Gypsum fireproof coating and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gypsum fireproof coatings, and discloses a gypsum fireproof coating, which comprises 80-100 parts of a powder material, 50-80 parts of an inorganic substance, 30-50 parts of an additive, 30-50 parts of a flame retardant, 60-80 parts of a thermal insulation material, and 50-60 parts of a polymer emulsion, and the main component of the powder material is gypsum powder. According to the gypsum fireproof coating and the preparation method thereof, the macromolecular emulsion is added into the gypsum fireproof coating, and the main component of the macromolecular emulsion is acrylic resin, so that the weather resistance, the water resistance and the chemical corrosion resistance of the coating are improved, the adhesive force and the mechanical property are enhanced, the fireproof performance is improved, and the flexibility and the stability are enhanced; the environment-friendly property and durability of the coating are improved, so that the stability of the fireproof coating is relatively high, and the situation that the gypsum fireproof coating is unstable in the using process, main components of the gypsum fireproof coating are volatilized, and then stable storage of the gypsum fireproof coating is influenced is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gypsum fireproof coatings, and specifically relates to a gypsum fireproof coating and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] While steel structures are widely used in the construction field, due to the fact that steel structures are extremely easy to conduct heat themselves, they will quickly lose rigidity under high temperature and cause the collapse of buildings.

[0003] The research and application of fireproof coatings have also been increasingly taken seriously by people. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out fire protection for steel structure buildings. During the fire prevention process of steel structure buildings, a layer of gypsum fireproof coating is often applied to the outer wall of the steel structure building to play a role in fire prevention and heat insulation through the action of the gypsum fireproof coating. However, after the traditional gypsum fireproof coating is produced, it often needs to be placed in a warehouse. The storage conditions of gypsum fireproof materials are relatively strict. Once the good storage conditions are not achieved, the stability of the gypsum fireproof coating will become poor, resulting in the failure of the main components inside during the storage process, thus affecting the normal use of the gypsum fireproof coating. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a gypsum fireproof coating and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problem of poor stability of gypsum.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A gypsum fireproof coating includes 80 - 100 parts of powder materials, 50 - 80 parts of inorganic substances, 30 - 50 parts of additives, 30 - 50 parts of flame retardants, 60 - 80 parts of heat insulation materials, and 50 - 60 parts of polymer emulsions. The main component of the powder materials is gypsum powder, the main components of the inorganic substances are magnesium oxide and magnesium silicate, the main component of the additives is cellulose, the main components of the flame retardants are ammonium chloride and ammonium phosphate, the main component of the heat insulation materials is vermiculite, and the main component of the polymer emulsions is acrylic resin.

[0006] Preferably, the powder materials are derived from natural gypsum ore, which is a powdery material obtained by crushing and screening natural gypsum ore.

[0007] Preferably, the magnesium oxide in the inorganic substances is obtained by treating seawater with slaked lime to obtain magnesium hydroxide precipitate, and then calcining magnesium hydroxide to obtain magnesium oxide.

[0008] Preferably, the magnesium silicate in the inorganic substances is obtained by fully mixing a magnesium source and a silicon source, and then performing high-temperature calcination to cause the raw materials to undergo a solid-phase reaction to generate magnesium silicate.

[0009] Preferably, the cellulose in the additives is derived from cotton fiber, and the vermiculite is a kind of iron- and magnesium-containing aluminosilicate mineral.

[0010] Preferably, the powder material, inorganic substance, additive, flame retardant, heat insulation material, and polymer emulsion are composed of the following components in mass fractions: 90 parts of powder material, 40 parts of inorganic substance, 40 parts of additive, 30 parts of flame retardant, 70 parts of heat insulation material, and 50 parts of polymer emulsion.

[0011] A preparation method of a gypsum fireproof coating specifically includes the following steps:

[0012] S1: Obtain natural gypsum ore, crush the natural gypsum ore to obtain gypsum powder, and screen the gypsum powder again to obtain gypsum powder with good quality;

[0013] S2: Obtain magnesium hydroxide precipitate by treating seawater with slaked lime, calcine magnesium hydroxide to obtain magnesium oxide. After fully mixing the magnesium source and silicon source, perform high-temperature calcination to cause the raw materials to undergo a solid-phase reaction to generate magnesium silicate. Mix the obtained magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, and gypsum powder, and use a gravity-free mixer to mix for 10 minutes;

[0014] S3: Add cotton fibers to the material obtained after mixing and stirring for 10 minutes in step S2, and mix and stir again for 5 minutes. After the mixing and stirring are completed, add ammonium chloride and ammonium phosphate to the mixed material multiple times and perform sufficient mixing and stirring;

[0015] S4: Put vermiculite into the mixed material obtained in step S3, and use a gravity-free mixer to mix and stir again for 10 minutes. During the mixing and stirring process, gradually add clear water to the mixed material. The ratio of the added clear water to the mixed material is 2:1.8;

[0016] S5: Pour the mixed material obtained in step S4 into a heating and stirring barrel, heat the mixed material to 60 °C, and perform mixing and stirring. During the mixing and stirring process, gradually add acrylic resin to the material to obtain the final finished material.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. For the gypsum fireproof coating and its preparation method, by adding a polymer emulsion to the gypsum fireproof coating, and the main component of the polymer emulsion is acrylic resin. The role of acrylic resin in the gypsum fireproof coating is multi-faceted, including improving the weather resistance, water resistance, chemical corrosion resistance of the coating, enhancing the adhesion and mechanical properties, improving the fireproof performance, enhancing the flexibility and stability, as well as improving the environmental protection and durability of the coating, making the fireproof coating have strong stability, thereby avoiding the unstable situation of the gypsum fireproof coating during use, resulting in the volatilization of its main components, and further affecting the stable storage of the gypsum fireproof coating.

[0019] 2. The gypsum fireproof coating and its preparation method involve obtaining gypsum powder from natural gypsum ore. This process includes finely crushing the ore to ensure that the obtained gypsum powder has appropriate particle size and quality. Since natural gypsum ore has good solubility in water, it can be more fully mixed with water, resulting in a more uniform mixture. During the subsequent stirring process, the mixture is put into a heating and stirring tank, and the material is heated. By controlling the heating temperature, the temperature of the mixture is raised to 60 degrees Celsius, enabling the subsequent added materials to mix more quickly with the gypsum powder, thus accelerating the chemical reaction process and improving the production efficiency of the gypsum mixture. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention provides a technical solution: a gypsum fireproof coating, including 80 - 100 parts of powder material, 50 - 80 parts of inorganic substance, 30 - 50 parts of additive, 30 - 50 parts of flame retardant, 60 - 80 parts of heat insulation material, and 50 - 60 parts of polymer emulsion. The main component of the powder material is gypsum powder, the main components of the inorganic substance are magnesium oxide and magnesium silicate, the main component of the additive is cellulose, the main components of the flame retardant are ammonium chloride and ammonium phosphate, the main component of the heat insulation material is vermiculite, and the main component of the polymer emulsion is acrylic resin.

[0022] By adding vermiculite to the gypsum fireproof coating, vermiculite, as a synergistic flame retardant and smoke suppressant, can effectively improve the flame retardant performance and smoke suppression performance of the fireproof coating. Experiments show that adding 5% expanded vermiculite can significantly reduce the mass loss, charred volume, and flame spread ratio of the specimen, and also greatly reduce the smoke density grade. Expanded vermiculite has good heat insulation performance, with its thermal conductivity and density greatly reduced. Therefore, using it in the fireproof coating can improve the heat insulation effect of the coating. The vermiculite layers play a role in reflecting, refracting, and absorbing sound waves, effectively absorbing the energy of sound waves and converting it into heat energy, blocking or weakening the propagation of noise in the air. The fireproof coating using vermiculite can improve the fire resistance limit of the gypsum fireproof coating.

[0023] In a preferred implementation mode: the powder material is derived from natural gypsum ore, which is a powdery material obtained by crushing and screening natural gypsum ore.

[0024] Through a meticulous grinding process of natural gypsum ore, we can obtain fine gypsum powder. Since the hardness of gypsum ore itself is relatively low, generally within the range of 2 to 2.5, this makes the grinding and processing process relatively easy. In addition, gypsum ore exhibits good solubility in water, which provides convenience for subsequent processing. When the gypsum powder made from this ore is mixed and stirred, it can be more fully mixed with water, thus obtaining a more uniform mixed material. This good mixing performance ensures that during the later mixing and stirring process, the gypsum powder can be more smoothly fused with other substances, forming a more stable and high-quality mixture.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment: Magnesium oxide in the inorganic substance is derived from obtaining magnesium hydroxide precipitation by treating seawater with slaked lime and calcining magnesium hydroxide to obtain magnesium oxide.

[0026] By adding inorganic substances, especially magnesium oxide and magnesium silicate, to the gypsum fireproof coating, we can significantly improve the fire resistance of the coating. Magnesium oxide and magnesium silicate can maintain the stability of their chemical structures in a high-temperature environment and are not easily combustible, thus effectively enhancing the fireproof performance of the gypsum fireproof coating. These inorganic substances can withstand extreme high temperatures in the face of fire and will not decompose rapidly or fall off from the outer wall of steel. Therefore, they enable the coating to adhere for a longer time during the burning of the fire, providing more durable protection for the building structure.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment: Magnesium silicate in the inorganic substance is derived from fully mixing a magnesium source and a silicon source and then performing high-temperature calcination to cause a solid-phase reaction of the raw materials to generate magnesium silicate.

[0028] By adding specific inorganic substances, especially magnesium silicate, to the gypsum fireproof coating, it can play a significant role in a high-temperature environment. When magnesium silicate encounters high temperature, it can quickly react and form a dense protective layer. This protective layer has excellent heat insulation performance and can effectively isolate the spread of flames and heat, thus delaying the speed of fire spread. In this way, the overall fireproof performance of the gypsum fireproof coating is significantly improved, and it can better protect the building. This enhanced protection effect provides valuable time for firefighters to more effectively extinguish the fire in the building. Ultimately, this not only helps to save the lives and property of the people to the greatest extent but also reduces the damage to the environment and property caused by the fire.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment: The cellulose in the additive is derived from cotton fiber, and vermiculite is a kind of aluminosilicate mineral containing iron and magnesium.

[0030] By adding cellulose to gypsum, the cellulose can improve the adhesion of gypsum, enhance the water resistance, improve the lubricity, and, as a thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, and suspending agent, improve the water resistance and strength of the gypsum material. Moreover, cellulose can effectively solve the water retention problem at high temperatures, improve the water retention of gypsum products, ensure the breathing performance of gypsum products, and at the same time improve the construction performance, being easy to spread without sticking to tools, so as to facilitate more convenient construction for construction workers. Apply gypsum fireproof coating to the outer wall of the steel structure. By combining cellulose powder with gypsum, a denser material structure can be formed, improving the water resistance and strength of gypsum, endowing it with a longer service life and weather resistance. Cellulose has good high-temperature resistance and flame retardancy, so it also acts as a fire retardant in the coating. Cellulose can increase the fire resistance of the coating, reduce the possibility of fire occurrence, and slow down the spread speed of the fire, enabling the coating to play a better protective role in case of fire.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment: the powder material, inorganic substances, additives, flame retardants, heat insulation materials, and polymer emulsions are combined with the following mass fractions of components: 90 parts of the powder material, 40 parts of inorganic substances, 40 parts of additives, 30 parts of flame retardants, 70 parts of heat insulation materials, and 50 parts of polymer emulsions.

[0032] By adding an appropriate amount of gypsum powder, as well as various components such as inorganic substances, additives, flame retardants, and heat-insulating materials, to the gypsum fireproof coating, and fully mixing and stirring these materials with water to ensure that all components are evenly distributed. Subsequently, further mixing treatment is carried out under specific temperature conditions, which can promote the chemical reaction between the materials, making the mixing more uniform, thereby improving the mixing degree and ensuring that the final fireproof coating has better fireproof performance and heat-insulating effect. Moreover, by adding acrylic resin, the acrylic resin can significantly enhance the weather resistance of the coating, enabling it to better resist the influence of adverse weather, and at the same time can also enhance the water resistance of the coating, enabling it to maintain good performance in a humid environment. In addition, the acrylic resin can also improve the chemical corrosion resistance of the coating, enabling it to still maintain its original characteristics when facing the erosion of various chemical substances. In terms of enhancing adhesion and mechanical properties, the acrylic resin also performs excellently. It can form a more firm bond between the coating and the substrate, and at the same time improve the impact resistance and bending resistance of the coating. In terms of fireproof performance, the addition of acrylic resin can further improve the flame retardant effect of the gypsum fireproof coating, enabling it to more effectively protect the substrate from damage during a fire. In addition, the acrylic resin can also enhance the flexibility and stability of the coating, making it not easy to crack and peel off under temperature changes and physical impacts. In terms of environmental protection, the use of acrylic resin makes the coating more environmentally friendly, reducing the emission of harmful substances. The improvement of durability means that the coating can still maintain its performance after long-term use and will not fail due to aging. In summary, by adding acrylic resin, the stability of the gypsum fireproof coating can be improved, so that the gypsum fireproof coating can be stored more stably.

[0033] A preparation method of a gypsum fireproof coating specifically includes the following steps:

[0034] S1: Obtain natural gypsum ore, crush the natural gypsum ore to obtain gypsum powder, and screen the gypsum powder again to obtain gypsum powder with good quality;

[0035] S2: Obtain magnesium hydroxide precipitate by treating seawater with slaked lime, burn magnesium hydroxide to obtain magnesium oxide. After fully mixing the magnesium source and the silicon source, carry out high-temperature calcination to cause the raw materials to undergo a solid-phase reaction to generate magnesium silicate. Mix the obtained magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate and gypsum powder, and use a gravity-free mixer to mix for 10 minutes;

[0036] S3: Add cotton fibers to the material obtained after mixing and stirring for 10 minutes in step S2, and mix and stir again for 5 minutes. After the mixing and stirring are completed, add ammonium chloride and ammonium phosphate to the mixed material multiple times and carry out sufficient mixing and stirring;

[0037] S4: Vermiculite is added to the mixed material obtained in step S3, and the mixture is stirred again using a zero-gravity mixer for 10 minutes. During the mixing and stirring process, clear water is gradually added to the mixed material, and the ratio of the added clear water to the mixed material is 2:1.8;

[0038] S5: The mixed material obtained in step S4 is poured into a heating and stirring barrel, and the mixed material is heated to 60 degrees Celsius and stirred. During the mixing and stirring process, acrylic resin is gradually added to the material to obtain the final finished material.

[0039] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0040] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gypsum fire retardant coating, characterized in that: It comprises 80-100 parts of powder material, 50-80 parts of inorganic substance, 30-50 parts of additive, 30-50 parts of flame retardant, 60-80 parts of thermal insulation material and 50-60 parts of polymer emulsion. The powder material mainly comprises gypsum powder, the inorganic substance mainly comprises magnesium oxide and magnesium silicate, the additive mainly comprises cellulose, the flame retardant mainly comprises ammonium chloride and ammonium phosphate, the thermal insulation material mainly comprises vermiculite and the polymer emulsion mainly comprises acrylic resin.

2. A gypsum fire retardant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder material is derived from natural gypsum ore, and is a powder material obtained by crushing and screening the natural gypsum ore.

3. A gypsum fire retardant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnesium oxide in the inorganic substance is derived from magnesium hydroxide precipitation obtained by treating seawater with slaked lime, and magnesium oxide is obtained by burning magnesium hydroxide.

4. A gypsum fire retardant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnesium silicate in the inorganic substance is obtained by fully mixing a magnesium source and a silicon source and then calcining them at high temperature to make the raw materials undergo a solid phase reaction to generate magnesium silicate.

5. The gypsum fire retardant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cellulose in the additive comes from cotton fiber, and the vermiculite is an aluminum silicate mineral containing iron and magnesium.

6. A gypsum fire retardant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder material, inorganic substance, additive, flame retardant, thermal insulation material and polymer emulsion are composed of the following components in mass fraction: 90 parts of powder material, 40 parts of inorganic substance, 40 parts of additive, 30 parts of flame retardant, 70 parts of thermal insulation material and 50 parts of polymer emulsion.

7. The method for preparing a gypsum fire retardant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: obtaining natural gypsum ore, crushing the natural gypsum ore to obtain gypsum powder, and screening the gypsum powder again to obtain gypsum powder of good quality; S2: treating seawater with slaked lime to obtain magnesium hydroxide precipitate, burning magnesium hydroxide to obtain magnesium oxide, fully mixing the magnesium source and the silicon source, calcining at high temperature to make the raw materials undergo a solid phase reaction to generate magnesium silicate, mixing the obtained magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate and gypsum powder, and mixing them for 10 minutes using a zero-gravity mixer; S3: adding cotton fiber to the material obtained after mixing and stirring for 10 minutes in step S2, and mixing and stirring for another 5 minutes, and after the mixing and stirring is completed, adding ammonium chloride and ammonium phosphate to the mixed material several times, and mixing and stirring sufficiently; S4: adding vermiculite to the mixture obtained in step S3, and mixing and stirring for 10 minutes using the zero-gravity mixer again, and gradually adding clean water to the mixture during the mixing and stirring process, the ratio of the added clean water to the mixture being 2:1.8; S5: pouring the mixed material obtained in step S4 into a heating and stirring barrel, heating the mixed material to 60 degrees Celsius, and mixing and stirring, and in the process of mixing and stirring, gradually adding acrylic resin to the material to obtain the final finished product material.