Antistatic agent for fuel oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an antistatic agent for fuel oil and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of petrochemical engineering, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, adding soybean lecithin and chlorosulfonic acid into dichloroethane, uniformly mixing, under the protection of nitrogen, heating and stirring for reaction, neutralizing reaction liquid, and performing rotary evaporation to obtain sulfonated soybean lecithin; the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding sulfonated soybean lecithin and ethidene diamine into absolute ethyl alcohol, then adding p-toluenesulfonic acid, heating and stirring for reaction, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain modified soybean lecithin; s2, dispersing the SiO2 particles in absolute ethyl alcohol, adding KH-550, and performing ultrasonic treatment, centrifugation and drying to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; and uniformly mixing the modified soybean lecithin and the pretreated SiO2 particles, adding the mixture into a supercritical fluid reactor, heating and pressurizing, ultrasonically dispersing, and drying to obtain the antistatic agent. The antistatic agent has the advantages of good dispersibility, strong stability and strong antistatic capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical engineering, and particularly relates to an antistatic agent for fuel and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fuels (such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, etc.) are mainly composed of hydrocarbon compounds and have extremely poor electrical conductivity. During storage, transportation, and use, static charges are easily accumulated due to friction with pipelines, containers, filtration media, etc. If the accumulation of static charges is too high, spark discharge may be triggered, posing a major safety hazard. Although traditional fuel refining processes can reduce sulfur content, they also remove natural polar substances (such as sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing compounds), further weakening the electrical conductivity of fuels and exacerbating the static electricity risk. Currently, the electrical conductivity of fuels is mainly improved by adding antistatic agents, but there are defects in the existing technologies: firstly, most antistatic agents (such as straight-chain quaternary ammonium salts and metal salts) have poor compatibility with fuels, are prone to crystal precipitation, or affect the stability of oil products; secondly, the antistatic effect decays with storage time and it is difficult to maintain long-term electrical conductivity; thirdly, some antistatic agents contain heavy metals or phosphorus elements, which do not meet environmental protection requirements.

[0003] In the prior art, the design of antistatic agents is mostly limited to single functions or structures. For example, although straight-chain quaternary ammonium salt antistatic agents can neutralize charges through ion conduction, the binding force between them and fuel molecules is weak, the water wash resistance is poor, and they are prone to decomposition and failure at high temperatures or during long-term storage. Although some composite antistatic agents improve their performance by introducing nanomaterials, they still face problems such as uneven dispersion and weak interfacial bonding.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an antistatic agent for fuel and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an antistatic agent for fuel and a preparation method thereof, which can achieve the purpose of good dispersibility, strong stability, and strong antistatic ability of the antistatic agent.

[0006] The specific solution of the present invention is as follows. A preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel includes the following steps: Step S1, preparation of modified soy lecithin: Soy lecithin and chlorosulfonic acid are added to dichloroethane and mixed evenly. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is heated and stirred for reaction, the reaction solution is neutralized, and rotary evaporation is carried out to obtain sulfonated soy lecithin; sulfonated soy lecithin and ethylenediamine are added to absolute ethanol, and then p-toluenesulfonic acid is added. The temperature is raised and stirred for reaction, and reduced pressure distillation is carried out to obtain modified soy lecithin; Step S2, preparation of the antistatic agent: Disperse SiO2 particles in absolute ethanol, add KH-550, perform ultrasonic treatment, centrifuge, and dry to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; mix modified soy lecithin and pretreated SiO2 particles evenly, add them to a supercritical fluid reactor, raise the temperature and pressure, perform ultrasonic dispersion, rapidly release the pressure, and dry to obtain an antistatic agent.

[0007] Soy lecithin is a natural amphiphilic molecule. Its polar head phosphoric acid group and choline group can provide strong polar sites, which can adsorb charged ions in fuel. Its non-polar part has two long-chain fatty acids, which are similar to the hydrocarbon structure of fuel and can be spontaneously dispersed in fuel, reducing the surface tension of fuel, inhibiting the accumulation of static charges, and reducing the density of static charges. In addition, soy lecithin also has self-assembly characteristics and can form reverse micelles in fuel. The internal polar core can capture charge carriers, while the external hydrophobic layer of unsaturated fatty acids can scavenge free radicals, delay oxidation, and avoid the aggravation of static electricity caused by oxidation products.

[0008] By sulfonating soy lecithin to introduce sulfonic acid groups and then performing amination modification with ethylenediamine to introduce amino groups, stronger polarity and ionic characteristics can be brought to soy lecithin, promoting ion migration and helping to quickly neutralize the static charges generated by the flow friction of fuel, thus enhancing the charge neutralization ability.

[0009] By using supercritical fluid to compound modified soy lecithin and modified SiO2, its high shear force can break the SiO2 aggregates, and the efficient dispersion of SiO2 nanoparticles can be achieved. The supercritical fluid can reduce the glass transition temperature of modified soy lecithin, promote the flexible movement of its molecular chains, coat the SiO2 nanoparticles to form a stable core-shell structure, and enable the antistatic agent to maintain conductivity at high temperatures. And the SiO2 nanoparticles, as an inert core, can inhibit the thermal movement of the soy lecithin molecular chains, help to slow down the phenomenon of thermal oxidation and chain breakage at high temperatures, improve the thermal stability of the antistatic agent, and at the same time, soy lecithin can avoid the aggregation of SiO2.

[0010] The mesoporous structure of the antistatic agent itself can serve as a fast channel for electron transfer. The subsequent rapid pressure release process makes the antistatic agent form micropores, which can temporarily store a part of the static charges and buffer the accumulation of static charges. The two work together to further reduce the static electricity effect in fuel.

[0011] Preferably, in the step S1, the ratio of soy lecithin to chlorosulfonic acid is 1:1.2; the ratio of sulfonated soy lecithin to ethylenediamine is 1:2.

[0012] Preferably, in the step S1, the temperature of heating and stirring is 40 - 45 °C, the speed is 300 - 400 r / min, and the time is 2 - 4 h.

[0013] Preferably, in the step S1, 5-10wt% sodium bicarbonate solution is used for neutralization.

[0014] Preferably, in the step S1, the temperature for heating and stirring is 60-70°C, the speed is 350-450 r / min, and the time is 3-5 h.

[0015] Preferably, in the step S2, the ratio of modified soy lecithin to pretreated SiO2 particles is (3-5):1.

[0016] Preferably, in the step S2, the supercritical fluid is liquid CO2.

[0017] Supercritical fluid CO2 has high diffusivity, low viscosity, and strong dissolution ability, and can strip particle aggregates through microjets and shock waves to achieve nanoscale dispersion.

[0018] Preferably, the flow rate of liquid CO2 is 9-11 L / min.

[0019] Enhance mass transfer efficiency and prevent local concentration unevenness.

[0020] Preferably, in the step S2, the temperature for heating and pressurizing is 35-40°C, the pressure is 8-12 MPa, and the time is 10-20 min; the time for ultrasonic treatment is 20-30 min.

[0021] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides an antistatic agent for fuel produced by the preparation method of the above antistatic agent for fuel, which includes the following components in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of modified soy lecithin and 1-2 parts of pretreated SiO2 particles.

[0022] Preferably, the thermosensitive nanocapsule includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: The modified soy lecithin includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of soy lecithin, 18-24 parts of chlorosulfonic acid, and 24-30 parts of ethylenediamine; The pretreated SiO2 particles include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of SiO2 particles and 0.5-1 part of KH-550.

[0023] The antistatic agent prepared by using the above components in parts by weight has the best effect.

[0024] The above technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1)Soybean lecithin is a natural amphiphilic molecule. It can not only adsorb charged ions in fuel but also achieve spontaneous dispersion in fuel, reduce the surface tension of fuel, inhibit the accumulation of static charges, and reduce the density of static charges. In addition, it can capture charge carriers through the internal polar nucleus and scavenge free radicals through external unsaturated fatty acids, delaying the aggravation of static electricity caused by oxidation.

[0025] (2)By sulfonating soybean lecithin to introduce sulfonic acid groups and then performing amination modification with ethylenediamine to introduce amino groups, stronger polarity and ionic properties can be imparted to soybean lecithin, promoting ion migration, helping the antistatic agent quickly neutralize the static charges generated by the flow friction of fuel, and enhancing the charge neutralization ability.

[0026] (3)By using supercritical fluid to compound modified soybean lecithin and modified SiO2, efficient dispersion of SiO2 nanoparticles can be achieved, and the supercritical fluid can reduce the glass transition temperature of modified soybean lecithin to form a stable core-shell structure by coating the SiO2 nanoparticles. At the same time, the SiO2 nanoparticles can inhibit the thermal movement of the molecular chain of soybean lecithin and enhance the thermal stability of the antistatic agent. Detailed implementation mode

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1 15 parts of soybean lecithin and 18 parts of chlorosulfonic acid were added to dichloroethane and mixed evenly. Under nitrogen protection, it was heated to 45°C, stirring was started at a speed of 350 r / min, and the reaction time was 3 h. After the reaction ended, a 5-10 wt% sodium bicarbonate solution was added to neutralize the reaction solution to a pH of 6-7, rotary evaporation was carried out, and vacuum drying was performed to obtain sulfonated soybean lecithin; 12 parts of sulfonated lecithin and 24 parts of ethylenediamine were added to absolute ethanol, and p-toluenesulfonic acid was added as a catalyst. It was heated to 65°C and stirred and reacted at a speed of 400 r / min for 4 h. Ethanol was recovered by reduced pressure distillation, washed three times with ether, and vacuum dried at 60°C to obtain modified soybean lecithin.

[0029] Disperse 2 parts of SiO2 particles in absolute ethanol, add 0.5 part of KH-550, perform ultrasonic treatment at 60 °C, centrifuge, and dry to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; mix 4 parts of modified soy lecithin and 1 part of SiO2 particles evenly in a ratio of 4:1, add them to a supercritical fluid reactor, inject liquid CO2 at a rate of 10 L / min, heat to 40 °C, and pressurize to 10 MPa, react for 10 min, then perform ultrasonic dispersion for 30 min, rapidly depressurize, dry under vacuum, and sieve to obtain an antistatic agent.

[0030] Example 2 Add 20 parts of soy lecithin and 24 parts of chlorosulfonic acid to dichloroethane and mix evenly. Under nitrogen protection, heat to 42 °C, start stirring at a speed of 300 r / min, and react for 4 h. After the reaction, add a 5-10 wt% sodium bicarbonate solution to neutralize the reaction solution to pH 6-7, perform rotary evaporation, and dry under vacuum to obtain sulfonated soy lecithin; add 15 parts of sulfonated lecithin and 30 parts of ethylenediamine to absolute ethanol, add p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst, heat to 60 °C, stir and react at a speed of 350 / min for 5 h, recover ethanol by vacuum distillation under reduced pressure, wash three times with ether, and dry under vacuum at 60 °C to obtain modified soy lecithin.

[0031] Disperse 3 parts of SiO2 particles in absolute ethanol, add 1 part of KH-550, perform ultrasonic treatment at 60 °C, centrifuge, and dry to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; mix 8 parts of modified soy lecithin and 2 parts of SiO2 particles evenly in a ratio of 4:1, add them to a supercritical fluid reactor, inject liquid CO2 at a rate of 9 L / min, heat to 35 °C, and pressurize to 12 MPa, react for 15 min, then perform ultrasonic dispersion for 25 min, rapidly depressurize, dry under vacuum, and sieve to obtain an antistatic agent.

[0032] Example 3 Add 15 parts of soy lecithin and 18 parts of chlorosulfonic acid to dichloroethane and mix evenly. Under nitrogen protection, heat to 40 °C, start stirring at a speed of 400 r / min, and react for 2 h. After the reaction, add a 5-10 wt% sodium bicarbonate solution to neutralize the reaction solution to pH 6-7, perform rotary evaporation, and dry under vacuum to obtain sulfonated soy lecithin; add 12-15 parts of sulfonated lecithin and 24-30 parts of ethylenediamine to absolute ethanol, add p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst, heat to 70 °C, stir and react at a speed of 450 r / min for 3 h, recover ethanol by vacuum distillation under reduced pressure, wash three times with ether, and dry under vacuum at 60 °C to obtain modified soy lecithin.

[0033] Disperse 4 parts of SiO2 particles in absolute ethanol, add 1 part of KH-550, perform ultrasonic treatment at 60 °C, centrifuge, and dry to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; mix 6 parts of modified soy lecithin and 1.5 parts of SiO2 particles evenly in a ratio of 4:1, add them to a supercritical fluid reactor, inject liquid CO2 at a speed of 11 L / min, heat to 40 °C, and pressurize to 8 MPa, react for 20 min, then perform ultrasonic dispersion for 25 min, quickly release the pressure, vacuum dry, and sieve to obtain an antistatic agent.

[0034] Example 4 Add 15 parts of soy lecithin and 18 parts of chlorosulfonic acid to dichloroethane and mix evenly. Under nitrogen protection, heat to 45 °C, start stirring at a speed of 350 r / min, and react for 3 h. After the reaction, add a 5-10 wt% sodium bicarbonate solution to neutralize the reaction solution to pH 6-7, perform rotary evaporation, and vacuum dry to obtain sulfonated soy lecithin; add 12 parts of sulfonated lecithin and 24 parts of ethylenediamine to absolute ethanol, add p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst, heat to 65 °C, stir and react at a speed of 400 r / min for 4 h, distill under reduced pressure to recover ethanol, wash three times with ether, and vacuum dry at 60 °C to obtain modified soy lecithin.

[0035] Disperse 4 parts of SiO2 particles in absolute ethanol, add 1 part of KH-550, perform ultrasonic treatment at 60 °C, centrifuge, and dry to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; mix 6 parts of modified soy lecithin and 1.5 parts of SiO2 particles evenly in a ratio of 4:1, add them to a supercritical fluid reactor, inject liquid CO2 at a speed of 11 L / min, heat to 40 °C, and pressurize to 8 MPa, react for 20 min, then perform ultrasonic dispersion for 25 min, quickly release the pressure, vacuum dry, and sieve to obtain an antistatic agent.

[0036] Example 5 Add 20 parts of soy lecithin and 24 parts of chlorosulfonic acid to dichloroethane and mix evenly. Under nitrogen protection, heat to 42 °C, start stirring at a speed of 300 r / min, and react for 4 h. After the reaction, add a 5-10 wt% sodium bicarbonate solution to neutralize the reaction solution to pH 6-7, perform rotary evaporation, and vacuum dry to obtain sulfonated soy lecithin; add 15 parts of sulfonated lecithin and 30 parts of ethylenediamine to absolute ethanol, add p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst, heat to 60 °C, stir and react at a speed of 350 / min for 5 h, distill under reduced pressure to recover ethanol, wash three times with ether, and vacuum dry at 60 °C to obtain modified soy lecithin.

[0037] Disperse 2 parts of SiO2 particles in absolute ethanol, add 0.5 part of KH-550, perform ultrasonic treatment at 60 °C, centrifuge, and dry to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; mix 4 parts of modified soy lecithin and 1 part of SiO2 particles evenly in a ratio of 4:1, add them to a supercritical fluid reactor, inject liquid CO2 at a speed of 10 L / min, heat to 40 °C, and pressurize to 10 MPa, react for 10 min, then perform ultrasonic dispersion for 30 min, rapidly depressurize, vacuum dry, and screen to obtain an antistatic agent.

[0038] Example 6 Add 15 parts of soy lecithin and 18 parts of chlorosulfonic acid to dichloroethane and mix evenly. Under nitrogen protection, heat to 40 °C, start stirring at a speed of 400 r / min, and react for 2 h. After the reaction, add a 5-10 wt% sodium bicarbonate solution to neutralize the reaction solution to pH 6-7, perform rotary evaporation, and vacuum dry to obtain sulfonated soy lecithin; add 12-15 parts of sulfonated lecithin and 24-30 parts of ethylenediamine to absolute ethanol, add p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst, heat to 70 °C, stir and react at a speed of 450 r / min for 3 h, distill under reduced pressure to recover ethanol, wash three times with ether, and vacuum dry at 60 °C to obtain modified soy lecithin.

[0039] Disperse 3 parts of SiO2 particles in absolute ethanol, add 0.5 part of KH-550, perform ultrasonic treatment at 60 °C, centrifuge, and dry to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; mix 6 parts of modified soy lecithin and 1.5 parts of SiO2 particles evenly in a ratio of 4:1, add them to a supercritical fluid reactor, inject liquid CO2 at a speed of 11 L / min, heat to 40 °C, and pressurize to 11 MPa, react for 15 min, then perform ultrasonic dispersion for 25 min, rapidly depressurize, vacuum dry, and screen to obtain an antistatic agent.

[0040] Example 7 Add 20 parts of soy lecithin and 24 parts of chlorosulfonic acid to dichloroethane and mix evenly. Under nitrogen protection, heat to 42 °C, start stirring at a speed of 300 r / min, and react for 4 h. After the reaction, add a 5-10 wt% sodium bicarbonate solution to neutralize the reaction solution to pH 6-7, perform rotary evaporation, and vacuum dry to obtain sulfonated soy lecithin; add 15 parts of sulfonated lecithin and 30 parts of ethylenediamine to absolute ethanol, add p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst, heat to 60 °C, stir and react at a speed of 350 / min for 5 h, distill under reduced pressure to recover ethanol, wash three times with ether, and vacuum dry at 60 °C to obtain modified soy lecithin.

[0041] Disperse 2 parts of SiO2 particles in absolute ethanol, add 1 part of KH-550, ultrasonically treat at 60 °C, centrifuge, and dry to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; mix 6 parts of modified soy lecithin and 1.5 parts of SiO2 particles evenly in a ratio of 4:1, add them to a supercritical fluid reactor, inject liquid CO2 at a speed of 11 L / min, heat to 40 °C, and pressurize to 9 MPa, react for 15 min, then ultrasonically disperse for 25 min, quickly release the pressure, vacuum dry, and sieve to obtain an antistatic agent.

[0042] Example 8 Add 15 parts of soy lecithin and 18 parts of chlorosulfonic acid to dichloroethane and mix evenly. Under nitrogen protection, heat to 40 °C, start stirring at a speed of 400 r / min, and react for 2 h. After the reaction, add a 5-10 wt% sodium bicarbonate solution to neutralize the reaction solution to pH 6-7, rotary evaporate, and vacuum dry to obtain sulfonated soy lecithin; add 12-15 parts of sulfonated lecithin and 24-30 parts of ethylenediamine to absolute ethanol, add p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst, heat to 70 °C, stir and react at a speed of 450 r / min for 3 h, distill under reduced pressure to recover ethanol, wash three times with ether, and vacuum dry at 60 °C to obtain modified soy lecithin.

[0043] Disperse 4 parts of SiO2 particles in absolute ethanol, add 0.5 part of KH-550, ultrasonically treat at 60 °C, centrifuge, and dry to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; mix 4 parts of modified soy lecithin and 1 part of SiO2 particles evenly in a ratio of 4:1, add them to a supercritical fluid reactor, inject liquid CO2 at a speed of 10 L / min, heat to 40 °C, and pressurize to 10 MPa, react for 10 min, then ultrasonically disperse for 30 min, quickly release the pressure, vacuum dry, and sieve to obtain an antistatic agent.

[0044] The present invention also carried out comparative examples and related tests.

[0045] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the soy lecithin was not sulfonated, and the other components and preparation methods were the same as those in Example 1, and an antistatic agent was prepared.

[0046] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the soy lecithin was not aminated, and the other components and preparation methods were the same as those in Example 1, and an antistatic agent was prepared.

[0047] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that instead of using supercritical fluid treatment, modified soy lecithin and pretreated SiO2 particles were directly mixed, and the other components and preparation methods were the same as those in Example 1, and an antistatic agent was prepared.

[0048] Performance detection test The antistatic agents prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to performance tests, and the test standard was GB / T6539-1997. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0049] Table 1

[0050] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 1, sulfonation of soy lecithin was not carried out, and its conductivity decreased significantly and the charge decay time increased, indicating that the sulfonic acid group is beneficial to enhancing the charge neutralization ability of the antistatic agent; compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 2, the sulfonated soy lecithin was not further aminated, resulting in a decrease in the conductivity of the antistatic agent, indicating that the introduction of amino groups can increase the ionic properties of soy lecithin and promote the improvement of the charge neutralization ability of the antistatic agent; compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 3, its antistatic performance is insufficient, indicating that the treatment with supercritical fluid can promote the formation of mesopores and micropores in the antistatic agent and improve the action efficiency of the antistatic agent.

[0051] The antistatic agents prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to dispersion and stability tests. Under the condition of 120 °C, the thermal stability of the antistatic agent was tested for 24 h, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0052] Table 2

[0053] As can be seen from the results in Table 2 above, the antistatic agents obtained in Examples 1-8 have stable performance, and the thermal stability and dispersion of Comparative Example 3 have a significant decline, indicating that the formation of a core-shell structure by supercritical fluid treatment helps to improve the thermal stability of the antistatic agent and can also avoid agglomeration and promote better dispersion of the antistatic agent.

[0054] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make several improvements and refinements, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S1, preparation of modified soy lecithin: Add soy lecithin and chlorosulfonic acid into dichloroethane and mix evenly. Under nitrogen protection, heat and stir for reaction, neutralize the reaction solution, and perform rotary evaporation to obtain sulfonated soy lecithin; add sulfonated soy lecithin and ethylenediamine into absolute ethanol, then add p-toluenesulfonic acid, raise the temperature and stir for reaction, and perform vacuum distillation to obtain modified soy lecithin; Step S2, preparation of antistatic agent: Disperse SiO2 particles in absolute ethanol, add KH-550, perform ultrasonic treatment, centrifuge, and dry to obtain pretreated SiO2 particles; mix the modified soy lecithin and the pretreated SiO2 particles evenly, add them into a supercritical fluid reactor, raise the temperature and pressure, perform ultrasonic dispersion, and obtain the antistatic agent after drying.

2. The preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that In the said step S1, the ratio of soy lecithin to chlorosulfonic acid is 1:1.2; the ratio of sulfonated soy lecithin to ethylenediamine is 1:

2.

3. The preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the said step S1, the temperature of heating and stirring is 40-45°C, the speed is 300-400 r / min, and the time is 2-4 h.

4. The preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the said step S1, the 5-10%wt sodium bicarbonate solution is used for neutralization.

5. The preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the said step S1, the temperature of raising the temperature and stirring is 60-70°C, the speed is 350-450 r / min, and the time is 3-5 h.

6. The preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that In the said step S2, the ratio of modified soy lecithin to pretreated SiO2 particles is (3-5):

1.

7. The preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the said step S2, the supercritical fluid is liquid CO2; the flow rate of liquid CO2 is 9-11 L / min.

8. The preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the said step S2, the temperature of raising the temperature and pressure is 35-40°C, the pressure is 8-12 MPa, the time is 10-20 min; the time of ultrasonic treatment is 20-30 min.

9. An antistatic agent for fuel, characterized in that, Prepared by using the preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel oil described in any one of claims 1-8, and includes the following components in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of modified soy lecithin and 1-2 parts of pretreated SiO2 particles.

10. The preparation method of an antistatic agent for fuel according to claim 9, wherein, The said modified soy lecithin includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of soy lecithin, 18-24 parts of chlorosulfonic acid, and 24-30 parts of ethylenediamine; The said pretreated SiO2 particles include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of SiO2 particles and 0.5-1 part of KH-550.

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