Bridge beam plate load testing device for road and bridge construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge testing, and discloses a bridge beam plate load testing device for road and bridge construction, which comprises an underframe frame and a testing frame, the underframe frame and the testing frame are connected through at least four shock absorbers, the testing frame is internally provided with a bearing assembly for bearing a to-be-tested bridge beam plate, and the bearing assembly is connected with the shock absorbers. A main sensor is arranged above the bearing assembly, and a main testing mechanism used for carrying out load testing on the bridge beam plate during bearing is arranged at the top of the bottom frame. According to the bridge beam plate load testing device for road and bridge construction, the two testing pieces are driven by the driving piece, the two testing pieces can be matched with the load piece to carry out vertical load testing work on a bridge beam plate, and the two testing pieces can be matched with the auxiliary testing mechanism to carry out lateral load testing work on the bridge beam plate; load testing work in multiple aspects is achieved, and the functionality and practicability of the load testing device are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge testing, and specifically provides a bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction. Background Art

[0002] In modern road and bridge construction, the safety and stability of bridge beams and slabs are key factors to ensure smooth traffic and driving safety. With the increase in traffic flow and the diversification of vehicle types, bridges face increasingly complex load conditions during use, especially the influence of lateral loads. Lateral loads mainly come from lateral impacts of vehicles, wind loads, seismic actions, etc. These loads may cause deformation, cracks, or even instability of the bridge structure.

[0003] After retrieval, the Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN118376367B discloses a beam and slab load testing device for bridge construction. By rotating the eccentric wheel, based on the interaction of the centrifugal force and inertial force generated when the eccentric wheel body and the first and second counterweights arranged inside the eccentric wheel rotate, the vibrating block and the vibrating frame generate vibration forces. At the same time, through the elastic component composed of the first sliding rod, the first spring, the second spring, the second sliding rod, and the third spring, the vibration effect can be enlarged. The vibration force is transmitted to the frame by the connecting frame, and the load condition of the beam and slab in the seismic environment can be simulated, so as to conduct load testing on the beam and slab under specific conditions, solving the problem that the existing technology can only simulate the stress condition on the upper part of the beam and slab; however, although this load testing device has the function of load testing in the up and down directions, it lacks the function of lateral load testing, so that during the testing process, the lateral impact resistance of the bridge beam and slab cannot be understood. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction. By driving two test pieces through a driving member, the two test pieces can not only cooperate with a load member to conduct vertical load testing on the bridge beam and slab, but also the two test pieces can cooperate with a secondary test mechanism to conduct lateral load testing on the bridge beam and slab, having various load testing operations, further improving the functionality and practicality of the load testing device, and solving the problem that the existing bridge beam and slab load testing device usually only has the function of vertical load testing and lacks the function of lateral load testing, so that the lateral impact resistance of the bridge beam and slab cannot be understood.

[0006] (2) Technical Solutions

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a bridge beam load test device for road and bridge construction, comprising a base frame and a test frame, wherein the base frame and the test frame are connected by at least four shock absorbers, a supporting assembly for supporting the bridge beam to be tested is arranged inside the test frame, a main sensor is arranged above the supporting assembly, a main test mechanism for load testing the bridge beam when supported is arranged on the top of the base frame, and two sets of auxiliary test mechanisms for lateral load testing the bridge beam when supported are arranged on the test frame;

[0008] The testing mechanism includes a load member arranged on the bridge beam, two testing members arranged above the base frame, and a driving member for driving the two testing members.

[0009] Preferably, the test piece comprises a T-shaped connecting beam fixed to the bottom of the test frame, and the bottom of the T-shaped connecting beam is connected to a reciprocating frame;

[0010] A protruding rod is inserted into the reciprocating frame, and one end of the protruding rod is connected to the rotating frame;

[0011] The driving member includes a driving motor for rotating the rotating frames in the two test members.

[0012] Preferably, the driving member includes a transmission shaft fixed between two rotating frames, the driving motor is connected to the transmission shaft through a gear set, the driving motor is fixed to the top of the base frame through a mounting frame, and the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting frame.

[0013] Preferably, the auxiliary testing mechanism includes an L-shaped sliding frame and an electric guide rail for driving the L-shaped sliding frame to reciprocate laterally, a hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixed to the top of the L-shaped sliding frame, and a load block is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, four positioning sleeves are fixedly connected to the top of the test frame, and the insides of the four positioning sleeves are all inserted with limit frames, and the four positioning sleeves are all inserted with locking pins for locking the limit frames.

[0015] Preferably, the support assembly includes a plurality of support brackets slidably connected to the inside of the test frame, the number of the main sensors is a plurality, and the plurality of main sensors are respectively installed on the top of a plurality of support brackets;

[0016] Both sides of the test frame are fixedly connected with guide rods, and a plurality of limiting holes are opened inside the two guide rods;

[0017] Both ends of several supporting brackets extend to the outside of the test frame. Adjusting blocks are fixedly connected to both ends of the several supporting brackets. Two groups of adjusting blocks are respectively sleeved on the outer surface of the guiding rods, and T-shaped pins are inserted into the interiors of the two groups of adjusting blocks.

[0018] Preferably, the shock absorber includes a damper disposed between the chassis frame and the test frame. A shock-absorbing spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the damper. Both ends of the damper are connected to the chassis frame and the test frame through hinge members.

[0019] Preferably, the hinge member includes a conversion frame. A spherical groove is formed inside the conversion frame. A spherical block is disposed inside the spherical groove, and the spherical block is connected to one end of the damper;

[0020] Cross pin holes are formed inside both the conversion frame and the spherical block. One-way pins are inserted into the two groups of cross pin holes.

[0021] (III) Beneficial effects

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention drives two test pieces through a driving member. The two test pieces can not only cooperate with a load member to perform vertical load testing on a bridge beam and slab, but also cooperate with a secondary test mechanism to perform lateral load testing on the bridge beam and slab. It has various load testing operations, further improving the functionality and practicality of the load testing device, and solving the problem that the bridge beam and slab load testing device in the prior art usually only has a vertical load testing function and lacks a lateral load testing function, so that the lateral impact resistance of the bridge beam and slab cannot be understood.

[0024] 2. Both ends of several supporting brackets of the present invention are fixed with adjusting blocks, and the adjusting blocks can slide on the outer surface of the guiding rods. Thus, it is convenient to adjust the position of the supporting brackets by sliding the adjusting blocks, so as to meet the supporting work of different positions of the bridge beam and slab, and also meet the testing work of several main sensors at different positions. Through the setting of T-shaped pins, the supporting brackets after sliding adjustment can be locked, thus ensuring the position adjustment work, and the supporting brackets at different positions can be adjusted at different positions according to the actual situation, solving the problem that the supporting components of the load testing equipment in the prior art generally only have the supporting work in a contracted state or an expanded state, so that partial centralized monitoring or partial decentralized monitoring of several main sensors cannot be performed according to the actual test situation.

[0025] 3. By providing cross pin holes, the present invention facilitates the insertion of one-way pins. When the one-way pin is inserted into the horizontal hole of the cross pin hole, it is convenient to test the longitudinal vibration of the test frame. Conversely, when the one-way pin is inserted into the vertical hole of the cross pin hole, it is convenient to test the transverse vibration of the test frame. When the one-way pin is not inserted, the test frame can vibrate in different directions, further enabling the load test of beam plates in different seismic environments. This solves the problem in the prior art that the installation of shock absorbers in bridge load test devices restricts the test frame to vibrate in only one direction, making it impossible to comprehensively simulate the load test of bridges at different angles under seismic conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the bridge beam plate load test device for road and bridge construction of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 is a top view of the structure of the test frame in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 is a bottom view of the structure of the test frame in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the chassis frame in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 is a combined schematic diagram of the test piece and the driving piece in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the test piece in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 is a side view of the structure of the test piece in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of the test piece in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the shock absorber in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the shock absorber in the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Chassis frame; 2. Test frame;

[0037] 3. Shock absorber; 31. Damper; 32. Shock-absorbing spring; 33. Conversion frame; 34. Spherical block; 35. Cross pin hole; 36. One-way pin

[0038] 4. Support assembly; 41. Support bracket; 42. Guide rod; 43. Limit hole; 44. Adjusting block; 45. T-shaped pin

[0039] 5. Main sensor

[0040] 6. Sub-test mechanism; 61. L-shaped sliding frame; 62. Electric guide rail; 63. Hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 64. Load block; 65. Positioning sleeve; 66. Limit frame

[0041] 7. Test piece; 71. T-shaped connecting beam; 72. Reciprocating frame; 73. Convex rod; 74. Rotating frame; 75. Threaded rod; 76. Adjusting shaft; 77. Circular block

[0042] 8. Driving member; 81. Driving motor; 82. Transmission shaft; 83. Gear set; 84. Mounting frame Detailed implementation manners

[0043] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] Referring to the attached Figures 1-10 , a bridge beam load testing device for road and bridge construction includes a chassis frame 1 and a test frame 2. The chassis frame 1 and the test frame 2 are connected by at least four shock absorbers 3. Inside the test frame 2, there is a support assembly 4 for supporting the bridge beam to be tested. Above the support assembly 4, there is a main sensor 5. On the top of the chassis frame 1, there is a main test mechanism for testing the load of the bridge beam during support. On the test frame 2, there are two sets of sub-test mechanisms 6 for testing the lateral load of the bridge beam during support;

[0046] Through the setting of the support assembly 4, the bridge beam to be tested can be supported, improving the stability and safety of the test; through the setting of the main test mechanism, it is used for vertical load testing of the bridge beam; through the setting of the sub-test mechanism 6, it is used for lateral load testing of the bridge beam; the main sensor 5 uses the existing technology to real-time monitor parameters such as stress, strain, and displacement of the beam plate under the action of load, and then records and analyzes the data collected by the sensor through the data acquisition system;

[0047] The test mechanism includes a load member disposed on the bridge beam slab, two test members 7 disposed above the chassis frame 1, and a driving member 8 for driving the two test members 7;

[0048] By driving the two test members 7 with the driving member 8, the two test members 7 can not only cooperate with the load member to conduct vertical load tests on the bridge beam slab, but also cooperate with the secondary test mechanism 6 to conduct lateral load tests on the bridge beam slab. It has various load test operations, further improving the functionality and practicality of the load test device, and solving the problem that the existing bridge beam slab load test device usually only has the function of vertical load test and lacks the function of lateral load test, so that the lateral impact resistance of the bridge beam slab cannot be understood;

[0049] It should be noted here that the load member is a remotely controllable load vehicle. By adding counterweight components to the load vehicle, the load test operation can be formed. By moving the load vehicle back and forth on the bridge beam slab, the dynamic load detection operation can be simulated.

[0050] Refer to the appendix Figures 5 to 8 As shown in the figure, the test member 7 includes a T-shaped connecting beam 71 fixed to the bottom of the test frame 2, and a reciprocating frame 72 is connected to the bottom of the T-shaped connecting beam 71;

[0051] By the vibration of the reciprocating frame 72 up and down, the test frame 2 can be driven to vibrate up and down through the T-shaped connecting beam 71, and then the bridge beam slab to be tested can be driven to conduct vertical load tests; on the contrary, by the vibration of the reciprocating frame 72 back and forth, the test frame 2 can be driven to vibrate back and forth through the T-shaped connecting beam 71, and then the bridge beam slab to be tested can be driven to conduct lateral load tests;

[0052] The bottom of the T-shaped connecting beam 71 is rotatably connected with an adjusting shaft 76. The reciprocating frame 72 is fixedly connected to one end of the adjusting shaft 76. The other end of the adjusting shaft 76 is fixedly connected with a circular block 77, and a plurality of clamping holes are formed on the outer surface of the circular block 77. One side of the bottom of the T-shaped connecting beam 71 is slidably connected with a clamping block for inserting into the internal clamping holes;

[0053] By rotatably connecting the reciprocating frame 72 to the bottom of the T-shaped connecting beam 71 through the adjusting shaft 76, it is convenient to adjust the angle of the reciprocating frame 72. When the clamping block is inserted into the clamping hole inside the circular block 77, the stability of the reciprocating frame 72 after angle adjustment can be ensured;

[0054] When the reciprocating frame 72 is adjusted to a horizontal state, the vertical load test operation can be carried out;

[0055] When the reciprocating frame 72 is adjusted to a vertical state, the lateral load test operation can be carried out;

[0056] By adjusting the reciprocating frame 72 to an inclined state, load testing work in an inclined direction can be performed; load testing work with multiple angles;

[0057] A protruding rod 73 is inserted into the reciprocating frame 72, and one end of the protruding rod 73 is connected to a rotating frame 74;

[0058] It should be noted that one end of the protruding rod 73 is fixedly connected to the inside of the rotating frame 74. The rotation of the rotating frame 74 can drive the protruding rod 73 to perform circular motion around the rotation axis of the rotating frame 74, thereby driving the horizontal reciprocating frame 72 to reciprocate up and down, thereby performing a vertical load test.

[0059] When the protruding rod 73 performs circular motion with the rotation axis of the rotating frame 74, it can also drive the reciprocating frame 72 in the vertical state to reciprocate back and forth, thereby forming a lateral load test work;

[0060] One end of the protruding rod 73 is slidably connected to the inside of the rotating frame 74 in an up-and-down sliding manner. A threaded rod 75 for adjusting the protruding rod 73 up and down is threadedly connected to the rotating frame 74, and one end of the threaded rod 75 is rotatably connected to the protruding rod 73.

[0061] By driving the threaded rod 75 to rotate, the convex rod 73 inside the rotating frame 74 can be adjusted to form a position adjustment work, and then the diameter of the circular motion of the convex rod 73 can be adjusted, and then the amplitude of the vibration load can be adjusted, further improving the diversity of the bridge beam and slab load test;

[0062] The driving member 8 includes a driving motor 81 for rotating the rotating frames 74 in the two test members 7;

[0063] The driving motor 81 is composed of a forward and reverse motor and a reducer, and is used to drive the rotating frames 74 in the two test pieces 7 to rotate.

[0064] Refer to the attached Figure 5 The driving member 8 includes a transmission shaft 82 fixed between the two rotating frames 74, a driving motor 81 is connected to the transmission shaft 82 through a gear set 83, the driving motor 81 is fixed to the top of the bottom frame 1 through a mounting frame 84, and the transmission shaft 82 is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting frame 84;

[0065] The driving motor 81 is connected to an external power source and a control switch, and is used to drive one of the gears of the gear set 83 to rotate. By meshing the two gears with each other, the other gear rotates, thereby driving the transmission shaft 82 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission shaft 82 can drive the two rotating frames 74 to rotate.

[0066] Refer to the attached Figure 2and Figure 3 The auxiliary test mechanism 6 includes an L-shaped sliding frame 61 and an electric guide rail 62 for driving the L-shaped sliding frame 61 to reciprocate horizontally. A hydraulic telescopic cylinder 63 is fixed to the top of the L-shaped sliding frame 61, and a load block 64 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 63;

[0067] The hydraulic telescopic cylinder 63 is connected to an external power supply and a control switch, and is used to drive the load block 64 to make a longitudinal feed. Through the longitudinal movement of the load block 64, pressure can be applied to the side of the bridge beam slab to test its lateral impact resistance. Through the setting of the electric guide rail 62, the position of the L-shaped sliding frame 61 can be adjusted, so as to meet the lateral impact test work of the positions of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 63 and the load block 64 on the side of the bridge beam slab, further improving the range of the bridge beam slab load test;

[0068] Moreover, when the lateral test work is not carried out, the two auxiliary test mechanisms 6 can be used to clamp the bridge beam slab during support, thereby improving the stability and safety of the vertical load test of the bridge beam slab.

[0069] Refer to Appendix Figure 2 and Figure 3 Four positioning sleeves 65 are fixedly connected to the top of the test frame 2, and a limiting frame 66 is inserted into each of the four positioning sleeves 65. A locking pin for locking the limiting frame 66 is inserted into each of the four positioning sleeves 65;

[0070] Through the setting of the limiting frame 66, the bridge beam slab on the load-bearing support component 4 is limited, thereby improving the stability of subsequent tests, and facilitating the limiting of the bridge beam slab for lateral load tests, further improving the effect of subsequent lateral load detection;

[0071] Through the setting of the positioning sleeve 65, it is convenient to position the limiting frame 66. By inserting the locking pin, the positioned limiting frame 66 can be locked, which has a good disassembly and assembly function and is convenient for the staff to selectively install according to actual test needs.

[0072] Embodiment 2: Different from Embodiment 1;

[0073] Refer to Appendix Figure 2 The support component 4 includes a number of support brackets 41 slidably connected inside the test frame 2. The number of main sensors 5 is several, and several main sensors 5 are respectively installed on the tops of several support brackets 41;

[0074] Through the setting of several support brackets 41, different positions of the bridge beam slab to be tested are supported, improving the stability of subsequent tests. Through the setting of the main sensors 5, the load test conditions of the bridge beam slab during the test are monitored;

[0075] Both sides of the test frame 2 are fixedly connected with guide rods 42, and a plurality of limiting holes 43 are formed inside the two guide rods 42; both ends of the plurality of supporting brackets 41 extend to the outside of the test frame 2, and adjusting blocks 44 are fixedly connected to both ends of the plurality of supporting brackets 41. The two groups of adjusting blocks 44 are respectively sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod 42, and T-shaped pins 45 are inserted into the two groups of adjusting blocks 44.

[0076] By fixedly connecting adjusting blocks 44 to both ends of the plurality of supporting brackets 41, and the adjusting blocks 44 can slide on the outer surface of the guide rod 42, it is convenient to adjust the position of the supporting brackets 41 by sliding the adjusting blocks 44, so as to meet the supporting work of different positions of the bridge beam slab, and also meet the test work of different positions of the plurality of main sensors 5.

[0077] Through the setting of the T-shaped pins 45, the supporting brackets 41 after sliding adjustment can be locked, so as to ensure the position adjustment work, and the supporting brackets 41 at different positions can be adjusted at different positions according to the actual situation, which is convenient for the staff to arrange by themselves when more or fewer sensors are required in a certain area during the test.

[0078] It solves the problem that the supporting components of the existing load testing equipment generally only have the supporting work in the retracted state or the deployed state, so that it is impossible to perform partial centralized monitoring or partial decentralized monitoring on the plurality of main sensors 5 according to the actual test situation.

[0079] Embodiment 3: Different from Embodiment 1;

[0080] Refer to the appendix Figure 9 and Figure 10 The shock absorber 3 includes a damper 31 arranged between the chassis frame 1 and the test frame 2. A shock-absorbing spring 32 is sleeved on the outer surface of the damper 31. Both ends of the damper 31 are connected to the chassis frame 1 and the test frame 2 through hinge parts; the hinge part includes a conversion frame 33, and a spherical groove is formed inside the conversion frame 33, and a spherical block 34 is arranged inside the spherical groove, and the spherical block 34 is connected to one end of the damper 31.

[0081] By rolling the spherical block 34 inside the conversion frame 33, the vibration of the test frame 2 at different angles can be satisfied, and the load test work at different angles can be formed, which solves the problem that the existing hinge seats generally only have single-angle movement, so that the test frame 2 can only perform single-angle vibration load test work.

[0082] Cross pin holes 35 are formed inside both the conversion frame 33 and the spherical block 34, and one-way pins 36 are inserted into the two groups of cross pin holes 35.

[0083] By providing the cross pin hole 35, it is convenient to insert the one-way pin 36. When the one-way pin 36 is inserted into the transverse hole of the cross pin hole 35, it is convenient to test the longitudinal vibration of the test frame 2. On the contrary, when the one-way pin 36 is inserted into the longitudinal hole of the cross pin hole 35, it is convenient to test the transverse vibration of the test frame 2. When the one-way pin 36 is not inserted, the test frame 2 can vibrate in different directions, further realizing the load test of the beam slab in different seismic environments;

[0084] It solves the problem in the prior art that the installation of the shock absorber 3 in the bridge load testing device causes the test frame 2 to only vibrate in a single direction, so that it is impossible to comprehensively simulate the load test of the bridge at different angles under seismic conditions.

[0085] It should be noted that the term "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising said element.

[0086] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction, comprising a base frame (1) and a test frame (2), wherein the base frame (1) and the test frame (2) are connected via at least four shock absorbers (3), characterized in that: A supporting assembly (4) for supporting the bridge beam to be tested is arranged inside the test frame (2), a main sensor (5) is arranged above the supporting assembly (4), a main testing mechanism for carrying out a load test on the bridge beam when supported is arranged on the top of the base frame (1), and two sets of auxiliary testing mechanisms (6) for carrying out a lateral load test on the bridge beam when supported are arranged on the test frame (2); The testing mechanism comprises a load member arranged on the bridge beam plate, two testing members (7) arranged above the base frame (1), and a driving member (8) for driving the two testing members (7).

2. A bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test piece (7) comprises a T-shaped connecting beam (71) fixed to the bottom of the test frame (2), and the bottom of the T-shaped connecting beam (71) is connected to a reciprocating frame (72); A protruding rod (73) is inserted into the interior of the reciprocating frame (72), and one end of the protruding rod (73) is connected to a rotating frame (74); The driving member (8) comprises a driving motor (81) for driving the rotating frames (74) in the two test members (7) to rotate.

3. A bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving member (8) comprises a transmission shaft (82) fixed between two rotating frames (74); the driving motor (81) is transmission-connected to the transmission shaft (82) via a gear set (83); the driving motor (81) is fixed to the top of the base frame (1) via a mounting frame (84); and the transmission shaft (82) is rotationally connected to the top of the mounting frame (84).

4. The bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The auxiliary testing mechanism (6) comprises an L-shaped sliding frame (61) and an electric guide rail (62) for driving the L-shaped sliding frame (61) to reciprocate laterally. A hydraulic telescopic cylinder (63) is fixed on the top of the L-shaped sliding frame (61), and a load block (64) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (63).

5. A bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: Four positioning sleeves (65) are fixedly connected to the top of the test frame (2), and the interiors of the four positioning sleeves (65) are all provided with limiting frames (66), and the four positioning sleeves (65) are all provided with locking pins for locking the limiting frames (66).

6. The bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction according to claim 1 is characterized by: The support assembly (4) comprises a plurality of support frames (41) slidably connected to the inside of the test frame (2); the number of the main sensors (5) is a plurality, and the plurality of main sensors (5) are respectively mounted on the top of the plurality of support frames (41); Guide rods (42) are fixedly connected to both sides of the test frame (2), and a plurality of limiting holes (43) are provided inside the two guide rods (42); Both ends of the plurality of support brackets (41) extend to the outside of the test frame (2), and both ends of the plurality of support brackets (41) are fixedly connected with adjustment blocks (44), and two groups of adjustment blocks (44) are respectively slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod (42), and T-shaped pins (45) are inserted inside the two groups of adjustment blocks (44).

7. A bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The shock absorber (3) comprises a damper (31) arranged between a base frame (1) and a test frame (2); a shock absorbing spring (32) is sleeved on the outer surface of the damper (31); and both ends of the damper (31) are connected to the base frame (1) and the test frame (2) via hinges.

8. A bridge beam and slab load testing device for road and bridge construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hinged member comprises a conversion frame (33), a spherical groove is provided inside the conversion frame (33), a spherical block (34) is provided inside the spherical groove, and the spherical block (34) is connected to one end of the damper (31); The conversion frame (33) and the spherical block (34) are both provided with cross latch holes (35), and one-way latches (36) are inserted into the two groups of cross latch holes (35).

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