slag water storage tank through the slag water outlet 83. During operation, the cavity 41 will produce lateral swings, and the swing displacement is transmitted to the rubber spring 64 through the upper shaft, the ball 62, the sleeve 323, and the support plate 322. Vibration suppression is achieved by the expansion and contraction of the rubber spring 64.

[0072] In summary, the advantages of this device are:

[0073] 1. The liquid clarification device separates materials through the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating cavity 41, and can continuously realize the feeding, separation and discharging operations, with a long operating time;

[0074] 2. The driving power, vibration reduction system and monitoring system are all installed outside the equipment room to facilitate daily maintenance;

[0075] 3. Through the structure of the outer sleeve and the receiving hopper 82, combined with the liquid movement path, different liquid (clear liquid and slag-containing flushing water) directions are achieved;

[0076] 4. The rotating system adopts a split structure connected by flanges, and the cavity 41 can be replaced remotely.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] The present invention discloses a slag-containing liquid processing system, comprising a floor, a first area, a second area and the slag-containing liquid clarifying device in embodiment 1.

[0079] The floor is located between the first area and the second area, a liquid container is placed in the second area, the liquid container is used to store the slag liquid produced by the dissolution of nuclear fuel, the cover plate 9 of the slag liquid clarification device is installed on the floor, and the loading unit 5 of the slag liquid clarification device is connected to the liquid container, which is used to centrifuge the slag liquid. The slag liquid is radioactive.

[0080] The slag-containing liquid treatment system adopts the slag-containing liquid clarification device in Example 1, which can clarify the radioactive slag-containing liquid and avoid shortening the service life of the driving equipment, the vibration reduction system, and the monitoring system due to the influence of highly radioactive aerosols.

[0081] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clarification device for slag-containing liquid, characterized in that: include: A cover plate (9), a driving unit (1), a centrifugal unit (4) and a loading unit (5); The driving unit (1) is located above the cover plate (9), and the centrifugal unit (4) is located below the cover plate (9); the driving unit (1) is connected to the centrifugal unit (4) via a transmission shaft unit (3) and is used to drive the centrifugal unit (4) to rotate; and the transmission shaft unit (3) passes through the cover plate (9); The centrifugal unit (4) is provided with a cavity (41) inside, and a flow outlet (42) is provided at the lower end of the cavity (41). The loading unit (5) is located below the cover plate (9), and the loading unit (5) is communicated with the cavity (41) of the centrifugal unit (4). The loading unit (5) is used to transport slag-containing liquid into the cavity (41) of the centrifugal unit (4). When the centrifugal unit (4) rotates, the clear liquid and the slag can be separated, and the slag can be attached to the side wall of the cavity (41), while the clear liquid is discharged from the flow outlet (42) at the lower end.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a blowing unit, a gap exists between the side wall of the transmission shaft unit (3) and the cover plate (9), the blowing unit is located above the cover plate (9) and faces the gap, and the blowing unit is used to blow air into the gap, and the airflow generated by the blowing is directed downward.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The outflow port (42) at the lower end of the centrifugal unit (4) is in a constricted shape.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The transmission shaft unit (3) comprises a first shaft section (321) and a second shaft section (33); the first shaft section (321) is located above the second shaft section (33); the first shaft section (321) and the second shaft section (33) both extend in a vertical direction; and the central axes of the first shaft section (321) and the second shaft section (33) are located on the same extension line; the output end of the drive unit (1) is connected to the first shaft section (321); the first shaft section (321) is located above the cover plate (9); the second shaft section (33) passes through the cover plate (9) and is connected to the upper end of the centrifugal unit (4); and the lower end of the first shaft section (321) is detachably connected to the upper end of the second shaft section (33).

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The feeding unit (5) comprises a feeding pipe (51), the feeding pipe (51) extends in a vertical direction, the central axis of the feeding pipe (51) is on the same extension line as the central axis of the centrifugal unit (4), the feeding pipe (51) passes through the outflow port (42), and the upper half of the feeding pipe (51) is accommodated in the cavity (41) of the centrifugal unit (4), and a discharge port is provided on the side wall of the upper end of the feeding pipe (51), the discharge port faces the side wall of the cavity (41), and is used to input slag-containing liquid into the cavity (41).

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that There are multiple discharge ports, and the multiple discharge ports are evenly distributed along the circumference of the feeding pipe (51).

7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that It also comprises a water collecting bucket (7), the water collecting bucket (7) being located below the cover plate (9) and connected to the lower end surface of the cover plate (9), the water collecting bucket (7) being provided with a receiving cavity (71) inside, the centrifugal unit (4) being received in the receiving cavity (71), The inner side wall of the water collecting bucket (7) is used to collect and guide the clear liquid discharged from the centrifugal unit (4). A clear liquid outlet (72) is provided at the lower end of the water collecting bucket (7). The clear liquid is guided to the clear liquid outlet (72) through the side wall of the water collecting bucket (7) and discharged.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The lower end of the water collecting bucket (7) is further provided with a guiding inclined surface (73), the clear liquid outlet (72) is located on one side of the guiding inclined surface (73), the first end of the guiding inclined surface (73) is an end away from the clear liquid outlet (72), and the second end is an end close to the clear liquid outlet (72), the height position of the guiding inclined surface (73) gradually decreases from the first end to the second end, and the guiding inclined surface (73) is used to guide the clear liquid to the clear liquid outlet (72) for discharge.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that The invention also comprises a flushing unit (8), the flushing unit (8) being located below the centrifugal unit (4) and penetrating the guide slope (73) of the water collecting bucket (7), the flushing unit (8) being connected to the cavity (41) of the centrifugal unit (4) and being used for flushing the side wall of the cavity (41) and discharging the residue-containing wastewater generated by the flushing out of the centrifugal unit (4).

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The flushing unit (8) comprises a flushing water pipe (81) and a receiving hopper (82). The receiving hopper (82) is located directly below the outflow port (42) of the centrifugal unit (4), and the receiving hopper (82) passes through the guiding inclined surface (73) of the water collecting hopper (7). The flushing water pipe (81) and the feeding pipe (51) are both passed through the receiving hopper (82) and extend upward into the cavity (41) of the centrifugal unit (4). A plurality of water outlets are provided on the side wall of the flushing water pipe (81), and the plurality of water outlets are arranged along the axial direction of the flushing water pipe (81). The water outlets are all facing the inner side wall of the cavity (41) of the centrifugal unit (4). The flushing water pipe (81) is used to spray high-pressure water toward the inner wall of the cavity (41) to flush off the slag attached to the inner wall of the cavity (41), and the slag-containing wastewater generated by the flushing is discharged through the receiving hopper (82).

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that The upper end of the receiving hopper (82) is provided with a liquid receiving port, and the lower end is provided with a slag water outlet (83). The cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid receiving port is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the outflow port (42) so as to receive the slag-containing wastewater generated by flushing.

12. A slag-containing liquid processing system, characterized in that: The device comprises a floor, a first area, a second area and a slag-containing liquid clarification device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, The floor is located between the first area and the second area. A liquid container is placed in the second area. The liquid container is used to store slag-containing liquid produced by dissolving nuclear fuel. A cover plate (9) of the slag-containing liquid clarification device is installed on the floor. A loading unit (5) of the slag-containing liquid clarification device is connected to the liquid container and is used to centrifugally separate the slag-containing liquid. The slag-containing liquid is radioactive.

Images