Multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional controllable fault-crossing tunnel seismic response modular test device and method, and the device comprises a modular box model which comprises an upper disc box and a lower disc box, the upper disc box is installed on a vibration table, and the lower disc box is installed on a linear sliding table; the two fault dip angle adjusting systems are arranged, and the two fault dip angle adjusting systems are symmetrically arranged between the upper wall box body and the lower wall box body; the number of the positioning modules is two, and the two positioning modules are detachably arranged on the upper disc box body and the lower disc box body correspondingly; the two ends of the tunnel model are installed on the two sets of positioning modules respectively; the monitoring system is arranged in the tunnel model; and the terminal system is connected with the monitoring system. According to the method, the failure mode evolution law of tunnel linings with different section forms is researched by changing the geometrical morphology of the fault, and a basis is provided for the anti-seismic optimization design of a cross-fault tunnel lining structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of earthquake resistance and fault displacement reduction of underground structures in civil engineering, and particularly to a modular test device and method for seismic response of a cross-fault tunnel with multi-dimensional controllability. Background Art

[0002] The western region of China is located at the collision front of the Eurasian plate and the Indian Ocean plate, and there are 26 major active fault zones such as the Longmenshan fault zone and the Xianshuihe fault zone. Tunnel projects generally face the combined effects of high-intensity ground motion, active fault displacement, and complex terrain, resulting in a doubling of disaster risks such as large deformation of surrounding rocks and lining fractures, bringing great risks and difficulties to tunnel construction. Therefore, carrying out research on the dynamic response of structures of tunnels crossing active faults under earthquakes has important theoretical and engineering significance.

[0003] At the present stage, there are significant deficiencies in the experimental research on the response of tunnels under fault displacement. Most existing devices use slip surfaces at fixed angles or single-direction dynamic input, and cannot dynamically adjust the spatial angle between the fault and the tunnel axis; the flexibility of inclination angle adjustment is limited, and most devices can only adjust the inclination angle in stages through preset modules, making it difficult to achieve continuous inclination angle changes of complex motions in three-dimensional space; the cross-section adaptability is single, and the model box mostly uses standard cross-sections and lacks replaceable molds, and cannot adapt to complex geometric shapes such as horseshoe-shaped and elliptical shapes and geological conditions with different burial depths. Therefore, developing a seismic simulation test device for cross-fault tunnels with controllable angle, adjustable inclination angle, variable cross-section, and multi-field measurable is of great significance for studying the dynamic response mechanism of tunnels under the coupling action of fault displacement and earthquake. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular test device and method for seismic response of a cross-fault tunnel with multi-dimensional controllability to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a modular test device for seismic response of a cross-fault tunnel with multi-dimensional controllability, including: A modular box model, the modular box model includes an upper plate box and a lower plate box, the upper plate box is installed on a shaking table, the lower plate box is installed on a linear slide table, and both the upper plate box and the lower plate box are arc-shaped structures; A fault dip angle adjustment system, two groups of the fault dip angle adjustment systems are provided, and the two groups of the fault dip angle adjustment systems are symmetrically arranged between the upper plate box and the lower plate box, and the upper plate box and the lower plate box are respectively detachably connected to the fault dip angle adjustment system through connection components, and a bathtub-shaped structure is formed by enclosing between the upper plate box, the lower plate box, and the two groups of the fault dip angle adjustment systems; Positioning modules, with two sets of the positioning modules, which are respectively detachably mounted on the upper plate box body and the lower plate box body; Tunnel model, with both ends of the tunnel model respectively mounted on the two sets of positioning modules; Monitoring system, which is arranged inside the tunnel model and used for monitoring the deformation condition of the tunnel model; Terminal system, which is connected to the monitoring system.

[0006] According to the multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device provided by the present invention, the upper plate box body includes: Bottom steel plate I, which is fixed on the shaking table; Side plates I, with two sets of the side plates I, which are symmetrically and vertically fixed on the bottom steel plate I, and the two side plates I are arranged in parallel; Arc steel plates I; there are two sets of the arc steel plates I, which are arranged parallel to each other up and down, with a gap provided between the two sets of arc steel plates I, both sets of arc steel plates I are located between the side plates I, and the arc steel plates I are welded and fixed to the side plates I; Arc concave steel plates I, with several sets of the arc concave steel plates I, which are arranged at equal intervals between the two arc steel plates I.

[0007] According to the multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device provided by the present invention, the lower plate box body includes: Bottom steel plate II, which is fixed on the linear slide table; Side plates II, with two sets of the side plates II, which are symmetrically and vertically fixed on the bottom steel plate II, and the side plates II are respectively arranged in parallel corresponding to the side plates I; Arc steel plates II; there are two sets of the arc steel plates II, which are arranged parallel to each other up and down, with a gap provided between the two sets of arc steel plates II, both sets of arc steel plates II are located between the side plates II, and the arc steel plates II are welded and fixed to the side plates II; Arc concave steel plates II, with several sets of the arc concave steel plates II, which are arranged at equal intervals between the two arc steel plates II.

[0008] According to the multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device provided by the present invention, the fault dip angle adjustment system includes: The first angle module, the first angle module includes two symmetrically arranged first trapezoidal plates, a first cross plate is arranged between the two first trapezoidal plates, and the first cross plate is connected to the bottom steel plate I or the bottom steel plate II through a fixing component; The second angle module, the second angle module includes two groups of second trapezoidal plates, the two groups of second trapezoidal plates are arranged correspondingly, a second cross plate is fixed between the two groups of second trapezoidal plates, and the second cross plate is connected to the bottom steel plate I or the bottom steel plate II through a fixing component; Wherein, the first trapezoidal plate is connected to the side plate I and the second trapezoidal plate through the connecting component, and the second trapezoidal plate is connected to the side plate II through the connecting component; The fixing component includes a concave steel plate, a cover plate, and a fixing bolt. The fixing bolt is located inside the concave steel plate and passes through the bottom of the concave steel plate to be connected to the bottom steel plate I or the bottom steel plate II. The cover plate is installed on the concave steel plate for retaining soil.

[0009] According to the multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device provided by the present invention, the connecting component includes: An installation plate; Padding plates, there are two groups of padding plates, the two groups of padding plates are symmetrically fixed on the installation plate, and sliding grooves are formed on the padding plates; Wherein, connecting plates are respectively installed on the side plate I, the side plate II, the first trapezoidal plate and the second trapezoidal plate, and the connecting plates are detachably connected to the padding plates through high-strength bolts.

[0010] According to the multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device provided by the present invention, the positioning module includes: A support plate, through holes are formed on the support plate, and the shape of the support plate matches the shapes of the arc-shaped concave steel plate I and the arc-shaped concave steel plate II; Steel pipes, the steel pipes are fixedly connected inside the through holes; Hydraulic telescopic arms, there are several groups of hydraulic telescopic arms, and several groups of hydraulic telescopic arms are arranged circumferentially and equidistantly on the steel pipes; Rubber blocks, there are several groups of rubber blocks, and several rubber blocks are respectively fixed at the ends of the hydraulic telescopic arms.

[0011] According to the multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device provided by the present invention, the monitoring system includes: Circumferential cameras, the circumferential cameras are arranged inside the tunnel model.

[0012] According to the multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device provided by the present invention, the arc-shaped concave steel plate I and the arc-shaped concave steel plate II are connected by bolts, and retaining covers are respectively provided in the grooves of the arc-shaped concave steel plate I and the arc-shaped concave steel plate II, and the bolts are located between the retaining covers and the grooves of the arc-shaped concave steel plate II.

[0013] The multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Fix the upper plate box on the vibration table, install the lower plate box on the linear slide, and install the fault inclination adjustment system between the upper plate box and the lower plate box; Step 2: Adjust the position of the positioning module according to the horizontal angle requirements of the tunnel model; Step 3: Pass the tunnel model through the positioning module, keeping the axis of the tunnel model parallel to the bottom surfaces of the upper plate box and the lower plate box; Step 4: Determine the material ratio of the filling soil through the similarity criterion, adopt the method of filling and compacting layer by layer, and control the weight of each layer of mixed soil to make the surrounding rock and soil of the tunnel model close to the on-site situation; at the same time, install the pressure sensor on the outer surface of the lining according to the test design; Step 5: Determine the acceleration and displacement measurement points, arrange the test equipment in the tunnel model, and arrange the monitoring system at both ends of the tunnel and at the internal fault locations. Turn on the vibration table to start the experiment, and record the dynamic response characteristics and damage conditions of the tunnel structure under the earthquake in real time to achieve multi-field measurement of the structural response.

[0014] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: 1) The upper plate box realizes horizontal and vertical seismic wave loading through a shaking table, and the lower plate box simulates fault displacement through a linear slide table. The combination of the two realizes the accurate reconstruction of the three-dimensional spatial relationship between the tunnel and the fault; 2) Two sets of symmetrically arranged inclination adjustment mechanisms allow the fault inclination to be continuously adjusted within a certain range. Combined with the bathtub-shaped enclosure structure, it can simulate various geological modes such as normal faults, reverse faults, and strike-slip faults.

[0015] 3) By changing the fault geometry, the evolution law of the failure mode of the lining of different tunnel sections is studied to provide a basis for the seismic optimization design of the lining structure across the fault.

[0016] 4) Reveal the earthquake damage mechanism of cross-fault tunnels and improve the earthquake-resistant design theory.

[0017] 5) Provide a basis for optimizing tunnel seismic parameters under different geological conditions to reduce disaster risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection component of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning component of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the arc-shaped concave steel plate I of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing component of the present invention.

[0020] Among them, 1. Tunnel model; 2. Bottom steel plate I; 3. Side plate I; 4. Arc steel plate I; 5. Arc-shaped concave steel plate I; 6. Bottom steel plate II; 7. Side plate II; 8. Arc steel plate II; 9. Arc-shaped concave steel plate II; 10. First trapezoidal plate; 11. Second trapezoidal plate; 12. Installation plate; 13. Pad; 14. Chute; 15. High-strength bolt; 16. Support plate; 17. Steel pipe; 18. Hydraulic telescopic arm; 19. Rubber block; 20. Soil retaining cover; 21. Outer shell; 22. Cover plate; 23. Fixing bolt. Specific embodiments

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Refer to Figures 1 - 4, the present invention proposes a test device including a modular box model, a fault dip angle adjustment system, a positioning module, a tunnel model 1, a monitoring system, and a terminal system. The modular box model consists of an upper plate box body on the shaking table and a lower plate box body on the linear slide table. Both are arc-shaped structures and are connected by a symmetrically arranged dip angle adjustment system. The positioning module is detachably installed on the box body and fixes the tunnel model 1. The monitoring system real-time collects tunnel deformation data, and the terminal system performs data processing and analysis.

[0024] Among them, the modular box model adopts a split arc-shaped structure. The upper plate box body is fixed on the shaking table to simulate seismic excitation, and the lower plate box body realizes fault displacement through a linear slide table. The radius of curvature of the arc-shaped structure can be selected according to test requirements and can be constructed with arc-shaped steel plates.

[0025] The fault dip angle adjustment system consists of two groups of symmetrically arranged trapezoidal plate assemblies, and the angle between the fault displacement plane and the horizontal plane is changed by adjusting the trapezoidal plate angle. The connecting assembly is connected by a chute 14 type high-strength bolt 15.

[0026] The positioning module includes a hydraulic telescopic arm 18 adjustment mechanism, and the axis position of the tunnel model 1 is fixed by circumferentially arranged rubber blocks 19. The stroke of the hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted to meet the installation requirements of tunnel models 1 with different diameters.

[0027] The monitoring system uses a circumferential camera network, and 8 - 12 high-definition cameras are arranged inside the tunnel model 1 to capture the dynamic deformation inside the tunnel structure under seismic action. The terminal system integrates an image recognition algorithm to realize real-time monitoring of millimeter-level displacement.

[0028] Specifically, when the test device works, the shaking table generates seismic waves to excite the upper plate box body, and the linear slide table drives the lower plate box body to generate horizontal displacement. The two groups of dip angle adjustment systems form fault sliding surfaces with different dip angles by changing the installation angles of the trapezoidal plates. The tunnel model 1 is fixed in the modular box model through the positioning module, so that it forms a specific spatial angle with the fault zone. The circumferential camera array captures the crack development process of the tunnel lining, and the data is processed by the terminal system to generate a three-dimensional deformation cloud map.

[0029] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention realizes the dynamic adjustment of the angle between the fault dip angle and the tunnel axis in three-dimensional space, and solves the problem that traditional devices cannot simulate compound motion. The modular box structure can adapt to tunnel models 1 with different cross-sectional shapes, and the layered compaction process ensures that the parameters of the surrounding soil are consistent with the on-site working conditions. The multi-channel monitoring system can accurately capture the structural response characteristics under the coupling action of seismic waves and fault displacement, providing reliable test data for tunnel seismic design.

[0030] The present invention further provides a modular test device for multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response, including a modular box model. The modular box model includes an upper plate box. The upper plate box includes a bottom steel plate Ⅰ2, and the bottom steel plate Ⅰ2 is fixed on a shaking table; there are two groups of side plates Ⅰ3, and the two groups of side plates Ⅰ3 are symmetrically and vertically fixed on the bottom steel plate Ⅰ2, and the two side plates Ⅰ3 are arranged in parallel; there are two groups of arc steel plates Ⅰ4, and the two groups of arc steel plates Ⅰ4 are arranged parallel to each other up and down, with a gap between the two groups of arc steel plates Ⅰ4. The two groups of arc steel plates Ⅰ4 are both located between the side plates Ⅰ3, and the arc steel plates Ⅰ4 are fixedly connected to one end of the side plates Ⅰ3; there are several groups of arc concave steel plates Ⅰ5, and the several groups of arc concave steel plates Ⅰ5 are arranged at equal intervals between the two arc steel plates Ⅰ4.

[0031] Among them, the bottom steel plate Ⅰ2 refers to the base that bears the overall structure of the upper plate box. Specifically, it can be welded by steel plates and fixedly connected to the shaking table through high-strength bolts 15 to achieve stable power transmission. The side plate Ⅰ3 refers to the supporting component perpendicular to the bottom steel plate Ⅰ2. Specifically, it can be a rectangular steel plate welded vertically, which is used to limit the lateral displacement of the filled soil body and maintain the stability of the box structure. The arc steel plate Ⅰ4 refers to the component that constitutes the arc outer contour of the upper plate box. Specifically, it can be an arc steel plate arranged parallel to each other up and down, and its curvature radius can be adjusted according to test requirements. A gap is reserved between the two arc steel plates to form an installation space. The arc concave steel plate Ⅰ5 refers to an arc plate with an inner concave structure. Specifically, it can be a modular steel plate distributed at equal intervals. The shape of its groove matches the contour of the retaining cover 20 and is connected to the arc steel plate Ⅰ4 through bolts, which is used to fix the positioning module and simulate the surrounding rock contact surface.

[0032] Specifically, the upper plate box is rigidly connected to the shaking table through the bottom steel plate Ⅰ2. The side plates Ⅰ3 are vertically fixed on both sides of the bottom steel plate Ⅰ2 to form a lateral restraint. The two groups of arc steel plates Ⅰ4 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the side plates Ⅰ3, and an arc outer frame is formed through welding or bolt connection. The arc concave steel plates Ⅰ5 are arranged at equal intervals between the upper and lower arc steel plates Ⅰ4, and the positioning module can be embedded in its groove to fix the tunnel model 1. When filling the soil body, the side plates, arc steel plates, angle modules, and positioning modules should form an integral model box with an upward opening to prevent the lateral loss of the soil body from causing changes in the surrounding rock stress.

[0033] With such a setting, traditional model boxes mostly adopt a fixed cross-section and lack modular design. The side plates and the arc structure are integrally formed, resulting in the inability to adjust the installation angle of the tunnel model 1 or replace different cross-section forms. This solution realizes the rapid adjustment and expansion of the box structure through the detachable arc concave steel plates Ⅰ5 and the modularly arranged side plates Ⅰ3 and arc steel plates Ⅰ4, and can adapt to the test requirements of tunnels with different burial depths and different geometric shapes. In the prior art, lateral deformation is likely to occur when filling the soil body, while the closed structure formed by the side plates Ⅰ3 and the arc steel plates Ⅰ4 in this solution can effectively limit the displacement of the soil body and ensure the accuracy of test data.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, the present invention can flexibly adjust the spatial angle between the tunnel model 1 and the fault zone, and realize the simulation of seismic responses under different dip angle conditions; the closed structure formed by the side plate I 3 and the arc-shaped steel plate I 4 enhances the stiffness of the box body, avoids the influence of lateral soil deformation on the test results, and thus more truly reflects the dynamic response characteristics of the tunnel structure under the coupling action of earthquake and fault dislocation.

[0035] The present invention further proposes that the lower plate box body includes a bottom steel plate II 6, and the bottom steel plate II 6 is fixed on a linear slide; side plates II 7, and there are two groups of side plates II 7, and the two groups of side plates II 7 are symmetrically and vertically fixed on the bottom steel plate II 6, and the side plates II 7 are respectively arranged in parallel corresponding to the side plates I 3; arc-shaped steel plates II 8; there are two groups of arc-shaped steel plates II 8, and the two groups of arc-shaped steel plates II 8 are arranged parallel to each other up and down, there is a gap between the two groups of arc-shaped steel plates II 8, both of the two groups of arc-shaped steel plates II 8 are located between the side plates II 7, and the arc-shaped steel plates II 8 are fixedly connected to one end of the side plates II 7; arc-shaped concave steel plates II 9, and there are several groups of arc-shaped concave steel plates II 9, and the several groups of arc-shaped concave steel plates II 9 are arranged at equal intervals between the two arc-shaped steel plates II 8.

[0036] Among them, the bottom steel plate II 6 refers to a flat component that bears the main structure of the lower plate box body. Specifically, it can be formed by welding Q235 steel, and its bottom is rigidly connected to the linear slide through bolts, providing a stable bearing foundation for the lower plate box body. The side plates II 7 refer to vertical plate components fixed on both sides of the bottom steel plate II 6. Specifically, they can be formed by welding rectangular steel plates to form a symmetrical support structure to ensure the structural stability of the lower plate box body during the sliding process. The arc-shaped steel plates II 8 refer to curved steel plates connected to the ends of the side plates II 7. Specifically, two groups of arc-shaped steel plates can be arranged parallel to each other up and down to form a support frame for fixing the arc-shaped concave steel plates II 9. The arc-shaped concave steel plates II 9 refer to arc-shaped steel plates with grooves on the surface. Specifically, they can be formed by stamping steel plates with grooves and are installed at equal intervals between the two arc-shaped steel plates II 8 through bolts to form a replaceable modular groove structure.

[0037] Specifically, the lower plate box body realizes horizontal displacement control through the rigid connection between the bottom steel plate II 6 and the linear slide, and the symmetrical support frame formed by the side plates II 7 and the arc-shaped steel plates II 8 provides torsional stiffness. When simulating fault dislocation, the linear slide drives the lower plate box body to move along a preset trajectory, and the arc-shaped concave steel plates II 9 and the corresponding arc-shaped concave steel plates I 5 of the upper plate box body cooperate to form a continuously changing surrounding rock contact surface.

[0038] The present invention further provides a multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device, including a fault dip angle adjustment system. The fault dip angle adjustment system includes a first angle module and a second angle module. The first angle module consists of two symmetrically arranged first trapezoidal plates 10. A first cross plate is arranged between the two first trapezoidal plates 10. The first cross plate is connected to the bottom steel plate I 2 or the bottom steel plate II 6 through a fixing component. The second angle module includes two groups of second trapezoidal plates 11. The two groups of second trapezoidal plates 11 are arranged correspondingly and a second cross plate is fixed between them. The second cross plate is connected to the bottom steel plate I 2 or the bottom steel plate II 6 through a fixing component. The first trapezoidal plate 10 is connected to the side plate I 3 and the second trapezoidal plate 11 through a connecting component. The second trapezoidal plate 11 is connected to the side plate II 7 through a connecting component. The fixing component includes a concave steel plate, a cover plate 22, and a fixing bolt 23. The fixing bolt 23 is located inside the concave steel plate and passes through the bottom of the concave steel plate to be connected to the bottom steel plate I 2 or the bottom steel plate II 6. The cover plate 22 is installed on the concave steel plate for retaining soil.

[0039] Among them, the first trapezoidal plate 10 refers to a support plate body with a trapezoidal profile, which can be specifically realized by cutting a steel plate and welding stiffeners, and is used to construct the basic framework for adjusting the fault dip angle. The second trapezoidal plate 11 refers to a support structure symmetrically arranged with the first trapezoidal plate 10, which can be specifically realized by prefabricating templates with different inclination angles, and is used to expand the inclination angle adjustment range. The first cross plate refers to a transverse fixing plate connecting the two first trapezoidal plates 10, which can be specifically realized by anchoring with the bottom steel plate using bolts, and is used to enhance the structural stability. The second cross plate refers to a transverse connecting plate connecting the two second trapezoidal plates 11, which can be designed as a detachable snap structure for facilitating cooperation with boxes of different sizes. The connecting component refers to an interface structure for modular assembly, including a mounting plate 12 with a chute 14 and high-strength bolts 15, to achieve rapid disassembly and assembly between the side plate and the trapezoidal plate.

[0040] Specifically, the first angle module forms a stable support structure through the symmetrical arrangement of the two first trapezoidal plates 10. After its cross plate is fixed to the bottom steel plate, the initial adjustment range of the fault dip angle can be limited. The second trapezoidal plate 11 of the second angle module can change the relative inclination angle with the first trapezoidal plate 10 by adjusting the connection position with the side plate and moving along the chute 14 and then locking. When the two angle modules are used in combination, various fault dip angle states can be combined by adjusting the connection positions.

[0041] With such a setting, the traditional device only uses a single sliding surface or replaces prefabricated modules in stages to adjust the inclination angle, and cannot achieve continuous adjustment of the composite inclination angle in three-dimensional space. However, in this solution, through the trapezoidal plate combination structure of two sets of angle modules, multi-dimensional dynamic adjustment of the fault dip angle is allowed. By adjusting the inclination directions and angles of the two sets of trapezoidal plates, the composite motion modes of fault strike-slip, thrust, or oblique dislocation can be simulated. In addition, the fixing components of the transverse plate and the bottom steel plate can enhance the structural stiffness during the inclination angle adjustment process and avoid the inclination angle deviation caused by vibration during the test.

[0042] Through the above technical solution, the present invention solves the problem of insufficient flexibility in inclination angle adjustment of the existing test device, can achieve continuous dynamic adjustment of the fault dip angle in three-dimensional space, meets the simulation requirements of the spatial angle between the fault and the tunnel axis under different seismic waves, and provides precise and controllable test conditions for studying the influence of composite inclination angle dislocation on the tunnel structure.

[0043] The present invention further proposes that the connection component includes a mounting plate 12, there are two sets of backing plates 13, the two sets of backing plates 13 are symmetrically fixed on the mounting plate 12, a sliding groove 14 is formed on the backing plate 13, connecting plates are respectively installed on the side plate I 3, the side plate II 7, the first trapezoidal plate 10 and the second trapezoidal plate 11, and the connecting plates and the backing plate 13 are detachably connected by high-strength bolts 15.

[0044] Among them, the mounting plate 12 refers to the basic support structure of the connection component, which can be specifically realized by a steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate, and is used to carry the docking of the backing plate 13 and the connecting plate. The backing plate 13 refers to the auxiliary positioning component symmetrically fixed on both sides of the mounting plate 12, and its sliding groove 14 is designed as a long-strip through-hole groove body, allowing the connecting plate to move along the sliding groove 14 to adjust the installation position. The connecting plate refers to the docking component fixed on the edge of the box body side plate and the trapezoidal plate, which can be specifically fixed on the corresponding structure by welding or bolts to ensure the overall connection stiffness. The high-strength bolt 15 refers to a fastener with a tensile strength grade above 8.8, a hexagonal head bolt with a diameter of 12-16 mm, and is used to realize the detachable fixation between the backing plate 13 and the connecting plate.

[0045] Specifically, when it is necessary to adjust the fault dip angle or replace the modular box body, the operator can first loosen the high-strength bolt 15 to make the connecting plate slide along the sliding groove 14 of the backing plate 13 to the target position. When adjusting the fault dip angle, the connecting plates of the first trapezoidal plate 10 and the side plate I 3 can be synchronously locked through the sliding groove 14 to complete the positioning of the fault dip angle. After the positioning is completed, the connecting plate and the backing plate 13 are locked by tightening the bolts to form a rigid connection. This connection method improves the disassembly and assembly efficiency of modules such as the box body and the fault dip angle adjustment system.

[0046] With such a setting, the connecting parts of traditional test devices mostly use welding fixation or single bolt holes, which cannot achieve position adjustment and are time-consuming to disassemble. However, in this solution, through the cooperation of the sliding groove 14 and the bolt, the same set of connection components can adapt to various inclination and displacement requirements, while avoiding the problem of thread damage caused by repeated disassembly and assembly.

[0047] Through the above technical solution, the present invention solves the technical problems of non-adjustable module connection and low disassembly and assembly efficiency in the test device, and realizes the rapid positioning and reliable fixation of the fault dip angle adjustment system and the box structure. The design of the sliding groove 14 enables the connecting plate to dynamically adjust its position during the test. Cooperating with the high-strength bolt 15 ensures the connection stiffness and seismic performance, effectively supporting the continuous simulation requirements of the compound motion in the three-dimensional space. The length of the sliding groove 14 of the sliding groove is the maximum misalignment displacement.

[0048] The present invention further proposes a positioning module, including a support plate 16, a steel pipe 17, a hydraulic telescopic arm 18, and a rubber block 19; through holes are provided on the support plate 16, and the shape of the support plate 16 matches the shapes of the arc-shaped concave steel plate I 5 and the arc-shaped concave steel plate II 9; the steel pipe 17 is fixedly connected in the through hole; several groups of hydraulic telescopic arms 18 are arranged circumferentially and equidistantly on the steel pipe 17; several groups of rubber blocks 19 are provided, and several rubber blocks 19 are respectively fixed at the ends of the hydraulic telescopic arms 18.

[0049] Among them, the support plate 16 refers to a supporting component with through holes, which can be specifically realized by an arc-shaped plate member matching the shape of the arc-shaped concave steel plate, and its through holes are used to fix the steel pipe 17 and ensure that the axis of the tunnel model 1 is parallel to the bottom surface of the box. The steel pipe 17 refers to a rigid tubular structure passing through the through hole of the support plate 16, which can be specifically processed and formed by a metal material, and is used to provide a passage for the tunnel model 1 to pass through and maintain the axis stability. The hydraulic telescopic arm 18 refers to a power execution component with adjustable length, which can be specifically realized by a hydraulic-driven telescopic rod member arranged circumferentially and equidistantly outside the steel pipe 17, and applies a radial clamping force to the tunnel model 1 by adjusting the telescopic length. The rubber block 19 refers to an elastic buffer component, which can be specifically realized by a high-elastic rubber material fixed at the end of the hydraulic telescopic arm 18, and is used to flexibly contact the surface of the tunnel model 1 to prevent damage caused by stress concentration.

[0050] Specifically, the support plate 16 is closely attached to the arc-shaped concave steel plate inside the box body through an arc-shaped contour, ensuring the installation stability of the positioning module on the box body. The steel pipe 17 passes through the through-hole of the support plate 16 and is rigidly fixed to the inner wall of the through-hole, forming a guiding channel through which the tunnel model 1 passes. The hydraulic telescopic arms 18 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the steel pipe 17, and the extension lengths of each telescopic arm are independently adjusted by hydraulic drive, so as to apply clamping forces in different directions to the tunnel model 1 passing through the steel pipe 17. The rubber block 19 covers the end of the hydraulic telescopic arm 18, and absorbs mechanical shocks through elastic deformation during the clamping process, avoiding scratches on the model surface caused by rigid contact. Through the multi-directional independent adjustment ability of the hydraulic telescopic arm 18, this structure can adapt to tunnel models 1 with different diameters and cross-sectional shapes, while maintaining the parallel relationship between the axis and the bottom surface of the box body.

[0051] With such a setting, traditional positioning devices mostly use rigid jigs with fixed apertures, which cannot adapt to tunnel models 1 with different sizes and special-shaped cross-sections, and lack a flexible buffer structure, which is likely to cause damage to the model. This solution uses the circumferentially distributed hydraulic telescopic arms 18 in cooperation with the elastic rubber blocks 19 to not only achieve multi-directionally adjustable clamping and positioning, but also protect the integrity of the model through flexible contact, significantly improving the versatility and test accuracy of the test device.

[0052] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention can accurately control the axis position of the tunnel model 1 with different cross-sectional shapes, effectively prevent mechanical damage during the model installation process, and at the same time achieve multi-dimensional positioning control through the precise adjustment of the hydraulic system, providing a reliable positioning guarantee for the seismic performance test of tunnel structures under complex geological conditions.

[0053] The tunnel model intersects with the faults between the upper plate box body and the lower plate box body, forming an angle. The setting of the positioning module can adaptively adjust this angle value, so as to simulate the tunnel deformation conditions under different angles.

[0054] The present invention further proposes that the monitoring system includes a circumferential camera, and the circumferential camera is arranged inside the tunnel model 1.

[0055] Among them, the circumferential camera refers to a camera device that can move circumferentially along the inner wall of the tunnel or be fixedly installed. Specifically, it can be realized by a 360-degree panoramic camera or an industrial camera with a rotating pan-tilt head. Its lens axis is perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel model 1 and can cover the circumferential area of the inner wall of the tunnel. This device is configured to capture the deformation traces on the inner wall of the tunnel model 1 in real time, and convert the deformation data into three-dimensional displacement through an image processing algorithm.

[0056] Specifically, the circumferential camera is fixed at a preset position inside the tunnel model 1 through an adjustable mounting bracket, and its optical center coincides with the central axis of the tunnel model 1. During the test, the camera continuously captures images of the inner wall of the tunnel at a preset frequency, and the image data is transmitted to the terminal system in real time via cables or wireless transmission. Through image stitching technology, the circumferential images collected by the camera are automatically stitched into a continuously unfolded plane view. Combined with the digital image correlation algorithm, deformation features such as concrete crack expansion and lining dislocation can be accurately identified. When the tunnel model 1 is torsionally deformed by the seismic load, the camera automatically adjusts the shooting angle through the pan-tilt rotation mechanism to ensure that there is no blind spot coverage in the monitoring area.

[0057] With this setup, traditional test equipment usually uses single-point displacement sensors or local patch strain gauges, which can only obtain discrete data at limited locations. The circumferential coverage characteristics of the circumferential camera eliminate the monitoring blind spots and realize the full-domain visualization measurement of the deformation field. In the existing technology, fixed camera equipment cannot capture dynamic torsional deformation due to the limitation of viewing angle. This solution combines the rotating pan-tilt head with image stitching technology to adapt deformation monitoring to three-dimensional spatial movement.

[0058] Through the above technical scheme, the present invention solves the technical problems of discontinuous monitoring of tunnel inner wall deformation and low spatial resolution in traditional experiments, realizes the continuous dynamic capture of the circumferential deformation of the tunnel structure under seismic load, and provides high-precision full-field deformation data for analyzing the evolution law of structural damage under the coupling of fault dislocation and earthquake.

[0059] The present invention further proposes that the arc-shaped concave steel plate Ⅰ5 and the arc-shaped concave steel plate Ⅰ4, and the arc-shaped concave steel plate Ⅱ9 and the arc-shaped concave steel plate Ⅱ8 are respectively connected by bolts, and retaining covers 20 are respectively arranged in the grooves of the arc-shaped concave steel plate Ⅰ5 and the arc-shaped concave steel plate Ⅱ9, and the bolts are located between the retaining covers 20 and the grooves of the arc-shaped concave steel plate Ⅱ9.

[0060] Among them, bolt connection refers to the detachable fixation between steel plates achieved by threaded fasteners, which can be achieved by hexagonal bolts and nuts, and can quickly replace arc-shaped concave steel plates of different shapes according to test requirements. The retaining cover 20 refers to a sealing component covering the opening of the groove, which can be achieved by a rubber plate with a snap-on structure, which can prevent particles from entering the groove during soil filling. The bolts located between the retaining cover 20 and the groove refer to the fasteners being arranged in the closed space formed by the retaining cover 20 and the steel plate groove, which can be achieved by pre-embedded nuts at the bottom of the groove, thereby preventing the soil from contacting the bolts and affecting the disassembly operation.

[0061] Specifically, during the installation process, the arc-shaped concave steel plate Ⅰ5 or Ⅱ is first fixed to the corresponding arc-shaped steel plate Ⅰ4 or Ⅱ by bolts, and then the retaining cover 20 is embedded at the opening of the groove and pressed tightly. During the soil filling stage, the retaining cover 20 and the side wall of the groove form a sealing interface, effectively preventing soil particles from infiltrating into the bolt connection.

[0062] With such a setting, in traditional devices, the arc-shaped steel plate and the concave steel plate are mostly fixed by welding and cannot replace components with different cross-sectional shapes according to test requirements. This solution realizes the rapid switching of cross-sectional forms through detachable bolt connections and the modular design of the retaining cover 20, while avoiding bolt corrosion or difficult disassembly caused by soil intrusion.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, the present invention can adapt to the test requirements of complex tunnel cross-sectional forms such as horseshoe-shaped and oval-shaped, and solve the problem of single cross-sectional adaptability of traditional devices. The cooperative design of the retaining cover 20 and the groove effectively prevents soil leakage, ensures the long-term reliability of the bolt connection structure, and shortens the test preparation cycle.

[0064] The present invention further proposes a multi-dimensional controllable modular test method for the seismic response of cross-fault tunnels, including the following steps: fixing the hanging wall box on the shaking table, installing the footwall box on the linear slide table, and installing the fault dip angle adjustment system between the hanging wall box and the footwall box; adjusting the position of the positioning module according to the horizontal angle requirement of the tunnel model 1; passing the tunnel model 1 through the positioning module, and keeping the axis of the tunnel model 1 parallel to the bottom surfaces of the hanging wall box and the footwall box; determining the material ratio of the filled soil through similarity criteria, adopting the method of layer-by-layer filling and layered compaction, and controlling the weight of each layer of mixed soil to make the surrounding soil of the tunnel model 1 close to the in-situ situation. At the same time, burying pressure sensors into the surrounding soil according to the test design; determining the acceleration and displacement measurement points, arranging test devices in the tunnel model 1, and arranging monitoring systems at both ends of the tunnel and at the internal fault positions, turning on the shaking table to start the experiment, and recording in real time the dynamic response characteristics and damage conditions of the tunnel structure under earthquake, so as to realize multi-field measurability of the structural response.

[0065] Among them, layer-by-layer filling and layered compaction means filling the soil into the modular box model layer by layer according to the preset layer thickness, and applying uniform pressure by mechanical or manual means after each layer is filled. Specifically, the layer thickness can be controlled at 20 - 30 cm, and a vibration compaction device can be used to control the soil density. Among them, the similarity criteria refer to determining the soil material ratio through dimensional analysis according to the proportional relationship between the actual engineering geological parameters and the test model, and adjusting the sand-clay mixing ratio to simulate different surrounding rock strengths. Among them, multi-field measurability means synchronously collecting the surrounding rock stress, structural vibration and deformation data by arranging pressure sensors, accelerometers and circumferential cameras, and setting triaxial accelerometers in the fault dislocation area to capture the spatial movement trajectory.

[0066] Specifically, during the test, the modular box model realizes three-dimensional motion simulation through the combination of a linear slide table and a shaking table. The detachable connection structure of the fault dip angle adjustment system supports dynamically adjusting the spatial angle between the fault and the tunnel axis. When filling the soil, the mass error of each layer of mixed soil is controlled by a weighing system to ensure material uniformity. Pressure sensors are buried along the circumference of the tunnel at different depths to monitor the change in the stress distribution of the surrounding rock during the propagation of seismic waves. After the test device is started, the shaking table inputs seismic wave signals, and the linear slide table simultaneously applies fault displacement. The monitoring system records in real time the strain of the tunnel lining, the joint displacement, and the crack propagation pattern.

[0067] With such a setting, the traditional test device is limited by the fixed dip angle module and single dynamic input and cannot simulate the three-dimensional motion of the fault. This method realizes continuous adjustment of the dip angle within a certain range through the combination of a modular box and an adjustable fault system, and at the same time matches the positioning modules of different cross-sectional forms. During the test, seismic waves and fault displacement loads can be applied synchronously, and the dynamic coupling effect of the structure can be captured through multi-sensor fusion measurement technology.

[0068] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention solves the technical limitation that the traditional test cannot dynamically adjust the spatial angle of the fault and realizes the free matching of the tunnel axis and the fault dip angle. By using layered compaction and similar material ratio control, the true mechanical properties of the surrounding rock of the deep-buried tunnel are effectively restored. The multi-field synchronous monitoring system can accurately obtain the stress concentration area and damage evolution law of the tunnel lining under the coupling action of earthquake and fault displacement, providing key test data support for the design of anti-displacement tunnel structures.

[0069] The present invention further proposes a modular test method for the seismic response of a multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel, including the following steps: fixing the hanging wall box on the shaking table, installing the footwall box on the linear slide table, and installing the fault dip angle adjustment system between the hanging wall box and the footwall box; adjusting the position of the positioning module according to the horizontal angle requirement of the tunnel model 1; passing the tunnel model 1 through the positioning module and keeping the axis of the tunnel model 1 parallel to the bottom surfaces of the hanging wall box and the footwall box; determining the material ratio of the filled soil according to the similarity criterion, adopting the method of layer-by-layer filling and compaction, and controlling the weight of each layer of mixed soil so that the surrounding soil of the tunnel model 1 is close to the on-site situation. At the same time, install the pressure sensors on the outer surface of the lining according to the test design; determine the acceleration and displacement measurement points, arrange the test device in the tunnel model 1, and arrange the monitoring system at both ends and the internal fault position of the tunnel. Turn on the shaking table to start the experiment and record in real time the dynamic response characteristics and damage conditions of the tunnel structure under the earthquake to achieve multi-field measurability of the structural response.

[0070] Among them, the similarity criterion for determining the material ratio means determining the soil body ratio parameters based on the geometric similarity ratio and the material density similarity ratio. A mixed material of diatomite, barite powder and sand can be used to simulate different surrounding rock characteristics, and the target physical and mechanical properties can be achieved by adjusting the ratio of each component. Layer-by-layer filling and compaction means that the thickness of each layer of filled soil is controlled within a preset range. Layers of 20-30 mm can be used, and a vibration compaction device is used to compact layer by layer to ensure that the soil body is uniformly dense. The embedding of the pressure sensor means that the sensor is arranged in the soil body according to the predetermined spatial coordinates. Measuring points can be set on both sides of the fault interface and in the areas of the tunnel crown and arch feet to capture the change of the stress transmission path.

[0071] Specifically, this method realizes the dynamic adjustment of the spatial angle between the tunnel axis and the fault through the position adjustment of the positioning module, and clamps the tunnel through the hydraulic telescopic arm 18. A layered control strategy is adopted when filling the soil body. After each layer is filled, the density of the soil body is verified by the weighing method to ensure similarity to the prototype geological conditions. During the layout stage of the test device, circumferential cameras are arranged inside the tunnel, combined with accelerometers and strain gauges to synchronously collect data on structural deformation and vibration response. During the experiment, the shaking table and the linear sliding table are linked to apply multi-dimensional seismic input, which can simulate the coupled vibration in the horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, the fault dip angle adjustment system realizes the three-dimensional composite dip angle change through the combination of the trapezoidal plate and the cross plate.

[0072] With such settings, most of the existing test methods rely on a fixed dip angle module and a single-section model box, and can only adjust the angle between the tunnel and the fault in stages by replacing the mold, resulting in a large deviation between the test results and the actual working conditions. This method combines an adjustable positioning module and a modular box body, supports continuous adjustment of the spatial relationship between the tunnel axis and the fault, and can quickly switch between tunnel models with different cross-sectional shapes such as horseshoe and ellipse in the same model box. Layered compaction and the layout of the sensor array further improve the simulation accuracy of the surrounding rock stress field, and can accurately capture the stress redistribution process caused by fault dislocation.

[0073] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention solves the problems of the existing test methods that cannot dynamically adjust the spatial angle between the tunnel and the fault, the limited dip angle adjustment, and the insufficient simulation accuracy of the soil body. The adjustability of the positioning module enables the relative position between the tunnel model 1 and the fault plane to flexibly change according to the experimental requirements, and supports continuous setting of the angle within a certain range. Layered filling and material ratio control ensure that the mechanical properties of the surrounding soil body are consistent with the prototype, and can simulate the stratum response under different burial depths. The layout of multi-dimensional sensors and the composite seismic input realize the multi-field synchronous monitoring of the dynamic response of the tunnel structure, and can simultaneously obtain acceleration, strain, displacement and crack propagation data, providing a complete test basis for revealing the coupling mechanism of fault dislocation and earthquake.

[0074] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0075] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular test device for multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response, characterized in that Including: A modular box model, the modular box model includes an upper plate box body and a lower plate box body. The upper plate box body is installed on a vibration table, and the lower plate box body is installed on a linear slide table. Both the upper plate box body and the lower plate box body are arc-shaped structures; A fault dip angle adjustment system, there are two sets of the fault dip angle adjustment systems, and the two sets of the fault dip angle adjustment systems are symmetrically arranged between the upper plate box body and the lower plate box body. Moreover, the upper plate box body and the lower plate box body are respectively detachably connected to the fault dip angle adjustment system through connecting components. A bathtub-shaped structure is formed by enclosing between the upper plate box body, the lower plate box body and the two sets of the fault dip angle adjustment systems; A positioning module, there are two sets of the positioning modules, and the two sets of the positioning modules are respectively detachably installed on the upper plate box body and the lower plate box body; A tunnel model (1), both ends of the tunnel model (1) are respectively installed on the two sets of the positioning modules; A monitoring system, the monitoring system is arranged in the tunnel model (1) and is used for monitoring the deformation condition of the tunnel model (1); A terminal system, the terminal system is connected to the monitoring system.

2. The multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device according to claim 1, wherein The upper plate box body includes: A bottom steel plate I (2), the bottom steel plate I (2) is fixed on the vibration table; Side plates I (3), there are two sets of the side plates I (3), and the two sets of the side plates I (3) are symmetrically and vertically fixed on the bottom steel plate I (2), and the two side plates I (3) are arranged in parallel; Arc steel plates I (4); there are two sets of the arc steel plates I (4), and the two sets of the arc steel plates I (4) are arranged parallel to each other up and down. There is a gap between the two sets of the arc steel plates I (4). Both sets of the arc steel plates I (4) are located between the side plates I (3), and the arc steel plates I (4) are welded and fixed to the side plates I (3); Arc concave steel plates I (5), there are several sets of the arc concave steel plates I (5), and the several sets of the arc concave steel plates I (5) are arranged between the two arc steel plates I (4).

3. The multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower plate box body includes: A bottom steel plate II (6), the bottom steel plate II (6) is fixed on the linear slide table; Side plates II (7), there are two sets of the side plates II (7), and the two sets of the side plates II (7) are symmetrically and vertically fixed on the bottom steel plate II (6). The side plates II (7) are respectively arranged in parallel corresponding to the side plates I (3); Arc steel plates II (8); there are two sets of the arc steel plates II (8), and the two sets of the arc steel plates I (4) are arranged parallel to each other up and down. There is a gap between the two sets of the arc steel plates II (8). Both sets of the arc steel plates II (8) are located between the side plates II (7), and the arc steel plates II (8) are welded and fixed to the side plates II (7); Arc concave steel plates II (9), there are several sets of the arc concave steel plates II (9), and the several sets of the arc concave steel plates II (9) are arranged at equal intervals between the two arc steel plates II (8).

4. The multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fault dip angle adjustment system includes: The first angle module, the first angle module includes two symmetrically arranged first trapezoidal plates (10), a first cross plate is arranged between the two first trapezoidal plates (10), and the first cross plate is connected to the bottom steel plate I (2) and the bottom steel plate II (6) through a fixing component; The second angle module, the second angle module includes two groups of second trapezoidal plates (11), the two groups of second trapezoidal plates (11) are arranged correspondingly, a second cross plate is fixed between the two groups of second trapezoidal plates (11), and the second cross plate is connected to the bottom steel plate I (2) and the bottom steel plate II (6) through a fixing component; Wherein, the first trapezoidal plate (10) is connected to the side plate I (3) and the second trapezoidal plate (11) through the connecting component, and the second trapezoidal plate (11) is connected to the side plate II (7) through the connecting component; The fixing component includes a concave steel plate, a cover plate (22), and a fixing bolt (23), the fixing bolt (23) is located inside the concave steel plate and passes through the bottom of the concave steel plate to be connected to the bottom steel plate I (2) or the bottom steel plate II (6), and the cover plate (22) is installed on the concave steel plate for retaining soil.

5. The multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting component includes: A mounting plate (12); A backing plate (13), two groups of the backing plates (13) are symmetrically fixed on the mounting plate (12), and a sliding groove (14) is formed on the backing plate (13); Wherein, connecting plates are respectively installed on the side plate I (3), the side plate II (7), the first trapezoidal plate (10) and the second trapezoidal plate (11), and the connecting plates are detachably connected to the backing plate (13) through high-strength bolts (15).

6. The multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device according to claim 4, characterized in that The positioning module includes: A support plate (16), a through hole is formed on the support plate (16), and the shape of the support plate (16) matches the shapes of the arc-shaped concave steel plate I (5) and the arc-shaped concave steel plate II (9); A steel pipe (17), the steel pipe (17) is fixedly connected inside the through hole; A hydraulic telescopic arm (18), several groups of the hydraulic telescopic arms (18) are arranged circumferentially and equidistantly on the steel pipe (17); A rubber block (19), several groups of the rubber blocks (19) are respectively fixed at the ends of the hydraulic telescopic arms (18).

7. The multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring system includes: A circumferential camera, the circumferential camera is arranged inside the tunnel model (1).

8. The multi-dimensional controllable cross-fault tunnel seismic response modular test device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The arc-shaped concave steel plate I (5) and the arc-shaped steel plate I (4), and the arc-shaped concave steel plate II (9) and the arc-shaped steel plate II (8) are respectively connected by bolts, and retaining soil covers (20) are respectively arranged in the grooves of the arc-shaped concave steel plate I (5) and the arc-shaped concave steel plate II (9), and the bolts are located between the retaining soil cover (20) and the groove of the arc-shaped concave steel plate II (9).

9. A modular test method for the seismic response of a cross-fault tunnel with multi-dimensional controllability, based on the modular test device for the seismic response of a cross-fault tunnel with multi-dimensional controllability according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step 1: Fix the upper plate box body on the shaking table, install the lower plate box body on the linear slide table, and install the fault dip angle adjustment system between the upper plate box body and the lower plate box body; Step 2: Adjust the position of the positioning module according to the horizontal included angle requirement of the tunnel model (1); Step 3: Pass the tunnel model (1) through the positioning module, and keep the axis of the tunnel model (1) parallel to the bottom surfaces of the upper plate box body and the lower plate box body; Step 4: Determine the material ratio of the filling soil body according to the similarity criterion, adopt the method of layer-by-layer filling and compaction, and control the weight of the mixed soil body of each layer to make the surrounding soil body of the tunnel model (1) close to the on-site situation; at the same time, install the pressure sensors on the outer surface of the lining according to the test design; Step 5: Determine the acceleration and displacement measurement points, arrange the test devices in the tunnel model (1), and arrange the monitoring systems at both ends of the tunnel and at the internal fault positions. Turn on the shaking table to start the experiment, and record the dynamic response characteristics and damage conditions of the tunnel structure under the earthquake in real time to achieve multi-field measurability of the structural response.

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