Heavy oil pretreatment equipment for heavy oil detection and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heavy oil detection, and particularly discloses heavy oil pretreatment equipment for heavy oil detection and a treatment method of the heavy oil pretreatment equipment. A muffle furnace is mounted on one side of the top end of the detection table, a combustion mechanism is mounted at the top end of the muffle furnace, a stirring mechanism is mounted at the top end of the combustion mechanism, a smoke exhaust mechanism is mounted at one end of the muffle furnace, and an atomic absorption spectrometer is mounted on the other side of the top end of the detection table; the combustion mechanism comprises an isolation plate, a positioning groove, a nickel crucible, an electric furnace, an adjusting groove and a storage groove; according to the method, the heavy oil sample in the nickel crucible is ignited to be primarily combusted, then the combusted sample can be further combusted and ashed through the muffle furnace, the ashed sample is extracted through the electric furnace, and finally, the content of sodium ions can be determined by utilizing the atomic absorption spectrometer, so that interference of organic matters in the sample on determination is avoided, and the determination accuracy is improved. And the accuracy and authenticity of sodium ion determination are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of heavy oil detection, and particularly relates to a heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection and a treatment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the coal-based Fischer-Tropsch olefin process, the heavy oil after cutting and separation is used as the raw material for the hydrofining section. Its gas chromatography detection shows that it contains 43.92% C5-C9 alkenes and alkanes and 56.08% C9-C27 alkenes and alkanes, with a total of 160 peaks. Therefore, this heavy oil is a mixture of alkenes and alkanes. According to the production raw materials and process, it can be known that this heavy oil contains a certain amount of sodium ions. The content of sodium ions will have a serious impact on the catalyst in the hydrofining section, causing the catalyst to deactivate. In order to accurately control the sodium ions within the allowable range, it is necessary to accurately measure the content of sodium ions.

[0003] The existing method for determining the sodium ion content in coal-based Fischer-Tropsch heavy oil is the water washing method. By adding deionized water to the sample, after shaking and extraction, the atomic absorption spectrometry is used to measure the sodium ion content in the water. The existing technology is applicable to the determination of sodium ion content in oils with fewer carbon atoms such as gasoline. Since the coal-based Fischer-Tropsch heavy oil contains more than 40 carbon atoms, most of them are normal alkanes and prone to form wax layers. Therefore, the existing water washing method cannot completely extract the sodium ions in the coal-based Fischer-Tropsch heavy oil, resulting in a low measurement result and unstable data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection and a treatment method thereof, which uses the combustion method to completely remove the organic matter in the sample and achieve the complete extraction of sodium ions, so as to solve the problem that the water washing method cannot completely extract sodium ions from coal-based Fischer-Tropsch heavy oil.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection, comprising:

[0007] A detection table;

[0008] One side of the top of the detection table is equipped with a muffle furnace, the top of the muffle furnace is equipped with a combustion mechanism, the top of the combustion mechanism is equipped with a stirring mechanism, one end of the muffle furnace is equipped with an exhaust mechanism, and the other side of the top of the detection table is equipped with an atomic absorption spectrometer;

[0009] The combustion mechanism includes a partition board, a positioning groove, a nickel crucible, an electric furnace, an adjustment groove, and a storage groove. The partition board is installed at the top of the muffle furnace. The positioning groove is opened on one side of the top of the partition board. The nickel crucible is placed inside the positioning groove. The electric furnace is installed on the other side of the top of the partition board. There are two adjustment grooves, and the two adjustment grooves are respectively opened on both sides of the top of the partition board. The storage groove is opened between the inner walls of the two adjustment grooves.

[0010] Preferably, three storage boxes are installed at the bottom of the detection table, a controller is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the detection table, a furnace door is installed on the outer wall of the muffle furnace through a hinge, and a heating cavity is arranged inside the muffle furnace.

[0011] Preferably, adjustment screws are installed between the inner walls on both sides of the two storage grooves through bearings. Adjustment blocks are installed on the outer surfaces of the two adjustment screws. Single belt pulleys are installed on one side of the outer surfaces of the two adjustment screws. A double belt pulley is installed between the inner walls on both sides of the storage groove through a bearing. Belt bodies are installed between the double belt pulley and the two single belt pulleys. A driver is installed at one end of the partition board.

[0012] Preferably, the driver, the electric furnace, the muffle furnace, and the atomic absorption spectrometer are all electrically connected to the controller, and both the adjustment block and the adjustment groove can be set as a cross-shaped structure.

[0013] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a support frame, a limiting groove, an electric telescopic rod, a stirrer, and a limiting frame. The support frame is installed at the top of the adjustment block. There are two limiting grooves and two limiting frames. The two limiting grooves are respectively opened on the upper parts of the inner walls on both sides of the support frame. The electric telescopic rod is installed at the top of the support frame. The stirrer is installed at the bottom of the electric telescopic rod. The two limiting frames are respectively installed on the outer walls on both sides of the stirrer.

[0014] Preferably, the stirrer includes an adjustment frame, a driving motor, a stirring rod, and stirring blades. The adjustment frame is installed at the bottom of the electric telescopic rod. The driving motor is installed between the inner walls on both sides of the adjustment frame. The stirring rod is installed at the bottom of the adjustment frame through a bearing. There are three stirring blades, and the three stirring blades are all installed on the lower part of the outer surface of the stirring rod.

[0015] Preferably, the driving motor and the electric telescopic rod are both electrically connected to the controller. The stirring blade is set as an L-shaped structure, and the limiting frame is set as a dry-shaped structure.

[0016] Preferably, the smoke exhaust mechanism includes a purification box, an exhaust pump, a smoke conveying pipe, a smoke extraction pipe and a smoke exhaust hood, the purification box is installed at one end of the muffle furnace, the exhaust pump is installed at the top of the purification box, the smoke conveying pipe is installed at the top of the exhaust pump, the smoke extraction pipe is installed at one end of the smoke conveying pipe, and the smoke extraction pipe is installed at the bottom end of the adjusting frame, the smoke exhaust hood is installed at the other end of the smoke conveying pipe, and the smoke exhaust hood is installed on the outer wall of the isolation plate.

[0017] Preferably, the vacuum pump is electrically connected to the controller, the connecting pipe between the smoke delivery pipe and the smoke extraction pipe is configured as a folding structure, the smoke extraction pipe is configured as an annular structure, and the bottom end surface of the smoke exhaust hood is higher than the top end surface of the furnace door.

[0018] A processing method of a heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1, burning sample: take an appropriate coal-based Fischer-Tropsch heavy oil sample and place it in a nickel crucible, and use ash-free filter paper as a fuse to ignite it. After the coal-based Fischer-Tropsch heavy oil is burned out, put the nickel crucible into the heating chamber of the muffle furnace, and bake the burned coal-based Fischer-Tropsch heavy oil at a temperature of 500-550°C to ash the organic matter in the sample;

[0020] Step 2, heating extraction: the cooled nickel crucible is taken out from the heating chamber and placed on an electric furnace, and then high-purity water is added to the nickel crucible, and the electric furnace is used to heat and extract it. After the extract is obtained, it is detected and analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrometer, which improves the accuracy of the sodium ion determination in the sample;

[0021] Step 3, stirring the sample: during the process of burning or extracting the sample, start the electric telescopic rod to push the stirrer downward, extend the stirring rod and the stirring blade into the nickel crucible, and then drive the stirring rod to rotate through the driving motor to stir the sample in the nickel crucible, so that the sample can be fully burned or extracted;

[0022] Step 4: Combustion and smoke exhaust: During the combustion of coal-based Feto heavy oil samples, the vacuum pump can be started to generate suction in the smoke pipe and the smoke exhaust hood, which can suck away the large amount of smoke generated by the sample during the combustion process and input the smoke into the purification box for purification treatment to protect the experimental environment and personnel health.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The present invention sets a combustion mechanism at the top of the muffle furnace, and the heavy oil sample in the nickel crucible can be preliminarily burned by igniting it, and then the burned sample can be further burned and ashed by the muffle furnace, and then the ashed sample is extracted by an electric furnace, and finally the sodium ion content can be determined by an atomic absorption spectrometer, thereby avoiding the interference of organic matter in the sample on the determination, and ensuring the accuracy and authenticity of the sodium ion determination.

[0025] (2) The present invention provides a stirring mechanism at the top of the combustion mechanism. When burning or extracting a sample, the electric telescopic rod extends to push the stirrer into the nickel crucible. Subsequently, the stirrer can stir the sample in the nickel crucible, enabling the sample in the nickel crucible to be fully burned or extracted, thereby improving the extraction efficiency of sodium ions.

[0026] (3) The present invention provides an exhaust mechanism on the outer surface of the muffle furnace. After starting the air pump, both the smoke extraction pipe and the smoke exhaust hood generate suction. The smoke extraction pipe can extract the smoke generated during the combustion of the sample in the nickel crucible, and the smoke exhaust hood can extract the smoke generated during the combustion of the sample in the muffle furnace. Subsequently, the smoke is input into the purification box for purification treatment, thereby improving the experimental environment and protecting the health of the experimental personnel. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is an open perspective view of the muffle furnace of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the combustion mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the partition board of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is the present invention Figure 4 magnified view of A in;

[0032] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the stirring mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the stirrer of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the exhaust mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] In the figure: 1, detection table; 2, muffle furnace; 3, combustion mechanism; 4, stirring mechanism; 5, exhaust mechanism; 6, atomic absorption spectrometer; 7, storage box; 8, controller; 9, furnace door; 10, heating chamber;

[0036] 31, partition board; 32, positioning groove; 33, nickel crucible; 34, electric furnace; 35, adjustment groove; 36, storage groove; 37, adjustment screw; 38, adjustment block; 39, single pulley; 310, double pulley; 311, belt body; 312, driver;

[0037] 41, support frame; 42, limit groove; 43, electric telescopic rod; 44, stirrer; 45, limit frame;

[0038] 441. Adjusting frame; 442. Driving motor; 443. Stirring rod; 444. Stirring blade;

[0039] 51. Purification box; 52. Air extraction pump; 53. Smoke transmission pipe; 54. Smoking pipe; 55. Smoke exhaust hood. Detailed implementation manner

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the figure, a heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection includes:

[0043] Detection table 1;

[0044] On one side of the top of the detection table 1, a muffle furnace 2 is installed. On the top of the muffle furnace 2, a combustion mechanism 3 is installed. On the top of the combustion mechanism 3, a stirring mechanism 4 is installed. On one end of the muffle furnace 2, a smoke exhaust mechanism 5 is installed. On the other side of the top of the detection table 1, an atomic absorption spectrometer 6 is installed;

[0045] The combustion mechanism 3 includes a partition plate 31, a positioning groove 32, a nickel crucible 33, an electric furnace 34, an adjustment groove 35 and a storage groove 36. The partition plate 31 is installed on the top of the muffle furnace 2. The positioning groove 32 is opened on one side of the top of the partition plate 31. The nickel crucible 33 is placed inside the positioning groove 32. The electric furnace 34 is installed on the other side of the top of the partition plate 31. There are two adjustment grooves 35, and the two adjustment grooves 35 are respectively opened on both sides of the top of the partition plate 31. The storage groove 36 is opened between the inner walls of the two adjustment grooves 35.

[0046] It can be seen from Figures 1 to 5 that three storage boxes 7 are installed at the bottom of the detection table 1. A controller 8 is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the detection table 1. The outer wall of the muffle furnace 2 is installed with a furnace door 9 through a hinge. A heating cavity 10 is arranged inside the muffle furnace 2;

[0047] Adjusting screws 37 are installed between the inner walls on both sides of the two storage grooves 36 through bearings. Adjusting blocks 38 are installed on the outer surfaces of the two adjusting screws 37. Single belt pulleys 39 are installed on one side of the outer surfaces of the two adjusting screws 37. Double belt pulleys 310 are installed between the inner walls on both sides of the storage groove 36 through bearings. Belt bodies 311 are installed between the double belt pulleys 310 and the two single belt pulleys 39. One end of the partition plate 31 is installed with a driver 312.

[0048] As can be seen from the above, first, place the nickel crucible 33 in the positioning groove 32, then take an appropriate amount of coal-based FT heavy oil sample and place it in the nickel crucible 33, and use ashless filter paper as an ignition material to ignite it. During the combustion process, stir the heavy oil sample through the stirring mechanism 4 to make it burn fully. After the coal-based FT heavy oil burns out, open the furnace door 9 and put the nickel crucible 33 into the heating chamber 10 of the muffle furnace 2, and bake the burned-out coal-based FT heavy oil at 500 - 550 °C to completely ash the organic matter in the heavy oil sample. Then take out the nickel crucible 33 from the muffle furnace 2 and cool it at room temperature. Subsequently, place the cooled nickel crucible 33 on the electric furnace 34, and add 10 mL of high-purity water to it, then the electric furnace 34 can be used to heat and extract it. A small amount of water can be added during this period to prevent it from drying out. During the process of extracting the heavy oil sample, the driver 312 starts to drive the double belt pulley 310 to rotate, and then through the synchronous transmission of the belt body 311, the two single belt pulleys 39 drive the two adjusting screws 37 to rotate respectively. Furthermore, the two adjusting blocks 38 jointly drive the stirring mechanism 4 to move to the right, and the stirrer 44 can be moved directly above the electric furnace 34 to stir the sample during the extraction process to make the sample extraction sufficient. Finally, 2 - 3 ml of extraction solution remains at the bottom of the nickel crucible 33. After cooling, transfer it to a 50 mL plastic volumetric flask, add 2 mL of 1 g / 100 mL CsCl (cesium chloride) solution, and then make up the volume to the calibration line with high-purity water as the sample to be measured, and measure the extraction solution through the atomic absorption spectrometer 6. In summary, when using the combustion method to determine the sodium ion content in the coal-based FT heavy oil sample, the organic matter in the sample can be completely removed. The remaining residue is boiled and extracted with water again, and the sodium ions in the residue can be completely extracted, thus avoiding the interference of organic matter on the determination, fundamentally solving the problems of incomplete extraction of sodium ions by the existing water washing method and wax formation of heavy oil on extraction, and then ensuring the accuracy and authenticity of sodium ion determination.

[0049] Specifically, refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the driver 312, the electric furnace 34, the muffle furnace 2, and the atomic absorption spectrometer 6 are all electrically connected to the controller 8. Both the adjusting block 38 and the adjusting groove 35 can be set as cross-shaped structures.

[0050] As described above, the controller 8 can control the startup, stop, and adjustment of the operating parameters of the driver 312, the electric furnace 34, the muffle furnace 2, and the atomic absorption spectrometer 6, realizing the automatic control of the entire system. The cross-shaped structure enables the adjustment block 38 and the adjustment slot 35 to achieve more precise positioning and adjustment when cooperating with each other, improving the stability and precision of the equipment.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the stirring mechanism 4 includes a support frame 41, a limit groove 42, an electric telescopic rod 43, a stirrer 44, and a limit frame 45. The support frame 41 is installed at the top of the adjustment block 38. There are two limit grooves 42 and two limit frames 45. The two limit grooves 42 are respectively opened at the upper parts of the inner walls on both sides of the support frame 41. The electric telescopic rod 43 is installed at the top of the support frame 41. The stirrer 44 is installed at the bottom of the electric telescopic rod 43. The two limit frames 45 are respectively installed on the outer walls on both sides of the stirrer 44.

[0053] The stirrer 44 includes an adjustment frame 441, a driving motor 442, a stirring rod 443, and stirring blades 444. The adjustment frame 441 is installed at the bottom of the electric telescopic rod 43. The driving motor 442 is installed between the inner walls on both sides of the adjustment frame 441. The stirring rod 443 is installed at the bottom of the adjustment frame 441 through a bearing. There are three stirring blades 444, and the three stirring blades 444 are all installed on the lower part of the outer surface of the stirring rod 443.

[0054] As described above, when burning or extracting a coal-based FT heavy oil sample, the controller 8 can sequentially control the electric telescopic rod 43 and the driving motor 442 to start. The electric telescopic rod 43 extends, pushing the adjustment frame 441 to move downward. At the same time, under the sliding limit action of the limit frame 45 and the limit groove 42, the movement process is more stable, and then it can stably push the stirrer 44 into the nickel crucible 33. Subsequently, the driving motor 442 drives the stirring rod 443 to rotate, causing the three stirring blades 444 to rotate together to stir the sample in the nickel crucible 33. In this way, the sample in the nickel crucible 33 can be fully processed during the burning or extraction process, thereby improving the extraction efficiency of sodium ions.

[0055] Preferably, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, both the driving motor 442 and the electric telescopic rod 43 are electrically connected to the controller 8. The stirring blade 444 is set as an L-shaped structure, and the limit frame 45 is set as a dry-shaped structure.

[0056] As can be seen from the above, the controller 8 can control the rotation speed and direction of the drive motor 442, as well as the telescopic movement of the electric telescopic rod 43, so as to achieve precise control of the stirring mechanism 4. The L-shaped stirring blade 444 can generate stronger eddy currents and shear forces during the stirring process, enabling the sample to be more fully mixed and stirred, improving the processing efficiency. The dry-shaped limiting frame 45 will not detach when sliding in the limiting groove 42, improving the stability.

[0057] Embodiment Three:

[0058] Reference Figure 8 As shown, the smoke exhaust mechanism 5 includes a purification box 51, an air extraction pump 52, a smoke transmission pipe 53, a smoke extraction pipe 54 and a smoke exhaust hood 55. The purification box 51 is installed at one end of the muffle furnace 2, the air extraction pump 52 is installed at the top of the purification box 51, the smoke transmission pipe 53 is installed at the top of the air extraction pump 52, the smoke extraction pipe 54 is installed at one end of the smoke transmission pipe 53, and the smoke extraction pipe 54 is installed at the bottom end of the adjustment frame 441. The smoke exhaust hood 55 is installed at the other end of the smoke transmission pipe 53, and the smoke exhaust hood 55 is installed on the outer wall of the partition plate 31.

[0059] As can be seen from the above, during the combustion and ashing process of the coal-based F-T heavy oil sample, the controller 8 can control the air extraction pump 52 to start. Through the connection of the smoke transmission pipe 53, the smoke extraction pipe 54 and the smoke exhaust hood 55 both generate suction. The annular smoke extraction pipe 54 can fully extract the smoke generated when the sample in the nickel crucible 33 burns. The folding pipe design on the smoke transmission pipe 53 enables the smoke extraction pipe 54 to move together with the movement of the adjustment frame 441. The smoke exhaust hood 55 located at the furnace door 9 can extract the smoke generated when the muffle furnace 2 burns the sample. The smoke extracted by the smoke extraction pipe 54 and the smoke exhaust hood 55 is input into the purification box 51 through the smoke transmission pipe 53 for purification treatment, ensuring that the discharged waste gas meets the requirements of environmental protection regulations, avoiding penalties due to illegal emissions, and thus also improving the experimental environment and protecting the health of experimental personnel.

[0060] Preferably, as shown in Figure 8 the air extraction pump 52 is electrically connected to the controller 8. The connection pipe between the smoke transmission pipe 53 and the smoke extraction pipe 54 is set as a folding structure. The smoke extraction pipe 54 is set as an annular structure. The bottom end surface of the smoke exhaust hood 55 is higher than the top end surface of the furnace door 9.

[0061] As can be seen from the above, the controller 8 can control the start and stop of the air extraction pump 52 and adjust its air extraction volume. The folding structure on the smoke transmission pipe 53 can be easily telescoped and bent to adapt to the smoking requirements at different positions and angles, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the equipment. The annular smoke extraction pipe 54 can more comprehensively cover the combustion area, improving the smoking efficiency, and ensuring that the smoke exhaust hood 55 will not interfere with the furnace door 9 when the furnace door 9 is opened to take and place the sample.

[0062] Embodiment Four:

[0063] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a processing method for a heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1, burning the sample: Take an appropriate coal-based Feituo heavy oil sample and place it in the nickel crucible 33. Use ashless filter paper as a wick to ignite it. After the coal-based Feituo heavy oil burns out, put the nickel crucible 33 into the heating chamber 10 of the muffle furnace 2, and bake the burned-out coal-based Feituo heavy oil at a temperature of 500-550 °C to completely ash the organic matter in the sample;

[0065] Step 2, heating and extraction: Take out the cooled nickel crucible 33 from the heating chamber 10 and place it on the electric furnace 34. Then add high-purity water into the nickel crucible 33, and the electric furnace 34 heats and extracts it. After obtaining the extraction solution, use the atomic absorption spectrometer 6 for detection and analysis, improving the accuracy of sodium ion determination in the sample;

[0066] Step 3, stirring the sample: During the process of burning or extracting the sample, start the electric telescopic rod 43 to push the stirrer 44 downward, so that both the stirring rod 443 and the stirring blade 444 can extend into the nickel crucible 33. Then drive the stirring rod 443 to rotate through the driving motor 442 to stir the sample in the nickel crucible 33, enabling the sample to be fully burned or extracted;

[0067] Step 4, burning and smoke exhaust: During the process of burning the coal-based Feituo heavy oil sample, start the air extraction pump 52 to make both the smoking pipe 54 and the smoke exhaust hood 55 generate suction, so as to suck away a large amount of smoke generated during the burning of the sample and input the smoke into the purification box 51 for purification treatment, protecting the experimental environment and the health of personnel.

[0068] Application example:

[0069] This design is applied to places such as petrochemical laboratories, quality inspection centers, and scientific research institutions that need to determine the sodium ion content of heavy oil samples. In places such as petrochemical laboratories, quality inspection centers, and scientific research institutions that need to determine the sodium ion content of heavy oil samples, since a large number of heavy oil samples usually need to be processed, there are relatively high requirements for the processing efficiency of the samples and the accuracy of the determination results. For example, during the petroleum refining process, it is necessary to regularly conduct quality inspections on heavy oil samples, including the determination of sodium ion content. This design can quickly and accurately complete the pretreatment and determination of the samples, improving the working efficiency of the laboratory. In the quality inspection center, it is necessary to conduct quality inspections on heavy oil products circulating in the market to ensure that the products meet relevant standards. This design can provide reliable sodium ion content determination results and provide strong support for quality inspection. In the research of the petrochemical field, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the composition and properties of heavy oil samples. This design can provide accurate sodium ion content data and provide valuable references for scientific research personnel.

[0070] In this design, the heavy oil sample is burned and ashed through the combustion mechanism 3 and the muffle furnace 2, and then the ashed sample is heated and extracted by the electric furnace 34. Finally, the sodium ion content is measured by the atomic absorption spectrometer 6. During this process, the coal-based Feituo heavy oil is measured by the combustion method, which avoids the interference of organic matter in the sample on the measurement, and can significantly improve the measurement efficiency and accuracy of the sodium ion content in the heavy oil sample. At the same time, the sample is fully stirred during the combustion or extraction process by the stirring mechanism 4 to improve the processing efficiency. In addition, the smoke generated during the combustion process can be extracted and purified by the smoke exhaust mechanism 5 to protect the experimental environment and the health of personnel.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection, characterized in that: include: Testing station (1); A muffle furnace (2) is installed on one side of the top of the detection platform (1), a combustion mechanism (3) is installed on the top of the muffle furnace (2), a stirring mechanism (4) is installed on the top of the combustion mechanism (3), a smoke exhaust mechanism (5) is installed at one end of the muffle furnace (2), and an atomic absorption spectrometer (6) is installed on the other side of the top of the detection platform (1); The combustion mechanism (3) comprises an isolation plate (31), a positioning groove (32), a nickel crucible (33), an electric furnace (34), an adjustment groove (35) and a storage groove (36); the isolation plate (31) is installed at the top of the muffle furnace (2); the positioning groove (32) is opened on one side of the top of the isolation plate (31); the nickel crucible (33) is placed inside the positioning groove (32); the electric furnace (34) is installed on the other side of the top of the isolation plate (31); two adjustment grooves (35) are provided, and the two adjustment grooves (35) are opened on both sides of the top of the isolation plate (31); and the storage groove (36) is opened between the inner walls of the two adjustment grooves (35).

2. A heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three storage boxes (7) are installed at the bottom end of the detection platform (1), a controller (8) is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the detection platform (1), a furnace door (9) is installed on the outer wall of the muffle furnace (2) through hinges, and a heating chamber (10) is arranged inside the muffle furnace (2).

3. A heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: An adjusting screw (37) is installed between the inner walls of both sides of the two receiving grooves (36) through bearings, an adjusting block (38) is installed on the outer surfaces of the two adjusting screws (37), a single pulley (39) is installed on one side of the outer surface of the two adjusting screws (37), a double pulley (310) is installed between the inner walls of both sides of the receiving groove (36) through bearings, a belt body (311) is installed between the double pulley (310) and the two single pulleys (39), and a driver (312) is installed at one end of the isolation plate (31).

4. The heavy oil pretreatment equipment for heavy oil detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driver (312), the electric furnace (34), the muffle furnace (2) and the atomic absorption spectrometer (6) are all electrically connected to the controller (8), and the adjustment block (38) and the adjustment slot (35) can be arranged in a cross-shaped structure.

5. The heavy oil pretreatment equipment for heavy oil detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (4) comprises a support frame (41), a limiting groove (42), an electric telescopic rod (43), an agitator (44) and a limiting frame (45); the support frame (41) is mounted on the top of the adjusting block (38); two limiting grooves (42) and two limiting frames (45) are provided, and the two limiting grooves (42) are respectively opened on the upper parts of the inner walls on both sides of the support frame (41); the electric telescopic rod (43) is mounted on the top of the support frame (41); the agitator (44) is mounted on the bottom end of the electric telescopic rod (43); and the two limiting frames (45) are respectively mounted on the outer walls on both sides of the agitator (44).

6. A heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirrer (44) comprises an adjustment frame (441), a driving motor (442), a stirring rod (443) and a stirring blade (444); the adjustment frame (441) is mounted on the bottom end of the electric telescopic rod (43); the driving motor (442) is mounted between the inner walls on both sides of the adjustment frame (441); the stirring rod (443) is mounted on the bottom end of the adjustment frame (441) via a bearing; three stirring blades (444) are provided, and the three stirring blades (444) are all mounted on the lower part of the outer surface of the stirring rod (443).

7. A heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving motor (442) and the electric telescopic rod (43) are both electrically connected to the controller (8), the stirring blade (444) is configured as an L-shaped structure, and the limiting frame (45) is configured as a stem-shaped structure.

8. The heavy oil pretreatment equipment for heavy oil detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust mechanism (5) comprises a purification box (51), an exhaust pump (52), a smoke delivery pipe (53), a smoke extraction pipe (54) and a smoke exhaust hood (55); the purification box (51) is installed at one end of the muffle furnace (2); the exhaust pump (52) is installed at the top of the purification box (51); the smoke delivery pipe (53) is installed at the top of the exhaust pump (52); the smoke extraction pipe (54) is installed at one end of the smoke delivery pipe (53); and the smoke extraction pipe (54) is installed at the bottom end of the adjustment frame (441); the smoke exhaust hood (55) is installed at the other end of the smoke delivery pipe (53); and the smoke exhaust hood (55) is installed on the outer wall of the isolation plate (31).

9. A heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vacuum pump (52) is electrically connected to the controller (8), the connecting pipe between the smoke conveying pipe (53) and the smoke extraction pipe (54) is arranged as a folding structure, the smoke extraction pipe (54) is arranged as an annular structure, and the bottom end surface of the smoke exhaust hood (55) is higher than the top end surface of the furnace door (9).

10. A method for treating a heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection, applicable to a heavy oil pretreatment device for heavy oil detection according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, burning the sample: take an appropriate coal-based Fischer-Tropsch heavy oil sample and place it in a nickel crucible (33), and use ash-free filter paper as a fuse to ignite it. After the coal-based Fischer-Tropsch heavy oil is burned out, put the nickel crucible (33) into the heating chamber (10) of the muffle furnace (2), and bake the burned coal-based Fischer-Tropsch heavy oil at a temperature of 500-550° C., so that the organic matter in the sample can be ash-free; Step 2, heating extraction: the cooled nickel crucible (33) is taken out from the heating chamber (10) and placed on an electric furnace (34), and then high-purity water is added to the nickel crucible (33), and the electric furnace (34) is used to heat and extract it, and the extracted liquid is detected and analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrometer (6), thereby improving the accuracy of the determination of sodium ions in the sample; Step 3, stirring the sample: during the process of burning or extracting the sample, the electric telescopic rod (43) is started to push the stirrer (44) to move downward, so that the stirring rod (443) and the stirring blade (444) can be extended into the nickel crucible (33), and then the stirring rod (443) is driven by the driving motor (442) to rotate, so that the sample in the nickel crucible (33) can be stirred, so that the sample can be fully burned or extracted; Step 4, combustion and smoke exhaust: During the combustion of the coal-based Feto heavy oil sample, the vacuum pump (52) can be started to generate suction in the smoke exhaust pipe (54) and the smoke exhaust hood (55), thereby sucking away a large amount of smoke generated by the sample during the combustion process, and inputting the smoke into the purification box (51) for purification treatment to protect the experimental environment and personnel health.

Images