Multi-mode perovskite and laminated cell comprehensive test system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-mode perovskite and laminated cell comprehensive test system and method. The system comprises a darkroom, a test platform, an LED light source module, a CCD camera, a laser, an adjustable constant current source, an electronic load and an upper computer. The darkroom is used for shielding external ambient light and providing a dark test environment; the test platform is installed in the darkroom, and a to-be-tested battery is placed on the test platform; the LED light source module is used for providing a test light source; the CCD camera is used for capturing an optical signal generated by the battery to be tested in the testing process; the laser is used for emitting a laser beam to excite the to-be-detected battery to generate a specific optical response; the adjustable constant current source and the electronic load module can be electrically connected with a to-be-tested battery on the test platform, the adjustable constant current source is used for supplying current to the to-be-tested battery, and the electronic load module is used for simulating different load conditions; and the upper computer is used for realizing intelligent control of the test process and processing and display of test data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a comprehensive testing system and method for multi-modal perovskite and laminated cells. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, perovskite cells have shown great application potential in the photovoltaic field and have become a research hotspot due to their advantages such as high photoelectric conversion efficiency, low-cost preparation process and solution processing. However, the performance testing of perovskite cells still faces many challenges.

[0003] Existing testing technologies are relatively simple, usually using only a single test method, such as evaluating the basic electrical properties of the battery only through IV (current-voltage) testing, or analyzing the defects of the battery only through EL (electroluminescence) testing. However, the performance of perovskite batteries is affected by a variety of factors, and a single test method is difficult to fully and accurately reflect the true performance and internal mechanism of the battery. For example, relying solely on IV testing cannot provide an in-depth understanding of the carrier recombination process and defect distribution inside the battery; and although the single EL test can provide information about the optical properties of the material, it does not adequately reflect the electrical performance of the battery under actual working conditions.

[0004] As the research on perovskite batteries continues to deepen, the need for comprehensive and accurate evaluation of their performance is becoming increasingly urgent. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a multi-modal comprehensive testing system that can integrate multiple testing technologies such as IV, EL, PL (photoluminescence), and QE (quantum efficiency). Summary of the invention

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A multi-modal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system, including a darkroom, a testing platform, an LED light source module, a CCD camera, a laser, an adjustable constant current source, an electronic load and a host computer;

[0007] The darkroom is used to shield external ambient light and provide a dark testing environment;

[0008] The test platform is installed in the darkroom, the test platform is used to place the battery to be tested, and the test platform has a test probe for connecting to the battery to be tested;

[0009] The LED light source module is installed in the darkroom to provide a test light source;

[0010] The CCD camera is installed in the darkroom to capture the light signal generated by the battery under test during the test process;

[0011] The output lens of the laser is installed in the dark room, and the laser is used to emit a laser beam to stimulate the battery to be tested to produce a specific optical response;

[0012] The adjustable constant current source and the electronic load module are both located outside the darkroom and can be electrically connected to the battery to be tested on the test platform. The adjustable constant current source is used to supply current to the battery to be tested, and the electronic load module is used to simulate different load conditions to test the electrical performance of the battery to be tested under different loads.

[0013] The host computer is used to realize intelligent control of the test process and the processing and display of test data.

[0014] In some embodiments, the LED light source module includes a first LED light source, a second LED light source, and a third LED light source;

[0015] The light emitted by the first LED light source and the second LED light source is homogenized by a fly-eye lens, and then collimated by a collimating lens, and then irradiated to the test platform from the front;

[0016] The light emitted by the third LED light source irradiates the test platform from the side;

[0017] The spectral range of the first LED light source covers 300-1200nm, which can simulate different light intensities and spectral distributions to achieve IV and QE tests of the battery to be tested;

[0018] The second LED light source and the third LED light source are used together to implement light bathing and light aging tests, and the overall irradiation range of the second LED light source and the third LED light source is 0.5-10 times the standard light intensity.

[0019] In some embodiments, there are two CCD cameras, and the two CCD cameras are matched with different filters to capture light signals of different wavelength bands respectively.

[0020] In some embodiments, the laser outputs lasers with wavelengths of 450 nm and 808 nm respectively through two output lenses, which are used to excite the perovskite layer and the crystalline silicon layer respectively.

[0021] Another aspect of the present invention provides a multi-modal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing method, which uses the above-mentioned multi-modal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system and includes the following steps:

[0022] S1. Place the battery to be tested on the test platform and connect relevant equipment;

[0023] S2, perform an IV test;

[0024] S3. Conduct a QE test;

[0025] S4. Conduct an EL test;

[0026] S5. Perform a PL test;

[0027] S6. End the test and output the test report.

[0028] In some embodiments, in step S2, when performing the IV test, the first LED light source of the LED light source module outputs simulated sunlight, the second LED light source and the third LED light source do not work, and the electronic load module is adjusted to measure the output current under different voltages. The host computer synchronously collects data and draws a current-voltage curve based on the collected data, thereby completing the IV test.

[0029] In some embodiments, in step S3, when performing the QE test, the host computer controls the first LED light source to output light of different wavelengths, and at the same time measures the photocurrent generated by the battery to be tested when irradiated with light of the corresponding wavelength, and calculates the ratio of the photocurrent to the number of incident photons to obtain the quantum efficiency at different wavelengths. After completing the test, the first LED light source is turned off.

[0030] In some embodiments, in step S4, when performing an EL test, current is supplied to the battery to be tested through an adjustable constant current source, carrier recombination inside the battery generates fluorescence, a CCD camera captures the fluorescence signal emitted by the battery to be tested, and transmits the signal to a host computer for analysis to complete the EL test, and the adjustable constant current source is disconnected after the test is completed.

[0031] In some embodiments, in step S5, when performing PL testing, a laser is used to emit a laser beam of a specific wavelength and energy to irradiate the battery to be tested, so that electrons in the battery to be tested are stimulated to transition and generate photoluminescence. A CCD camera captures the photoluminescence signal and transmits the signal to a host computer for analysis to complete the PL test. After the test is completed, the laser is turned off.

[0032] In some embodiments, if a long-term aging test is to be performed on the battery under test, then:

[0033] In step S5, after the PL test is performed, the current total test number is recorded plus 1, and it is determined whether the current total test number reaches the preset value. If it reaches, the process proceeds to step S6, and if it does not reach, the process proceeds to step S5';

[0034] S5', perform light aging treatment for a preset time, and then return to step S2;

[0035] In step S5', when light aging treatment is performed, the first LED light source of the LED light source module does not work, the second LED light source serves as the main light source, and the third LED light source serves as the auxiliary light source. The treatment is completed according to the preset intensity and time of the light aging treatment. During the treatment process, when the irradiance output is less than 5 times the standard light intensity, only the second LED light source is turned on. When the irradiance output is not less than 5 times the standard light intensity, the second LED light source and the third LED light source are turned on at the same time.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the multimodal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system and method provided by the present invention are as follows: the present invention integrates multiple testing technologies such as IV, EL, PL, QE, etc., realizes multimodal comprehensive testing, and can analyze perovskite batteries from multiple dimensions to obtain richer and more accurate performance data. It is of great significance to promote the research and industrialization development of perovskite batteries, and solves the shortcomings of existing testing technologies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-modal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the light paths of the first LED light source and the second LED light source.

[0039] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0040] 1. Darkroom; 2. Test platform; 3. CCD camera; 4. Laser; 5. Adjustable constant current source; 6. Electronic load; 7. Host computer; 8. Compound eye lens; 9. Collimating lens; 10. Battery to be tested; 11. First LED light source; 12. Second LED light source; 13. Third LED light source; 14. Output lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the following further describes how the present invention is implemented in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0042] Reference Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a multi-modal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive test system, including a darkroom 1, a test platform 2, an LED light source module, a CCD camera 3, a laser 4, an adjustable constant current source 5, an electronic load 6 and a host computer 7; the darkroom 1 is used to shield the external ambient light and provide a dark test environment; the test platform 2 is installed in the darkroom 1, and the test platform 2 is used to place the battery to be tested 10, and the test platform 2 has a test probe for connecting to the battery to be tested 10; the LED light source module is installed in the darkroom 1 to provide a test light source; the CCD camera 3 is installed in the darkroom 1 to capture the test The light signal generated by the battery 10 during the test process; the output lens 14 of the laser 4 is installed in the darkroom 1, and the laser 4 is used to emit a laser beam to stimulate the battery 10 to produce a specific optical response; the adjustable constant current source 5 and the electronic load 6 module are both located outside the darkroom 1 and can be electrically connected to the battery 10 to be tested on the test platform 2, the adjustable constant current source 5 is used to supply current to the battery 10 to be tested, and the electronic load 6 module is used to simulate different load conditions to test the electrical performance of the battery 10 to be tested under different loads; the host computer 7 is used to realize the intelligent control of the test process and the processing and display of the test data.

[0043] Further references Figure 2 As shown, preferably, the LED light source module includes a first LED light source 11, a second LED light source 12 and a third LED light source 13; the light emitted by the first LED light source 11 and the second LED light source 12 are homogenized by a compound eye lens 8, and then collimated by a collimating lens 9, and then irradiated to the test platform 2 from the front; the light emitted by the third LED light source 13 is irradiated to the test platform 2 from the side; the spectral range of the first LED light source 11 covers 300-1200nm, and can simulate different light intensities and spectral distributions. Normally, the first LED light source 11 is output alone to realize IV and QE tests of the battery 10 to be tested; the second LED light source 12 and the third LED light source 13 are used together to realize light bathing and light aging tests, and the overall irradiation range of the second LED light source 12 and the third LED light source 13 is 0.5-10 times the standard light intensity.

[0044] Preferably, there are two CCD cameras 3, and the two CCD cameras 3 are equipped with different filters to capture light signals of different bands. By imaging and analyzing these light signals, information such as the luminescence characteristics, defect distribution, and carrier recombination inside the battery can be obtained, thereby evaluating the optical performance of the battery.

[0045] As a specific excitation light source, the laser 4 can emit a laser beam of specific wavelength and energy to excite the perovskite and the stacked battery to produce a specific optical response, providing conditions for in-depth research on the optical and electrical properties of the battery. Preferably, the laser 4 outputs lasers with wavelengths of 450nm and 808nm through two output lenses 14, respectively, to excite the perovskite layer and the crystalline silicon layer, respectively, and PL images of different layers can be observed.

[0046] In addition, the adjustable constant current source 5 plays a key role in the EL test. Its working principle is to supply current to the perovskite and stacked cells, causing the cells to emit fluorescence, thereby realizing EL testing. The adjustable constant current source 5 can output high-precision and stable current to the system. Moreover, it can accurately adjust the current size according to the diverse test requirements, fully meet the stringent requirements for battery power supply under different test conditions, and effectively ensure that the battery always maintains a stable working state during the entire test process.

[0047] Electronic load 6 is used to simulate different load conditions. By changing parameters such as load resistance, the electrical performance of perovskite and stacked cells under different loads, such as current and voltage characteristics, is tested, so as to comprehensively evaluate the output capacity and stability of the battery. Specifically, it can be used for IV curve testing, aging testing, QE testing, etc.

[0048] In addition, the test platform 2 is a carrier for placing the battery 10 to be tested, and has an adjustable test probe for connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the battery 10 to be tested. It also has a certain mechanical stability and precise positioning function to ensure that the battery 10 to be tested is fixed in position during the test and maintains good connection and coupling with various test equipment.

[0049] The test platform 2 is placed in the darkroom 1, which can effectively shield the interference of external ambient light and ensure the accuracy and reliability of optical test data.

[0050] The host computer 7 is the control core of the entire test system, and it uniformly controls and coordinates each module through a specific software program. It can accurately control the intensity and wavelength of the light source, the output current of the power supply, the parameters of the electronic load, etc., and collect and process the test data from the CCD camera, IV test equipment, etc. in real time, perform data analysis, storage and display, and finally generate a comprehensive test report, providing strong support for the performance evaluation and research of perovskite and stacked batteries. Through the intelligent control and data processing functions of the host computer 7, the automation of the test process and the efficiency of data management can be realized, which greatly improves the test efficiency and data availability.

[0051] Another aspect of the present invention provides a multi-modal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing method, which uses the above-mentioned multi-modal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system and includes the following steps:

[0052] S1, placing the battery 10 to be tested on the test platform 2 and connecting relevant equipment;

[0053] S2. Perform an IV test.

[0054] Specifically, when performing the IV test, the first LED light source 11 of the LED light source module outputs simulated sunlight, such as a 3A+ level light source (standard light intensity of 1000W / m2), the second LED light source 12 and the third LED light source 13 do not work, and the electronic load 6 module is adjusted to measure the output current under different voltages. The host computer 7 synchronously collects data and draws a current-voltage curve based on the collected data, thereby completing the IV test and obtaining the battery's open circuit voltage, short-circuit current and other electrical performance parameters.

[0055] S3. Perform a QE test.

[0056] Specifically, when performing the QE test, the host computer 7 controls the first LED light source 11 to output light of different wavelengths, and at the same time measures the photocurrent generated by the battery 10 to be tested when irradiated with light of the corresponding wavelength. By calculating the ratio of the photocurrent to the number of incident photons, the quantum efficiency at different wavelengths is obtained. After the test is completed, the first LED light source 11 is turned off.

[0057] S4. Perform an EL test.

[0058] Specifically, when performing the EL test, current is supplied to the battery 10 to be tested through the adjustable constant current source 5, and the carriers inside the battery recombine to generate fluorescence. The CCD camera 3 captures the fluorescence signal emitted by the battery 10 to be tested, and transmits the signal to the host computer 7 for analysis to obtain information such as the luminescence characteristics and defect distribution inside the battery, and complete the EL test. After the test is completed, the adjustable constant current source 5 is disconnected.

[0059] S5. Perform a PL test.

[0060] Specifically, when performing PL testing, a laser beam of a specific wavelength (such as 450nm and 808nm) and energy is emitted by a laser 4 to irradiate the battery 10 to be tested, so that electrons in the battery 10 to be tested are stimulated to transition and generate photoluminescence. The CCD camera 3 captures the photoluminescence signal and transmits the signal to the host computer 7 for analysis to obtain optical property information such as the luminous efficiency and band gap structure of the battery material, complete the PL test, and turn off the laser 4 after the test is completed.

[0061] S6. End the test and output the test report.

[0062] It can be understood that the above is a combined test process in a specific embodiment. Through programming test logic, the various performances of the battery 10 to be tested are comprehensively tested in a certain order; in addition, each test function can also be flexibly applied separately to complete different types of tests as needed. This flexible testing method can meet the needs of different users and different test scenarios, whether it is an in-depth study of a single performance or a comprehensive performance evaluation of the battery, it can be completed efficiently.

[0063] In another embodiment, if a long-term aging test is to be performed on the battery 10 to be tested, then:

[0064] In step S5, after the PL test is performed, the current total test times are recorded plus 1, and it is determined whether the current total test times have reached a preset value (such as 2000 times). If so, the process proceeds to step S6; if not, the process proceeds to step S5';

[0065] S5', perform light aging treatment for a preset time, and then return to step S2.

[0066] Specifically, when performing light aging treatment, the first LED light source 11 of the LED light source module does not work, the second LED light source 12 is used as the main light source, and the third LED light source 13 is used as the auxiliary light source. The treatment is completed according to the preset intensity and time of the light aging treatment. During the treatment process, when the irradiance output is less than 5 times the standard light intensity, only the second LED light source 12 is turned on, and when the irradiance output is not less than 5 times the standard light intensity, the second LED light source 12 and the third LED light source 13 are turned on at the same time. For example, the preset time of the light aging treatment can be 1 hour, and the light intensity can be 1 times the standard light intensity. At this time, only the second LED light source 12 needs to be turned on.

[0067] In this way, a long-term aging test of the battery 10 to be tested is achieved, which is conducive to analyzing the long-term working performance of multimodal perovskite and stacked batteries, and predicting possible defects and hidden dangers of the battery during long-term operation.

[0068] In addition, during the test, the accuracy of the electronic load 6 is very important, otherwise the measurement result is prone to deviation. In a specific embodiment, the present invention also implements the self-calibration of the electronic load 6 by the following method:

[0069] When the device is turned on and every preset working time (such as 1 hour), the electronic load 6 automatically switches to the self-calibration mode, and automatically switches back to the working mode after the calibration is completed. In the working mode, the electronic load 5 is electrically connected to the battery 10 to be tested to obtain the electrical signal output by the battery 10 to be tested, so as to implement the electrical performance test of the battery 10 to be tested; in the self-calibration mode, the electronic load 5 is connected to its own reference source. The reference source can be a precision device that has been strictly measured by the Metrology Institute to ensure its accuracy, and is used to generate high-precision and stable current and voltage reference signals, providing a standard reference for current and voltage measurements, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

[0070] In the self-calibration mode, according to the calculation formula X=(Tn-Bn) / (Tn+Bn)*100%, where Tn is the measurement value of the acquisition unit of the electronic load 5, Bn is the standard value of the reference signal of the reference source 5, and X represents the deviation value, the deviation of the current and voltage are calculated respectively. Then, the deviation values ​​of the current and voltage are compared with the preset threshold value. If the deviation values ​​of the current and voltage are not greater than the preset threshold value (such as 0.01%), no processing is performed and the self-calibration mode is terminated, otherwise the calibration process is entered.

[0071] After starting the calibration process, the principle of voltage calibration is as follows:

[0072] The range of the voltage value collected by the collection unit of the electronic load 5 is expressed as Vmin~Vmax, and the standard values ​​of the three calibration points Vref1, Vref2, and Vref3 are selected by the following formula:

[0073] Vref1=Vmin+1 / 8(Vmax-Vmin);

[0074] Vref2=Vmin+1 / 2(Vmax-Vmin);

[0075] Vref3=Vmin+7 / 8(Vmax-Vmin);

[0076] The reference source inputs the three standard values ​​into the acquisition unit in sequence, and records the measured values ​​Vmeas1, Vmeas2, and Vmeas3 of the acquisition unit at each standard value; using 1 / 8, 1 / 2, and 7 / 8 of the range to select three different standard values ​​can more comprehensively cover the range of the acquisition system, thereby calibrating the acquisition system more accurately;

[0077] For the convenience of representation, the three measured values ​​Vmeas1, Vmeas2, and Vmeas3 are represented as x1, x2, and x3 respectively, and the three standard values ​​Vref1, Vref2, and Vref3 are the corresponding calibrated target values, which are represented as y1, y2, and y3 respectively;

[0078] The calibration model is represented by a linear function y=ax+b, where y represents the value after calibration, x represents the measured value of the acquisition unit before calibration, a and b are coefficients to be solved, and a and b are solved according to the least squares method, specifically:

[0079] set up

[0080] Then we have the system of equations:

[0081] aX1+bX2=Y1;

[0082] aX2+3b=Y2;

[0083] So we can solve:

[0084]

[0085] According to the solved coefficients a and b, the measurement value of the acquisition system is subsequently corrected to the y value after the calculation of y=ax+b, thus completing a calibration process.

[0086] It is understandable that the principle of current calibration is similar to that of voltage calibration, and will not be described in detail here.

[0087] After completing a calibration process, the deviation value is recalculated and compared with the preset threshold value. If it still does not meet the requirements, the calibration process is entered again. This cycle is repeated until the deviation values ​​of current and voltage are no greater than the preset threshold value (such as 0.01%). The calibration is completed and the self-calibration mode ends. In addition, if the calibration process is executed repeatedly for a preset number of times (such as 5 times) and the calibration is still not completed, an alarm is triggered to prompt the staff to handle it.

[0088] Through the above method, the current and voltage acquisition deviation of the electronic load 5 can be always less than 0.01%, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0089] The test system provided by the present invention can be integrated into the intelligent overall framework of photovoltaic module full-line production and testing. It can accurately identify various defects that occur in the production stage of perovskite cells. With the help of advanced algorithms and a large amount of experimental data accumulation, the types of defects that may occur in subsequent processes and their locations can be predicted in advance. Through this forward-looking defect prediction, manufacturers can adjust production strategies in time before defects occur, thereby effectively improving the overall yield rate in the production process of perovskite cells.

[0090] In summary, the multimodal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system and method provided by the present invention integrates multiple testing technologies such as IV, EL, PL, QE, etc., realizes multimodal comprehensive testing, and can analyze perovskite batteries from multiple dimensions to obtain richer and more accurate performance data. It is of great significance to promote the research and industrialization development of perovskite batteries, and solves the shortcomings of existing testing technologies.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-modal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system, characterized in that: It includes a darkroom (1), a test platform (2), an LED light source module, a CCD camera (3), a laser (4), an adjustable constant current source (5), an electronic load (6) and a host computer (7); The darkroom (1) is used to shield external ambient light and provide a dark testing environment; The test platform (2) is installed in the darkroom (1), the test platform (2) is used to place the battery to be tested (10), and the test platform (2) has a test probe for connecting to the battery to be tested (10); The LED light source module is installed in the darkroom (1) and is used to provide a test light source; The CCD camera (3) is installed in the darkroom (1) and is used to capture the optical signal generated by the battery (10) to be tested during the test process; The output lens (14) of the laser (4) is installed in the darkroom (1), and the laser (4) is used to emit a laser beam to stimulate the battery (10) to produce a specific optical response; The adjustable constant current source (5) and the electronic load (6) module are both located outside the darkroom (1) and are electrically connected to the battery to be tested (10) on the test platform (2); the adjustable constant current source (5) is used to supply current to the battery to be tested (10); and the electronic load (6) module is used to simulate different load conditions to test the electrical performance of the battery to be tested (10) under different loads; The host computer (7) is used to realize intelligent control of the test process and the processing and display of test data.

2. The multimodal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The LED light source module comprises a first LED light source (11), a second LED light source (12) and a third LED light source (13); The light emitted by the first LED light source (11) and the second LED light source (12) are homogenized by a fly-eye lens (8), and then collimated by a collimating lens (9) before being irradiated onto the test platform (2) from the front; The light emitted by the third LED light source (13) irradiates the test platform (2) from the side; The spectral range of the first LED light source (11) covers 300-1200 nm, and can simulate different light intensities and spectral distributions, so as to realize IV and QE tests of the battery to be tested (10); The second LED light source (12) and the third LED light source (13) are used together to implement light bathing and light aging testing, and the overall irradiation range of the second LED light source (12) and the third LED light source (13) is 0.5-10 times the standard light intensity.

3. The multi-modal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the CCD cameras (3) is two, and the two CCD cameras (3) are matched with different filters and are respectively used to capture light signals of different wavelength bands.

4. The multi-modal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser (4) outputs lasers with wavelengths of 450 nm and 808 nm respectively through two output lenses (14), which are used to excite the perovskite layer and the crystalline silicon layer respectively.

5. A comprehensive testing method for multimodal perovskite and laminated cells, characterized in that: The multimodal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing system according to claim 4 is adopted, and comprises the following steps: S1, placing the battery to be tested (10) on the test platform (2) and connecting relevant equipment; S2, perform an IV test; S3. Conduct a QE test; S4. Conduct an EL test; S5. Perform a PL test; S6. End the test and output the test report.

6. The multimodal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, when performing an IV test, the first LED light source (11) of the LED light source module outputs simulated sunlight, the second LED light source (12) and the third LED light source (13) do not work, and the output current under different voltages is measured by adjusting the electronic load (6) module. The host computer (7) synchronously collects data and draws a current-voltage curve based on the collected data, thereby completing the IV test.

7. The multimodal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, when performing a QE test, the host computer (7) controls the first LED light source (11) to output light of different wavelengths, and simultaneously measures the photocurrent generated by the battery to be tested (10) when irradiated with light of the corresponding wavelength, and calculates the ratio of the photocurrent to the number of incident photons to obtain the quantum efficiency at different wavelengths. After the test is completed, the first LED light source (11) is turned off.

8. The multimodal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, when performing an EL test, current is supplied to the battery to be tested (10) through an adjustable constant current source (5), and carriers in the battery recombine to generate fluorescence. The CCD camera (3) captures the fluorescence signal emitted by the battery to be tested (10), and transmits the signal to a host computer (7) for analysis to complete the EL test. After the test is completed, the adjustable constant current source (5) is disconnected.

9. The multimodal perovskite and laminated battery comprehensive testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S5, when performing a PL test, a laser beam with a specific wavelength and energy is emitted by a laser (4) to irradiate the battery to be tested (10), so that electrons in the battery to be tested (10) are stimulated to transition and photoluminescence is generated. A CCD camera (3) captures the photoluminescence signal and transmits the signal to a host computer (7) for analysis to complete the PL test. After the test is completed, the laser (4) is turned off.

10. The multimodal perovskite and tandem battery comprehensive testing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: If a long-term aging test is to be performed on the battery under test (10), then: In step S5, after the PL test is performed, the current total test number is recorded plus 1, and it is determined whether the current total test number reaches the preset value. If it reaches, the process proceeds to step S6, and if it does not reach, the process proceeds to step S5'; S5', perform light aging treatment for a preset time, and then return to step S2; In step S5', when light aging treatment is performed, the first LED light source (11) of the LED light source module does not work, the second LED light source (12) serves as the main light source, and the third LED light source (13) serves as the auxiliary light source. The treatment is completed according to the preset intensity and time of the light aging treatment. During the treatment, when the irradiance output is less than 5 times the standard light intensity, only the second LED light source (12) is turned on; when the irradiance output is not less than 5 times the standard light intensity, the second LED light source (12) and the third LED light source (13) are turned on at the same time.

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