Mechatronics logistics unmanned aerial vehicle
Through mechatronic design and integrated battery core and flight control module, the problem of existing logistics drones frequently changing batteries during large cargo or long-distance transportation is solved, and the effect of efficient load transportation and reducing maintenance costs is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510547560.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing logistics drones need to frequently replace batteries or transport them in batches during large cargo or long-distance transportation, which is expensive.
The mechatronic design is adopted, and the main frame of the drone is formed through the plug-in structure between Class A rods and Class B rods, integrating the battery core and flight control module to realize the integration of frame, battery and flight control.
The proportion of payload to takeoff weight has been significantly increased to 40%-80%, reducing power consumption, increasing effective flight time and distance, simplifying the maintenance process and reducing maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120191534A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and in particular to a mechatronic logistics UAV. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent logistics technology, drones are increasingly used in the field of cargo transportation, especially in remote area distribution, emergency material delivery and other scenarios. The core design requirements of logistics drones focus on increasing payload, optimizing maintenance convenience and enhancing scene adaptability, while mechatronics integrated design has become a key technical direction to break through the performance bottleneck of traditional drones.
[0003] As an important part of modern intelligent logistics, logistics drones are widely used in e-commerce distribution, material transportation in remote areas and other scenarios. Existing logistics drones are usually composed of three independent parts: frame, battery system and flight control system: the frame is mostly a pure mechanical structure, made of lightweight composite materials, and only bears the mechanical support function, and needs to be connected to the battery, flight control module and the pod below through an additional structure; the battery system adopts an independent packaging form (such as a lithium battery pack), and about 20% of its weight is metal or polymer packaging materials. This part of the weight is only used for battery protection and does not participate in mechanical support, resulting in fuselage redundancy; the flight control system (including flight control module, motor, blades) is installed on the frame through bolts and other fixings, and the components rely on complex line connections and mechanical adaptation, and the structural integration is low.
[0004] Existing logistics drones are limited by the weight of the independent frame and battery packaging, and the payload accounts for only about 30% of the take-off weight. It is difficult to achieve a breakthrough in transportation efficiency, especially for large cargo or long-distance transportation. Frequent battery replacement or transportation in batches is required, which is costly. Summary of the invention
[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a mechatronic logistics drone, which solves the problem that the existing logistics drones need to frequently replace batteries or transport in batches during the transportation of large goods or long distances, resulting in high costs.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a mechatronic logistics drone, comprising: A plurality of Class A rods, wherein the top, middle and bottom of the Class A rods are respectively provided with plug-in structures for connecting Class B rods; used to connect Class B rods or Class A rods; and the position of the middle plug-in structure can be adjusted along the axial direction; and the Class A rods have encapsulated or unencapsulated battery cells inside; A plurality of B-type rods (2), wherein the top and bottom of the B-type rods are respectively provided with plug-in structures for connecting to A-type rods or B-type rods; and the B-type rods (2) may or may not encapsulate a battery core; A number of motor encapsulation structures, which can be plugged into type A rods and support installation in a vertical axial connection or axial connection manner. An electric motor and an electronic speed control module are encapsulated inside the motor encapsulation structure, and at least one motor encapsulation structure encapsulates a flight control module; the type A rods and type B rods are assembled through a plug-in structure to form the main frame of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, the plug-in structures at the top and bottom of the type A rods achieve rapid connection with the type B rods, forming an integrated rack, replacing the redundant support structure of the traditional independent rack, and reducing the non-functional weight; at least one type A rod encapsulates a flight control module, directly integrating the control module into the mechanical structure, and avoiding the installation bracket and line connection weight of the independent flight control module; the type B rod can selectively encapsulate battery cells, and the battery is directly embedded inside the rod, eliminating the packaging materials of the traditional lithium battery pack, significantly reducing the fuselage weight, and finally achieving an effective payload accounting for 40%-80% of the takeoff weight.
[0008] Preferably, the type A rod includes at least one rod encapsulating battery cells, and when the type B rod encapsulates battery cells inside, the plug-in structure between the type A rod and the type B rod supports the series and parallel connection of the batteries.
[0009] Preferably, the plug-in structure between the type A rod and the type B rod is a sliding locking interface, supporting hot plugging without additional fixing parts.
[0010] Preferably, the main frame of the unmanned aerial vehicle forms two configurations through different connection methods between the type A rod and the type B rod: In the first configuration, the type A rod and the type B rod form a symmetrical frame through the plug-in structures in the middle and at the bottom; In the second configuration, the type A rod and the type A rod form a 4-symmetrical frame through axial expansion connection. This configuration supports connecting the type B rod to form a pod and supports mounting pods of other structures; In the third configuration, the type A rod and the type A rod form a 6-symmetrical frame through axial expansion connection. This configuration supports connecting the type B rod to form a pod and supports mounting pods of other structures; In the fourth configuration, the type A rod and the type A rod form an 8-symmetrical frame through axial expansion connection. This configuration supports connecting the type B rod to form a pod and supports mounting pods of other structures.
[0011] Preferably, the number of type A rods is 4, 6, or 8.
[0012] Preferably, the length of the type B rod can be adjusted, and different volumes of pod spaces are formed by replacing type B rods with different lengths.
[0013] Preferably, the motor encapsulation structure is connected to the type-A rod member by means of plug-in connection, and the number of the motor encapsulation structures is four.
[0014] Preferably, the motor encapsulation structure is connected to the type-A rod member by means of plug-in connection, and the number of the motor encapsulation structures is four.
[0015] Preferably, the cross-sectional shapes of the type-A rod member and the type-B rod member include circular, square, and special-shaped structures.
[0016] Preferably, the payload of the drone accounts for 40%-80% of the takeoff weight.
[0017] Working principle: The main frame is quickly assembled by the type-A rod member and the type-B rod member through a sliding locking plug-in structure to form a symmetric or asymmetric configuration. The type-A rod member is internally provided with a flight control module, and the type-B rod member can be encapsulated with battery cores as required. Both have the functions of mechanical support, energy storage, and control integration, eliminating the redundant structure of traditional drones and increasing the payload ratio to 40%-80%.
[0018] The energy system realizes the free switching of battery series and parallel connections through the plug-in structure, expands the capacity in parallel during heavy loads, and improves the efficiency in series during long distances. Combined with the hot-swap design, the faulty battery rod can be quickly replaced; the power system relies on the detachable motor encapsulation structure, supports the vertical or axial installation of the motor, and flexibly adjusts the thrust direction to adapt to complex scenarios. By replacing the type-B rod members of different lengths, the pod volume can be dynamically adjusted to fit the cargo size, and the octocopter redundant configuration can be expanded by combining the top plug-in interface, improving the stability and load capacity in complex environments.
[0019] The whole machine adopts rod members with circular, square, or special-shaped cross-sections, taking into account the aerodynamic efficiency, structural strength, and function integration. All the rod members are completely interchangeable, enabling non-professionals to replace faulty components within a few minutes, significantly reducing the maintenance cost and downtime. Through the modular and scalable architecture, it dynamically adapts to the diverse needs of logistics scenarios, constructing an efficient, flexible, and reliable drone transportation system.
[0020] The present invention provides a mechatronic logistics drone, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. By designing the main frame of the drone as a mechatronic integrated structure of the type-A rod member and the type-B rod member, the present invention can achieve that the payload ratio in the takeoff weight can reach 40-80%, greatly reducing the power consumption and improving the effective flight time and distance.
[0021] 2. The present invention adopts a sliding locking plug-in interface to realize the hot-swap replacement of the rod members. No tools or additional fixing parts are required. The two types of rod members can be replaced with each other. Once any part is damaged, it can be directly replaced, which is easy to maintain.
[0022] 3. When the lengths of the A-type rods and B-type rods of the present invention are different, different pod spaces can be formed, thus facilitating the loading of goods of different volumes. The drone can be assembled as needed according to the volume of the goods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial structure schematic diagram of the motor encapsulation structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial structure schematic diagram of the A-type rod of the present invention.
[0024] Among them, 1. A-type rod; 2. B-type rod; 3. Motor encapsulation structure; 4. Bottom plug-in structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0025] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 3 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a mechatronic logistics drone, including, Several A-type rods 1, the top, middle and bottom of the A-type rod 1 are respectively provided with plug-in structures for connecting the B-type rod 2 or the A-type rod; and the position of the middle plug-in structure can be adjusted axially; and the inside of the A-type rod is encapsulated or not encapsulated with battery cells; Several B-type rods 2, the top and bottom of the B-type rod are respectively provided with plug-in structures for connecting the A-type rod or the B-type rod; and the inside of the B-type rod 2 is encapsulated or not encapsulated with battery cores; Several motor encapsulation structures 3, the motor encapsulation structure 3 can be plugged into the A-type rod 1, supporting installation in a vertical axial connection or axial connection manner. The motor encapsulation structure internally encapsulates a motor and an electronic speed control module, and at least one motor encapsulation structure internally encapsulates a flight control module; the A-type rod 1 and the B-type rod 2 are assembled through the plug-in structure to form the main frame of the drone.
[0027] Specifically, the Class A rod 1 and the Class B rod 2 not only serve as a mechanical support structure, but also integrate battery cores and flight control modules, achieving the integration of the airframe, battery, and flight control, reducing the redundant packaging and connection structures in traditional drones, and increasing the proportion of payload to takeoff weight to 40%-80%. By directly integrating the battery packaging into the rod interior, the weight of the metal / polymer packaging material of the traditional battery is eliminated, reducing the overall structural burden.
[0028] The drone body is only composed of the Class A rod 1, the Class B rod 2, and the motor encapsulation structure. The two types of rods are completely interchangeable. If a component is damaged, the user only needs to replace the corresponding rod without returning to the factory for repair, greatly reducing the maintenance cost and time. If the Class B rod 2 is damaged, it can be directly pulled out and replaced with a new rod. The plug-in structure supports hot plugging without tools or bonding.
[0029] By adjusting the connection methods of the Class A rod 1 and the Class B rod 2, such as symmetric or asymmetric configurations, and replacing the Class B rod 2 with different lengths, different volume cargo requirements can be quickly adapted. The short Class B rod 2 is suitable for small goods, and the long rod expands the pod space to load large items.
[0030] The plug-in structure supports battery series and parallel connections to optimize power distribution; the top plug-in interface can be expanded to an octocopter configuration to enhance flight stability. During long-distance transportation, the endurance can be improved by paralleling multiple battery rods.
[0031] The motor encapsulation structure 3 supports vertical axial or axial connections, and the thrust direction can be adjusted according to flight requirements to adapt to complex logistics scenarios.
[0032] Please refer to Appendix Figure 1 and Appendix Figure 2 As shown in, the Class A rod 1 includes at least one rod encapsulating a battery core. When the battery core is encapsulated inside the Class B rod 2, the plug-in structure between the Class A rod 1 and the Class B rod 2 supports the series and parallel connections of the battery; the plug-in structure of the Class A rod 1 and the Class B rod 2 is a sliding locking interface, supporting hot plugging without additional fixing parts.
[0033] Specifically, both the Class A rod 1 and the Class B rod 2 can encapsulate battery cores and achieve the series and parallel connections of the battery through the plug-in structure. The battery configuration can be flexibly adjusted according to flight requirements, such as series connection to increase voltage and parallel connection to increase capacity, to adapt to different load or endurance requirements. The battery is directly integrated into the structural rod, eliminating the extra space and weight of the traditional independent battery pack, significantly increasing the payload ratio by 40%-80%. During long-distance transportation tasks, the endurance time can be extended by paralleling multiple battery rods; during high-load tasks, the series configuration can provide greater instantaneous power.
[0034] The plug-in structure supports the plug-and-play of battery rods without the need for additional fixing parts or tools. If a certain battery rod fails or runs out of power, it can be quickly replaced with a spare rod, reducing downtime and eliminating the need for professional technicians to operate, thus achieving the effect of reducing maintenance costs.
[0035] The metal rod with a built-in battery can act as an electromagnetic shielding layer, reducing the risk of the flight control module being interfered with by the outside world. By increasing, decreasing, or adjusting the number and connection method (series / parallel) of battery rods, it can adapt to different mission scenarios. For light-load missions, only some battery rods can be used to reduce weight; for heavy-load missions, all rod positions can be configured with batteries in parallel to expand capacity, and multiple battery rods can be used as backups for each other, and flight safety can still be maintained in case of a single battery failure.
[0036] Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 and the appendix Figure 2 , through different connection methods of Class A rod 1 and Class B rod 2, the main frame of the drone forms two configurations: In the first configuration, Class A rod 1 and Class B rod 2 form a symmetrical frame through the plug-in structures at the middle and bottom; In the second configuration, Class A rod 1 and Class A rod 1 form a 4-symmetrical frame through axial expansion connection. This configuration supports connecting Class B rod 2 to form a pod and also supports mounting pods of other structures.
[0037] In the third configuration, Class A rod 1 and Class A rod 1 form a 6-symmetrical frame through axial expansion connection. This configuration supports connecting Class B rod 2 to form a pod and also supports mounting pods of other structures.
[0038] In the fourth configuration, Class A rod 1 and Class A rod 1 form an 8-symmetrical frame through axial expansion connection. This configuration supports connecting Class B rod 2 to form a pod and also supports mounting pods of other structures.
[0039] Specifically, in the first configuration, through the bottom plug-in structures at the top and bottom of Class A rod 1, Class B rod 2 is symmetrically connected to the upper and lower ends of Class A rod 1, forming a regular and balanced geometric frame structure such as a quadrilateral symmetric layout, which is suitable for the stable transportation of symmetric loads in conventional logistics scenarios.
[0040] In the second configuration, through the axial expansion connection of Class A rod 1 and Class B rod 2, such as unilateral or multi-lateral extension connection, the symmetric structure is broken to form an irregular frame shape, which is suitable for the transportation of asymmetric loads or oversized goods in special logistics scenarios.
[0041] The four types of rods can be completely interchanged. If a certain component is damaged, the user can directly replace the corresponding rod without having to return it to the factory for repair, greatly reducing the maintenance time and cost.
[0042] Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2, the number of Class A rods 1 is 4, 6 or 8; the length of Class B rods 2 can be adjusted, and different pod spaces with different volumes are formed by replacing Class B rods 2 with different lengths; the motor encapsulation structure 3 is connected to Class A rods 1 by plugging, and the number of motor encapsulation structures 3 is 4.
[0043] Specifically, by centrally encapsulating the flight control module in 1 Class A rod 1 and designing the remaining 3 Class A rods 1 as replaceable similar rods without the flight control module, a modular core control architecture is constructed, realizing the centralization of flight control functions and the generalization of mechanical structures. Only 1 Class A rod 1 bears the flight control module, avoiding duplicate configuration of control modules and reducing the weight of redundant electronic components. Combined with the design of integrating battery cores inside the rod, the overall weight of the drone is further reduced, and the proportion of the payload to the takeoff weight is increased to 40%-80%, significantly superior to the 30% payload ratio of traditional drones.
[0044] By using Class B rods 2 with replaceable lengths, a modular pod space adjustment system is constructed, enabling the main frame of the drone to dynamically adjust the internal volume according to the size of the goods and realizing the flexible transportation function.
[0045] Adopting a detachable motor encapsulation structure 3, a flexible assembly interface between the motor and the frame is constructed to realize the quick disassembly, maintenance and layout adjustment of the motor and Class A rods 1, meeting the different requirements of thrust direction and power configuration in different logistics scenarios.
[0046] Please refer to the appendix Figure 2 , the cross-sectional shapes of Class A rods 1 and Class B rods 2 include circular, square and special-shaped structures; the payload of the drone accounts for 40%-80% of the takeoff weight.
[0047] Specifically, through the expandable design of the plug-in structure at the top of Class A rod 1, additional plug-in interfaces are added to the basic four-rotor configuration to support the quick installation of motors and rotors, and an eight-rotor redundant power system is constructed to meet the requirements of flight stability, load capacity and safety in complex logistics scenarios.
[0048] By designing various cross-sectional structures such as circular, square and special-shaped, Class A rods 1 and Class B rods 2 have both mechanical strength, aerodynamic performance and functional adaptability, meeting the different requirements of drone structures in different logistics scenarios.
[0049] Through the mechatronic integrated design of encapsulating battery cores and flight control modules in the rod, redundant structures are eliminated, and the proportion of the payload of the drone to the takeoff weight is increased to 40%-80%, realizing the improvement of logistics transportation efficiency.
[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A mechatronic logistics drone, characterized in that: include, A plurality of type A rods (1), wherein the top, middle and bottom of the type A rods (1) are respectively provided with plug-in structures for connecting to type B rods (2) or type A rods; and the position of the middle plug-in structure can be adjusted along the axial direction; and the inside of the type A rods is a battery cell that is encapsulated or not encapsulated; A plurality of B-type rods (2), wherein the top and bottom of the B-type rods are respectively provided with plug-in structures for connecting to A-type rods or B-type rods; and the B-type rods (2) may or may not encapsulate a battery core; A plurality of motor packaging structures (3), wherein the motor packaging structures (3) can be plugged into the A-type rods (1) and support installation in a vertical axial connection or an axial connection manner, wherein the motor packaging structures encapsulate a motor and an electric control module, and at least one motor packaging structure encapsulates a flight control module; the A-type rods (1) and the B-type rods (2) are assembled through a plug-in structure to form a main frame of a drone.
2. The mechatronic logistics drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A-type rod member (1) comprises at least one rod member for encapsulating a battery core, and when the B-type rod member (2) encapsulates a battery core, the plug-in structure of the A-type rod member (1) and the B-type rod member (2) supports series-parallel connection of batteries.
3. The mechatronic logistics drone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plug-in structure of the type A rod (1) and the type B rod (2) is a sliding locking interface, which supports hot plugging and does not require additional fixing parts.
4. The mechatronic logistics drone according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main frame of the drone forms two configurations through different connection modes of the type A rods (1) and the type B rods (2): In the first configuration, the A-type rods (1) and the B-type rods (2) form a symmetrical frame through the middle and bottom plug-in structures (4); In the second configuration, the A-type rods (1) and the A-type rods (1) are connected by axial extension to form a 4-symmetrical frame. The configuration supports connecting the B-type rods (2) to form a pod and supports mounting a pod of other structures. In the third configuration, the A-type rods (1) and the A-type rods (1) are connected by axial extension to form a 6-symmetrical frame. The configuration supports connecting the B-type rods (2) to form a pod and supports mounting a pod of other structures. In the fourth configuration, the A-type rods (1) and the A-type rods (1) are connected by axial extension to form an 8-symmetrical frame. The configuration supports the connection of the B-type rods (2) to form a pod, and supports the mounting of pods of other structures.
5. The mechatronic logistics drone according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the type A rods (1) is 4, 6 or 8.
6. The mechatronic logistics drone according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the B-type rod (2) is adjustable, and pod spaces of different volumes can be formed by replacing B-type rods (2) of different lengths.
7. The mechatronic logistics drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor packaging structure (3) is connected to the type A rod (1) by plugging, and the number of the motor packaging structures (3) is four.
8. The mechatronic logistics drone according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shapes of the type A rods (1) and the type B rods (2) include circular, square and special-shaped structures.
9. The mechatronic logistics drone according to claim 8, characterized in that: The payload of the UAV accounts for 40%-80% of the take-off weight.