A multi-stage magnetic modulation type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-stage magnetic adjustment type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor, which relates to the field of motor technology and includes a motor housing and a rotating shaft body rotatably connected to the motor housing, including a stator structure and a rotor structure. In the present invention, the high-coercive force permanent magnets with opposite magnetization directions on the first and third stators optimize the magnetic field distribution inside the motor, making the magnetic field more uniform, reducing distortion, and improving operating efficiency. The low-coercive force permanent magnets of the second stator can be flexibly adjusted, and the magnetization and demagnetization operations have little effect on the high-coercive force permanent magnets. The interaction between the salient poles of the rotor body and the magnetic field of the stator permanent magnets generates magnetic resistance and electromagnetic torque, driving the motor to rotate. The rotor body corresponding to the first stator is offset by forty-five degrees, so that the interaction between the rotor and the stator permanent magnets at different positions is more uniform and continuous, reducing torque fluctuations. The three stators are evenly spaced along the axis of the motor housing, reducing the interference of the high-coercive force permanent magnets on the low-coercive force permanent magnets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a multi-segment magnetic modulation type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for electrification in medical devices, the requirements for the energy efficiency and speed of motors are becoming increasingly higher.

[0003] An existing Chinese patent (publication number: CN106602784B) discloses a high-speed motor structure, including a housing, a front end cover, a bearing cover, a bearing and a rotating shaft. A ventilation duct is provided between the housing surface and the accommodating cavity, and a heat sink is provided in each ventilation duct. The bearing cover includes an outer bearing cover and an inner bearing cover, and the outer bearing cover, the inner bearing cover and the bearing are sequentially sleeved from the front end to the rear end of the rotating shaft; the outer bearing cover is provided with a plurality of tightening screw holes, and the tightening screw holes are provided with tightening screws, and the tightening screws tightly press against the front end surface of the inner bearing cover.

[0004] During use, these motors are unable to adjust their speed based on the actual load. For example, when the workload of a medical device changes, the motor cannot adjust its magnetic flux in time to accommodate the new demand, resulting in inefficient operation under certain operating conditions. For example, in medical devices that require frequent starts and stops or speed adjustments, the motor's delayed magnetic flux adjustment can waste energy, further reducing energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage magnetic modulation type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-stage magnetic modulation type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor, comprising a motor housing and a rotating shaft body rotatably connected to the motor housing, including:

[0007] A stator structure and a rotor structure, wherein the stator structure includes,

[0008] A first stator, a second stator, and a third stator connected to the motor housing and distributed at equal intervals along the axis of the motor housing. The first stator and the third stator are both connected to high-coercive-force permanent magnets for stabilizing the main magnetic flux. The high-coercive-force permanent magnets on the first stator and the third stator are magnetized in opposite directions to optimize the magnetic field distribution inside the motor.

[0009] The second stator is connected with a low-coercive force permanent magnet for magnetic adjustment operation. The low-coercive force permanent magnet of the second stator and the high-coercive force permanent magnet of the third stator have the same magnetization direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotor structure includes:

[0011] The three rotor bodies correspond to the first stator, the second stator, and the third stator respectively and are located in the same plane. Each rotor body is connected to a plurality of salient poles evenly distributed along the circumference, and an air gap is provided between the rotor body and the corresponding stator. The three rotor bodies are all mounted on the shaft body, wherein,

[0012] The rotor body corresponding to the first stator is offset at an angle of forty-five degrees compared to the rotor bodies corresponding to the second and third stators.

[0013] Furthermore, the motor housing is also provided with an adjustment component for adjusting the load capacity of the shaft body, including:

[0014] The installation box is provided with a rotating cavity, a rotating disk is rotatably connected to the rotating cavity through a bearing, and a plurality of first auxiliary permanent magnet blocks, second auxiliary permanent magnet blocks and separation blocks are integrally formed on the rotating disk, wherein,

[0015] The first auxiliary permanent magnet block, the second auxiliary permanent magnet block and the separation block are staggered and distributed in a circular array, and the magnetic pole directions of the first auxiliary permanent magnet block and the second auxiliary permanent magnet block are opposite;

[0016] The shielding cover is connected to the mounting box and is used to shield the magnetic force. A plurality of mounting openings are provided on the shielding cover. The positions of the mounting openings correspond to the positions of the low-coercive force permanent magnets on the second stator, making it convenient to magnetize and demagnetize the low-coercive force permanent magnets connected to the second stator.

[0017] Furthermore, a first driving structure for driving the turntable to rotate is provided in the motor housing, including:

[0018] The driving rack is slidably connected in the motor housing, and its sliding direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the motor housing. One side of the driving rack is meshed with the first driving gear, and one side of the first driving gear is provided with a driven rack, wherein,

[0019] The sliding direction of the driven rack is opposite to that of the driving rack. The bottom of the driven rack is connected with a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the turntable.

[0020] Furthermore, a second driving structure for driving the driving rack to move vertically is provided in the motor housing, including:

[0021] The mounting shell is connected to the rotating shaft body and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft body. A reset spring is connected to one end of the mounting shell, and the other end of the reset spring is connected to a slide. The other side of the slide is connected to a driving magnetic block. An arc-shaped magnetic plate is slidably connected to the motor housing, and the top of the arc-shaped magnetic plate is connected to the bottom of the driving rack.

[0022] As the load decreases, the shaft body speed increases, and the driving magnet moves radially under the action of centrifugal force, moving away from the axis of the shaft body, so that the arc-shaped magnetic plate drives the driving rack to move vertically synchronously with the driving magnet.

[0023] Furthermore, the motor housing is also provided with a manual control structure for magnetization and demagnetization, including:

[0024] The mounting shaft is rotatably connected in the motor housing, and the first driving gear is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting shaft. The mounting shaft is connected to a fixed shell, and a first electromagnet is connected in the fixed shell. The first electromagnet is connected to a first tensioning spring, and the other end of the first tensioning spring is connected to a limit block, wherein,

[0025] When the first electromagnet is energized to generate a magnetic field, it attracts or pushes the limit block to move away from the center of the installation axis;

[0026] A second driving gear is rotatably connected in the motor housing, the second driving gear is meshed with the driven rack, the mounting shaft is rotatably connected in the second driving gear, a plurality of fixing blocks are connected in the second driving gear, and the plurality of fixing blocks are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the second driving gear, wherein:

[0027] When the limiting block moves in a direction away from the center of the installation shaft, it can be clamped between the two fixed blocks, so that the installation shaft drives the second driving gear to rotate synchronously.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a connecting shell connected to the motor housing, a second electromagnet is connected to the connecting shell, a second tensioning spring is connected to the second electromagnet, and the other end of the second tensioning spring is connected to the driven rack.

[0029] Furthermore, a damper is connected inside the mounting shell, and the other end of the damper is connected to the slide plate.

[0030] Furthermore, a first guide rod is connected to one side of the driving rack, the first guide rod is slidably connected in the motor housing, and a first sliding groove for the first guide rod to slide is provided in the motor housing.

[0031] Furthermore, a second guide rod is connected to one side of the driven rack, and the second guide rod is slidably connected in the motor housing. A second sliding groove for the second guide rod to slide is provided in the motor housing.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The high-coercivity permanent magnets on the first and third stators, magnetized in opposite directions, optimize the magnetic field distribution within the motor, making it more uniform, reducing distortion, and improving operating efficiency. The low-coercivity permanent magnets on the second stator are flexibly adjustable, and the magnetization and demagnetization operations have minimal impact on the high-coercivity permanent magnets. The interaction between the rotor's salient poles and the stator's permanent magnets' magnetic field generates reluctance and electromagnetic torque, driving the motor's rotation. The rotor body, which corresponds to the first stator, is offset by 45 degrees, ensuring more uniform and continuous interaction between the rotor and stator permanent magnets at different positions, reducing torque fluctuations and improving operational smoothness. The three stators are evenly spaced along the motor housing axis, minimizing interference from the high-coercivity permanent magnets on the low-coercivity permanent magnets, maintaining a stable operating point for the low-coercivity permanent magnets, and further enhancing the motor's adaptability and reliability under various operating conditions.

[0034] Flexible adjustment of the motor's magnetic flux is achieved by aligning the auxiliary permanent magnets on the turntable with the low-coercive force permanent magnets in the same or opposite polarity. Under heavy loads, the same polarity alignment superimposes the magnetic flux, enhancing the motor's torque output and increasing the shaft's load capacity. Under light loads, the opposite polarity alignment offsets the magnetic flux, reducing energy loss and improving motor efficiency. Through dynamic adjustment of the magnetic flux, the motor maintains high energy efficiency under varying loads. Under heavy loads, the magnetic flux is enhanced to meet high torque output requirements; under light loads, the magnetic flux is weakened, reducing iron and copper losses and extending the device's battery life. The addition of a damper mitigates the sliding plate's movement speed, avoiding speed fluctuations caused by load changes.

[0035] The mechanical lock is released by de-energizing the first electromagnet, and the turntable is driven to rotate by the second electromagnet to meet the needs of manual magnetic adjustment under special working conditions. During manual control, the second electromagnet directly drives the driven rack to move, and the rotation angle of the turntable is accurately controlled by the connecting rod to achieve alignment between the auxiliary permanent magnet block and the low-coercive force permanent magnet. The clamping design of the limit block and the fixed block ensures that the manual and automatic modes do not interfere with each other, avoiding control logic confusion caused by misoperation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the motor housing, the stator body and the rotor body in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the stator and rotor body of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 A first cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 A second cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 A third sectional view of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 A fourth cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at center A;

[0044] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure at point B.

[0045] In the figure: 1. motor housing; 21. first stator; 22. second stator; 23. third stator; 24. rotor body; 3. rotating shaft body; 41. mounting box; 42. turntable; 43. first auxiliary permanent magnet block; 44. second auxiliary permanent magnet block; 45. separator; 46. shielding cover; 51. driving rack; 52. first driving gear; 53. driven rack; 54. connecting rod; 61. mounting shell; 62. return spring; 63. slide plate; 64. driving magnet block; 65. arc-shaped magnetic plate; 71. mounting shaft; 72. fixing shell; 73. first electromagnet; 74. first tensioning spring; 75. limit block; 76. fixing block; 77. second driving gear; 81. connecting shell; 82. second electromagnet; 83. second tensioning spring; 9. first guide rod; 10. second guide rod; 11. damper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] See also Figure 1-9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-stage magnetic modulation double-pole high-speed memory motor, comprising a motor housing 1 and a rotating shaft body 3 rotatably connected to the motor housing 1, including:

[0048] A stator structure and a rotor structure, wherein the stator structure includes,

[0049] A first stator 21, a second stator 22, and a third stator 23 are connected to the motor housing 1 and are evenly spaced along the axis of the motor housing 1. High-coercivity permanent magnets are connected to the first stator 21 and the third stator 23 to stabilize the main magnetic flux. The high-coercivity permanent magnets on the first stator 21 and the third stator 23 are magnetized in opposite directions to optimize the magnetic field distribution inside the motor.

[0050] The second stator 22 is connected to a low-coercive force permanent magnet for magnetic adjustment operation. The low-coercive force permanent magnet of the second stator 22 and the high-coercive force permanent magnet of the third stator 23 have the same magnetization direction;

[0051] The rotor structure includes:

[0052] The three rotor bodies 24 correspond to the first stator 21, the second stator 22, and the third stator 23 and are located in the same plane. Each rotor body 24 is connected to a plurality of salient poles evenly distributed along the circumference, and an air gap is provided between the rotor body 24 and the corresponding stator. The three rotor bodies 24 are all mounted on the shaft body 3, wherein,

[0053] The rotor body 24 corresponding to the first stator 21 is offset by forty-five degrees compared to the rotor bodies 24 corresponding to the second stator 22 and the third stator 23 .

[0054] In practice, the high-coercivity permanent magnets on the first and third stators 21 and 23 provide a stable main magnetic flux for the motor. Because their magnetization directions are opposite, an optimized magnetic field distribution is formed within the motor. This opposite magnetization direction makes the magnetic field distribution more uniform, reduces magnetic field distortion, and improves the motor's operating efficiency.

[0055] The second stator 22 is connected to low-coercivity permanent magnets, whose main function is to achieve flexible magnetization. When the load or operating conditions of the motor change, the low-coercivity permanent magnets can be magnetized or demagnetized. Because the operating point of high-coercivity permanent magnets is relatively stable, the magnetization and demagnetization operations have little effect on them, effectively solving the problem of uneven magnetization.

[0056] The three rotor bodies 24 correspond to the first stator 21, the second stator 22, and the third stator 23, respectively, and are located in the same plane. The multiple salient poles evenly distributed along the circumference of each rotor body 24 interact with the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets on the stator. When the relative positions of the stator magnetic field and the rotor salient poles change, reluctance torque and electromagnetic torque are generated, driving the rotor body 24 to rotate about the shaft body 3.

[0057] The rotor body 24 corresponding to the first stator 21 is offset by 45 degrees from the rotor bodies 24 corresponding to the second and third stators 22 and 23. This angular offset design further optimizes the motor's magnetic field distribution and torque output characteristics. During motor operation, there is a time difference between the interaction between the rotor body 24 at different positions and the stator permanent magnets. The angular offset makes this interaction more uniform and continuous, reducing torque fluctuations and improving the motor's operating smoothness.

[0058] The first stator 21, second stator 22, and third stator 23 are evenly spaced along the axis of the motor housing 1, effectively reducing the impact of high-coercivity permanent magnets on low-coercivity permanent magnets. Because the stator segments are relatively independent, the magnetic field generated by the high-coercivity permanent magnets has minimal interference with the low-coercivity permanent magnets, effectively maintaining the stable operating point of the low-coercivity permanent magnets under different operating conditions.

[0059] See Figure 7 The motor housing 1 is also provided with an adjustment component for adjusting the load capacity of the shaft body 3, including:

[0060] The mounting box 41 is provided with a rotating cavity, in which a turntable 42 is rotatably connected via a bearing. The turntable 42 is integrally formed with a plurality of first auxiliary permanent magnet blocks 43, second auxiliary permanent magnet blocks 44 and separator blocks 45, wherein:

[0061] The first auxiliary permanent magnet block 43, the second auxiliary permanent magnet block 44 and the separation block 45 are staggered and distributed in a circular array. The magnetic pole directions of the first auxiliary permanent magnet block 43 and the second auxiliary permanent magnet block 44 are opposite.

[0062] The shielding cover 46 is connected to the mounting box 41 and is used to shield the magnetic force. A plurality of mounting openings are provided on the shielding cover. The positions of the mounting openings correspond to the positions of the low-coercive force permanent magnets on the second stator 22, making it convenient to magnetize and demagnetize the low-coercive force permanent magnets connected to the second stator 22.

[0063] In specific implementations, when the motor is under heavy load, a greater torque output is required. This requires the motor's magnetic flux to be enhanced, driving the turntable 42 to rotate so that the first auxiliary permanent magnet block 43 or the second auxiliary permanent magnet block 44, depending on the specific design and initial state, aligns with the same polarity as the low-coercive-force permanent magnet on the second stator 22. For example, if the low-coercive-force permanent magnet has its north pole facing upward, the auxiliary permanent magnet block with its north pole facing upward is rotated to a position opposite it. During this process, due to the superposition of magnetic fields of the same polarity, the magnetic fields of the auxiliary permanent magnet block and the low-coercive-force permanent magnet reinforce each other, thereby increasing the total magnetic flux within the motor. More magnetic flux means a greater induced electromotive force and electromagnetic torque can be generated in the rotor winding. Therefore, this operation increases the load capacity of the shaft body 3, enabling the motor to better cope with heavy load conditions.

[0064] Similarly, when the motor is in a light-load condition, in order to improve the operating efficiency of the motor and reduce unnecessary energy loss, the magnetic flux of the motor needs to be reduced. Similarly, the turntable 42 is driven to rotate by an external control mechanism, so that the first auxiliary permanent magnet block 43 or the second auxiliary permanent magnet block 44 is aligned with the low-coercive force permanent magnet on the second stator 22. In this process, the magnetic fields of opposite polarity cancel each other out, and the magnetic field of the auxiliary permanent magnet block partially or completely cancels out the magnetic field of the low-coercive force permanent magnet, thereby reducing the total magnetic flux inside the motor. Smaller magnetic flux can reduce the iron loss and copper loss of the motor, improve the operating efficiency of the motor under light-load conditions, and also reduce the load on the shaft body 3;

[0065] The shielding cover 46 is connected to the mounting box 41. Multiple mounting openings on the shielding cover correspond to the locations of the low-coercivity permanent magnets on the second stator 22. Made of a material with excellent magnetic shielding properties, the shielding cover 46 shields the stray magnetic fields generated by the first and second auxiliary permanent magnet blocks 43 and 44, preventing these fields from interfering with other motor components. Furthermore, the design of the mounting openings facilitates magnetization and demagnetization of the low-coercivity permanent magnets on the second stator 22, ensuring a smooth adjustment process.

[0066] See Figure 6 and Figure 8 In order to facilitate the automatic adjustment of the motor, a second driving structure for driving the driving rack 51 to move vertically is provided in the motor housing 1, including:

[0067] The mounting shell 61 is connected to the shaft body 3 and rotates synchronously with the shaft body 3. One end of the mounting shell 61 is connected to a return spring 62, and the other end of the return spring 62 is connected to a slide 63. The other side of the slide 63 is connected to a driving magnetic block 64. An arc-shaped magnetic plate 65 is slidably connected to the motor housing 1. The top of the arc-shaped magnetic plate 65 is connected to the bottom of the driving rack 51.

[0068] As the load decreases, the rotation speed of the shaft body 3 increases, and the driving magnet 64 moves radially under the action of centrifugal force, moving in a direction away from the axis of the shaft body 3, so that the arc-shaped magnetic plate 65 drives the driving rack 51 to move vertically synchronously with the driving magnet 64;

[0069] The motor housing 1 is also provided with a first driving structure for driving the turntable 42 to rotate, including:

[0070] The driving rack 51 is slidably connected in the motor housing 1, and its sliding direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the motor housing 1. One side of the driving rack 51 is meshed with the first driving gear 52, and one side of the first driving gear 52 is provided with a driven rack 53, wherein,

[0071] The sliding direction of the driven rack 53 is opposite to that of the driving rack 51 . A connecting rod 54 is connected to the bottom of the driven rack 53 , and the other end of the connecting rod 54 is rotatably connected to the turntable 42 .

[0072] In practice, the mounting housing 61 is connected to the shaft body 3 and rotates synchronously with the shaft body 3. When the motor load decreases, the speed of the shaft body 3 increases according to the motor's operating characteristics. At this time, the driving magnet 64 in the mounting housing 61 is affected by centrifugal force, and the increase in speed increases the centrifugal force.

[0073] Under the action of centrifugal force, the driving magnet 64 overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 62 and moves radially away from the axis of the shaft body 3. The return spring 62 acts as a buffer and reset. When the speed decreases and the centrifugal force decreases, the return spring 62 will pull the driving magnet 64 back to its initial position.

[0074] The curved magnetic plate 65 in the motor housing 1 interacts with the driving magnetic block 64. The radial movement of the driving magnetic block 64 drives the curved magnetic plate 65 to move. Because the top of the curved magnetic plate 65 is connected to the bottom of the driving rack 51, the curved magnetic plate 65 drives the driving rack 51 to move vertically in sync with the driving magnetic block 64.

[0075] When the driving rack 51 moves vertically, it interacts with the first driving gear 52, which is meshed with it on one side. The rotation of the first driving gear 52 causes the driven rack 53 to slide, and the sliding direction of the driven rack 53 is opposite to that of the driving rack 51. The bottom of the driven rack 53 is connected to a connecting rod 54, and the other end of the connecting rod 54 is rotatably connected to the turntable 42. When the driven rack 53 slides, the linear motion of the driven rack 53 is converted into rotation of the turntable 42 through the transmission of the connecting rod 54.

[0076] During this process, when the motor is in a light-load state and the speed increases, the drive magnet 64 in the second drive structure moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, driving the arc-shaped magnetic plate 65 and the drive rack 51 to move vertically. The first drive structure converts the movement of the drive rack 51 into the rotation of the turntable 42, so that the auxiliary permanent magnet blocks on the turntable 42 and the low-coercive force permanent magnets on the second stator 22 are aligned with each other in polarity, offsetting the magnetic flux, reducing the motor's torque output, reducing energy loss, and improving the motor's efficiency under light-load conditions. Correspondingly, when the motor load increases, the speed decreases, and the centrifugal force decreases, the return spring 62 pulls the drive magnet 64 back to its initial position, driving the rack 51 to move in the opposite direction. The first drive structure comes into play again, causing the turntable 42 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the auxiliary permanent magnet blocks are aligned with the low-coercive force permanent magnets in the same polarity, superimposing the magnetic flux and increasing the motor's torque output to meet the requirements of heavy-load conditions.

[0077] refer to Figure 9In order to facilitate manual adjustment of the speed, the motor housing 1 is also provided with a manual control structure for magnetization and demagnetization, including:

[0078] The mounting shaft 71 is rotatably connected to the motor housing 1, and the first driving gear 52 is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting shaft 71. The mounting shaft 71 is connected to a fixed shell 72, and a first electromagnet 73 is connected to the fixed shell 72. The first electromagnet 73 is connected to a first tensioning spring 74, and the other end of the first tensioning spring 74 is connected to a limit block 75, wherein,

[0079] When the first electromagnet 73 is energized to generate a magnetic field, it attracts or pushes the limit block 75 to move away from the center of the mounting shaft 71;

[0080] A second drive gear 77 is rotatably connected in the motor housing 1, and the second drive gear 77 is meshed with the driven rack 53. The mounting shaft 71 is rotatably connected in the second drive gear 77. A plurality of fixing blocks 76 are connected in the second drive gear 77. The plurality of fixing blocks 76 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the second drive gear 77.

[0081] When the limiting block 75 moves away from the center of the mounting shaft 71, it can be engaged between the two fixing blocks 76, so that the mounting shaft 71 drives the second driving gear 77 to rotate synchronously;

[0082] The motor further includes a connecting shell 81 connected to the motor housing 1 , a second electromagnet 82 is connected to the connecting shell 81 , a second tensioning spring 83 is connected to the second electromagnet 82 , and the other end of the second tensioning spring 83 is connected to the driven rack 53 .

[0083] It should be noted that a power supply unit is provided in the motor housing 1 for supplying power to the first electromagnet 73 and the second electromagnet 82 .

[0084] In practice, when manual control is required, an external control signal de-energizes the first electromagnet 73. At this point, the first electromagnet 73 loses its magnetic field, and the elastic force of the first tensioning spring 74 drives the limit block 75 toward the center of the mounting shaft 71, disengaging from the fixing block 76 of the second drive gear 77. After the limit block 75 separates from the fixing block 76, the mechanical lock between the mounting shaft 71 and the second drive gear 77 is released, and the second drive gear 77 is no longer driven by the mounting shaft 71, disengaging the automatic speed adjustment mechanism.

[0085] The second electromagnet 82 is energized to generate a magnetic field, which attracts or pushes the driven rack 53 to overcome the elastic force of the second tensioning spring 83 and slide in a specific direction. When the driven rack 53 slides, the turntable 42 is driven to rotate through the connecting rod 54. For example, if the driven rack 53 moves to the left, the connecting rod 54 rotates the turntable 42 clockwise, so that the first auxiliary permanent magnet block 43 or the second auxiliary permanent magnet block 44 is aligned with the low coercive force permanent magnet of the second stator 22.

[0086] See Figure 9 The damper 11 is connected to the mounting shell 61 , and the other end of the damper 11 is connected to the slide plate 63 .

[0087] In practice, when external factors increase the motor load and reduce the rotor speed, the centrifugal force on the drive magnet 64, which is mounted on the shaft body 3 and rotates synchronously with it, decreases. The drive magnet 64 is connected to the return spring 62 via the slide 63. As the centrifugal force decreases, the return spring 62 begins to contract, pulling the slide 63 toward the axis of the shaft body 3.

[0088] At this time, the damper 11 connected to the slide 63 hinders the rapid movement of the slide 63;

[0089] When the rotor speed returns to normal, the centrifugal force increases, and the return spring 62 no longer contracts. However, due to the presence of the damper 11, the slide 63 does not rapidly move outward back to its original position due to the sudden increase in centrifugal force. The viscous resistance of the damper 11 keeps the slide 63 in a relatively stable position for a period of time, thereby ensuring that the drive magnet 64, curved magnetic plate 65, drive rack 51, and turntable 42 and other related components maintain their current state for a certain period of time.

[0090] During this period, the auxiliary permanent magnet blocks continuously magnetize the low-coercive-force permanent magnets, maintaining a strong magnetic force and ensuring that the rotor speed remains stable at a normal level. Over time, the damping effect within the damper 11 gradually weakens, and the slide 63, under the action of centrifugal force, slowly moves away from the axis of the rotating shaft body 3, gradually returning to its normal position. However, during this process, due to the buffering effect of the damper 11, the changes in the entire system are relatively gradual, and the rotor speed will not drop again due to a sudden weakening of the magnetic force of the low-coercive-force permanent magnets. This effectively avoids speed fluctuations and improves the stability of the motor operation.

[0091] refer to Figure 6 , one side of the driving rack 51 is connected to a first guide rod 9, the first guide rod 9 is slidably connected to the motor housing 1, and a first sliding groove for the first guide rod 9 to slide is opened in the motor housing 1;

[0092] A second guide rod 10 is connected to one side of the driven rack 53. The second guide rod 10 is slidably connected to the motor housing 1. A second sliding groove for the second guide rod 10 to slide is provided in the motor housing 1.

[0093] In a specific implementation, the first guide rod 9 and the second guide rod 10 respectively provide a guiding effect for the sliding of the driving rack 51 and the driven rack 53, thereby improving the sliding stability of the driving rack 51 and the driven rack 53.

[0094] Working Principle: The high-coercivity permanent magnets on the first and third stators 21 and 23 provide a stable main magnetic flux for the motor. Because their magnetization directions are opposite, an optimized magnetic field distribution is formed within the motor. This opposite magnetization direction makes the magnetic field distribution more uniform, reduces magnetic field distortion, and improves the motor's operating efficiency.

[0095] The second stator 22 is connected to low-coercivity permanent magnets, whose main function is to achieve flexible magnetization. When the load or operating conditions of the motor change, the low-coercivity permanent magnets can be magnetized or demagnetized. Because the operating point of high-coercivity permanent magnets is relatively stable, the magnetization and demagnetization operations have little effect on them, effectively solving the problem of uneven magnetization.

[0096] The three rotor bodies 24 correspond to the first stator 21, the second stator 22, and the third stator 23, respectively, and are located in the same plane. The multiple salient poles evenly distributed along the circumference of each rotor body 24 interact with the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets on the stator. When the relative positions of the stator magnetic field and the rotor salient poles change, reluctance torque and electromagnetic torque are generated, driving the rotor body 24 to rotate about the shaft body 3.

[0097] The rotor body 24 corresponding to the first stator 21 is offset by 45 degrees from the rotor bodies 24 corresponding to the second and third stators 22 and 23. This angular offset design further optimizes the motor's magnetic field distribution and torque output characteristics. During motor operation, there is a time difference between the interaction between the rotor body 24 at different positions and the stator permanent magnets. The angular offset makes this interaction more uniform and continuous, reducing torque fluctuations and improving the motor's operating smoothness.

[0098] The first stator 21, second stator 22, and third stator 23 are evenly spaced along the axis of the motor housing 1, effectively reducing the impact of high-coercivity permanent magnets on low-coercivity permanent magnets. Because each stator segment is relatively independent, the magnetic field generated by the high-coercivity permanent magnets has little interference with the low-coercivity permanent magnets, effectively maintaining the stability of the low-coercivity permanent magnets' operating points under different operating conditions.

[0099] When the motor is under heavy load, a greater torque output is required. This requires the motor's magnetic flux to be enhanced, driving the turntable 42 to rotate so that the first auxiliary permanent magnet block 43 or the second auxiliary permanent magnet block 44, depending on the specific design and initial state, aligns with the same polarity as the low-coercive-force permanent magnet on the second stator 22. For example, if the low-coercive-force permanent magnet has its north pole facing upward, the auxiliary permanent magnet block with its north pole facing upward is rotated to a position opposite it. During this process, due to the superposition of magnetic fields of the same polarity, the magnetic fields of the auxiliary permanent magnet block and the low-coercive-force permanent magnet reinforce each other, thereby increasing the total magnetic flux within the motor. More magnetic flux means a greater induced electromotive force and electromagnetic torque can be generated in the rotor winding. Therefore, this operation increases the load capacity of the shaft body 3, enabling the motor to better cope with heavy load conditions.

[0100] Similarly, when the motor is in a light-load condition, in order to improve the operating efficiency of the motor and reduce unnecessary energy loss, the magnetic flux of the motor needs to be reduced. Similarly, the turntable 42 is driven to rotate by an external control mechanism, so that the first auxiliary permanent magnet block 43 or the second auxiliary permanent magnet block 44 is aligned with the low-coercive force permanent magnet on the second stator 22. In this process, the magnetic fields of opposite polarity cancel each other out, and the magnetic field of the auxiliary permanent magnet block partially or completely cancels out the magnetic field of the low-coercive force permanent magnet, thereby reducing the total magnetic flux inside the motor. Smaller magnetic flux can reduce the iron loss and copper loss of the motor, improve the operating efficiency of the motor under light-load conditions, and also reduce the load on the shaft body 3;

[0101] The shielding cover 46 is connected to the mounting box 41. Multiple mounting openings are positioned corresponding to the locations of the low-coercivity permanent magnets on the second stator 22. Made of a material with excellent magnetic shielding properties, the shielding cover 46 shields the stray magnetic fields generated by the first and second auxiliary permanent magnet blocks 43 and 44, preventing these fields from interfering with other motor components. Furthermore, the mounting openings facilitate magnetization and demagnetization of the low-coercivity permanent magnets on the second stator 22, ensuring smooth adjustment.

[0102] When manual control is required, an external control signal de-energizes the first electromagnet 73. At this point, the first electromagnet 73 loses its magnetic field, and the elastic force of the first tensioning spring 74 drives the limit block 75 toward the center of the mounting shaft 71, disengaging from the fixing block 76 of the second drive gear 77. After the limit block 75 separates from the fixing block 76, the mechanical lock between the mounting shaft 71 and the second drive gear 77 is released, and the second drive gear 77 is no longer driven by the mounting shaft 71, and the automatic speed adjustment mechanism is disabled.

[0103] The second electromagnet 82 is energized to generate a magnetic field, which attracts or pushes the driven rack 53 to overcome the elastic force of the second tensioning spring 83 and slide in a specific direction. When the driven rack 53 slides, the turntable 42 is driven to rotate through the connecting rod 54. For example, if the driven rack 53 moves to the left, the connecting rod 54 rotates the turntable 42 clockwise, so that the first auxiliary permanent magnet block 43 or the second auxiliary permanent magnet block 44 is aligned with the low coercive force permanent magnet of the second stator 22.

Claims

1. A multi-stage magnetic modulation type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor, comprising a motor housing (1) and a rotating shaft body (3) rotatably connected to the motor housing (1), characterized in that: include, A stator structure and a rotor structure, wherein the stator structure includes, A first stator (21), a second stator (22), and a third stator (23) are connected to the motor housing (1) and are distributed at equal intervals along the axis of the motor housing (1); the first stator (21) and the third stator (23) are both connected to high-coercive force permanent magnets for stabilizing the main magnetic flux; and the high-coercive force permanent magnets on the first stator (21) and the third stator (23) are magnetized in opposite directions to optimize the magnetic field distribution inside the motor; A low-coercive force permanent magnet is connected to the second stator (22) for magnetic adjustment operation, and the low-coercive force permanent magnet of the second stator (22) and the high-coercive force permanent magnet of the third stator (23) have the same magnetization direction; The motor housing (1) is further provided with an adjustment component for adjusting the load capacity of the adjustment shaft body (3), including: The mounting box (41) is provided with a rotating cavity therein, wherein a rotating disk (42) is rotatably connected to the rotating cavity via a bearing, and a plurality of first auxiliary permanent magnet blocks (43), second auxiliary permanent magnet blocks (44) and separation blocks (45) are integrally formed on the rotating disk (42), wherein: The first auxiliary permanent magnet block (43), the second auxiliary permanent magnet block (44) and the separation block (45) are staggered and distributed in a circular array, and the magnetic pole directions of the first auxiliary permanent magnet block (43) and the second auxiliary permanent magnet block (44) are opposite; A shielding cover (46) is connected to the mounting box (41) and is used to shield magnetic force. A plurality of mounting openings are provided on the shielding cover. The positions of the mounting openings correspond to the positions of the low-coercive force permanent magnets on the second stator (22), so as to facilitate magnetization and demagnetization of the low-coercive force permanent magnets connected to the second stator (22); The motor housing (1) is further provided with a first driving structure for driving the turntable (42) to rotate, comprising: A driving rack (51) is slidably connected in the motor housing (1), and its sliding direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the motor housing (1). One side of the driving rack (51) is meshedly connected with a first driving gear (52), and one side of the first driving gear (52) is provided with a driven rack (53), wherein: The sliding direction of the driven rack (53) is opposite to that of the driving rack (51), and the bottom of the driven rack (53) is connected to a connecting rod (54), and the other end of the connecting rod (54) is rotatably connected to the turntable (42); A second driving structure for driving the driving rack (51) to move vertically is provided in the motor housing (1), comprising: The mounting shell (61) is connected to the rotating shaft body (3) and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft body (3). One end of the mounting shell (61) is connected to a return spring (62), the other end of the return spring (62) is connected to a slide plate (63), the other side of the slide plate (63) is connected to a driving magnetic block (64), and an arc-shaped magnetic plate (65) is slidably connected to the motor housing (1), and the top of the arc-shaped magnetic plate (65) is connected to the bottom of the driving rack (51), wherein, When the load decreases, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft body (3) increases, and the driving magnetic block (64) moves radially due to the centrifugal force, moving in a direction away from the axis of the rotating shaft body (3), so that the arc-shaped magnetic plate (65) drives the driving rack (51) to move vertically synchronously with the driving magnetic block (64); The motor housing (1) is also provided with a manual control structure for magnetization and demagnetization, including: The mounting shaft (71) is rotatably connected in the motor housing (1), and the first driving gear (52) is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting shaft (71), the mounting shaft (71) is connected to a fixed shell (72), the fixed shell (72) is connected to a first electromagnet (73), the first electromagnet (73) is connected to a first tensioning spring (74), and the other end of the first tensioning spring (74) is connected to a limit block (75), wherein: When the first electromagnet (73) is energized to generate a magnetic field, it attracts or pushes the limit block (75) to move in a direction away from the center of the mounting shaft (71); A second drive gear (77) is rotatably connected in the motor housing (1), the second drive gear (77) is meshed with the driven rack (53), the mounting shaft (71) is rotatably connected in the second drive gear (77), a plurality of fixed blocks (76) are connected in the second drive gear (77), and the plurality of fixed blocks (76) are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the second drive gear (77), wherein: When the limiting block (75) moves in a direction away from the center of the mounting shaft (71), it can be clamped between the two fixing blocks (76), so that the mounting shaft (71) drives the second driving gear (77) to rotate synchronously.

2. The multi-stage magnetic modulation type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor structure includes: The three rotor bodies (24) are respectively located correspondingly to the first stator (21), the second stator (22), and the third stator (23) and are located in the same plane. Each rotor body (24) is connected to a plurality of salient poles evenly distributed along the circumference, and an air gap is provided between the rotor body (24) and the corresponding stator. The three rotor bodies (24) are all mounted on the rotating shaft body (3), wherein: The rotor body (24) corresponding to the first stator (21) is offset at an angle of forty-five degrees compared to the rotor bodies (24) corresponding to the second stator (22) and the third stator (23).

3. The multi-stage magnetic modulation type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting shell (81) connected to the motor housing (1), a second electromagnet (82) connected to the connecting shell (81), a second tensioning spring (83) connected to the second electromagnet (82), and the other end of the second tensioning spring (83) connected to the driven rack (53).

4. The multi-stage magnetic modulation type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A damper (11) is connected inside the mounting shell (61), and the other end of the damper (11) is connected to the slide plate (63).

5. The multi-stage magnetic modulation type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first guide rod (9) is connected to one side of the driving rack (51), and the first guide rod (9) is slidably connected in the motor housing (1). A first sliding groove for the first guide rod (9) to slide is provided in the motor housing (1).

6. The multi-stage magnetic modulation type double-salient pole high-speed memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second guide rod (10) is connected to one side of the driven rack (53), and the second guide rod (10) is slidably connected in the motor housing (1). A second sliding groove for the second guide rod (10) to slide is provided in the motor housing (1).

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