Graded anti-explosion warehouse

Abstract

The invention provides a graded anti-explosion warehouse, and relates to the technical field of storage and transportation, the graded anti-explosion warehouse comprises a warehouse body, an explosion venting roof structure, a first explosion venting structure, a second explosion venting structure and a third explosion venting structure, the explosion venting roof structure is arranged on the warehouse body in a liftable manner, and a pressure relief gap can be formed between the explosion venting roof structure and the warehouse body; the first explosion venting structure can vent explosion and discharge pressure when the pressure of the storage cavity reaches a first pressure value; the second explosion venting structure can venting explosion and discharging pressure when the pressure of the storage cavity reaches a second pressure value, the third explosion venting structure is connected with the bin body and the explosion venting roof structure, and the third explosion venting structure can be disconnected to release the explosion venting roof structure when the pressure of the storage cavity reaches a third pressure value. A graded explosion venting structure is formed, when an explosion dangerous case occurs, the first explosion venting structure, the second explosion venting structure and the third explosion venting structure are preferentially damaged instead of the warehouse main body structure, so that the subsequent repair cost is reduced, and the warehouse can quickly recover production after being checked and repaired.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of storage and transportation, and in particular to a graded explosion-proof warehouse. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous updating of environmentally friendly process technology in the steel industry, the traditional ironmaking technology that uses coal coke as the main raw material is gradually being replaced by the more environmentally friendly and efficient smelting reduction ironmaking technology. As a new ironmaking method, smelting reduction ironmaking technology not only reduces dependence on traditional fossil fuels, but also reduces carbon dioxide emissions, which is in line with the general trend of green development. With the continuous development of smelting reduction ironmaking technology, there is a demand for starch biomass in the production of raw materials. As a renewable resource, starch biomass can be used as an auxiliary fuel or reducing agent in the smelting reduction ironmaking process, with the advantages of high combustion efficiency and low carbon emissions. However, starch is a fine-grained organic matter with a high risk of dust explosion. In view of the flammable and explosive characteristics of starch, a special dust explosion-proof warehouse needs to be designed to prevent dust accumulation from causing explosion accidents. In addition, how to improve the explosion-proof performance of explosion-proof warehouses and reduce the loss of accidental injuries has also become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a graded explosion-proof warehouse for improving explosion-proof performance and reducing the loss caused by accidental injuries.

[0004] The above-mentioned object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme. The present invention provides a graded explosion-proof warehouse, comprising:

[0005] A silo body, the silo body comprising a storage cavity for accommodating materials;

[0006] An explosion-proof roof structure, wherein the explosion-proof roof structure is liftably arranged on the warehouse body, and when the explosion-proof roof structure and the warehouse body are in a separated state, a pressure relief gap can be formed between the explosion-proof roof structure and the warehouse body;

[0007] a first explosion relief structure, the first explosion relief structure being arranged on the explosion relief roof structure, and the first explosion relief structure being capable of venting explosions and discharging pressure when the pressure of the storage chamber reaches a first pressure value;

[0008] a second explosion relief structure, the second explosion relief structure being arranged on the explosion relief roof structure, the second explosion relief structure being capable of venting explosions and discharging pressure when the pressure of the storage chamber reaches a second pressure value, the second pressure value being greater than the first pressure value;

[0009] The third explosion venting structure, which connects the silo body and the explosion venting roof structure, can disconnect when the pressure in the storage cavity reaches a third pressure value to release the explosion venting roof structure, and the third pressure value is greater than the second pressure value.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the explosion venting roof structure includes a roof mounting frame and a cover body provided on the roof mounting frame. The roof mounting frame is disposed on the silo body in a liftable manner. The second explosion venting structure is provided on the roof mounting frame, and the first explosion venting structure is provided on the cover body.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first explosion venting structure includes an explosion venting cylinder provided on the roof mounting frame and a pressure relief hole provided on the explosion venting cylinder. The explosion venting cylinder communicates with the storage cavity, and the pressure relief hole is located outside the storage cavity.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first explosion venting structure further includes a rain protection cap, which is slidably provided on the explosion venting cylinder. When the pressure in the storage cavity does not reach the first pressure value, the rain protection cap falls by its own weight and covers the pressure relief hole; when the pressure in the storage cavity reaches the first pressure value, the rain protection cap slides upward along the explosion venting cylinder under the action of pressure to open the pressure relief hole.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first explosion venting structure further includes a first stop structure provided between the explosion venting cylinder and the rain protection cap. The first stop structure includes a first limiting portion provided at the top of the explosion venting cylinder and a second limiting portion provided at the bottom of the rain protection cap. Along the moving direction of the rain protection cap, the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion can be in limiting contact to prevent the rain protection cap from detaching from the explosion venting cylinder.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first explosion venting structure further includes a light sensor alarm provided between the rain protection cap and the explosion venting cylinder. The light sensor alarm is used to output an alarm signal based on the relative position between the rain protection cap and the explosion venting cylinder.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first explosion relief structure further includes a smoke detector, which is arranged in the storage cavity for monitoring smoke; the first explosion relief structure further includes a dust concentration monitor, which is arranged in the storage cavity for monitoring the dust concentration; and / or, the first explosion relief structure further includes a camera module, which is arranged in the storage cavity for tracking the ignition point; and / or, the first explosion relief structure further includes a gas suction and spraying device, which is arranged in the storage cavity for sucking smoke and dust or spraying inert gas for fire extinguishing; and / or, the first explosion relief structure further includes a water spray fire extinguisher, which is arranged in the storage cavity for spraying water for fire extinguishing.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, mounting lugs are provided on the explosion relief cylinder body, and the explosion relief cylinder body is connected to the explosion relief roof structure through the mounting lugs; a disc is provided at the bottom of the explosion relief cylinder body, and the disc is placed in the storage cavity, and one or more of the smoke detector, the camera module, the gas suction and spraying device, and the water spray fire extinguisher are arranged on the disc.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first explosion relief structure includes a control module, the camera module, and the water spray fire extinguisher. The control module is electrically connected to the camera module and the water spray fire extinguisher, and the control module is used to control the water spray fire extinguisher to automatically track the ignition point based on the ignition point coordinates fed back by the camera module.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of first explosion relief structures are provided, and the plurality of first explosion relief structures are arranged at intervals on the explosion relief roof structure.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pressure relief belt is provided on the roof installation frame. The second explosion relief structure includes an explosion relief plate covering the pressure relief belt and a plurality of explosion relief long neck bolt structures connecting the roof installation frame and the explosion relief plate. When the pressure in the storage cavity reaches the second pressure value, the explosion relief long neck bolt structure displaces to release the explosion relief plate.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the explosion relief long neck bolt structure includes a long neck screw and a fixing nut. The fixing nut is arranged on the explosion relief plate, the long neck screw is connected to the fixing nut, and a mounting hole for the long neck screw to pass through is provided on the roof installation frame. A one-way biting structure for providing resistance is arranged between the mounting hole and the long neck screw.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the explosion venting long-neck bolt structure further includes a movable nut disposed on the long-neck screw. The movable nut and the fixed nut are oppositely disposed on both sides of the mounting hole. The movable nut is used to prevent the explosion venting long-neck bolt structure and the explosion venting plate from detaching from the roof mounting frame.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable nut is a self-locking nut. On the side of the movable nut facing the mounting hole, a conical reducer and a screw limiting portion disposed at the rear end of the conical reducer are provided. The screw limiting portion can form an axial limit with the mounting hole.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the long-neck screw is further provided with a shackle bolt. The shackle bolt and the mounting hole are oppositely disposed on both sides of the movable nut.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the storage body includes an explosion-proof wall and a plurality of explosion-proof columns spaced apart in the explosion-proof wall. The explosion-proof columns include a guiding section protruding from the explosion-proof wall. A sliding interface corresponding to the guiding section is provided on the roof mounting frame. The roof mounting frame is connected to the guiding section in a liftable manner through the sliding interface.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third explosion venting structure includes a plurality of explosion venting bolts for connecting the roof mounting frame and the explosion-proof wall. When the pressure in the storage cavity reaches the third pressure value, the explosion venting bolts break to release the explosion venting roof structure.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects:

[0027] When the hierarchical explosion-proof warehouse of the present invention is in use, the warehouse main structure is composed of the storage body and the explosion venting roof structure, and materials can be stored in the storage cavity. Among them, the materials can be ton bags of starch, which is not specifically limited here. Moreover, the hierarchical explosion-proof warehouse is also provided with a first explosion venting structure, a second explosion venting structure and a third explosion venting structure. When a dust explosion causes the pressure in the storage cavity to rise sharply, the first explosion venting structure, the second explosion venting structure and the third explosion venting structure are activated in sequence, gradually reducing the explosion pressure, effectively preventing the concentrated release of explosion energy, and avoiding serious damage to the warehouse structure and surrounding facilities caused by a single large explosion. The present invention forms a hierarchical explosion venting structure through the cooperation of the first explosion venting structure, the second explosion venting structure and the third explosion venting structure. When an explosion danger occurs, the first explosion venting structure, the second explosion venting structure and the third explosion venting structure are preferentially damaged rather than the warehouse main structure, which is beneficial to reducing the subsequent repair cost, and also enables the warehouse to quickly resume production after inspection and repair, thereby improving the explosion-proof performance and reducing the loss of accident-related injuries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention disclosure in any way. Additionally, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components in the drawings are only schematic and are used to assist in understanding the present invention, rather than specifically limiting the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can, under the teaching of the present invention, select various possible shapes and proportional dimensions according to specific circumstances to implement the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic side view structure diagram of an embodiment of the hierarchical explosion-proof warehouse described in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic side view structure diagram of an embodiment of the first explosion relief structure described in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic side view structure diagram of an embodiment of the first stop structure described in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic side view structure diagram of an embodiment of the second explosion relief structure described in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic side view structure diagram of an embodiment of the one-way biting structure described in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic side view structure diagram of an embodiment of the third explosion relief structure described in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a schematic top view structure diagram of an embodiment of the hierarchical explosion-proof warehouse described in the present invention.

[0037] The reference numerals of the above drawings:

[0038] 100, storage body; 110, explosion-proof column; 111, guiding section; 120, explosion-proof wall;

[0039] 200, explosion relief roof structure; 210, roof installation frame; 211, sliding interface; 220, cover body;

[0040] 300, First explosion venting structure; 301, Rainproof cap; 302, First stop structure; 3021, First limiting part; 3022, Second limiting part; 303, Explosion venting cylinder body; 304, Light sensor alarm; 305, Pressure relief hole; 306, Mounting ear seat; 307, Disk body; 308, Smoke detector; 309, Camera; 310, Gas suction and sprayer; 311, Water spray fire extinguisher;

[0041] 400, Second explosion venting structure; 401, Explosion venting belt; 402, Explosion venting plate; 403, Explosion venting long neck bolt structure; 4031, Long neck screw; 404, Fixed nut; 405, Movable nut; 406, One-way biting structure; 407, Conical reducer; 408, Screw limiting part; 409, Eyebolt;

[0042] 500, Third explosion venting structure; 510, Explosion venting bolt. Specific embodiments

[0043] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, a hierarchical explosion-proof warehouse is provided. The hierarchical explosion-proof warehouse includes a warehouse body 100, an explosion venting roof structure 200, a first explosion venting structure 300, a second explosion venting structure 400, and a third explosion venting structure 500. The warehouse body 100 includes a storage cavity for accommodating materials; the explosion venting roof structure 200 is disposed on the warehouse body 100 in a liftable manner. When the explosion venting roof structure 200 is in a separated state from the warehouse body 100, a pressure relief gap can be formed between the explosion venting roof structure 200 and the warehouse body 100; the first explosion venting structure 300 is disposed on the explosion venting roof structure 200, and the first explosion venting structure 300 can vent and relieve pressure when the pressure in the storage cavity reaches a first pressure value; the second explosion venting structure 400 is disposed on the explosion venting roof structure 200, and the second explosion venting structure 400 can vent and relieve pressure when the pressure in the storage cavity reaches a second pressure value, and the second pressure value is greater than the first pressure value; the third explosion venting structure 500 connects the warehouse body 100 and the explosion venting roof structure 200, and the third explosion venting structure 500 can be disconnected to release the explosion venting roof structure 200 when the pressure in the storage cavity reaches a third pressure value, and the third pressure value is greater than the second pressure value.

[0045] Overall, when the hierarchical explosion-proof warehouse is in use, the warehouse body 100 and the explosion venting roof structure 200 form the main structure of the warehouse, and materials can be stored in the storage cavity. Among them, the materials can be ton bags of starch, which is not specifically limited here.

[0046] Moreover, the classified explosion-proof warehouse is also provided with a first explosion relief structure 300, a second explosion relief structure 400, and a third explosion relief structure 500. When a dust explosion occurs and causes a sharp increase in the pressure in the storage cavity, the first explosion relief structure 300, the second explosion relief structure 400, and the third explosion relief structure 500 are activated in sequence, gradually reducing the explosion pressure, effectively preventing the concentrated release of explosion energy, and avoiding serious damage to the warehouse structure and surrounding facilities caused by a single large explosion.

[0047] In the present invention, a classified explosion relief structure is formed by the cooperation of the first explosion relief structure 300, the second explosion relief structure 400, and the third explosion relief structure 500. When an explosion danger occurs, the first explosion relief structure 300, the second explosion relief structure 400, and the third explosion relief structure 500 are preferentially damaged rather than the main structure of the warehouse, which is beneficial to reducing subsequent repair costs. It also enables the warehouse to quickly resume production after inspection and repair, thereby improving the explosion-proof performance and reducing the losses caused by accident-related injuries.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown in the embodiment, the explosion relief roof structure 200 includes a roof installation frame 210 and a cover body 220 provided on the roof installation frame 210. The roof installation frame 210 is liftably arranged on the warehouse body 100, a second explosion relief structure 400 is provided on the roof installation frame 210, and a first explosion relief structure 300 is provided on the cover body 220.

[0049] By providing the first explosion relief structure 300 on the cover body 220 and the second explosion relief structure 400 on the roof installation frame 210, multi-level explosion relief protection is achieved. When an explosion occurs in the storage cavity, the explosion relief structures at all levels are activated in sequence according to the set pressure order, ensuring the orderliness and controllability of the explosion relief process.

[0050] Moreover, the roof installation frame 210 is liftably arranged on the warehouse body 100. After the third explosion relief structure 500 is triggered, the entire explosion relief roof structure 200 can be discharged in an organized manner along a predetermined direction, avoiding damage to the warehouse body itself and the surrounding environment caused by unordered explosion.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown in the embodiment, the first explosion relief structure 300 includes an explosion relief cylinder body 303 provided on the roof installation frame 210 and a pressure relief hole 305 provided on the explosion relief cylinder body 303. The explosion relief cylinder body 303 communicates with the storage cavity, and the pressure relief hole 305 is placed outside the storage cavity.

[0052] By connecting the explosion vent cylinder body 303 to the storage cavity and placing the pressure relief hole 305 outside the storage cavity, it is ensured that in the event of an explosion, the high-pressure gas can quickly release outward through the explosion vent cylinder body 303 and the pressure relief hole 305, thereby achieving directional pressure relief and avoiding damage to the bin body 100 due to excessive internal pressure in the storage cavity.

[0053] Furthermore, the first explosion vent structure 300 further includes a rain cap 301, which is slidably arranged on the explosion vent cylinder body 303. When the pressure in the storage cavity does not reach the first pressure value, the rain cap 301 falls by its own weight and covers the pressure relief hole 305; when the pressure in the storage cavity reaches the first pressure value, the rain cap 301 slides upward along the explosion vent cylinder body 303 under the action of pressure to open the pressure relief hole 305.

[0054] In the non-pressure relief state, the pressure relief hole 305 is tightly covered by the rain cap 301, effectively preventing external sundries such as rainwater and dust from entering the storage cavity, making the internal environment of the storage cavity cleaner and drier, thus protecting the storage environment of the material and avoiding the problem of pressure relief failure caused by foreign objects blocking the pressure relief hole 305.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown in the embodiment, the first explosion vent structure 300 further includes a first stop structure 302 arranged between the explosion vent cylinder body 303 and the rain cap 301. The first stop structure 302 includes a first limiting portion 3021 arranged at the top of the explosion vent cylinder body 303 and a second limiting portion 3022 arranged at the bottom of the rain cap 301. Along the movement direction of the rain cap 301, the first limiting portion 3021 and the second limiting portion 3022 can be in limiting contact to prevent the rain cap 301 from detaching from the explosion vent cylinder body 303.

[0056] Through the first stop structure 302, it can be ensured that the rain cap 301 will not detach from the explosion vent cylinder body 303 during the sliding process, avoiding the out-of-control flying of the rain cap 301, reducing the potential threat of flying objects (such as the rain cap 301 itself or other fragments) to the surrounding environment and personnel, and improving the safety protection performance.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first explosion vent structure 300 further includes a light sensor alarm 304 arranged between the rain cap 301 and the explosion vent cylinder body 303. The light sensor alarm 304 is used to output an alarm signal based on the relative position between the rain cap 301 and the explosion vent cylinder body 303.

[0058] The relative position change between the rain-proof cap 301 and the explosion venting cylinder body 303 can be monitored in real time by the light sensor alarm 304. When abnormal displacement or movement occurs between the two, the light sensor alarm 304 immediately outputs an alarm signal, ensuring that in the event of an abnormal situation in the classified explosion-proof warehouse (such as the rain-proof cap 301 becoming loose, sliding or falling off), an alarm can be issued in the first time, facilitating relevant personnel to quickly take countermeasures.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown in the embodiment, the first explosion venting structure 300 further includes a smoke sensor alarm 308, which is arranged in the storage cavity for monitoring smoke; the first explosion venting structure 300 further includes a dust concentration monitor, which is arranged in the storage cavity for monitoring dust concentration; and / or, the first explosion venting structure 300 further includes a camera module, which is arranged in the storage cavity for tracking the ignition point; and / or, the first explosion venting structure 300 further includes a gas suction and spray device 310, which is arranged in the storage cavity for sucking smoke and dust or spraying inert gas for fire extinguishing; and / or, the first explosion venting structure 300 further includes a water spray fire extinguisher 311, which is arranged in the storage cavity for spraying water for fire extinguishing.

[0060] Designers can adjust the specific types and installation methods of each device according to the usage requirements, and no specific restrictions are made here. Among them, the installation position of the dust concentration monitor refers to that of the smoke sensor alarm 308, which will not be elaborated here.

[0061] Preferably, the first explosion venting structure 300 includes a smoke sensor alarm 308, a dust concentration monitor, a camera module, a gas suction and spray device 310 and a water spray fire extinguisher 311.

[0062] In an embodiment of the invention, mounting lugs 306 are provided on the explosion venting cylinder body 303, and the explosion venting cylinder body 303 is connected to the explosion venting roof structure 200 through the mounting lugs 306; a disk body 307 is provided at the bottom of the explosion venting cylinder body 303, and the disk body 307 is placed in the storage cavity, and one or more of the smoke sensor alarm 308, the camera module, the gas suction and spray device 310 and the water spray fire extinguisher 311 are arranged on the disk body 307.

[0063] Specifically, the mounting lugs 306 are arranged in the middle of the explosion venting cylinder body 303, and the mounting lugs 306 are used to connect the girder of the explosion venting roof structure 200, so as to firmly fix the explosion venting cylinder body 303 on the explosion venting roof structure 200. Designers can adjust the specific structure of the mounting lugs 306 according to the usage requirements, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0064] Moreover, the imaging module includes a camera 309, which is arranged on the inner ring of the disc body 307. Through the camera 309, the ignition point can be tracked, the position of the fire source can be accurately identified, and real-time image information can be provided, facilitating the rapid positioning of the fire source, thus providing strong support for the fire extinguishing work.

[0065] Moreover, the smoke detector 308 and the dust concentration monitor can also be arranged on the inner ring of the disc body 307. The smoke detector 308 and the dust concentration monitor can respectively monitor the smoke and dust concentration in the storage cavity. Once abnormal conditions (such as the smoke or high-concentration dust generated in the initial stage of a fire) are detected, an alarm will be immediately issued, thus helping to give an early warning at the early stage of an accident, facilitating timely measures to be taken to avoid the situation from expanding.

[0066] Moreover, the gas suction and spraying device 310 is arranged on the middle ring of the disc body 307. When the smoke detector 308 or the dust concentration monitor triggers an alarm, the gas suction and spraying device 310 can be immediately activated to suck in smoke and dust or spray inert gas to inhibit the spread of the fire and reduce the explosion risk.

[0067] Moreover, the water spray fire extinguisher 311 is arranged on the outer ring of the disc body 307. The water spray fire extinguisher 311 can quickly spray water to extinguish the fire when necessary, ensuring that the fire is effectively controlled.

[0068] In a feasible embodiment, the first explosion relief structure 300 includes a control module, an imaging module, and the water spray fire extinguisher 311. The control module is electrically connected to the imaging module and the water spray fire extinguisher 311. The control module is used to control the water spray fire extinguisher 311 to automatically track the ignition point based on the ignition point coordinates fed back by the imaging module.

[0069] Designers can adjust the specific structure of the controller according to the usage needs, and no specific limitation is made here. Moreover, by electrically connecting the controller to the first explosion relief structure 300, it also helps to realize the intelligent control of the first explosion relief structure 300, with better usage effects.

[0070] In order to enable the first explosion relief structure 300 to better cover the entire storage cavity, in the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 7 shown in the embodiment, multiple first explosion relief structures 300 are provided. The multiple first explosion relief structures 300 are arranged at intervals on the explosion relief roof structure 200. Designers can adjust the specific number and arrangement mode of the first explosion relief structures 300 according to the usage needs, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, a pressure relief belt is provided on the roof installation frame 210. The second explosion relief structure 400 includes an explosion relief plate 402 covering the pressure relief belt, and a plurality of explosion relief long-neck bolt structures 403 connecting the roof installation frame 210 and the explosion relief plate 402. When the pressure in the storage cavity reaches the second pressure value, the explosion relief long-neck bolt structure 403 displaces to release the explosion relief plate 402.

[0072] Specifically, a short wall is provided on the side wall of the roof installation frame 210. The explosion relief plate 402 is arranged on the short wall surface of the roof installation frame 210 and is placed at the connection between the explosion-proof wall 120 and the roof installation frame 210.

[0073] Among them, the explosion relief long-neck bolt structure 403 is mainly connected to the roof installation frame 210 through frictional action. When the pressure in the storage cavity reaches the second pressure value, the explosion relief long-neck bolt structure 403 overcomes the frictional action and displaces. At this time, the explosion relief plate 402 and the explosion relief long-neck bolt structure 403 displace together and open the pressure relief belt 401 to play a pressure relief role.

[0074] In the present invention, the pressure relief belt 401 and the explosion relief plate 402 cooperate to form a larger pressure relief area, thereby improving the pressure relief efficiency and avoiding structural damage or safety accidents caused by untimely pressure relief.

[0075] Furthermore, designers can adjust the setting quantity and arrangement mode of the pressure relief belt 401 and the explosion relief plate 402 according to the usage requirements, and no specific restrictions are made here. Preferably, multiple groups of the pressure relief belt 401 and the explosion relief plate 402 are provided, and the pressure relief effect is improved through the coordinated cooperation of multiple groups.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 6 shown in the illustrated embodiment, the explosion relief long-neck bolt structure 403 includes a long-neck screw 4031 and a fixing nut 404. The fixing nut 404 is arranged on the explosion relief plate 402. The long-neck screw 4031 is connected to the fixing nut 404. An installation hole for the long-neck screw 4031 to pass through is provided on the roof installation frame 210, and a one-way biting structure 406 for providing resistance is arranged between the installation hole and the long-neck screw 4031.

[0077] Specifically, the one-way biting structure 406 includes a first one-way biting section arranged on the long-neck screw 4031 and a second one-way biting section arranged in the installation hole. During installation, the first one-way biting section on the long-neck screw 4031 is inserted into the second one-way biting section in the installation hole and is clamped and limited, so that the explosion relief plate 402 can cover the pressure relief belt 401.

[0078] When the pressure in the storage cavity reaches the second pressure value, the joint of the first one-way biting section and the second one-way biting section is preferentially broken by destructive tension. At this time, the explosion vent long-neck bolt structure 403 and the explosion vent plate 402 can overcome the biting effect and displace, enabling the explosion vent plate 402 to release and relieve pressure within an extremely short time, thereby improving the pressure relief efficiency, ensuring the rapid discharge of the high-pressure gas in the storage cavity, and avoiding structural damage or safety accidents caused by untimely pressure relief.

[0079] Furthermore, the explosion vent long-neck bolt structure 403 further includes a movable nut 405 arranged on the long-neck screw 4031. The movable nut 405 and the fixed nut 404 are oppositely arranged on both sides of the mounting hole. The movable nut 405 is used to prevent the explosion vent long-neck bolt structure 403 and the explosion vent plate 402 from detaching from the roof mounting frame 210.

[0080] By arranging the movable nut 405 on the long-neck screw 4031, the movable nut 405 can play a limiting role on the long-neck screw 4031, avoiding the long-neck screw 4031 detaching from the mounting hole together with the explosion vent plate 402 after the one-way biting structure 406 fails, reducing the potential threat of flying objects (such as the long-neck screw 4031, the explosion vent plate 402 or other fragments) to the surrounding environment and personnel, and enhancing the safety protection performance.

[0081] Specifically, the movable nut 405 is a self-locking nut. A conical reducer 407 is arranged on the side of the movable nut 405 facing the mounting hole, and a screw limiting part 408 is arranged at the rear end of the conical reducer 407. The screw limiting part 408 can form an axial limit with the mounting hole.

[0082] By arranging the conical reducer 407 on the side of the movable nut 405 facing the mounting hole, during the explosion venting process, the conical reducer 407 can gradually be inserted into the mounting hole, and finally form an axial limit with the mounting hole through the screw limiting part 408. The conical reducer 407 plays a buffering role, slowing down the displacement speed of the explosion vent plate 402 and the long-neck screw 4031, avoiding the rapid impact of the explosion vent plate 402 on the roof mounting structure, and reducing the risk of structural damage.

[0083] Moreover, a turnbuckle 409 is also arranged on the long-neck screw 4031. The turnbuckle 409 and the mounting hole are oppositely arranged on both sides of the movable nut 405. The turnbuckle 409 can further limit the movable nut 405 to prevent the movable nut 405 from accidentally detaching from the long-neck screw 4031.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 5In the illustrated embodiment, the silo body 100 includes an explosion-proof wall 120 and a plurality of explosion-proof columns 110 spaced apart in the explosion-proof wall 120. The explosion-proof columns 110 include a guiding section 111 protruding from the explosion-proof wall 120. A sliding interface 211 corresponding to the guiding section 111 is provided on the roof mounting frame 210, and the roof mounting frame 210 is liftably connected to the guiding section 111 through the sliding interface 211.

[0085] The cooperation of the explosion-proof wall 120 and the plurality of explosion-proof columns 110 forms a solid overall structure that can effectively disperse and withstand external impact forces. Especially when encountering an explosion or other severe impacts, the explosion-proof columns 110 can provide additional support to prevent the overall damage of the wall.

[0086] Specifically, the top of the explosion-proof column 110 is arranged with a variable diameter to form the guiding section 111, and the cross-section of the guiding section 111 is circular or rectangular. The guiding section 111 and the sliding interface 211 on the roof mounting frame 210 form a variable diameter coupling connection. After the accident condition is triggered, the roof mounting frame 210 performs an organized guiding movement along the guiding section 111 through the sliding interface 211, ensuring that the roof mounting frame 210 can be lifted and lowered smoothly under pressure relief or emergency conditions, and avoiding secondary damage caused by jamming or deviation.

[0087] Among them, the guiding section 111 is set according to a preset length, so that the guiding section 111 has sufficient length. After the explosion-proof roof structure 200 explodes instantaneously, it will fall back along the guiding section 111 of the explosion-proof column 110 to prevent the explosion-proof materials from flying out and hurting the surrounding facilities and personnel.

[0088] Moreover, the shape of the sliding interface 211 is the same as that of the guiding section 111. And the explosion-proof column 110 can be made of concrete material to form a column, so that it has sufficient compressive and explosion-proof strength.

[0089] Furthermore, the explosion-proof wall 120 can be made of concrete material, and the explosion-proof wall 120 below 2m uses a higher-strength concrete material, so that the foundation of the explosion-proof wall 120 is stable, and the collapse of the lower wall surface after the accident condition is triggered is avoided to cause personal injury.

[0090] And, an explosion-proof door and an explosion-proof window are also provided on the explosion-proof wall 120, and the explosion-proof door and the explosion-proof window can be used for emergency escape.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown in the embodiment, the third explosion-proof structure 500 includes a plurality of explosion-proof bolts 510 for connecting the roof mounting frame 210 and the explosion-proof wall 120. When the pressure in the storage cavity reaches the third pressure value, the explosion-proof bolts 510 break to release the explosion-proof roof structure 200.

[0092] The roof mounting frame 210 is connected to the explosion-proof wall 120 by a plurality of explosion relief bolts 510 to ensure the structural stability under normal working conditions. When the pressure in the storage cavity reaches a preset third pressure value, these explosion relief bolts 510 can be disconnected synchronously, so as to achieve a rapid and uniform release of the explosion relief roof structure 200, improving the reliability and consistency of the pressure relief process. Designers can adjust the specific type of the explosion relief bolts 510 according to the usage requirements, and no specific restrictions are made here. For example, the explosion relief bolts 510 are rivets.

[0093] Moreover, the roof mounting frame 210 is coupled to the guiding section 111 of the explosion-proof column 110 through a sliding interface 211. When the explosion relief roof structure 200 is triggered, the friction between the existing sliding interface 211 and the guiding section 111 resists the explosion pressure to reduce the damage, and can also change the unorganized explosion of the explosion relief roof structure 200 into an organized explosion with directivity, which can not only reduce the damage to the storage body itself, but also reduce the damage to the surrounding environment.

[0094] Designers can adjust the specific structure of the explosion relief roof structure 200 according to the usage requirements, and no specific restrictions are made here. For example, the explosion relief roof structure 200 is a light steel structure.

[0095] When the explosion pressure does not reach the first pressure and no abnormality is found, the first explosion relief structure 300 performs a monitoring task, the smoke detector 308 and the dust concentration monitor implement monitoring, the camera 309 implements monitoring, and the gas suction and sprayer 310 performs the working system ventilation task to reduce the dust concentration in the storage cavity.

[0096] When the explosion pressure does not reach the first pressure but an abnormality is found, the smoke detector 308 and the dust concentration monitor give an alarm, the camera 309 tracks the ignition point for positioning, and the water spray fire extinguisher 311 is activated according to the positioning to perform local precise fire extinguishing to control the danger.

[0097] When the explosion pressure in the storage cavity reaches the first pressure, the rain-proof cap 301 is automatically pushed up by the explosion pressure, the pressure relief hole 305 is exposed to achieve primary pressure relief, and the first stop structure 302 between the pressure relief cylinder body 303 and the rain-proof cap 301 controls the rain-proof cap 301 at the limit position to prevent the explosion relief objects from flying out and hurting the surrounding facilities and personnel.

[0098] When the explosion pressure in the storage cavity reaches the second pressure, the first one-way biting section on the long-neck screw 4031 is pulled off. The pressure relief plate 402, the pressure relief long-neck bolt structure 403, and the fixing nut 404 form an integral structure and move out of the library synchronously to achieve secondary pressure relief. The movable nut 405 has a stop function to control the integral structure formed by the pressure relief plate 402, the pressure relief long-neck bolt structure 403, and the fixed-end nut at the limit position to prevent the explosion relief objects from flying out and hurting the surrounding facilities and personnel.

[0099] When the explosion pressure in the storage cavity reaches the third pressure, both the first explosion relief structure 300 and the second explosion relief structure 400 have completed their self-destructive explosion relief tasks, and the explosion pressure in the storage cavity has been reduced.

[0100] When the explosion pressure in the storage cavity reaches the third pressure, the explosion relief bolt 510 between the explosion relief roof structure 200 and the explosion-proof column 110 is pulled and broken by the explosion pressure. The explosion relief roof structure 200 flies upward along the guiding section 111 of the explosion-proof column 110. The designed length of the guiding section 111 is sufficient. After the explosion relief roof structure 200 instantaneously relieves the explosion, it will fall back along the guiding section 111 of the explosion-proof column 110 to prevent the explosion relief materials from flying out and hurting the surrounding facilities and personnel.

[0101] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant improvements: through the hierarchical design of the anti-explosion strength of the wall and the organized hierarchical explosion relief design, the safety of the internal operators in the explosion-proof warehouse is effectively protected, and the explosion pressure is gradually reduced, reducing the damage to the overall structure of the warehouse, thereby ensuring the safety of the personnel inside and outside the warehouse. At the same time, the variable-diameter guiding design of the explosion-proof column 110 in the storage warehouse avoids the uncontrollable flying of the explosion relief roof structure 200 and protects the surrounding facilities and personnel from associated damage.

[0102] In terms of economic benefits, the hierarchical explosion relief part protects the structural safety of the warehouse body structure through its own destruction. After the danger occurs, production can be quickly restored after inspection and repair of the hierarchical explosion relief part. This not only reduces the economic loss of the structure of the warehouse body itself, but also avoids the damage of the surrounding facilities, reduces the overall economic loss, and improves the repair efficiency and the operation efficiency of the enterprise.

[0103] In summary, the present invention significantly improves the safety and reliability of the explosion-proof warehouse and provides better protection for the enterprise and the surrounding environment.

[0104] In the embodiment of the present invention, a usage method of the hierarchical explosion relief warehouse is also provided, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0105] When a danger occurs, trigger the smoke detector 308 and start the camera 309 to track the abnormal point.

[0106] When the storage warehouse is normal, use the gas suction and spraying device 310 to spray fresh air for ventilation to reduce the dust concentration in the storage cavity.

[0107] When the smoke detector 308 alarms, use the camera 309 for tracking and positioning, start the water spray fire extinguisher 311 and start the gas suction and spraying device 310 to spray nitrogen, so as to effectively control the danger.

[0108] Once the dangerous situation fails to be effectively controlled, when the explosion pressure reaches the first pressure value, the first explosion relief structure 300 is activated, the rainproof cap 301 is lifted by the explosion pressure, and primary pressure relief is achieved by using the pressure relief hole 305, and the light sensor alarm 304 is activated to give an alarm. When the dangerous situation is effectively controlled and the warehouse is not substantially damaged, check and repair the first explosion relief structure 300 and the second explosion relief structure 400.

[0109] Once the dangerous situation fails to be effectively controlled, when the explosion pressure reaches the second pressure value, the second explosion relief structure 400 is activated, the first one-way biting section on the explosion relief long neck bolt structure 403 is broken by the explosion pressure, causing the explosion relief plate 402 to move outwards for secondary pressure relief. When the dangerous situation is effectively controlled and the warehouse is not substantially damaged, check and repair the first explosion relief structure 300 and the second explosion relief structure 400.

[0110] Once the dangerous situation fails to be effectively controlled, when the explosion pressure reaches the third pressure value, the third explosion relief structure 500 is activated, the explosion relief bolt 510 between the explosion relief roof structure 200 and the explosion-proof column 110 is broken by the explosion pressure, causing the explosion relief roof structure 200 to be lifted, thus achieving tertiary pressure relief.

[0111] When the pressure relief bolt is broken, the explosion relief roof structure 200 is not damaged, and the warehouse is not substantially damaged, check and repair the first explosion relief structure 300, the second explosion relief structure 400, and the third explosion relief structure 500.

[0112] When the pressure relief bolt is broken, the explosion relief roof structure 200 is damaged, and the warehouse is not substantially damaged, check and repair the first explosion relief structure 300, the second explosion relief structure 400, and the explosion relief roof structure 200.

[0113] When the pressure relief bolt is broken, the explosion relief roof structure 200 is damaged, and the warehouse is substantially damaged, the accident is the most serious at this time, and personnel casualties are likely to occur. It is necessary to conduct a comprehensive inspection and repair of the classified explosion relief warehouse.

[0114] All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term "consisting essentially of" describing a combination shall include the identified elements, ingredients, components or steps and other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel features of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe the combinations of elements, ingredients, components or steps herein also contemplates embodiments consisting essentially of these elements, ingredients, components or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended that any of the attributes described as "may" include are optional. A plurality of elements, ingredients, components or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, ingredient, component or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, ingredient, component or step can be divided into separate multiple elements, ingredients, components or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, component or step does not mean to exclude other elements, ingredients, components or steps.

[0115] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. It is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A graded explosion-proof warehouse, characterized in that: include: A silo body, the silo body comprising a storage cavity for accommodating materials; An explosion-proof roof structure, wherein the explosion-proof roof structure is liftably arranged on the warehouse body, and when the explosion-proof roof structure and the warehouse body are in a separated state, a pressure relief gap can be formed between the explosion-proof roof structure and the warehouse body; a first explosion relief structure, the first explosion relief structure being arranged on the explosion relief roof structure, and the first explosion relief structure being capable of venting explosions and discharging pressure when the pressure of the storage chamber reaches a first pressure value; a second explosion relief structure, the second explosion relief structure being arranged on the explosion relief roof structure, the second explosion relief structure being capable of venting explosions and discharging pressure when the pressure of the storage chamber reaches a second pressure value, the second pressure value being greater than the first pressure value; A third explosion relief structure, wherein the third explosion relief structure connects the warehouse body and the explosion relief roof structure, and the third explosion relief structure can be disconnected to release the explosion relief roof structure when the pressure in the storage chamber reaches a third pressure value, and the third pressure value is greater than the second pressure value.

2. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof roof structure includes a roof mounting frame and a cover body arranged on the roof mounting frame. The roof mounting frame is liftably arranged on the warehouse body. The roof mounting frame is provided with the second explosion-proof structure, and the cover body is provided with the first explosion-proof structure.

3. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first explosion relief structure includes an explosion relief cylinder body arranged on the roof mounting frame, and a pressure relief hole arranged on the explosion relief cylinder body, the explosion relief cylinder body is connected to the storage cavity, and the pressure relief hole is arranged outside the storage cavity.

4. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first explosion-relief structure also includes a rain cap, which is slidably disposed on the explosion-relief cylinder. When the pressure in the storage chamber does not reach a first pressure value, the rain cap falls by its own weight and covers the pressure relief hole. When the pressure in the storage chamber reaches a first pressure value, the rain cap slides upward along the explosion-relief cylinder under the action of pressure to open the pressure relief hole.

5. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first explosion-relief structure also includes a first stopping structure arranged between the explosion-relief cylinder and the rain cap, the first stopping structure includes a first limiting portion arranged on the top of the explosion-relief cylinder, and a second limiting portion arranged on the bottom of the rain cap, along the movement direction of the rain cap, the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion can be connected in a limiting manner to prevent the rain cap from separating from the explosion-relief cylinder.

6. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first explosion relief structure further includes a light-sensing alarm device disposed between the rainproof cap and the explosion relief cylinder, and the light-sensing alarm device is used to output an alarm signal based on the relative position between the rainproof cap and the explosion relief cylinder.

7. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first explosion relief structure also includes a smoke alarm, which is arranged in the storage chamber for monitoring smoke; the first explosion relief structure also includes a dust concentration monitor, which is arranged in the storage chamber for monitoring dust concentration; and / or, the first explosion relief structure also includes a camera module, which is arranged in the storage chamber for tracking the ignition point; and / or, the first explosion relief structure also includes a gas suction sprayer, which is arranged in the storage chamber for sucking smoke and dust or spraying inert gas for fire extinguishing; and / or, the first explosion relief structure also includes a water sprinkler fire extinguisher, which is arranged in the storage chamber for spraying fire extinguishing.

8. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The explosion-proof cylinder body is provided with a mounting ear seat, and the explosion-proof cylinder body is connected to the explosion-proof roof structure through the mounting ear seat; the bottom of the explosion-proof cylinder body is provided with a disk body, and the disk body is placed in the storage cavity, and one or more of the smoke alarm, the camera module, the gas suction sprayer and the water sprinkler fire extinguisher are arranged on the disk body.

9. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first explosion relief structure includes a control module, the camera module and the water sprinkler fire extinguisher. The control module is electrically connected to the camera module and the water sprinkler fire extinguisher. The control module is used to control the water sprinkler fire extinguisher to automatically track the ignition point based on the ignition point coordinates fed back by the camera module.

10. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple first explosion relief structures, and the multiple first explosion relief structures are arranged at intervals on the explosion relief roof structure.

11. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure relief belt is provided on the roof mounting frame, and the second explosion relief structure includes an explosion relief plate covered on the pressure relief belt, and a plurality of explosion relief long neck bolt structures connecting the roof mounting frame and the explosion relief plate, and when the pressure in the storage chamber reaches a second pressure value, the explosion relief long neck bolt structure is displaced to release the explosion relief plate.

12. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 11, characterized in that: The explosion-proof long-necked bolt structure includes a long-necked screw and a fixing nut, wherein the fixing nut is arranged on the explosion-proof plate, the long-necked screw is connected to the fixing nut, and the roof mounting frame is provided with a mounting hole for the long-necked screw to pass through, and a one-way biting structure for providing resistance is provided between the mounting hole and the long-necked screw.

13. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 12, characterized in that: The explosion-proof long-neck bolt structure also includes a movable nut arranged on the long-neck screw rod, and the movable nut is arranged on both sides of the mounting hole opposite to the fixed nut. The movable nut is used to prevent the explosion-proof long-neck bolt structure and the explosion-proof plate from detaching from the roof mounting frame.

14. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 13, characterized in that: The movable nut is a self-locking nut, and a conical reducer and a screw limiter are arranged at the rear end of the conical reducer on the side of the movable nut facing the mounting hole. The screw limiter can form an axial limit with the mounting hole.

15. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 14, characterized in that: The long-necked screw rod is also provided with an eye bolt, and the eye bolt and the mounting hole are arranged on two sides of the movable nut opposite to each other.

16. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The warehouse body includes an explosion-proof wall and a plurality of explosion-proof columns spaced apart in the explosion-proof wall, the explosion-proof column includes a guide section protruding from the explosion-proof wall, a sliding interface corresponding to the guide section is provided on the roof mounting frame, and the roof mounting frame is liftably connected to the guide section via the sliding interface.

17. The graded explosion-proof warehouse according to claim 16, characterized in that: The third explosion relief structure includes a plurality of explosion relief bolts for connecting the roof mounting frame and the explosion-proof wall. When the pressure of the storage chamber reaches a third pressure value, the explosion relief bolts are disconnected to release the explosion relief roof structure.

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