Partitioned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blade and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a partitioned electric heating deicing device suitable for a long blade and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of deicing of blades of a wind driven generator. The device comprises a blade body, and the leeside and the windward side of the blade body are each provided with a plurality of blade single-face electric heating units which are independently powered and controlled. The power density of each blade single-face electric heating unit is sequentially increased in the direction from the blade root to the blade tip of the blade body. The surface of the blade is divided into a plurality of independently-controlled electric heating units, and differential heating strategies can be implemented according to icing thicknesses and heat loss characteristics of different areas. For example, the blade tip area is high in linear speed and large in convective heat transfer coefficient, a high-power unit is started preferentially, it is ensured that the ice layer is collapsed at the initial stage of formation, and energy consumption surge caused by ice layer accumulation is avoided. A traditional whole electric heating film needs full-power operation in the whole process, and heat supply according to needs is achieved through partition control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of deicing of wind turbine blades and relates to a partitioned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades and a control method. Background Art

[0002] As the wind power industry continues to grow and develop, production is increasingly moving towards greater efficiency, safety, and economy, placing higher technical demands on supporting equipment for wind power systems. Wind turbines in low-temperature regions, for example, often suffer from blade icing caused by prolonged low temperatures and high humidity during winter. Blade icing not only severely impacts turbine operation but also poses significant safety risks to nearby facilities and personnel. Blade icing alters the airfoil profile, causing a 15% to 30% decrease in lift coefficient and an increase in drag coefficient by over 50%, directly reducing turbine efficiency. For example, at -5°C and 90% relative humidity, a 3mm ice thickness can reduce turbine power output by 40%. Uneven icing can cause an imbalance in blade mass distribution, triggering periodic flapping / shimmying motions, increasing fatigue loads on the drive train, and shortening the life of gearboxes and bearings. Large chunks of ice can break off and strike the tower or surrounding facilities, causing structural damage or even casualties.

[0003] To address this issue, various blade de-icing technologies have emerged. Currently, mainstream de-icing systems rely on electric heating, gas heating, and coatings to prevent ice from adhering to and removing ice from wind turbine blades. Gas heating de-icing uses compressed air to heat the blade surface and then sweep it across the blade surface. This consumes a significant amount of energy, with the system power accounting for 15% to 20% of the turbine's rated power. The heated air must be transported through complex piping, increasing blade weight by 5% to 8%. Furthermore, the piping is prone to freezing in low-temperature environments, resulting in low reliability. Coating de-icing technologies apply a hydrophobic or super-hydrophobic coating to the blade surface to reduce ice adhesion. However, the anti-icing effect rapidly diminishes with coating wear, resulting in a lifespan of only one to two years. These coatings are susceptible to failure in freezing rain or high humidity, and are unable to actively remove ice that has already formed. Electric heating, with its high response speed, high efficiency, and adaptability, has gradually become a mainstream blade de-icing technology. Traditional electric heating de-icing technology achieves de-icing by coating the blade surface with an electric heating film. This process uses the thermal effect of an electric current to generate a uniform heat field, melting ice. However, as wind turbines evolve towards larger and longer blades, with blade lengths generally exceeding 60 meters, the limitations of traditional monolithic electric heating films have become increasingly apparent: 1. Long blades experience a significant aerodynamic load gradient along the span (from root to tip), with the tip region experiencing linear velocity 3-5 times greater than the root region. This results in non-uniform distribution of ice formation rate, ice thickness, and adhesion strength. Traditional monolithic heating films are unable to accommodate this spatial variability, easily leading to localized overheating or incomplete de-icing. 2. Monolithic heating films require full power operation to maintain surface temperature, resulting in significant energy consumption in non-icing areas. According to statistics, traditional electric de-icing systems consume 5%-8% of a wind turbine's total power generation, significantly reducing the economic viability of wind farms. 3. Long blade materials (such as carbon fiber composites) are sensitive to temperature gradients. The uniform thermal field generated by monolithic heating films does not match the actual ice formation distribution, easily leading to localized thermal stress concentrations and accelerating material fatigue failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that the existing whole-piece electric heating film has high limitations in deicing long blades, and to provide a partitioned electric heating deicing device and control method suitable for long blades.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical inventions to achieve it:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention discloses a partitioned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades, comprising a blade body, wherein the leeward side and the windward side of the blade body are both provided with a plurality of independently powered and controlled single-sided electric heating units of the blade; the power density of each single-sided electric heating unit of the blade increases successively from the root to the tip of the blade body.

[0007] Further improvements are:

[0008] The power density of the blade single-sided electric heating unit located on the windward side of the blade body is greater than that of the blade single-sided electric heating unit located on the leeward side thereof.

[0009] A gap is provided between each blade single-sided electric heating unit.

[0010] A low thermal conductivity elastic sealing material is provided between each blade single-sided electric heating unit.

[0011] Each blade single-sided electric heating unit is provided with a blade ice covering sensor and a temperature sensor.

[0012] The blade single-sided electric heating unit is a flexible film structure, the base material is polyimide, the surface is coated with a nano-conductive coating, the thickness is ≤0.3mm, and the bending radius is ≤50mm.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a zoned electric heating deicing control method applicable to long blades based on the above-mentioned device, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Start the de-icing system and close the main circuit of the de-icing system;

[0015] Step 2: Control the electric heating units on the blade body to start working in sequence from the blade tip to the blade root, so that the blade body gradually sheds ice from the blade tip to the blade root;

[0016] Step 3: Determine whether the heating time of the de-icing system has reached the upper limit. If so, restart the de-icing system; if not, put the de-icing system into standby mode.

[0017] Further improvements are:

[0018] If the heating time of the deicing system reaches the upper limit, the blade ice covering sensor will feed back a blade ice covering signal. If ice is covered, the deicing system will be started again. If ice is eliminated, the deicing system will be on standby.

[0019] During the operation of the single-sided electric heating unit of the blade, the temperature sensor arranged on it constantly feeds back the temperature signal. When the temperature of the single-sided electric heating unit of the blade reaches 65°C, the power is reduced by 20%; when the temperature of the single-sided electric heating unit of the blade reaches 70°C, the power supply of the unit is cut off; when the temperature of the single-sided electric heating unit of the blade reaches 75°C, the entire de-icing system is shut down.

[0020] When the blade ice sensor detects that the ice thickness exceeds 5 mm, the power of the corresponding blade single-sided electric heating unit is increased to 1.5 times the rated value.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention discloses a zoned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades. By dividing the blade surface into multiple independently controlled electric heating units, differentiated heating strategies can be implemented according to the ice thickness and heat loss characteristics of different areas. For example, the high-power unit is started first in the blade tip area due to its high linear speed and large convection heat transfer coefficient, to ensure that the ice layer is disintegrated in the early stage of formation, avoiding a surge in energy consumption caused by ice accumulation. Traditional whole electric heating film needs to run at full power throughout the entire process, while the present invention realizes on-demand heating through zone control. Independent control avoids the extensive mode of "full open or full closed" in traditional inventions, and reduces thermal stress damage to the blade substrate caused by local overheating.

[0023] Furthermore, the power density of the single-sided electric heating units at different positions on the blade is differentiated. The power density at the blade tip is greater than that at the blade root, and the power density on the windward side is greater than that on the leeward side. This design is directly related to the aerodynamic characteristics of the blade and the ice distribution law, and is an essential improvement to traditional zoning control.

[0024] Furthermore, a gap is provided between the single-sided electric heating units of each blade to block the heat conduction path between adjacent heating units and avoid the phenomenon of "hot zone diffusion". Thermal imaging tests show that a gapless design will cause heat from the high-power area of the blade tip to be transferred to the low-power area of the blade root, increasing the actual power demand of the blade tip by 15% to 20%. The present invention reduces heat loss to less than 5% through a gap (0.5 to 2mm). The accuracy of independent temperature control is improved. Experimental data show that the gap design narrows the temperature fluctuation range of a single heating unit from ±8°C to ±3°C, ensuring that the de-icing power accurately matches local needs. Periodic deformation (such as flapping and shimmying) will occur during blade operation, and the gap provides a deformation buffer space for the heating film. Fatigue tests show that a gap design can reduce the probability of fracture of the heating film under 10^7 cyclic loads by 90%.

[0025] Furthermore, the elastic sealing material can block over 95% of heat conduction. For example, the thermal conductivity of silicone foam is ≤0.3W / (m·K). The sealing material blocks the intrusion of moisture, salt spray, and particulate matter, preventing the risk of electrical short circuits. The elastic material (Shore A hardness of 30-50) accommodates ±5° torsional deformation of the blades, preventing cracking of the heating membrane due to stress concentration.

[0026] Furthermore, the ice cover sensor (fiber grating type) can detect the thickness of the ice layer with an accuracy of 0.1mm. When the ice thickness is >5mm, the system automatically increases the power density (claim 10), shortening the de-icing response time to 1 / 3 of the traditional invention. The temperature sensor (NTC thermistor, accuracy of ±1°C) realizes three-level protection (claim 9). For example, in the 65°C power reduction mode, the surface temperature fluctuation of the heating film is limited to ±2°C to avoid thermal shock damage to the blade composite material. The sensor data can be uploaded to the wind turbine SCADA system, and the optimal de-icing time can be predicted through the ice growth rate model.

[0027] Furthermore, the density of the polyimide substrate (thickness ≤ 0.3 mm) is only 1.4 g / cm 3 , it reduces weight by more than 60% compared to traditional metal heaters, reducing the inertial load of the blades. The square resistance of the nano-conductive coating (such as silver nanowires) is ≤0.5Ω / □, and the power density gradient distribution is achieved by combining the laser etching process. The film can withstand temperature changes of -40℃ to 150℃, and the bending radius is ≤50mm. In the -30℃ low-temperature bending test (R=50mm, 10^4 times), the resistance change rate is <2%, which is much better than the IEC 61215 standard. The nano-coating has excellent weather resistance, and the power attenuation after UV aging (1000h) is <3%, ensuring stable performance within the 20-year design life.

[0028] The present invention discloses a zoned electric heating de-icing control method suitable for long blades, which controls the single-sided electric heating units on the blade body to start working in sequence from the blade tip to the blade root, and starts in sequence from far to near. The blade body gradually sheds ice from the blade tip to the blade root, preventing large ice bodies from falling off as a whole and causing damage to surrounding equipment and passers-by. In addition, the de-icing system can also start with a power gradient to reduce power impact. The time-sharing start-up strategy can prevent the synchronous shedding of large ice blocks from impacting the wind turbine tower, thereby reducing the risk of mechanical failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical invention of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of a blade single-side heating unit of a zoned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the arrangement of a blade single-side heating unit in a zoned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a control method for a zoned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades in the present invention.

[0033] Among them: 1-blade body; 2-blade single-side heating unit; 3-windward side motor heating unit; 4-leeward side heating unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the objectives, technical inventions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical inventions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0040] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0041] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present invention discloses a partitioned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades, comprising a blade body 1, wherein the leeward side and the windward side of the blade body 1 are both provided with a number of blade single-sided electric heating units 2 that are independently powered and controlled; the traditional whole electric heating film needs to operate at full power throughout the entire process, while the present invention realizes "heating on demand" through partitioned control. Independent control avoids the extensive mode of "full open or full closed" in traditional inventions, and reduces thermal stress damage to the blade substrate caused by local overheating. The power density of each blade single-sided electric heating unit 2 increases in sequence from the root to the tip of the blade body 1. The power density of the blade single-sided electric heating unit 2 located on the windward side of the blade body 1 is greater than the blade single-sided electric heating unit 2 on the leeward side of its relative position. By dividing the blade surface into multiple independently controlled electric heating units 2, differentiated heating strategies can be implemented according to the ice thickness and heat loss characteristics of different areas. For example, due to the high linear velocity and large convective heat transfer coefficient in the blade tip area, high-power units are prioritized for activation. This ensures that ice is disintegrated at the earliest stages of its formation, preventing a surge in energy consumption caused by ice accumulation. The power density of the single-sided electric heating units at different locations on the blade is differentiated, with the tip power density being higher than the root, and the windward side power density being higher than the leeward side. This design directly links the blade's aerodynamic characteristics with the distribution of ice, and represents a fundamental improvement over traditional zoning control. A gap is provided between each of the single-sided electric heating units 2. The gap between each blade single-sided electric heating unit blocks the heat conduction path between adjacent heating units, preventing "hot spot diffusion." Thermal imaging tests have shown that a gapless design causes heat from the high-power area of the blade tip to transfer to the low-power area of the blade root, increasing the actual power demand at the blade tip by 15% to 20%. The present invention reduces heat loss to less than 5% through the use of gaps (0.5 to 2 mm). This improves the accuracy of independent temperature control. Experimental data shows that the gap design narrows the temperature fluctuation range of a single heating unit from ±8°C to ±3°C, ensuring that de-icing power precisely matches local demand. The gaps provide a buffer for the heating membrane during blade operation, which produces cyclical deformations (such as flapping and shimmying). Fatigue testing has shown that the gap design reduces the probability of fracture of the heating membrane by 90% under 10^7 cycles of loading.

[0042] A low-thermal-conductivity elastic sealing material is installed between each blade's single-sided electric heating unit (2). This elastic sealing material can block over 95% of heat conduction. For example, the thermal conductivity of silicone foam is ≤0.3W / (m·K). This sealing material blocks the intrusion of moisture, salt spray, and particulate matter, reducing the risk of electrical short circuits. The elastic material (Shore A hardness of 30-50) accommodates ±5° torsional deformation of the blade, preventing cracking of the heating membrane due to stress concentration.

[0043] Each blade single-sided electric heating unit 2 is provided with a blade ice sensor and a temperature sensor. The blade single-sided electric heating unit 2 is a flexible film structure, the substrate is polyimide, the surface is coated with a nano-conductive coating, the thickness is ≤0.3mm, and the bending radius is ≤50mm. The ice sensor (fiber grating type) can detect the thickness of the ice layer to an accuracy of 0.1mm. When the ice thickness is >5mm, the system automatically increases the power density (claim 10), shortening the de-icing response time to 1 / 3 of the traditional invention. The temperature sensor (NTC thermistor, accuracy ±1°C) realizes three-level protection (claim 9). For example, in the 65°C power reduction mode, the surface temperature fluctuation of the heating film is limited to ±2°C to avoid thermal shock damage to the blade composite material. The sensor data can be uploaded to the wind turbine SCADA system, and the optimal de-icing time is predicted by the ice layer growth rate model. The density of the polyimide substrate (thickness ≤0.3mm) is only 1.4g / cm 3 , it reduces weight by more than 60% compared to traditional metal heaters, reducing the inertial load of the blades. The square resistance of the nano-conductive coating (such as silver nanowires) is ≤0.5Ω / □, and the power density gradient distribution is achieved by combining the laser etching process. The film can withstand temperature changes of -40℃ to 150℃, and the bending radius is ≤50mm. In the -30℃ low-temperature bending test (R=50mm, 10^4 times), the resistance change rate is <2%, which is much better than the IEC 61215 standard. The nano-coating has excellent weather resistance, and the power attenuation after UV aging (1000h) is <3%, ensuring stable performance within the 20-year design life.

[0044] The embodiment of the present invention further discloses a zoned electric heating deicing control method applicable to long blades, comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Start the de-icing system and close the main circuit of the de-icing system;

[0046] Step 2: Control the blade single-sided electric heating unit 2 near the tip of the blade body 1 to start working, and the tip of the blade body 1 is de-iced;

[0047] Step three: Control the blade's single-sided electric heating unit 2, located near the root end of the blade body 1, to start operating, de-icing the blade body 1 and the root. During the operation of the blade's single-sided electric heating unit 2, a temperature sensor installed thereon constantly feeds back temperature signals. When the temperature of the blade's single-sided electric heating unit 2 reaches 65°C, the power is reduced by 20%. When the temperature of the blade's single-sided electric heating unit 2 reaches 70°C, the power supply to the unit is cut off. When the temperature of the blade's single-sided electric heating unit 2 reaches 75°C, the entire de-icing system shuts down and triggers the fan brake. The 65°C power reduction strategy prevents the electric heating unit from operating at high temperatures for long periods of time. Triggering the fan brake at 75°C prevents microcracks in the blade substrate from concentrated thermal stress.

[0048] Phased startup reduces peak power demand. For example, at -10°C, the conventional starting current reaches 120A, while the present invention limits the peak current to less than 85A through peak-shifting control, reducing the impact on the power grid.

[0049] Step 4: Determine whether the de-icing system's heating time has reached its upper limit. If so, the de-icing system is restarted; otherwise, the de-icing system enters standby mode. Intelligent switching between standby and operating modes reduces the system's no-load power consumption to less than 30% of conventional designs.

[0050] If the heating time of the deicing system reaches the upper limit, the blade ice covering sensor will feed back a blade ice covering signal. If ice is covered, the deicing system will be started again. If ice is eliminated, the deicing system will be on standby.

[0051] When the blade ice sensor detects ice thickness exceeding 5mm, it increases the power of the corresponding blade's single-sided electric heating unit 2 to 1.5 times its rated value. This automatically triggers a power boost when ice thickness exceeds 5mm, shortening the de-icing cycle by 40% to 60% compared to traditional timed heating devices.

[0052] This invention discloses a zoned electric heating de-icing control method for long blades. The single-sided electric heating unit at the blade tip is activated first, followed by the single-sided electric heating unit at the blade root. This time-sharing activation strategy prevents the simultaneous shedding of large ice blocks from impacting the wind turbine tower, reducing the risk of mechanical failure. The "tip first, root later" time-sharing activation sequence avoids the simultaneous melting and shedding of ice on the blade surfaces that occurs with traditional simultaneous heating. Experimental data shows that this strategy can reduce the probability of large ice blocks (diameter > 20 cm) shedding by 85% during a single de-icing cycle, significantly reducing the impact load on the wind turbine tower. Preferential heating of the blade tip creates an "ice-breaking tip" that leverages aerodynamic principles to gradually remove residual ice along the blade's span, mitigating the risk of unplanned downtime. Closed-loop feedback from sensors and the control system allows for response to sudden severe weather events. For example, if a sudden increase in wind speed accelerates the ice accumulation rate, the system can automatically increase the heating power from the rated value to 1.5 times to ensure that the ice thickness remains below a safe threshold.

[0053] Working principle of the present invention:

[0054] The present invention provides a zoned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades. Compared with the traditional electric heating deicing technology, the obvious improvement is that the whole piece of electric heating film material covering the blade surface is cut into electric heating units of different sizes along the span direction of the blade. These electric heating units can be powered separately and controlled independently to ensure the deicing effect of different areas of the blade. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown. A certain gap exists between the electric heating units (2) on each blade's surface, but it should not be too large to ensure they do not interfere with each other. The closer to the blade tip, the greater the linear velocity, the greater the relative wind speed, the greater the convective heat transfer coefficient, and the faster the heat loss. Therefore, the design power density of the electric heating units closer to the blade tip is higher. To ensure effective deicing, electric heating deicing units are installed on both sides of the blade, and they are independently powered and controlled.

[0055] The present invention discloses a zoned electric heating deicing control method suitable for long blades. To prevent large volumes of ice from falling off during the deicing process, the blade deicing heating units are activated in a time-sharing manner, namely, the heating unit at the distal end of the blade is activated first, followed by the heating unit at the proximal end. At the same time, because the flow velocity on the blade surface is proportional to the blade radius, the heat exchange on the blade surface is also related to the radius. Therefore, the power density of the heating unit at the distal end needs to be designed to be greater than that at the proximal end. In addition, to improve the deicing effect, the power density on the windward side is designed to be greater. Therefore, when the deicing power value of the entire blade is constant, the power density at the distal end is greater than that at the proximal end, and the power density on the windward side is greater than that on the leeward side.

[0056] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A zoned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades, characterized in that: The invention comprises a blade body (1), wherein the leeward side and the windward side of the blade body (1) are both provided with a plurality of blade single-side electric heating units (2) which are independently powered and controlled; the power density of each blade single-side electric heating unit (2) increases in sequence from the blade root to the blade tip of the blade body (1).

2. The zoned electric heating deicing device for long blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power density of the blade single-sided electric heating unit (2) located on the windward side of the blade body (1) is greater than that of the blade single-sided electric heating unit (2) located on the leeward side at the opposite position.

3. The zoned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is provided between each blade single-sided electric heating unit (2).

4. The zoned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low thermal conductivity elastic sealing material is provided between each blade single-sided electric heating unit (2).

5. The zoned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each blade single-sided electric heating unit (2) is provided with a blade ice coating sensor and a temperature sensor.

6. The zoned electric heating deicing device suitable for long blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade single-sided electric heating unit (2) is a flexible film structure, the base material is polyimide, the surface is coated with a nano-conductive coating, the thickness is ≤0.3mm, and the bending radius is ≤50mm.

7. A zoned electric heating deicing control method for long blades based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Start the de-icing system and close the main circuit of the de-icing system; Step 2: Control the blade single-side electric heating unit (2) on the blade body (1) to start working in sequence from the blade tip to the blade root, so that the blade body (1) gradually sheds ice from the blade tip to the blade root; Step 3: Determine whether the heating time of the de-icing system has reached the upper limit. If so, restart the de-icing system; if not, put the de-icing system into standby mode.

8. The zoned electric heating deicing control method applicable to long blades according to claim 7, characterized in that: If the heating time of the deicing system reaches the upper limit, the blade ice covering sensor will feed back a blade ice covering signal. If ice is covered, the deicing system will be started again. If ice is eliminated, the deicing system will be on standby.

9. The zoned electric heating deicing control method applicable to long blades according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the operation of the blade single-sided electric heating unit (2), a temperature sensor provided thereon constantly feeds back a temperature signal, and when the temperature of the blade single-sided electric heating unit (2) reaches 65° C., the power is reduced by 20%; When the temperature of the blade single-side electric heating unit (2) reaches 70°C, the power supply to the unit is cut off; When the temperature of the blade single-sided electric heating unit (2) reaches 75°C, the entire de-icing system shuts down.

10. The zoned electric heating deicing control method applicable to long blades according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the blade ice sensor detects that the ice layer thickness exceeds 5 mm, the power of the corresponding blade single-sided electric heating unit (2) is increased to 1.5 times the rated value.

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