Device for searching and rescuing buried persons

Abstract

The buried person search and rescue device comprises a portable drilling machine, the portable drilling machine is provided with a plurality of hollow drill rod sleeves, a gas conveying channel used for conveying gas to the ground is arranged in a drill rod, and a gas outlet of the gas conveying channel is connected with a sampling gas inlet of a gas component analysis device through a gas conveying pipe. A gas purifying and filtering device and a gas extracting pump for extracting gas are connected to the gas conveying pipe in series; a plurality of air inlets communicated with the air conveying channel are formed in the side wall of each drill rod sleeve in a surrounding mode, a jet flow nozzle is arranged at each air inlet in the drill rod sleeve, each jet flow nozzle is installed at an outlet of an injection pipe, each injection pipe is connected with an electromagnetic valve in series, and an inlet of each injection pipe is connected with the jet flow pipe. The invention aims to provide the device for searching and rescuing the buried persons, which can remarkably improve the search and rescue efficiency and effect in a complex geological disaster scene, and further realize the rapid search and rescue of the trapped and buried persons in earthquake, landslide and debris flow disasters and the search and rescue of the remains of the victims.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for searching and rescuing buried persons. Background Art

[0002] After various geological disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, and mudslides cause buildings to collapse or be buried, there will be the problem of how to quickly search and rescue trapped people and find the bodies of the victims. In the existing technology, life detection equipment based on electromagnetic wave search and rescue technology has many defects. On the one hand, its detection depth is usually limited, and it is difficult to meet the detection needs of deeper buried targets under complex geological conditions. On the other hand, due to the complex components of the buried objects at the disaster site, the buried objects will contain various metals, liquids, etc. The interference factors brought by such objects will seriously affect the accurate identification of the search and rescue targets by electromagnetic wave search and rescue equipment, resulting in frequent false alarms and missed alarms, which will lead to the inability to rescue trapped people in time. Although traditional search and rescue dogs have certain advantages in recognition accuracy, good adaptability to complex buried objects, and can track specific odors with their keen sense of smell, search and rescue dogs are restricted by their own physiological and psychological factors, such as fatigue, injury, emotional fluctuations, and experience differences, and cannot work continuously for a long time, which greatly limits the efficiency and effect of search and rescue. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient and reliable device and method for quickly searching and rescuing trapped and buried personnel, as well as finding the bodies of victims in various geological disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, and mud-rock flows.

[0003] In a complex medium buried environment, the vital signs of trapped persons are weak, there are many interference factors, and it is difficult to identify effective characteristic signals; the concentration of human characteristic odor in the buried space is low, the drift is strong, and there are many environmental interference factors, making it difficult to accurately detect trace target gases; conventional search and rescue equipment has poor adaptability in narrow spaces, difficulties in intelligent search positioning and path planning, limited types of life characteristic information collection, complex buried medium structure, large operation vibration source disturbance, sensitive and variable rescue channels, difficult reliability evaluation, redundant disaster site search and rescue monitoring data, and complex interactive and coordinated evolution of multi-source heterogeneous data, which restricts the rapid response capability of emergency rescue. The present invention aims at the great demand for rapid and accurate search and rescue of buried personnel in complex media, realizes rapid and accurate search and safe rescue of buried personnel, and is of great significance to saving the lives of buried personnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for searching and rescuing buried persons or the remains of victims by accurately capturing and analyzing characteristic gases emitted by buried persons or the remains of victims, thereby achieving rapid, accurate, continuous and stable search and rescue operations, significantly improving the search and rescue efficiency and effects in complex geological disaster scenarios, and further realizing a device for searching and rescuing buried persons for rapid search and rescue of trapped and buried persons in earthquakes, landslides and mud-rock flow disasters, as well as finding the remains of victims.

[0005] The device for searching and rescuing buried persons of the present invention includes a portable drill rig. The portable drill rig has a plurality of hollow drill pipe sleeves. An air delivery channel for delivering gas to the ground is provided inside the drill pipe. The air outlet of the air delivery channel is connected to the sampling air inlet of a gas composition analysis device through an air delivery pipe. A gas purification and filtration device and an air extraction pump for extracting gas are connected in series on the air delivery pipe.

[0006] A plurality of air inlets communicating with the air delivery channel are circumferentially provided on the side wall of each drill pipe sleeve. A jet nozzle is respectively provided at each air inlet located inside the drill pipe sleeve. Each jet nozzle is installed at the outlet of a jet pipe. An electromagnetic valve is connected in series on each jet pipe. The inlet of each jet pipe is respectively connected to a jet pipe. A high-pressure water pump is connected in series on the jet pipe. The water inlet of the jet pipe is connected to the water outlet of a water container. An electric water shut-off valve is provided at the water outlet of the water container.

[0007] The pipe section of the jet pipe located above the ground is respectively connected to the water outlet of a jet liquid storage tank through a plurality of jet liquid delivery water pipes connected in series with electric shut-off valves. The jet liquid stored in each jet liquid storage tank contains a tracer reagent.

[0008] Preferably, the gas composition analysis device is used to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide gas, the concentration of volatile fatty acids, the concentration of amino acids, the concentration of lactic acid, the concentration of cadaverine, the concentration of putrescine, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, and the concentration of methane in the gas. The gas composition analysis device is used to measure whether the tracer reagent exists in the gas.

[0009] Preferably, the jet pipe is made of a flexible pipe. The cross-section of the drill pipe sleeve is polygonal. A group of air inlets of the air delivery channel, with 2 to 8 air inlets in each group, are circumferentially provided on the side wall of each drill pipe sleeve at an interval distance of 0.5 meter to 1 meter. The air extraction pump is a variable pump with adjustable air extraction flow rate.

[0010] Preferably, the gas composition analysis device is a plurality of gas chromatographs. The air delivery pipes are respectively connected to the sampling air inlets of the gas chromatographs.

[0011] Preferably, the tracer reagent is ethanol and / or ammonia water and / or methanol and / or acetic acid and / or formic acid and / or acetaldehyde and / or formaldehyde.

[0012] Compared with the existing technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. Deep detection advantage: The present invention can achieve effective detection at a depth within 30 meters, far exceeding traditional electromagnetic wave life detection equipment, greatly expanding the search and rescue range, and thus realizing effective detection and rescue of trapped persons in deep areas, greatly improving the success rate of searching and rescuing trapped persons.

[0014] 2. Anti-interference and precise recognition: The present invention abandons the electromagnetic wave detection technology that is vulnerable to interference. Based on gas sensing technology, it precisely focuses on the identification of human characteristic gases, is fearless of the interference of metals and liquids in the buried objects, effectively reduces misjudgment, and ensures the accurate positioning of the search and rescue targets.

[0015] 3. Continuous operation ability: The system supports 24-hour uninterrupted multi-point synchronous operation, overcomes the drawback of the limited operation time of search and rescue dogs, and can continuously and stably operate within the golden rescue time after a disaster, racing against time to save lives.

[0016] 4. High adaptability and mobility: By assembling with a quadruped robot, it has super terrain adaptability. Whether it is a steep hillside, a narrow gap in the ruins, or a muddy and collapsed area, it can quickly reach and conduct detection, and can be quickly deployed to various complex geological disaster rescue scenarios to meet the needs of diverse search and rescue tasks.

[0017] 5. The search and rescue device for buried persons of the present invention realizes fast, accurate and continuous stable search and rescue operations by precisely capturing and analyzing the characteristic gases emitted by buried persons or the remains of the deceased, significantly improves the search and rescue efficiency and effect in complex geological disaster scenarios, and thus realizes quickly searching for trapped and buried persons and finding the remains of the deceased in earthquakes, landslides and debris flow disasters.

[0018] The following further elaborates on the specific implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the search and rescue device for buried persons of the present invention. Specific Embodiment

[0020] The search and rescue device for buried persons of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, includes a portable drill. The portable drill has a plurality of hollow drill rod sleeves 1. The plurality of drill rod sleeves 1 are connected end to end in series to form a drill rod. A drill bit 2 is installed at the bottom end of the lowermost drill rod sleeve 1. An air delivery channel 3 for delivering gas to the ground is provided in the drill rod. The air outlet of the air delivery channel 3 is connected to the sampling air inlet of a gas composition analysis device (not shown in the figure) through an air delivery pipe 4. A gas purification and filtration device 5 for removing dust in the gas and an air extraction pump 6 for extracting gas are connected in series on the air delivery pipe 4. A pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) is provided on the air delivery pipe 4;

[0021] On the side wall of each drill pipe sleeve 1, a plurality of air inlets 7 communicating with the air delivery channel 3 are arranged in a circumferential manner. At each air inlet located inside the drill pipe sleeve 1, a jet nozzle 8 for opening the air inlet 7 is respectively provided. Each jet nozzle 8 is installed at the outlet of a jet pipe 9. An electromagnetic valve 13 is respectively connected in series on each jet pipe 9. The inlet of each jet pipe 9 is respectively connected to an outlet of a jet pipe 10. After the jet pipe 10 is connected in series through a quick connector (not shown in the figure) at the connection of two adjacent drill pipe sleeves 1, it extends upward along the inner holes of a plurality of drill pipe sleeves 1 to above the ground. A high-pressure water pump 11 is connected in series on the pipe section of the jet pipe 10 located above the ground. The water inlet of the jet pipe 10 is connected to the water outlet of a water container 16. An electric water outlet shut-off valve 17 is provided at the water outlet of the water container 16;

[0022] The pipe section of the jet pipe 10 located above the ground is respectively connected to the water outlet of a jet liquid storage tank 12 through a plurality of jet liquid delivery water pipes 15 connected in series with electric shut-off valves 14. The jet liquid stored in each jet liquid storage tank 12 contains a tracer reagent with a certain specific chemical composition.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above gas composition analysis device is used to measure the concentrations of carbon dioxide gas, volatile fatty acids, amino acids, lactic acid, cadaverine, putrescine, hydrogen sulfide, and methane in the gas, and the gas composition analysis device is used to measure whether the tracer reagent exists in the gas.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above jet pipe 10 is made of a flexible hose. The cross-section of the drill pipe sleeve 1 is polygonal. On the side wall of each drill pipe sleeve 1, a group of air inlets 7 of the air delivery channel 3 are arranged at intervals of 0.5 meter to 1 meter, and 2 to 8 air inlets 7 are respectively arranged in a circumferential manner around the side wall of each drill pipe sleeve 1. The air extraction pump 6 is a variable pump with adjustable air extraction flow rate.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above gas composition analysis device is a plurality of gas chromatographs, and the gas delivery pipes 4 are respectively connected to the sampling air inlets of the gas chromatographs.

[0026] The gas chromatograph can quickly analyze the composition of the gas. Inject the gas into the gas chromatograph, and a chromatogram can be displayed on the computer. The peak area represents the concentration, and the peak position represents different compounds. The gas injection volume is only 1 ml, and the analysis time is 0.5 second to several seconds.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, the above tracer reagent is ethanol and / or ammonia water and / or methanol and / or acetic acid and / or formic acid and / or acetaldehyde and / or formaldehyde.

[0028] The usage method of the device for searching and rescuing buried persons of the present invention is as follows:

[0029] A. Determine the position points at which drilling operations can be safely carried out at the geological disaster rescue site;

[0030] B. Set up the portable drill and the gas composition analysis device. Use the gas composition analysis device to measure the concentrations of carbon dioxide gas, volatile fatty acids, amino acids, lactic acid, cadaverine, putrescine, hydrogen sulfide, and methane in the air near the drill hole, and record these basic data. Measure the length of each drill pipe sleeve 1;

[0031] C. Measure the length of the drill pipe sleeve 1, number each drill pipe sleeve 1, number each jet nozzle 8 and the solenoid valve controlling the jet nozzle 8, and record the assembly sequence of each drill pipe sleeve 1. Record the position of the jet nozzle 8 and the corresponding solenoid valve in each drill pipe sleeve 1 under each number;

[0032] D. Start the portable drill, let the drill bit 2 of the portable drill drill into the ground, determine the depth of the drill hole according to the number of drill pipe sleeves 1 drilled into the ground. When the depth of the drill hole reaches a certain set value, start the air extraction pump 6 and the gas composition analysis device. Use the air extraction pump 6 to extract the gas in the drill pipe sleeve 1. During the air extraction process, observe the pressure sensor on the gas transmission pipe 4. When the volume of the gas extracted from the gas transmission pipe 4 reaches the set value, that is, after the gas originally accumulated in the drill pipe sleeve 1 is replaced by the underground gas, then send the gas extracted from the ground to the gas composition analysis device for component and concentration analysis corresponding to the component;

[0033] E. If it is found through analysis that the concentration of carbon dioxide gas and / or the concentration of volatile fatty acids and / or the concentration of amino acids and / or the concentration of lactic acid in the gas sample is significantly greater than the normal value in the previously collected environment, it indicates that there are living people or animals underground near the drill hole;

[0034] If it is found through analysis that the concentration of cadaverine and / or the concentration of putrescine and / or the concentration of hydrogen sulfide and / or the concentration of methane in the gas sample is significantly greater than the normal value in the environment, it indicates that there are human or animal remains underground near the drill hole;

[0035] F. Analyze the results of the gas sample according to step E. If it is found that the concentration of carbon dioxide gas and / or the concentration of volatile fatty acids and / or the concentration of amino acids and / or the concentration of lactic acid in the gas sample is significantly greater than the normal value in the previously collected environment, immediately analyze the depth at which the living organism is buried, start the high-pressure water pump 11, connect the injection liquid storage tank 12 filled with ordinary water to the high-pressure water pump 11, and according to the information about the number of the drill pipe sleeve 1 recorded in step C, open the solenoid valve on the injection pipe 9 at the corresponding depth, and use the water flow ejected from the jet nozzle 8 at the corresponding depth to dredge and expand the sand outside a group of air inlets 7 on the side wall of the drill pipe sleeve 1, and respectively form a cavity capable of accommodating underground gas outside each air inlet 7 at the corresponding depth;

[0036] G. Use the electric shut-off valve connected in series on the injection liquid water pipe to switch the pipeline, connect the injection liquid storage tank 12 filled with a tracer reagent with a certain specific chemical composition to the high-pressure water pump 11, and inject one or more portions of the tracer reagent with a certain specific chemical composition into the cavity outside each air inlet 7 at the corresponding depth in the form of pulses;

[0037] H. Continuously pump out the gas in the drill pipe sleeve 1 using the air pump 6. During the pumping process, send the gas pumped out from the ground to the gas composition analysis device for composition and concentration analysis corresponding to the composition. If it is found that the concentration of carbon dioxide gas and / or the concentration of volatile fatty acids and / or the concentration of amino acids and / or the concentration of lactic acid in the gas sample continues to increase and is significantly greater than the abnormal value collected previously, and at the same time, the presence of the first injected tracer reagent is detected, it indicates that there are living people or animals at this depth underground near the drill hole; if it is found that the concentration of carbon dioxide gas and / or the concentration of volatile fatty acids and / or the concentration of amino acids and / or the concentration of lactic acid in the gas sample does not increase significantly, and the difference from the previously collected abnormal value is not large, and at the same time, the presence of the first injected tracer reagent is detected, it indicates that there are no living people or animals at this depth underground near the drill hole;

[0038] I. If the test shows that there are no living humans or animals at a certain depth underground near the borehole, the high-pressure water pump 11 can be continued to be started, and the injection liquid storage tank 12 filled with ordinary water is connected to the high-pressure water pump 11. According to the information about the number of the drill pipe sleeve 1 recorded in step C, the solenoid valve on the injection pipe 9 at the corresponding depth is opened, and the water flow ejected from the jet nozzle 8 at the corresponding depth is used to dredge and expand the sand outside another group of air inlets 7 on the side wall of the drill pipe sleeve 1, and a cavity capable of accommodating underground gas is respectively formed outside each air inlet 7 at the corresponding depth. Then, the electric cut-off valve connected in series on the injection liquid water pipe is used to switch the pipeline, and the injection liquid storage tank 12 filled with a tracer reagent with a certain specific chemical composition is connected to the high-pressure water pump 11, and a tracer reagent with another specific chemical composition is injected into the cavity outside each air inlet 7 at the corresponding depth in the form of a pulse. At the same time, the gas in the drill pipe sleeve 1 is continuously pumped out by the air extraction pump 6. During the air extraction process, the gas extracted from the underground is sent to the gas composition analysis device for composition and concentration analysis corresponding to the composition. If it is found through analysis that the concentration of carbon dioxide gas and / or the concentration of volatile fatty acids and / or the concentration of amino acids and / or the concentration of lactic acid in the gas sample continue to increase, significantly greater than the abnormal value collected previously, and at the same time, the presence of the tracer reagent injected for the second time is also detected, it indicates that there are living humans or animals at this depth underground near the borehole; if it is found through analysis that the concentration of carbon dioxide gas and / or the concentration of volatile fatty acids and / or the concentration of amino acids and / or the concentration of lactic acid in the gas sample does not increase significantly, with little difference from the abnormal value collected previously, and at the same time, the presence of the tracer reagent injected for the second time is also detected, it indicates that there are no living humans or animals at this depth underground near the borehole.

[0039] The function of the above-mentioned tracer reagent is that it can identify that the analyzed gas includes the gas from the cavity outside the air inlet 7 at a certain specific depth, so that a relatively accurate determination can be made about which underlying depth the extracted gas comes from. Without the difference brought by the tracer reagent, it is impossible to accurately determine the accurate depth of the analyzed gas, and thus it is also impossible to better rescue the buried personnel quickly.

[0040] J. If the test shows that there are no living humans or animals at a certain depth underground near the borehole, repeat step I until the air inlet 7 where there are living humans or animals at this depth underground near the borehole is found.

[0041] K. Analyze the results of the gas sample according to step E. If it is found that the concentration of cadaverine and / or putrescine and / or hydrogen sulfide and / or methane in the gas sample is significantly greater than the normal value in the previously collected environment, analyze the depth at which the human or animal remains are buried, start the high-pressure water pump 11, connect the injection liquid storage tank 12 filled with ordinary water to the high-pressure water pump 11, and according to the information about the numbering of the drill pipe sleeve 1 recorded in step C, open the solenoid valve on the injection pipe 9 at the corresponding depth, and use the water flow ejected from the jet nozzle 8 at the corresponding depth to dredge and expand the sand outside a group of air inlets 7 on the side wall of the drill pipe sleeve 1, and form a cavity that can accommodate underground gas outside each air inlet 7 at the corresponding depth;

[0042] L. Use the electric stop valve connected in series on the injection liquid water pipe to switch the pipeline, connect the injection liquid storage tank 12 filled with a tracer reagent with a certain specific chemical composition to the high-pressure water pump 11, and inject a tracer reagent with a certain specific chemical composition in the form of pulses into the cavity outside each air inlet 7 at the corresponding depth;

[0043] M. Continuously pump out the gas in the drill pipe sleeve 1 using the air pump 6. During the pumping process, send the gas pumped out from the ground to the gas composition analysis device for composition and concentration analysis corresponding to the composition. If it is found that the concentration of cadaverine and / or putrescine and / or hydrogen sulfide and / or methane in the gas sample continues to increase and is significantly greater than the previously collected abnormal value, and at the same time, the presence of the first injected tracer reagent is detected, it indicates that there are human or animal remains at this depth underground near the drill hole; if it is found that the concentration of cadaverine and / or putrescine and / or hydrogen sulfide and / or methane in the gas sample does not increase significantly, and the difference from the previously collected abnormal value is not large, and at the same time, the presence of the first injected tracer reagent is detected, it indicates that there are no human or animal remains at this depth underground near the drill hole;

[0044] N. If the test shows that there are no human or animal remains at a certain depth underground near the borehole, the high-pressure water pump 11 can be started continuously. Connect the injection liquid storage tank 12 filled with ordinary water to the high-pressure water pump 11. According to the information about the numbering of the drill pipe sleeve 1 recorded in step C, open the solenoid valve on the injection pipe 9 at the corresponding depth, and use the water flow ejected from the jet nozzle 8 at the corresponding depth to dredge and expand the sand outside another set of air inlets 7 on the side wall of the drill pipe sleeve 1, and form a cavity that can accommodate underground gas outside each air inlet 7 at the corresponding depth. Then, use the electric stop valve connected in series on the injection liquid water pipe to switch the pipeline, connect the injection liquid storage tank 12 filled with a tracer reagent with a certain specific chemical composition to the high-pressure water pump 11, and inject the tracer reagent with another specific chemical composition in the form of pulses into the cavities outside each air inlet 7 at the corresponding depth. At the same time, continuously extract the gas in the drill pipe sleeve 1 using the air extraction pump 6. During the air extraction process, send the gas extracted from the underground to the gas composition analysis device for composition and concentration analysis corresponding to the composition. If the analysis finds that the concentration of cadaverine and / or putrescine and / or hydrogen sulfide and / or methane in the gas sample continues to increase, significantly greater than the abnormal value collected previously, and at the same time, the presence of the second injected tracer reagent is also detected, it indicates that there are human or animal remains at this depth underground near the borehole; if the analysis finds that the concentration of cadaverine and / or putrescine and / or hydrogen sulfide and / or methane in the gas sample does not increase significantly, with little difference from the abnormal value collected previously, and at the same time, the presence of the second injected tracer reagent is also detected, it indicates that there are no human or animal remains at this depth underground near the borehole;

[0045] O. If the test shows that there are no human or animal remains at a certain depth underground near the borehole, repeat step I until the air inlet 7 where there are human or animal remains at this depth underground near the borehole is found.

[0046] The embodiments described above are only used to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary engineering and technical personnel in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for searching and rescuing buried persons, characterized in that: The portable drilling rig comprises a plurality of hollow drill pipe sleeves (1), a gas delivery channel (3) for delivering gas to the ground is arranged inside the drill pipe, a gas outlet of the gas delivery channel (3) is connected to a sampling gas inlet of a gas component analysis device via a gas delivery pipe (4), and a gas purification and filtering device (5) and a vacuum pump (6) are connected in series on the gas delivery pipe (4); A plurality of air inlets (7) are provided on the side wall of each drill pipe sleeve (1), and a jet nozzle (8) is provided at each air inlet located in the drill pipe sleeve (1). Each jet nozzle (8) is installed at the outlet of a jet pipe (9), and each jet pipe (9) is connected in series with a solenoid valve (13). The inlet of each jet pipe (9) is connected to a jet pipe (10), and a high-pressure water pump (11) is connected in series to the jet pipe (10). The water inlet of the jet pipe (10) is connected to the water outlet of a water container (16), and an electric water outlet shut-off valve (17) is provided at the water outlet of the water container (16); The pipe section of the jet pipe (10) located above the ground is respectively connected to the water outlet of a jet liquid storage tank (12) through a plurality of jet liquid water delivery pipes (15) connected in series with electric gates (14), and the jet liquid stored in each jet liquid storage tank (12) contains a tracer reagent.

2. The device for searching and rescuing buried persons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas component analysis device is used to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide gas, the concentration of volatile fatty acids, the concentration of amino acids, the concentration of lactic acid, the concentration of cadaverine, the concentration of putrescine, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide and the concentration of methane in the gas, and the gas component analysis device is used to measure whether the tracer reagent exists in the gas.

3. The device for searching and rescuing buried persons according to claim 2, characterized in that: The jet tube (10) is made of a soft tube, the cross section of the drill rod sleeve (1) is polygonal, a group of air inlets (7) of the air delivery channel (3) is arranged on the side wall of each drill rod sleeve (1) at intervals of 0.5 meters to 1 meter, and each group of air inlets (7) of 2 to 8 air delivery channels (3) are arranged around the side wall of the drill rod sleeve (1), and the air pump (6) is a variable pump with an adjustable air suction flow rate.

4. The device for searching and rescuing buried persons according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas component analysis device is a plurality of gas chromatographs, and the gas delivery pipes (4) are respectively connected to the sampling gas inlets of the gas chromatographs.

5. The device for searching and rescuing buried persons according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The tracer reagent is ethanol and / or ammonia water and / or methanol and / or acetic acid and / or formic acid and / or acetaldehyde and / or formaldehyde.

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