Function division slope protection method based on dredged sludge

Abstract

The invention provides a function partition slope protection method based on dredged silt, and belongs to the technical field of ecological slope protection, the method comprises the following steps: measuring the position of a water level line, and cleaning a slope surface; a material A is laid in the area below the water level, and first wet curing is carried out after compaction; a mixture of the material A and the material B is laid in the water level transition area, and second wet curing is carried out after compaction; a material B is laid in the area above the water level, and third wet curing is conducted after compaction; the material A comprises dredged sludge, activated incinerator slag powder, iron-carbon powder, semi-hydrated phosphogypsum and cement; the material B comprises dredged sludge, plant ash slag, plant fibers, activated incinerator slag powder and cement. By optimizing the material formula and the slope protection method, the stability and the ecological function of the slope are considered while the resource utilization efficiency of the dredged sludge is improved, and the slope protection method is suitable for slope restoration engineering under complex hydrological conditions such as waterfront and wetland.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological slope protection, and particularly relates to a functional-zone slope protection method based on dredged silt. Background Art

[0002] Dredged silt is a common waste in dredging projects, characterized by high water content and low solid particle strength. When directly used for slope treatment, it often faces problems such as insufficient strength, poor crack resistance, and lack of ecological functions. Traditional treatment methods mostly use single inorganic curing agents, which can improve strength to a certain extent, but the material toughness and adaptability are poor, and it is difficult to be stable in the long term in an environment with large water level fluctuations. Moreover, the materials above the water level line lack ecological functions, and it is difficult to achieve the expected ecological restoration effect in slope repair. In addition, existing processes often ignore the change of the dynamic water level at the construction site, resulting in the mismatch between material properties and actual needs, low resource utilization rate, insufficient toughness and crack resistance of the revetment materials, inability to adapt to the environment with large water level fluctuations, and easy to cause landslide or instability risks, further reducing the ecological and safety benefits of the project.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a slope material that takes into account both ecological functions and engineering properties. By optimizing the formula and slope protection method, the applicability of the material under different water level conditions can be realized, the efficiency of resource utilization of dredged silt can be improved, so that it can not only meet the requirements of engineering strength, toughness and crack resistance, but also have good ecological functions to adapt to the complex environment of dynamic water level changes and enhance the ecological and safety benefits of slope treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a functional-zone slope protection method based on dredged silt, aiming to solve the technical problems of insufficient toughness and crack resistance of existing ecological slope protection materials and the inability of slope protection methods to adapt to the environment with large water level fluctuations.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a functional-zone slope protection method based on dredged silt, including the following steps: Measure the position of the water level line on the slope surface and clean the slope surface; Lay Material A in the area below the water level line, compact it and then conduct the first wet curing; Lay a mixture of Material A and Material B in the water level transition area, compact it and then conduct the second wet curing; Lay Material B in the area above the water level line, compact it and then conduct the third wet curing; Material A, by weight, includes: 30-50 parts of dredged silt, 25-35 parts of activated incinerator slag powder, 10-15 parts of iron-carbon powder, 5-10 parts of hemihydrate phosphogypsum, and 5-10 parts of cement; Material B, by weight parts, includes: 30 - 50 parts of dredged silt, 30 - 50 parts of plant ash residue, 5 - 15 parts of plant fiber, 5 - 10 parts of activated incinerator slag powder, and 1 - 5 parts of cement.

[0006] Preferably, the mass percentage content of Material A in the mixture of Material A and Material B is 40% - 60%.

[0007] Preferably, the mass percentage content of Material A in the mixture of Material A and Material B is 50%.

[0008] Preferably, the laying thickness of Material A is 15 - 20 cm, the compaction density of Material A ≥ 90%, the humidity of the first wet curing is 85% - 95%, and the curing time of the first wet curing is 7 - 21 days.

[0009] Preferably, the laying thickness of the mixture of Material A and Material B is 10 - 15 cm, the compaction density of the mixture of Material A and Material B ≥ 85%, the humidity of the second wet curing is 85% - 95%, and the curing time of the second wet curing is 21 - 28 days.

[0010] Preferably, the laying thickness of Material B is 10 - 15 cm, the compaction density of Material B ≥ 50%, the humidity of the third wet curing is 80% - 90%, and the curing time of the third wet curing is 7 - 14 days.

[0011] In the present invention, the wet curing method includes, but is not limited to, various curing methods such as the automatic spraying system, plastic film covering, and breathable sunscreen cloth listed in the embodiments. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable curing method according to the actual engineering situation and material characteristics. Through continuous wet curing for a certain period of time, the bonding force and stability between the layers of materials can be ensured.

[0012] Preferably, the water level transition area is ±0.5 m of the water level line; the area above the water level line is from the upper boundary line of the water level transition area to the slope top; the area below the water level line is from the slope bottom to the lower boundary line of the water level transition area.

[0013] Preferably, the activated incinerator slag powder includes at least one of alkaline activated incinerator slag powder and heat treatment activated incinerator slag powder.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the alkaline activated incinerator slag powder includes the following steps: at 10 - 50 °C, soak the incinerator slag powder in an alkaline solution for 4 - 24 h, and obtain the alkaline activated incinerator slag powder after filtration and drying.

[0015] Preferably, the solid - liquid ratio of the incinerator slag powder to the alkaline solution is 1:(5 - 10); the concentration of the alkaline solution is 1 wt% - 5 wt%.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the heat-treated activated incinerator slag powder comprises the following steps: heating the incinerator slag powder in an air atmosphere to 500-800 °C, holding for 1-3 h, and cooling to obtain the heat-treated activated incinerator slag powder. Heat treatment activates the amorphous phase and promotes the fragmentation of the vitreous structure, thereby releasing potential hydraulic components. Before heat treatment, it is preferable to crush the slag to a particle size of less than 100 μm to enhance heat conduction and reaction activity.

[0017] Preferably, the particle size of the plant ash residue is < 1 mm; the length of the plant fiber is < 5 cm. The advantages of the particle size of the plant ash residue being less than 1 mm are as follows: on the one hand, smaller particles have a larger specific surface area, which is conducive to the rapid and efficient release of nutrients such as potassium and calcium required by plants, facilitating plant absorption and utilization; on the other hand, fine particles can be more evenly mixed with components such as dredged silt to form a homogeneous plant growth substrate and contribute to improving the micropore structure of the substrate. The advantages of the plant fiber length being less than 5 cm are as follows: firstly, shorter fibers are not easily entangled and agglomerated when mixed with other components, ensuring the uniform dispersion of the fibers in the material, thus forming a more effective reinforcement network inside the material and improving the toughness and crack resistance of the material; secondly, fibers of appropriate length can form pores of appropriate size during the later degradation process, which is beneficial to improving the air and water permeability of the material and promoting the growth of plant roots; thirdly, shorter fibers are also more convenient for construction operations and compaction of the material.

[0018] Preferably, the slope is a waterfront slope or a wetland slope, and the water level fluctuation range of the slope is ±1.5 m.

[0019] The principle of the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: (1) Optimization of the material formula for laying in the area below the water level line: The activated incinerator slag powder provides a basic solidification effect, enhancing the hydrolysis resistance and long-term stability of the material; the iron-carbon powder enhances the compactness and durability of the material, inhibiting erosion and crack propagation in a long-term immersion environment; hemihydrate phosphogypsum improves the water stability and overall strength of the material, and reduces the risk of phosphorus dissolution through a slow-release mechanism; cement improves the strength and water stability of the material; dredged silt serves as the main filling substrate and skeleton material here, not only realizing the resource utilization of waste dredged silt, but also providing the necessary plasticity and volume for the formula. Its fine particle characteristics help to fill the pores between other components and improve the density of the material. At the same time, some mineral components in the silt can participate in or affect the hydration reaction process of the curing agent, contributing to the final physical and mechanical properties of the material.

[0020] For the area below the water level line, the basic strength requirement is retained, while the activation treatment of the incinerator slag is enhanced to improve its water resistance and adapt to the long-term immersion conditions in the wetland environment. By adjusting the ratio of incinerator slag powder to hemihydrate phosphogypsum and optimizing the curing reaction time and strength, long-term stability is ensured. Adjust the ratio of iron-carbon powder according to humidity and erosion conditions to inhibit the generation of interface cracks.

[0021] (2)Optimization of the laying material formula for the area above the water level line: The plant ash residue provides nutrients such as potassium and calcium required for plant growth and improves the soil structure through biological activity; the plant fiber enhances toughness and crack resistance, improving the ecological adaptability of the slope materials; the activated incinerator slag powder enhances the structural strength of the materials; the dredged silt mainly serves as the basic medium and carrier for plant growth here. Utilizing its water and fertilizer retention characteristics, it provides water and nutrients for plant roots. At the same time, it is also the main component for realizing the resource utilization of waste and provides the necessary volume and plasticity for the entire slope protection material, facilitating uniform mixing with ecological improvers such as plant fibers and subsequent construction.

[0022] For the materials in the area above the water level line, by increasing the proportion of plant fiber and plant ash residue, the toughness and crack resistance of the materials are improved. At the same time, the degradability of the materials is ensured, the air permeability and biological adaptability are enhanced, plant growth is promoted, and the ecological restoration function is strengthened.

[0023] (3)Treatment of the interface bonding of the transition layer: Between the materials below the water level line and the transition layer, through mechanical stirring and moderate wetting, the physical bonding force between the two is ensured. Since the two are essentially similar solidified substances, the seamless connection of the transition zone can be gradually achieved by adjusting the construction ratio. Between the transition layer and the materials above the water level line, through careful compaction, the interface adhesion is enhanced.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By deeply analyzing the hydrological conditions and the physical properties of the dredged silt, the present invention optimizes the material composition, constructs a double-layered formula design based on below and above the water level line and an optimized process for the interface transition layer, which not only ensures the water stability of the slope materials but also significantly enhances the ecological function of the materials, enabling them to have long-term stability and biocompatibility in complex environments. The ecological slope protection method provided by the present invention improves the plant growth environment, promotes the roots to stabilize the slope, and restores ecological diversity; efficiently utilizes the dredged silt, incinerator slag, and plant ash residue, promoting the high-value conversion of industrial by-products; the ecological slope protection method provided by the present invention has construction flexibility, can adjust the formula according to hydrological conditions, has low construction difficulty, and relatively low comprehensive cost. Specific embodiments

[0025] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, so they are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] For those not specifying specific techniques or conditions in the embodiments, they shall be carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product specifications. For reagents or instruments without indicating the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0027] In the following embodiments of the present invention, the incinerator slag powder is taken from the incineration residue of a domestic waste incineration plant; the iron-carbon powder is purchased from a commercial enterprise with a particle size ≤ 45 microns; The plant ash residue is taken from the ash residue generated by the combustion of straw in a power plant boiler, with a potassium content ≥ 4%, and after being pulverized and sieved, the particle size < 1 mm.

[0028] The plant fiber is natural hemp fiber with a length < 5 cm.

[0029] Example 1 (1) Site conditions Geographic location: On the shore of a city lake, the slope height is about 2.5 meters and the slope is 1:2.

[0030] Hydrographic conditions: The water level fluctuation in the construction area is ±1.5 meters, and the average annual change frequency of the water level is 3 times / month.

[0031] Environmental conditions: The surface soil of the lake shore is loose, the vegetation coverage rate is less than 20%, and the regional soil lacks organic matter and nutrients.

[0032] (2) Material formula design Material A formula (by weight) for the area below the water level line: 45 parts of dredged silt, 25 parts of activated incinerator slag powder, 10 parts of iron-carbon powder, 10 parts of hemihydrate phosphogypsum (particle size 100 mesh, purity ≥ 95%), 10 parts of cement (PO 42.5).

[0033] Material B formula for the area above the water level line: 40 parts of dredged silt, 30 parts of plant ash residue, 10 parts of plant fiber, 10 parts of activated incinerator slag powder, 5 parts of cement (PO 42.5).

[0034] The activated incinerator slag powder is the incinerator slag powder activated by alkali, and the alkali activation method is as follows: Take the incinerator slag powder and 2wt% NaOH solution and mix them according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1:6, soak for 12 hours at room temperature, then filter and dry for standby.

[0035] Material formula for the transition layer area: Mix material A and material B according to a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0036] (3) Slope protection method ① Preparation before construction: Measure the position of the water level line, determine the scope of the construction area, clean the loose soil and debris on the slope surface, and slightly level the slope surface with an excavator; equip with a mobile mixer, a compactor and wet curing equipment.

[0037] ② Construction in layers Construction in the area below the water level line (referring to the lower boundary line of the transition area from the slope bottom to the water level line): Lay the first layer of Material A, and use a loader to evenly lay Material A on the slope surface with a thickness of 15 cm; finally, use a vibratory compactor for segmented compaction to ensure that the compaction density ≥ 90%; and use an automatic spraying system for wet curing to keep the humidity at 85% - 95% for 14 days.

[0038] Construction in the water level transition area (referring to the area within ±0.5 m of the water level line): Make Material A and Material B fully mixed by mechanical stirring according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixture of Material A and Material B, and use a small compactor to evenly lay (with a thickness of 10 cm) and compact the mixture of Material A and Material B to ensure that the compaction density reaches 85% - 90%. After completion, cover it with a plastic film to ensure that the humidity of the transition layer is controlled at 85% - 95% and continuously cure for 21 days.

[0039] Construction in the area above the water level line (referring to the upper boundary line of the water level transition area to the slope top): Lay Material B (with a thickness of 10 cm), and use a compactor for compaction to ensure that the compaction density reaches 50% - 60%. After completion, cover the material with a breathable sunscreen cloth for wet curing. The curing time is 14 days. Regularly check the moisture condition and spray water in a timely manner to prevent the material from being too dry, and keep the humidity at 80% - 90%.

[0040] (4)Implementation effect After 28 days of continuous immersion in water, the mass loss rate of the material below the water level line is less than 3%; the material above the water level line still maintains its structural integrity after multiple rains. Three months after the material is laid, the plant coverage rate is significantly increased from less than 20% before construction to 78%, and the average height of the main herbaceous plants in the area is increased by 28% compared with the reference area (the non-constructed area).

[0041] Example 2 (1)On-site situation Geographical location: Soil of a certain wetland, with a slope height of about 3 meters and a slope ratio of 1:3.

[0042] Hydrological conditions: The water level fluctuates by ±1.2 meters, the water level changes slowly, and the average annual change frequency is 2 times / month.

[0043] Environmental conditions: The wetland soil has a high water content, a vegetation coverage rate of about 40%, relatively rich soil organic matter, but the local exposed ground surface is easily affected by erosion.

[0044] (2)Material formula design Formula of Material A for the area below the water level line (by weight): 45 parts of dredged silt, 28 parts of activated incinerator slag powder, 10 parts of iron-carbon powder, 7 parts of hemihydrate phosphogypsum, and 3 parts of cement, which are mixed evenly in proportion.

[0045] Formula of Material B for the area below the water level line (by weight): 50 parts of dredged silt, 30 parts of plant ash residue, 10 parts of plant fiber, 7 parts of activated incinerator slag powder, and 3 parts of cement, which are mixed evenly in proportion.

[0046] The activated incinerator slag powder is the incinerator slag powder after heat treatment. The heat treatment method is as follows: The incinerator slag is crushed to a particle size less than 100μm, and the incinerator slag powder is heated to 650°C in an air atmosphere and kept warm for 2 hours, and then cooled for standby.

[0047] Transition layer material: It is composed of Material A and Material B mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0048] (3)Slope protection method ① Preparation before construction: Accurately measure the range of the water level line. Considering the slow change of the wetland water level, ensure clear construction demarcation, remove the surface debris on the slope and level it moderately. Pay special attention to retaining the original soil structure to avoid damaging the wetland microbial environment, and prepare small mixers, compaction equipment and wet curing equipment.

[0049] ② Layered construction: Construction in the area below the water level line (referring to the lower boundary line of the transition area from the slope bottom to the water level line): The laying thickness of Material A is 15 cm, and it is lightly compacted with a vibratory compactor. The compaction density ≥ 85%, adapting to the relatively soft soil environment of the wetland, with the humidity maintained at 85% - 90%, and the curing time is 21 days.

[0050] Construction in the transition layer area (referring to the area within ±0.5m of the water level line): Mix Material A and Material B in a mass ratio of 1:1, stir evenly, lay with a thickness of 12 cm, and compact lightly to ensure uniform layer-by-layer transition of materials. The compaction density ≥ 85%. After completion, cover it with a plastic film to ensure that the humidity of the transition layer is controlled at 85% - 95%, and continue to cure for 28 days.

[0051] Construction in the area above the water level line (referring to the upper boundary line of the water level transition area to the slope top): The laying thickness of the material above the water level line is 15 cm. During construction, it is laid and leveled with a screeding machine to ensure that the compaction density ≥ 50%. After completion, cover it with a breathable and sun-proof cloth, carry out wet curing for 7 days, regularly check the moisture condition and spray water in a timely manner to prevent the material from being too dry, and keep the humidity at 80% - 90%.

[0052] (4)Implementation effect The mass loss rate of materials below the water level was less than 3.5% after continuous immersion in water for 28 days; the materials above the water level did not crack. Within 6 months after construction, the vegetation coverage rate increased from 40% to 95%, and the average height of the main herbaceous plants in the area increased by 32% compared with the reference area (unconstructed area).

[0053] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the area below the water level line, the transition area of ​​the water level line and the area above the water level line adopt the same formula (by weight): 40 parts of dredged sludge, 30 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of plant fiber, 10 parts of activated incineration slag powder, and 5 parts of cement (PO 42.5). The slope protection method and steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0054] After being continuously immersed in water for 28 days, the materials below the water level began to crack on the slope surface.

[0055] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the area below the water level line, the water level line transition area and the area above the water level line adopt the same formula (by weight): 45 parts of dredged sludge, 25 parts of activated incineration slag powder, 10 parts of iron-carbon powder, 10 parts of hemihydrate phosphogypsum (particle size 100 mesh, purity ≥95%), and 10 parts of cement (PO 42.5).

[0056] Three months after the materials were laid, the vegetation coverage rate was less than 30%, and the ecological restoration effect was not ideal.

[0057] The results of comparative examples 1 and 2 show that if the same formula is used in the area below and above the water level (without functional zoning), the material structure continuity is poor, the interface bonding is weak, and the ecological restoration ability is poor under dynamic water level fluctuations. The reasons are: 1) The material performance cannot take into account the needs of different hydrological conditions: if a formula that focuses on underwater stability is used, the air permeability, water retention and nutrient supply capacity of the above-water part are insufficient, which is not conducive to plant growth; if only an ecological formula that focuses on plant growth is used, the hydrolysis resistance, scouring resistance and mechanical strength of the underwater part are not enough to resist long-term immersion and water flow. 2) Lack of targeted interface treatment: Without functional zoning and transition layer design, a single material is subjected to repeated dry and wet environmental stresses in the water level fluctuation zone, which is prone to fatigue damage, resulting in material cracking, strength attenuation, and structural continuity damage. 3) Limitations of ecological functions: A single formula is difficult to simultaneously meet the dual goals of underwater stability and above-water vegetation restoration, resulting in low overall ecological restoration effects and the inability to form a stable water-land transition zone ecosystem.

[0058] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: Material formula below the water level line (by weight): 60 parts of dredged silt, 25 parts of activated incinerator slag powder, 10 parts of iron-carbon powder, 2 parts of hemihydrate phosphogypsum (particle size 100 mesh, purity ≥ 95%), 10 parts of cement (PO 42.5).

[0059] Material formula above the water level line: 10 parts of dredged silt, 60 parts of plant ash residue, 10 parts of plant fiber, 10 parts of activated incinerator slag powder, 5 parts of cement (PO 42.5).

[0060] The steps of the slope protection method are the same as those in Example 1.

[0061] The implementation effect shows that erosion and delamination phenomena appear on the slope surface, and the vegetation coverage rate is less than 10%.

[0062] The erosion, delamination phenomena and the decrease of vegetation coverage rate in Comparative Example 3 are due to the following reasons: 1) Failure of materials in the underwater area: Due to the excessive content of dredged silt and the low content of hemihydrate phosphogypsum, the curing strength of Material A in the underwater area is seriously insufficient, and the anti-hydrolysis ability is poor. Under long-term immersion and hydrodynamic action, it quickly softens, the strength decays or even disintegrates, losing the bearing capacity as the foundation of the slope structure. This is the main internal cause leading to the instability of the overlying structure, erosion and delamination. 2) The materials in the above-water area are not suitable for plant growth and have poor self-stability: The excessive content of plant ash residue makes the alkalinity of Material B too strong, seriously inhibiting the colonization and growth of plants, resulting in a very low vegetation coverage rate and the lack of the fixation and protection of vegetation roots on the slope surface. At the same time, the excessive plant ash residue also makes the structural strength and erosion resistance of this layer of materials poor, and it is easy to loosen and be eroded. 3) Failure of interlayer bonding: The damage of the underwater base layer materials will inevitably lead to the loss or sharp weakening of the bonding force between it and the overlying transition layer or the above-water layer materials. Under the action of external forces such as water level fluctuations and rainfall, relative displacement and separation are likely to occur between the unstable underwater layer and the fragile above-water layer, that is, delamination. The loosening and loss of the surface layer materials are manifested as erosion. The combined action of these factors ultimately leads to the overall failure of the slope protection structure and the loss of ecological functions.

[0063] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments are only examples, and embodiments with the same composition and the same function and effect as the technical idea within the technical solution scope of the present invention are all included in the technical scope of the present invention. In addition, within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention, various deformations that those skilled in the art can think of are applied to the embodiments, and other ways constructed by combining some constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A functional zoning slope protection method based on dredged silt, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Measure the position of the water level line and clean the slope surface; Lay Material A in the area below the water level line, compact it, and then conduct the first wet curing; Lay the mixture of Material A and Material B in the water level transition area, compact it, and then conduct the second wet curing; Lay Material B in the area above the water level line, compact it, and then conduct the third wet curing; Material A includes, by weight: 30-50 parts of dredged sludge, 25-35 parts of activated incinerator slag powder, 10-15 parts of iron-carbon powder, 5-10 parts of hemihydrate phosphogypsum, and 5-10 parts of cement; Material B includes, by weight: 30-50 parts of dredged sludge, 30-50 parts of plant ash residue, 5-15 parts of plant fiber, 5-10 parts of activated incinerator slag powder, and 1-5 parts of cement; 2. The functional zoning slope protection method based on dredged silt according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the mixture of Material A and Material B, the mass percentage of Material A is 40%-60%; 3. A functional partition slope protection method based on dredged silt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laying thickness of Material A is 15-20 cm, the compaction density of Material A ≥90%, the humidity of the first wet curing is 85%-95%, and the curing time of the first wet curing is 7-21 days; 4. A functional zoning slope protection method based on dredged silt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laying thickness of the mixture of Material A and Material B is 10-15 cm, the compaction density of the mixture of Material A and Material B ≥85%, the humidity of the second wet curing is 85%-95%, and the curing time of the second wet curing is 21-28 days; 5. A functional zoning slope protection method based on dredged silt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laying thickness of Material B is 10-15 cm, the compaction density of Material B ≥50%, the humidity of the third wet curing is 80%-90%, and the curing time of the third wet curing is 7-14 days; 6. The functional zoning slope protection method based on dredged silt according to claim 1, wherein, The water level transition area is ±0.5 m of the water level line; the area above the water level line is from the upper boundary line of the water level transition area to the slope top; the area below the water level line is from the slope bottom to the lower boundary line of the water level transition area; 7. A functional zoning slope protection method based on dredged silt according to claim 1, characterized in that The activated incinerator slag powder includes at least one of alkaline activated incinerator slag powder and heat treatment activated incinerator slag powder; 8. A functional zoning slope protection method based on dredged silt according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation method of the alkaline activated incinerator slag powder includes the following steps: soak the incinerator slag powder in an alkaline solution at 10-50°C for 4-24 h, filter and dry it to obtain the alkaline activated incinerator slag powder; 9. A functional zoning slope protection method based on dredged silt according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation method of the heat treatment activated incinerator slag powder includes the following steps: heat the incinerator slag powder to 500-800°C in an air atmosphere, keep it warm for 1-3 h, and cool it to obtain the heat treatment activated incinerator slag powder; 10. A functional zoning slope protection method based on dredged silt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope surface is a waterfront slope surface or a wetland slope surface, and the water level fluctuation range of the slope surface is ±1.5 m.