Reinfusion filtering device used after external drainage of bile in hepatobiliary surgery department

Abstract

The invention discloses a filtering device for reinfusion after external drainage of bile in the hepatobiliary surgery department, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The filtering device comprises a drainage mechanism, a stepped filtering mechanism and a reinfusion mechanism. The stepped filtering mechanism is used for filtering bile; the stepped filtering mechanism is detachably connected with the drainage mechanism and the feedback mechanism. The stepped filtering mechanism comprises a filtering carrier, a filtering cavity and a pumping mechanism used for pumping bile to the filtering cavity are arranged in the filtering carrier, a primary screen, a hollow fiber membrane and a hydrophilic gel filtering membrane are sequentially arranged in the filtering cavity from top to bottom, and a cleaning mechanism used for cleaning the primary screen is arranged on one side of the primary screen. An ultrasonic vibration module for cleaning attachments on the hollow fiber membrane is arranged on one side of the hollow fiber membrane. By means of the intelligent design and the multi-stage filtering mechanism, the bile feedback efficiency and safety are remarkably improved, and the infection risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular is a bile external drainage and back-infusion filtering device for hepatobiliary surgery. Background Art

[0002] External bile drainage is a common hepatobiliary surgical procedure used to treat obstructive jaundice, acute suppurative cholangitis and other diseases. After external bile drainage, some patients need to process the drained bile and then reinfuse it into the body to reduce water and electrolyte disorders and nutrient loss caused by bile loss. However, direct reinfusing of unprocessed bile may cause problems such as bacterial infection and residual stones, so bile reinfusing filtration devices came into being.

[0003] Traditional bile reinfusion filtration devices mostly use a single filter structure with a fixed aperture. This filter faces many problems in actual use. Due to the complex composition of bile, it contains a large amount of impurities, such as bile sludge, blood clots, detached cells, and various viscous substances. When bile passes through a fixed filter, these impurities can easily accumulate on the filter, causing the filter aperture to be blocked. Once the filter is blocked, the bile reinfusion flow rate will be seriously affected, and a stable bile reinfusion speed cannot be guaranteed, which in turn affects the treatment effect. Moreover, it is difficult to clean the filter after blocking, and frequent replacement of the filter will increase medical costs and operational risks.

[0004] In view of the defects of the existing technology, there is an urgent need for a re-infusion filtration device that can effectively remove impurities in bile and ensure the purity of bile. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hepatobiliary surgery bile external drainage after reinfusion filtering device, which can stably and efficiently filter impurities in bile and improve the efficiency and quality of bile reinfusion.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A hepatobiliary surgery bile external drainage and back-infusion filtering device comprises a drainage mechanism, a stepped filtering mechanism and a back-infusion mechanism; the drainage mechanism is used to introduce bile into the stepped filtering mechanism, the stepped filtering mechanism is used to filter the bile, and the back-infusion mechanism is used to input the filtered bile into the patient's intestine; the stepped filtering mechanism is detachably connected to the drainage mechanism and the back-infusion mechanism respectively; the stepped filtering mechanism comprises a filtering carrier, a filtering cavity and a pumping mechanism for pumping bile into the filtering cavity are arranged in the filtering carrier, a primary screen, a hollow fiber membrane and a hydrophilic gel filter membrane are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the filtering cavity, a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the primary screen is arranged on one side of the primary screen, and an ultrasonic vibration module for cleaning attachments on the hollow fiber membrane is arranged on one side of the hollow fiber membrane.

[0008] The above - mentioned solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] 1. The stepped filtration mechanism of this solution is uniquely designed. By setting a primary sieve, a hollow - fiber membrane, and a hydrophilic gel filter membrane, it can perform stepped filtration on bile. The primary sieve can intercept larger impurities in bile, such as biliary sludge, exfoliated tissue fragments, etc. The hollow - fiber membrane has a microporous structure and can effectively filter viscous substances in bile. The hydrophilic gel filter membrane can further remove tiny impurities in bile, ensuring that the filtered bile has a high quality and is suitable for being re - infused into the patient's intestine.

[0010] Compared with the fixed filter net or single - layer filter of the existing device, this stepped filtration mechanism can effectively deal with the blockage problem caused by viscous bile or impurity deposition, reducing the situation where the drainage efficiency is affected due to frequent flushing or replacement of the drainage tube.

[0011] 2. In this solution, the interception effect of the primary sieve reduces the burden on subsequent filter elements, enabling the hollow - fiber membrane and the hydrophilic gel filter membrane to play their roles more effectively. As a result, more bile can be filtered per unit time, improving the efficiency of bile re - infusion.

[0012] 3. In this solution, the filtration mechanism is detachably connected to the drainage mechanism and the re - infusion mechanism respectively. This detachable design makes the maintenance and replacement of each component more convenient. When the filter elements in the filter carrier (such as the primary sieve, the hollow - fiber membrane, the hydrophilic gel filter membrane) are blocked, damaged, or reach the end of their service life, etc., the filtration mechanism can be easily disassembled to clean, repair, or replace the relevant components.

[0013] This design not only reduces the maintenance cost but also reduces the time of interrupting bile re - infusion due to maintenance. Medical staff can flexibly adjust and maintain the filtration device according to the actual usage situation, ensuring the continuity and stability of the bile re - infusion process.

[0014] 4. A cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side of the primary sieve, which can clean the primary sieve regularly or as needed. This cleaning method can prevent the primary sieve from being blocked by impurities in bile and ensure the filtration performance of the primary sieve. For example, when impurities such as biliary sludge in bile accumulate on the primary sieve, the cleaning mechanism can promptly remove them, keeping the pores of the primary sieve unobstructed and ensuring that bile can smoothly pass through the primary sieve and enter the next - stage filtration link.

[0015] On one side of the hollow fiber membrane, an ultrasonic vibration module is provided. The high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic wave can cause the substances attached to the hollow fiber membrane to fall off. During the filtration process of the hollow fiber membrane, it is easy to be attached by substances such as proteins and microorganisms in bile, resulting in the blockage of its filtration pores and the decline of filtration performance. The setting of the ultrasonic vibration module can effectively solve this problem, extend the service life of the hollow fiber membrane, and ensure the filtration effect of the hollow fiber membrane at the same time.

[0016] Furthermore, the reinfusion mechanism includes a reinfusion tube; one end of the reinfusion tube is connected with a reinfusion joint, and an anti-displacement mechanism for preventing the displacement of the reinfusion tube is arranged on the outer side of the reinfusion tube; the anti-displacement mechanism includes an airbag, a fixed disk and an inflation assembly. When bile is reinfused, the airbag is located in the patient's stomach, and the fixed disk is located on the patient's body surface; at least one ventilation pipeline is arranged on the inner wall of the reinfusion tube, and the airbag is communicated with the ventilation pipeline; the inflation assembly is used for conveying gas into the ventilation pipeline;

[0017] A number of suction cups are circumferentially arranged on the fixed disk, and the suction cups are all communicated with the ventilation pipeline. Throats are arranged at the communication positions of the suction cups and the ventilation pipeline;

[0018] A one-way locking assembly for restricting the gas flow direction is also arranged in the ventilation pipeline, and the one-way locking assembly is located between the airbag and the throat; an unlocking mechanism for restoring the normal gas flow is arranged in the one-way locking assembly.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The design of the anti-displacement mechanism can effectively prevent the displacement of the reinfusion tube in the patient's body through the dual actions of the airbag and the fixed disk. When bile is reinfused, the airbag is located in the patient's stomach, and the fixed disk is located on the patient's body surface. This internal and external combination fixing method ensures the stable position of the reinfusion tube, avoids the displacement of the reinfusion tube caused by the patient's activities or body position changes, and thus ensures the continuity and stability of bile reinfusion.

[0020] The one-way locking assembly arranged in the ventilation pipeline can restrict the gas flow direction, ensure that the gas can only flow from the inflation assembly to the airbag and the suction cup direction, and prevent the gas from flowing back. This one-way locking mechanism effectively avoids the problem of insufficient pressure of the airbag and the suction cup caused by gas backflow, and further enhances the stability of the anti-displacement mechanism.

[0021] The unlocking mechanism arranged in the one-way locking assembly can restore the normal gas flow when needed. This design enables medical staff to quickly release the gas in the airbag and the suction cup when adjusting the position of the reinfusion tube or performing maintenance, which is convenient for operation. At the same time, the existence of the unlocking mechanism also avoids the problem that the gas cannot be discharged due to the failure of the one-way locking assembly, improving the flexibility and practicality of the device.

[0022] Furthermore, the one-way locking assembly includes a one-way carrier. A demarcation cavity is formed inside the one-way carrier. Both ends of the demarcation cavity are respectively communicated with the ventilation pipeline. A baffle and a one-way spring are arranged inside the demarcation cavity. The baffle is used to interrupt the connection between the demarcation cavity and the ventilation pipeline when the air pressure is lower than the preset value, and the one-way spring is used to support the baffle.

[0023] Beneficial effects: When inflating the ventilation pipeline through the inflation assembly, after the gas passes through the throat, it will push open the baffle and enter the demarcation cavity until the airbag expands. At the same time, when the gas passes through the throat, the flow rate increases (Venturi effect), and a negative pressure is generated on each suction cup, causing the suction cup to be fixed on the patient's skin. When the airbag expands to an appropriate degree, the inflation stops. At this time, the one-way spring will push the baffle against the opening between the demarcation cavity and the ventilation pipeline, thereby preventing the gas from flowing back from the airbag and canceling the negative pressure of the suction cup.

[0024] Through the design of the baffle and the one-way spring, the one-way locking assembly can automatically cut off the channel between the airbag and the ventilation pipeline after inflation, effectively preventing the gas in the airbag from flowing back. This design ensures that the airbag and the suction cup always maintain a stable fixing effect during the bile re-infusion process, avoiding the airbag contraction and suction cup loosening caused by gas backflow.

[0025] The mechanical design of the one-way locking assembly has high reliability and stability, and can maintain a stable fixing effect under various dynamic conditions (such as the patient coughing, body position changing, etc.). Compared with other solutions relying on electronic control, the mechanical design reduces the risks caused by equipment failures or operation errors.

[0026] Furthermore, the unlocking mechanism includes a number of special-shaped grooves formed inside the fixed disk. A trigger rod is slidably fitted inside each special-shaped groove. The special-shaped groove is communicated with the demarcation cavity. A through groove is formed inside one end of the trigger rod close to the demarcation cavity. The through groove is communicated with a balance channel, and the other end of the balance channel is communicated with the outside; a pressing member is arranged at the end of the trigger rod far from the demarcation cavity. The pressing member is slidably fitted with the re-infusion tube. A return spring is arranged between the pressing member and the fixed disk.

[0027] Beneficial effects: When it is necessary to remove the re-infusion tube or adjust the position of the re-infusion tube, the medical staff presses the pressing member. The movement of the pressing member drives the trigger rod to slide inside the special-shaped groove.

[0028] One end of the trigger rod close to the demarcation cavity gradually moves into the demarcation cavity and finally lifts the baffle. At this time, the baffle is pushed open, and the channel between the demarcation cavity and the ventilation pipeline is opened.

[0029] At the same time, the through groove inside the trigger rod is communicated with the demarcation cavity and the ventilation pipeline, and the balance channel connects the gas inside the demarcation cavity with the outside atmospheric pressure, enabling the gas inside the airbag to be discharged to the outside through the ventilation pipeline.

[0030] As the gas in the airbag is discharged, the negative pressure in the suction cup is offset, and the adsorption force between the suction cup and the patient's skin disappears, thus releasing the fixation.

[0031] When the unlocking operation is completed, release the button, and the return spring will restore the button and the trigger rod to the initial position. At this time, the baffle closes again under the action of the one-way spring, the passage between the demarcation cavity and the ventilation pipeline is cut off, and the device returns to the locked state, ready for the next use.

[0032] The unlocking mechanism can achieve quick unlocking through a simple pressing action, and the operation is simple and fast. Medical staff can release the fixation of the reinfusion tube without complex tools or steps, significantly improving the operation efficiency, especially being able to respond quickly in emergency situations.

[0033] Furthermore, the pumping mechanism includes a rotating groove formed in the filter carrier; a peristaltic tube, a squeezing mechanism, and a driving mechanism are arranged in the rotating groove. The peristaltic tube is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating groove. The squeezing mechanism is used to squeeze the peristaltic tube, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the squeezing mechanism to rotate.

[0034] Beneficial effects: The peristaltic tube is fixed in the rotating groove, and the peristaltic tube is periodically squeezed and released by the squeezing mechanism. When the driving mechanism is started, the squeezing mechanism rotates along the direction of the peristaltic tube and sequentially squeezes the peristaltic tube.

[0035] Each squeeze will push the bile in the peristaltic tube forward, and the release allows the bile to enter the next squeezed area. Through this periodic squeezing and release, the bile is continuously pumped into the filter cavity.

[0036] Through periodic squeezing and release, the peristaltic tube can ensure the continuous and stable flow of bile in the pipeline, avoiding the problems of slow flow or stagnation caused by gravity drainage, and significantly improving the flow efficiency of bile.

[0037] Each squeeze will push the bile forward, and the negative pressure in the peristaltic tube during release will prevent the bile from flowing back. This one-way flow mechanism effectively avoids the backflow of bile in the pipeline and reduces the risk of infection caused by bile retention.

[0038] The driving mechanism can adjust the rotation speed as needed, thereby achieving precise control of the bile flow rate. In different clinical scenarios, medical staff can flexibly adjust the pumping speed according to the patient's condition and treatment needs to ensure the personalization and precision of the bile reinfusion process.

[0039] The peristaltic tube is in direct contact with the bile, while the squeezing mechanism only acts on the peristaltic tube through external squeezing, avoiding the direct contact between the bile and the internal mechanical components of the pumping mechanism. This design reduces the risk of bile being contaminated during the pumping process, ensures that the bile entering the filter cavity maintains a high purity, and improves the filtering quality.

[0040] Furthermore, the extrusion mechanism includes a rotating carrier; the rotating carrier is rotatably connected to the rotating groove, piston grooves are provided inside the ends of the rotating carrier in contact with the peristaltic tube, piston blocks are slidably fitted inside the piston grooves, inflatable layers are provided at the ends of the piston blocks close to the peristaltic tube, and the inflatable layers communicate with the piston grooves.

[0041] Beneficial effects: The design of the inflatable layer makes the extrusion process softer, avoiding damage to the peristaltic tube caused by hard extrusion. This buffering mechanism prolongs the service life of the peristaltic tube and reduces the maintenance cost caused by frequent replacement of the peristaltic tube.

[0042] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism includes a collection groove opened on one side of the filtering cavity, a triangular prism groove is communicated with the top of the collection groove, a triangular prism plate is slidably fitted inside the triangular prism groove, a receiving groove is further opened on the side of the filtering cavity opposite to the collection groove, a scraping rod for scraping the impurities accumulated on the surface of the primary screen into the collection groove is slidably fitted inside the receiving groove, both the scraping rod and the triangular prism plate are made of magnetic materials, and the magnetism of the scraping rod and the triangular prism plate repels each other; an electromagnet is further provided inside the filter carrier, and the electromagnet is used to generate a magnetic field to drive the scraping rod to reciprocate.

[0043] Beneficial effects: After the electromagnet is energized, a magnetic field is generated, and the magnetic field acts on the scraping rod to make the scraping rod reciprocate inside the receiving groove. Since the magnetism of the scraping rod and the triangular prism plate repels each other, when the scraping rod approaches the triangular prism plate, the two repel each other, causing the triangular prism plate to slide inside the triangular prism groove and open the opening of the triangular prism groove. During the reciprocating movement of the scraping rod, the impurities accumulated on the surface of the screen are scraped off. The scraped impurities enter the collection groove through the opening of the triangular prism groove to achieve the collection of impurities.

[0044] The cleaning process is realized by switching the magnetic field of the electromagnet, without the need for an additional mechanical reset device. This design simplifies the structure of the cleaning mechanism, reduces the number of mechanical components, and reduces the complexity and failure rate of the device.

[0045] Furthermore, it further includes a first acquisition module, a control module, and an early warning module; the first acquisition module is used to acquire the image of the drainage fluid inside the filtering cavity; the control module is used to judge whether the color of the bile is normal based on the drainage fluid image and control the operation of the early warning module; the early warning module is used to emit an early warning signal.

[0046] Beneficial effects: The first acquisition module regularly or in real time acquires images of the bile in the filtration cavity and transmits the image data to the control module. The control module analyzes the acquired images and determines whether the color of the bile is normal through an image recognition algorithm or a preset color threshold. For example, the normal color of bile is usually yellow-green. If the color of the bile turns dark brown, black, or becomes obviously turbid, it may indicate bile tract bleeding, infection, or other abnormal conditions. When the control module determines that the color of the bile is abnormal, it triggers the early warning module to send an early warning signal. After receiving the early warning signal, medical staff can check the patient's condition in time and take appropriate treatment measures.

[0047] The first acquisition module collects bile images in real time, which can detect changes in bile color in a timely manner, indicating potential bile tract bleeding, infection or other abnormalities. This real-time monitoring function helps medical staff take measures in the early stages of the problem to prevent the condition from worsening.

[0048] Furthermore, the control module is also used to determine whether the transparency of the bile is normal based on the drainage fluid image, and control the operation of the early warning module.

[0049] Beneficial effects: Changes in bile transparency may be an early sign of bile duct infection, sludge formation, or bile duct obstruction. By monitoring transparency in real time, abnormalities can be detected in the early stages of the problem, and timely measures can be taken to avoid worsening of the condition and reduce the risk of complications such as bile duct infection and cholangitis.

[0050] In addition to monitoring the color of bile, the control module can also determine whether the transparency of bile is normal based on the drainage fluid image. This dual monitoring mechanism can more comprehensively reflect the state of bile and improve the accuracy of early warning of abnormal conditions.

[0051] Furthermore, it also includes a second acquisition module; the second acquisition module includes a number of air pressure sensors, which are located in each piston groove. The control module is also used to judge the purity of the drainage fluid in the peristaltic tube based on the air pressure changes in each piston groove, and analyze the probability of bile infection in combination with the transparency and color of the drainage fluid; the early warning module is also used to issue early warning signals of different levels based on the signal of the control module.

[0052] Beneficial effects: When bile passes through the peristaltic tube, the particles, sediments or flocs in the bile will affect the pressure distribution in the peristaltic tube. If the drainage fluid is relatively pure, the pressure change in the peristaltic tube is relatively small; when there are more particles or sediments in the drainage fluid, these impurities will increase the resistance in the peristaltic tube, resulting in greater pressure changes.

[0053] The second acquisition module sets an air pressure sensor in each piston groove to monitor the air pressure change in the piston groove in real time. When the piston block moves in the piston groove, the air pressure sensor can detect the air pressure change caused by the drainage fluid resistance in the peristaltic tube.

[0054] The control module receives the signals from the air pressure sensor and conducts quantitative analysis on the air pressure changes. The greater the air pressure change, the more particulate matter or precipitation there is in the drainage fluid, and the higher the infection risk.

[0055] By comprehensively analyzing the air pressure changes, transparency, and color, the control module can more accurately evaluate the purity and infection risk of the drainage fluid. For example, drainage fluid with large air pressure changes, low transparency, and abnormal color may have a high infection risk.

[0056] Based on the comprehensive analysis results of the drainage fluid state, the control module sends signals to the warning module. The warning module issues warning signals of different levels according to the severity of the signals. The warning signals can be divided into three levels: low risk, medium risk, and high risk. For example, a low-risk warning indicates that the state of the drainage fluid is slightly abnormal, but immediate intervention is not required; a high-risk warning indicates that the drainage fluid may have a serious infection and requires immediate treatment.

[0057] By monitoring the pressure changes in the peristaltic tube through the air pressure sensor and combining the transparency and color information of the drainage fluid, the control module can more comprehensively evaluate the state of the drainage fluid. This multi-dimensional monitoring mechanism can reduce the limitations of single-index monitoring, improve the warning accuracy of abnormal situations of the drainage fluid, and avoid false alarms or missed alarms.

[0058] The graded warning mechanism can help medical staff quickly judge the severity of the problem, thereby taking corresponding treatment measures and improving the clinical response efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0059] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the cascade filtration mechanism in the bile external drainage and reinfusion filtration device for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the top view of

[0061] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0062] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the drainage mechanism in the bile external drainage and reinfusion filtration device for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic diagram of the reinfusion mechanism in the bile external drainage and reinfusion filtration device for hepatobiliary surgery of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 6 It is Figure 3 the partial enlarged schematic diagram at position M in

[0065] Figure 7is Figure 3 Internal structure schematic diagram of the extrusion mechanism in

[0066] Figure 8 is Figure 5 Bottom view of the fixed disk in

[0067] Figure 9 is Figure 8 Cross-sectional view taken along the B-B direction in

[0068] Figure 10 is Figure 9 Partial enlarged schematic diagram at position N in

[0069] Figure 11 is Figure 10 Partial enlarged schematic diagram at position O in

[0070] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1, filtration carrier; 2, drainage interface; 3, reinfusion interface; 4, drainage tube; 5, reinfusion tube; 101, peristaltic tube; 102, rotating groove; 103, extrusion mechanism; 104, filtration chamber; 105, light-emitting layer; 106, collection tank; 107, scraping rod; 108, electromagnet; 109, primary screen; 110, hollow fiber membrane; 111, ultrasonic generator; 112, hydrophilic gel filter membrane; 201, first valve; 202, hydraulic sensor; 301, second valve; 401, drainage joint; 501, reinfusion joint; 502, airbag; 503, fixed disk; 504, ventilation duct; 505, one-way carrier; 1031, rotating carrier; 1032, piston groove; 1033, air pressure sensor; 1034, piston block; 1035, inflatable layer; 1036, connection channel; 1061, triangular prism groove; 1062, triangular prism plate; 5031, suction cup; 5032, negative pressure groove; 5033, pressing piece; 5034, return spring; 5035, throat; 5051, demarcation cavity; 5052, one-way spring; 5053, baffle; 5054, special-shaped groove; 5055, touch rod; 5056, balance channel; 5057, through groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0071] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the communication inside two elements. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0074] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0075] Embodiment 1

[0076] Basically as shown in the attached Figures 1 - 11 drawings: A bile external drainage and re - infusion filtration device for hepatobiliary surgery mainly includes a drainage mechanism, a stepped filtration mechanism, and a re - infusion mechanism; the drainage mechanism is used to introduce bile into the stepped filtration mechanism. Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 4 drawings, in this embodiment, the drainage mechanism includes a drainage tube 4 and a drainage connector 401. This part is prior art and will not be elaborated much in this embodiment. During specific implementation, the drainage tube 4 is inserted into the patient's biliary tract through PTCD surgery.

[0077] The stepped filtration mechanism is used to filter bile. Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 1 drawings, Figure 2 drawings, Figure 3 and the attached drawings, the stepped filtration mechanism includes a filtration carrier 1. Preferably, in this embodiment, the shape of the filtration carrier 1 is capsule - shaped. In some other embodiments, the shape of the filtration carrier 1 can be other shapes (such as columnar). A filtration cavity 104 is opened inside the filtration carrier 1. At the top of the filtration cavity 104, there is a pumping mechanism for pumping bile into the filtration cavity 104. Specifically, the pumping mechanism includes a rotating groove 102 opened inside the filtration carrier 1; a peristaltic tube 101, an extrusion mechanism 103, and a driving mechanism are arranged in the rotating groove 102. The peristaltic tube 101 is adhesively and fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating groove 102.

[0078] The squeezing mechanism 103 is used to squeeze the peristaltic tube 101. Specifically, the squeezing mechanism 103 includes a rotating carrier 1031. In this embodiment, the rotating carrier 1031 is in the shape of a double wing (same as above, the shape of the rotating carrier 1031 is not limited in this embodiment); the rotating carrier 1031 is rotatably connected to the rotating groove 102, and piston grooves 1032 are provided in the double wings of the rotating carrier 1031. The piston blocks 1034 are slidably matched in the piston grooves 1032. Figure 7 As shown, the end of the piston block 1034 that contacts the peristaltic tube 101 is an arc-shaped curved surface, and the end of the piston block 1034 close to the peristaltic tube 101 is bonded and fixed with an air-filled layer 1035 , and a connecting channel 1036 is connected between the air-filled layer 1035 and the piston groove 1032 .

[0079] The driving mechanism is used to drive the extrusion mechanism 103 to rotate. Specifically, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a motor and a coupling, the output shaft of the motor is axially fixedly connected to the rotating carrier 1031 through the coupling, and the motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating groove 102 by screws (not shown in the figure).

[0080] A primary screen 109 , a hollow fiber membrane 110 and a hydrophilic gel filter membrane 112 are arranged in the filter chamber 104 from top to bottom. A cleaning mechanism for cleaning the primary screen 109 is provided on one side of the primary screen 109. Specifically, the cleaning mechanism includes a collecting groove 106 opened on the left side of the filter chamber 104. The top of the collecting groove 106 is connected to a triangular prism 1061. The cross-section of the triangular prism 1061 is an inverted triangle structure. A triangular prism plate 1062 is slidably fitted in the triangular prism 1061. A receiving groove is also provided on the right side of the filter chamber 104. A scraper rod 107 is slidably fitted in the receiving groove for scraping impurities accumulated on the surface of the primary screen 109 into the collecting groove 106. The scraper rod 107 and the triangular prism plate 1062 are both made of magnetic material, and the magnetism of the scraper rod 107 and the triangular prism plate 1062 repels each other. An electromagnet 108 is also provided in the filter carrier 1. Specifically, the electromagnet 108 is embedded in the right side wall of the filter chamber 104. The electromagnet 108 is used to generate a magnetic field to drive the scraper rod 107 to move back and forth.

[0081] An ultrasonic vibration module for cleaning the attachments on the hollow fiber membrane 110 is arranged on the right side of the hollow fiber membrane 110, and the specific ultrasonic vibration module includes an ultrasonic generator 111, and the ultrasonic generator 111 is installed in the side wall of the filter carrier 1. Preferably, the hydrophilic gel filter membrane 112 is coated with a heparin coating to reduce protein precipitation.

[0082] The return mechanism is used to return the filtered bile to the patient's intestines; specifically, in combination with the attached Figure 5As shown, the reinfusion mechanism includes a reinfusion tube 5. One end of the reinfusion tube 5 is connected to a reinfusion joint 501 (same as the above-mentioned drainage structure, this part is an existing structure and will not be elaborated too much in this embodiment). An anti-displacement mechanism is provided outside the reinfusion tube 5 to prevent the displacement of the reinfusion tube 5. The anti-displacement mechanism includes an airbag 502, a fixing plate 503, and an inflation assembly. When performing bile reinfusion, the airbag 502 is located inside the patient's stomach, and the fixing plate 503 is located on the patient's body surface. At least one ventilation duct 504 is provided on the inner wall of the reinfusion tube 5. When there are multiple ventilation ducts 504, a circular duct is also connected to the end of the ventilation duct 504 close to the reinfusion joint 501. The circular duct converges and connects each ventilation duct 504 to facilitate the uniform entry of air into each ventilation duct 504 during ventilation. The airbag 502 is connected to the ventilation duct 504, and the ventilation duct 504 is independent of the channel of the reinfusion tube 5 itself and does not interfere with each other. The inflation assembly is used to deliver gas into the ventilation duct 504. In this embodiment, a rubber valve is also provided on one side of the reinfusion joint 501, and the rubber valve is located at the outlet of the ventilation duct 504. The inflation assembly is an injection pump. In some other embodiments, the inflation assembly can be an inflation element such as an injection syringe. The injection pump delivers gas into the ventilation duct 504 by inserting a needle tube into the rubber valve.

[0083] Combined with the attached Figure 8 and the attached Figure 9 As shown, a number of suction cups 5031 are circumferentially arranged on the fixing plate 503. The number of suction cups 5031 corresponds to the number of ventilation ducts 504. A negative pressure groove 5032 is connected between each suction cup 5031 and the ventilation duct 504. A throat 5035 is provided at the connection between the suction cup 5031 and the ventilation duct 504, that is, at the intersection of the negative pressure groove 5032 and the ventilation duct 504. In this embodiment, the diameter of the throat 5035 is smaller than that of the ventilation duct 504. When the fluid enters the throat 5035, the flow rate will increase, and a negative pressure (Venturi effect) will be generated near the throat 5035 (i.e., inside the negative pressure groove 5032).

[0084] A one-way locking assembly for restricting the gas flow direction is also provided in the ventilation duct 504. The one-way locking assembly is located between the airbag 502 and the throat 5035. Specifically, combined with the attached Figure 9 and the attached Figure 10As shown, the one-way locking assembly includes a one-way carrier 505. The one-way carrier 505 is adhesively fixed to the return pipe 5. A demarcation cavity 5051 is formed inside the one-way carrier 505. The top and bottom of the demarcation cavity 5051 are respectively communicated with the ventilation pipe 504. A baffle 5053 and a one-way spring 5052 are arranged inside the demarcation cavity 5051. The baffle 5053 is used to interrupt the connection between the demarcation cavity 5051 and the ventilation pipe 504 when the air pressure is lower than the preset value. Preferably, the cross-section of the baffle 5053 is an isosceles trapezoid structure. When the baffle 5053 blocks the demarcation cavity 5051, the lower base (i.e., the longer base) of the baffle 5053 coincides with the bottom of the demarcation cavity 5051. The one-way spring 5052 is used to support the baffle 5053. The bottom of the one-way spring 5052 is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle 5053 by welding, and the top of the one-way spring 5052 is fixedly connected to the top of the demarcation cavity 5051 by welding.

[0085] An unlocking mechanism for restoring the normal flow of gas is provided inside the one-way locking assembly.

[0086] Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 9 drawing Figure 10 and the attached Figure 11 drawing, the unlocking mechanism includes a plurality of special-shaped grooves 5054 formed in the fixed disk 503. The number of the special-shaped grooves 5054 is the same as that of the ventilation pipes 504. The structure of the special-shaped grooves 5054 is composed of a plurality of linear grooves. A touch rod 5055 is slidably fitted inside each of the special-shaped grooves 5054. The structural shape of the touch rod 5055 is the same as that of the special-shaped groove 5054. The two ends of the special-shaped groove 5054 are respectively communicated with the demarcation cavity 5051 and the outside. A through groove 5057 is formed inside one end of the touch rod 5055 close to the demarcation cavity 5051. A balance channel 5056 is communicated with the through groove 5057. The other end of the balance channel 5056 is communicated with the outside. Specifically, the balance channel 5056 is arranged along the length direction of the touch rod 5055. The outlet of the balance channel 5056 is located on one side of the bottom of the touch rod 5055 (i.e., the end far from the through groove 5057); A pressing member 5033 is arranged at the end of the touch rod 5055 far from the demarcation cavity 5051. In this embodiment, the pressing member 5033 is an annular structure, which is sleeved outside the return pipe 5. The pressing member 5033 is slidably fitted with the return pipe 5. A return spring 5034 is adhesively fixed between the pressing member 5033 and the fixed disk 503.

[0087] In this embodiment, the stepped filtering mechanism is detachably connected to the drainage mechanism and the return mechanism respectively. Specifically, drainage interfaces 2 and return interfaces 3 are respectively formed at the top and bottom of the filter carrier 1. The drainage interface 2 is communicated with the peristaltic tube 101, and the return interface 3 is communicated with the filter cavity 104. The filter carrier 1 is connected to the drainage joint 401 through the drainage interface 2, and the filter carrier 1 is connected to the return joint 501 through the return interface 3, so as to realize modular design.

[0088] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0089] Preparation stage

[0090] Insertion of the drainage tube 4: Through the PTCD (Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangial Drainage) surgery, the drainage tube 4 is inserted into the biliary tract of the patient to ensure that the drainage connector 401 is in a suitable position in the biliary tract for smooth bile drainage.

[0091] Insertion of the reinfusion tube 5: Similar to the PTCD surgery, percutaneous puncture is performed, and under image guidance, the reinfusion tube 5 is inserted into the stomach and then fixed. For example, it is inserted into the rubber valve through an infusion pump, and air is delivered into the ventilation duct 504 (the air will not come into contact with the patient throughout the process). After the air enters the ventilation duct 504, it passes through the demarcation cavity 5051 (pushing aside the baffle 5053 under the action of air pressure) and enters the airbag 502 until the airbag 502 expands to contact the gastric wall. Then the infusion pump is removed and the air injection stops. During the expansion of the airbag 502, when the air passes through the throat 5035, negative pressure is generated and acts on each suction cup 5031 through the negative pressure groove 5032, so that the fixing plate 503 is adsorbed and fixed on the patient's skin.

[0092] When it is necessary to adjust or disassemble the reinfusion tube 5, the doctor only needs to press the button 5033, and one end of the trigger rod 5055 close to the demarcation cavity 5051 gradually moves into the demarcation cavity 5051 and finally lifts the baffle 5053. At this time, the baffle 5053 is pushed open, and the channel between the demarcation cavity 5051 and the ventilation duct 504 is opened. At the same time, the through groove 5057 in the trigger rod 5055 is connected to the demarcation cavity 5051 and the ventilation duct 504, and the balance channel 5056 connects the gas in the demarcation cavity 5051 with the external atmospheric pressure, so that the gas in the airbag 502 can be discharged to the outside through the ventilation duct 504. As the gas in the airbag 502 is discharged, the negative pressure in the suction cup 5031 is offset, and the adsorption force between the suction cup 5031 and the patient's skin disappears, thus releasing the fixation.

[0093] After the drainage tube 4 and the reinfusion tube 5 are prepared, the drainage tube 4 and the reinfusion tube 5 are connected and communicated with the drainage interface 2 and the reinfusion interface 3 of the filtration carrier 1.

[0094] Pumping stage

[0095] Start of the pumping mechanism: The motor drives the rotating carrier 1031 to rotate through the coupling. The piston block 1034 in the piston groove 1032 of the rotating carrier 1031 slides along the groove during rotation.

[0096] Squeezing of the peristaltic tube 101: One end of the piston block 1034 close to the peristaltic tube 101 contacts the peristaltic tube 101 through the inflatable layer 1035. As the piston block 1034 moves, the inflatable layer 1035 is compressed, thereby squeezing the peristaltic tube 101 and pushing the bile into the filtration chamber 104.

[0097] Bile transportation: Under the periodic squeezing of the peristaltic tube 101, bile is pumped into the filtration chamber 104 for filtration processing.

[0098] Filtration stage

[0099] Filtration by the primary screen 109: Bile first enters the primary screen 109 at the top of the filtration chamber 104 to intercept large particle impurities in the bile, such as biliary sludge and exfoliated tissue fragments.

[0100] Cleaning of the primary screen 109: After the electromagnet 108 is energized to generate a magnetic field, by switching the magnetic field direction, the scraping rod 107 is driven to reciprocate in the receiving groove. The scraping rod 107 scrapes the impurities accumulated on the surface of the primary screen 109 into the collection groove 106. The triangular prism plate 1062 opens the opening of the triangular prism groove 1061 under the action of magnetic repulsion, and the impurities enter the collection groove 106 through the opening.

[0101] Filtration by the hollow fiber membrane 110: The bile filtered by the primary screen 109 enters the hollow fiber membrane 110 to further remove fine particles and some microorganisms in the bile. The ultrasonic vibration module generates high-frequency vibration through the ultrasonic generator 111 to remove the attachments on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 110 and prevent blockage.

[0102] Filtration by the hydrophilic gel filter membrane 112: Bile finally passes through the hydrophilic gel filter membrane 112 to remove fine impurities, protein precipitates and harmful substances in the bile. The heparin coating coated inside the hydrophilic gel filter membrane 112 further reduces protein deposition and improves the filtration effect.

[0103] The filtered bile enters the backflow tube 5 through the backflow interface 3 at the bottom of the filtration carrier 1 and finally enters the patient's intestine to complete the bile backflow process.

[0104] Embodiment 2

[0105] The difference from the above Embodiment 1 is only that it further includes a first acquisition module, a control module and an early warning module; the first acquisition module is used to acquire the image of the drainage fluid in the filtration chamber 104 (the drainage fluid in this article is the fluid introduced from the patient's body into the filtration chamber 104, and its main component is bile, the same below); specifically, the first acquisition module includes a light-emitting layer 105 opened on the side wall of the filtration chamber 104 and a CDD sensor arranged opposite to it. The light-emitting layer 105 (LED light strip or other light sources) is used to emit light to the drainage fluid in the filtration chamber 104, and the image in the filtration chamber 104 is clearly visible. The CDD sensor is used to acquire the image of the drainage fluid in the filtration chamber 104. The CCD sensor can capture information such as the color and transparency of the drainage fluid in real time.

[0106] The control module is used to judge whether the color of bile is normal based on the drainage fluid image, judge whether the transparency of bile is normal based on the drainage fluid image, and control the operation of the warning module.

[0107] It further includes a second acquisition module; the second acquisition module includes a number of air pressure sensors 1033, the air pressure sensors 1033 are located in each piston groove 1032, and the control module is further used to judge the purity of the drainage fluid in the peristaltic tube 101 based on the air pressure change in each piston groove 1032, and analyze the bile infection probability in combination with the transparency and color of the drainage fluid; the warning module is used to respond to the signal of the control module and issue warning signals of different levels. In this embodiment, the warning module uses the method of light warning (in some other embodiments, it can use methods such as wireless signal transmission to a terminal for warning), and emits green light, yellow light and red light respectively according to the three levels of low risk, medium risk and high risk.

[0108] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0109] In the above filtering stage, the light-emitting layer 105 (such as an LED light strip) emits light to the drainage fluid in the filtering cavity 104, making the drainage fluid image clearly visible.

[0110] The CCD sensor collects the drainage fluid image in the filtering cavity 104 in real time and transmits the image data to the control module.

[0111] The control module analyzes the color and transparency of the drainage fluid to judge whether the bile is normal.

[0112] The air pressure sensor 1033 monitors the air pressure change in the piston groove 1032 in real time and transmits the data to the control module.

[0113] The control module judges the purity of the drainage fluid in the peristaltic tube 101 according to the air pressure change, and analyzes the bile infection probability from multiple dimensions in combination with the transparency and color of the drainage fluid.

[0114] The control module comprehensively judges the bile infection probability based on the color, transparency and air pressure change data of the drainage fluid.

[0115] If the color of the drainage fluid is abnormal, the transparency decreases or the air pressure change is too large, the control module will judge that the risk of bile infection is relatively high and control the warning module to operate.

[0116] The warning module issues warning signals of different levels according to the signal of the control module:

[0117] Low risk (green light): The state of the drainage fluid is normal and no special treatment is required.

[0118] Medium risk (yellow light): The state of the drainage fluid is slightly abnormal, and further observation is recommended.

[0119] High risk (red light): The state of the drainage fluid is severely abnormal, and there may be an infection risk, which requires immediate treatment.

[0120] Embodiment 3

[0121] The difference from the above Embodiment 2 is only that a first valve 201 and a second valve 301 are respectively arranged in the drainage interface 2 and the reinfusion interface 3, and a hydraulic sensor 202 is also installed on the communication path between the peristaltic tube 101 and the drainage interface 2. The hydraulic sensor 202 is used to collect the liquid pressure in the drainage tube 4, and the first valve 201, the second valve 301 and the hydraulic sensor 202 are all electrically connected to the control module.

[0122] Specific implementation process: In the initial stage, the first valve 201 is in the closed state to ensure that bile does not leak during the connection process between the drainage connector 401 and the drainage interface 2, and the second valve 301 is also in the closed state to prevent external air from entering the filtration chamber 104. After the drainage tube 4 and the reinfusion tube 5 are connected, the control module is started, and the control module opens the first valve 201 and the second valve 301, and the bile begins to flow into the peristaltic tube 101.

[0123] When the hydraulic sensor 202 collects that the hydraulic pressure is lower than the preset value, the control module controls the first valve 201 to close to further prevent the backflow of the drainage fluid and ensure the one-way flow of bile. At the same time, the control module controls the warning module to issue an alarm or a prompt to remind the doctor to check the connection of the drainage tube 4 or the position of the patient.

[0124] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention. Specific structures and / or common knowledge such as characteristics well known in the art are not described in detail here. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners described in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A bile re - infusion filtration device after external bile drainage in hepatobiliary surgery, comprising a drainage mechanism, a re - infusion mechanism and a stepped filtration mechanism; the drainage mechanism is used to introduce bile into the stepped filtration mechanism, the stepped filtration mechanism is used to filter the bile, and the re - infusion mechanism is used to input the filtered bile into the patient's intestine; characterized in that: The step filtering mechanism is detachably connected to the drainage mechanism and the return mechanism respectively, and comprises a filter carrier (1), wherein a filter cavity (104) and a pumping mechanism for pumping bile into the filter cavity (104) are arranged in the filter carrier (1), a primary screen (109), a hollow fiber membrane (110) and a hydrophilic gel filter membrane (112) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the filter cavity (104), a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the primary screen (109) is arranged on one side of the primary screen (109), and an ultrasonic vibration module for cleaning attachments on the hollow fiber membrane (110) is arranged on one side of the hollow fiber membrane (110).

2. The bile reinfusion filtration device after external bile drainage according to claim 1, wherein: The return transfusion mechanism comprises a return transfusion tube (5); one end of the return transfusion tube (5) is connected to a return transfusion joint (501); an anti-displacement mechanism for preventing displacement of the return transfusion tube (5) is arranged on the outer side of the return transfusion tube (5); the anti-displacement mechanism comprises an air bag (502), a fixing plate (503) and an inflation component; when bile is reinfused, the air bag (502) is located in the patient's stomach, and the fixing plate (503) is located on the patient's body surface; at least one ventilation pipeline (504) is arranged on the inner wall of the return transfusion tube (5), and the air bag (502) is connected to the ventilation pipeline (504); the inflation component is used to transport gas into the ventilation pipeline (504); A plurality of suction cups (5031) are arranged circumferentially on the fixed plate (503), and the suction cups (5031) are all connected to the ventilation pipe (504), and a throat (5035) is arranged at the connection point between the suction cups (5031) and the ventilation pipe (504); A one-way locking component for limiting the flow direction of gas is also provided in the ventilation duct (504), and the one-way locking component is located between the airbag (502) and the throat (5035); an unlocking mechanism for restoring the normal flow of gas is provided in the one-way locking component.

3. The bile reinfusion filtration device after external bile drainage according to claim 2, wherein: The one-way locking assembly comprises a one-way carrier (505), a boundary cavity (5051) is provided in the one-way carrier (505), two ends of the boundary cavity (5051) are respectively connected to the ventilation pipe (504), a baffle (5053) and a one-way spring (5052) are provided in the boundary cavity (5051), the baffle (5053) is used to interrupt the boundary cavity (5051) and the ventilation pipe (504) when the air pressure is lower than a preset value, and the one-way spring (5052) is used to support the baffle (5053).

4. The bile reinfusion filtration device after external bile drainage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The unlocking mechanism comprises a plurality of special-shaped grooves (5054) provided in the fixed disk (503), each of the special-shaped grooves (5054) being slidably matched with a trigger rod (5055), the special-shaped grooves (5054) being connected with the boundary cavity (5051), a through groove (5057) being provided in one end of the trigger rod (5055) close to the boundary cavity (5051), the through groove (5057) being connected with a balance channel (5056), the other end of the balance channel (5056) being connected with the outside; a pressing piece (5033) is provided at one end of the trigger rod (5055) away from the boundary cavity (5051), the pressing piece (5033) being slidably matched with the return pipe (5), and a return spring (5034) being provided between the pressing piece (5033) and the fixed disk (503).

5. The bile reinfusion filtration device after external bile drainage according to claim 4, wherein: The pumping mechanism includes a rotating groove (102) formed in the filter carrier (1); a peristaltic tube (101), an extrusion mechanism (103) and a driving mechanism are arranged in the rotating groove (102). The peristaltic tube (101) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating groove (102). The extrusion mechanism (103) is used for extruding the peristaltic tube (101), and the driving mechanism is used for driving the extrusion mechanism (103) to rotate.

6. The bile retransfusion filtration device after external bile drainage according to claim 5, wherein: The extrusion mechanism (103) includes a rotating carrier (1031); the rotating carrier (1031) is rotatably connected to the rotating groove (102). Piston grooves (1032) are arranged at the inner ends of the rotating carrier (1031) in contact with the peristaltic tube (101). Piston blocks (1034) are slidably fitted in the piston grooves (1032). Inflatable layers (1035) are arranged at the ends of the piston blocks (1034) close to the peristaltic tube (101). The inflatable layers (1035) communicate with the piston grooves (1032).

7. The bile reinfusion filtration device after external bile drainage according to claim 6, wherein: The cleaning mechanism includes a collection groove (106) formed on one side of the filter cavity (104). The top of the collection groove (106) communicates with a triangular prism groove (1061). A triangular prism plate (1062) is slidably fitted in the triangular prism groove (1061). An accommodation groove is also formed on the side of the filter cavity (104) opposite to the collection groove (106). A scraping rod (107) for scraping the impurities accumulated on the surface of the primary screen (109) into the collection groove (106) is slidably fitted in the accommodation groove. Both the scraping rod (107) and the triangular prism plate (1062) are made of magnetic materials, and the magnetism of the scraping rod (107) and the triangular prism plate (1062) repels each other; an electromagnet (108) is also arranged in the filter carrier (1), and the electromagnet (108) is used for generating a magnetic field to drive the scraping rod (107) to reciprocate.

8. The bile reinfusion filtration device after external bile drainage according to claim 7, characterized in that: It further includes a first acquisition module, a control module and an early warning module; the first acquisition module is used for acquiring the image of the drainage fluid in the filter cavity (104); the control module is used for judging whether the color of the bile is normal based on the drainage fluid image and controlling the operation of the early warning module; the early warning module is used for sending out an early warning signal.

9. The bile re-infusion filtration device after external bile drainage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control module is also used for judging whether the transparency of the bile is normal based on the drainage fluid image and controlling the operation of the early warning module.

10. The bile re-infusion filtration device after external bile drainage according to claim 9, characterized in that: It further includes a second acquisition module; the second acquisition module includes a plurality of air pressure sensors (1033). The air pressure sensors (1033) are located in each piston groove (1032). The control module is also used for judging the purity of the drainage fluid in the peristaltic tube (101) based on the air pressure changes in each piston groove (1032), and analyzing the bile infection probability in combination with the transparency and color of the drainage fluid; the early warning module is also used for sending out early warning signals of different levels based on the signal of the control module.

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