Seat ring fixed guide vane opening construction method and construction device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of overhaul of hydroelectric generating set, in particular to a seat ring fixed guide vane opening construction method and a construction device, the method uses the geometric information of the fixed guide vane or its adjacent structure to deduce the datum point of the opening, obtains the first coordinate of the datum point; the profile feature of the fixed guide vane is matched with the datum point of the opening, the second coordinate of the datum point is obtained; the deviation value between the first coordinate and the second coordinate is calculated, the deviation value is compared with the preset threshold value, and the accurate coordinate of the datum point is determined based on the comparison result; the contour line of the opening is determined according to the accurate coordinate and the actual size of the opening; the opening operation is performed according to the contour line of the opening; the present application realizes the accurate calibration of the position to be opened by checking and correcting the positioning results obtained by two ways; then the systematic opening operation including layered drilling, cutting communication, and precise shaping of the orifice and the guide vane head is performed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydro-generator unit maintenance technology, specifically to a method and device for constructing a hole for fixing guide vanes in a seat ring. Background Technology

[0002] Hydropower turbine generator sets are key equipment for converting water energy into electrical energy, and their operational stability and efficiency are crucial. During the operation of some hydropower turbine units, phase resonance may occur due to complex hydraulic factors or structural characteristics. Phase resonance is a phenomenon of phase superposition that occurs when pressure waves generated by dynamic-static interference propagate within the volute and flow channels. If the phase difference between different pressure waves is exactly an integer multiple of the wavelength, phase resonance will occur, generating high-energy hydraulic excitation forces that cause high-intensity forced vibrations in the unit's fixed components or the powerhouse. Phase resonance commonly occurs in conventional mixed-flow hydropower turbine units and reversible pumped-storage turbine units.

[0003] Existing research and engineering practice have shown that by opening a hole in the guide vane at the nose of the volute, the water flow at the end of the volute and the inlet can be connected, which can change the propagation path of the pressure wave in the volute to a certain extent, thereby avoiding phase resonance.

[0004] However, these components are often located inside the unit, where processing space is limited. Furthermore, in order to minimize retrofit costs and shorten power plant downtime for maintenance, construction is typically required to be completed without large-scale disassembly (e.g., avoiding the removal of core components such as the runner). Traditional on-site processing methods sometimes fall short of fully meeting the precision retrofit requirements of modern large-scale hydraulic equipment in terms of accuracy control, construction efficiency, and adaptability to complex surface positioning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is that current drilling operations require disassembling equipment. The objective is to provide a method and apparatus for drilling holes in guide vanes for fixing seat rings, enabling drilling of guide vanes at the nose end of seat rings on pumped storage power station units. This method encompasses precision positioning, drilling control, irregular shape modification, and safety technologies for confined space operations.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for constructing a guide vane fixing hole in a seat ring includes:

[0008] The reference point of the opening is derived using the geometric information of the fixed guide vane or its adjacent structure, and the first coordinate of the reference point is obtained.

[0009] By matching the profile features of the fixed guide vane with the reference point of the opening, the second coordinate of the reference point is obtained;

[0010] Calculate the deviation between the first coordinate and the second coordinate, compare the deviation with a preset threshold, and determine the precise coordinates of the reference point based on the comparison result;

[0011] The outline of the opening is determined based on the precise coordinates and the actual dimensions of the opening;

[0012] Perform the drilling operation according to the outline of the hole.

[0013] Specifically, methods for obtaining the first coordinates of a reference point include:

[0014] Identify the position of the nasal fixation guide leaf, wherein the opening is located on the nasal fixation guide leaf;

[0015] Determine at least one circumscribed circle of the fixed guide leaf adjacent to the nasal fixed guide leaf as the first positioning reference;

[0016] The intermediate reference point is determined by the first positioning reference on the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide leaf. The intermediate reference point is the intersection point of the first positioning reference and the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide leaf.

[0017] The first coordinate of the reference point for the opening is determined based on the position of the intermediate reference point and the theoretical distance; the theoretical distance is the known theoretical distance between the intermediate reference point and the reference point.

[0018] Specifically, methods for obtaining the second coordinates of the reference point include:

[0019] Identify the position of the nasal fixation guide leaf, wherein the opening is located on the nasal fixation guide leaf;

[0020] The nasal fixation guide leaflet itself is used as the benchmark for matching and positioning. The nasal fixation guide leaflet's tail contour and valve body contour are included at least.

[0021] A second positioning reference is determined to be compatible with the profile features of the nasal fixation guide leaf; the second positioning reference is provided with reference point indication positions;

[0022] The second coordinates are determined by the second positioning reference on the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide leaf. The second coordinates are the positions of the reference point and the points where the reference point coincide after the second positioning reference is attached to the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide leaf.

[0023] Specifically, methods for determining the precise coordinates of a reference point include:

[0024] Calculate the deviation between the first coordinate and the second coordinate;

[0025] Compare the deviation value with a preset threshold;

[0026] If the deviation value is less than or equal to the preset threshold, then the first coordinate is selected as the precise coordinate of the reference point;

[0027] If the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, the arithmetic mean of the first coordinate and the second coordinate is calculated, and the arithmetic mean is used as the precise coordinate of the reference point.

[0028] Optionally, deviation value The preset threshold T1 is 1.0 mm; (x1, y1) is the first coordinate, and (x2, y2) is the second coordinate;

[0029] If Δ total If ≤T1, then the coordinates of the reference point (x0, y0) are (x1, y1);

[0030] If Δ total If the value is greater than T1, then the coordinates of the reference point (x0, y0) are taken as...

[0031] Specifically, the methods for performing hole-opening operations include:

[0032] Draw the hole machining lines inside the outline of the opening;

[0033] Multiple rows of holes are drilled using a layered drilling method according to the hole-drilling line;

[0034] The material separating adjacent rows of holes is cut off by a cutting process, so that the rows of holes are connected to form the initial through-hole shape.

[0035] Remove the core material formed by cutting the spacer material from the nose fixation guide vane;

[0036] The edges of the initial through-hole shape are preliminarily shaped to remove cutting allowance;

[0037] The nose-tip fixed guide vane is finely machined in the area where the opening is formed and its head, so that the head profile and the rounded corner of the opening transition meet the preset design standards.

[0038] Optionally, the marked hole processing lines have the following characteristics: the holes on the left and right sides are aligned with the left and right lines of the outline, and there is a reserved gap between the holes on the upper and lower sides and the upper and lower lines of the outline.

[0039] The preliminary shaping process includes: using a carbon arc gouging tool to remove the reserved gaps, while retaining the grinding allowance;

[0040] The grinding process includes rough grinding, fine grinding, and polishing.

[0041] Optionally, the method of layered drilling includes: after drilling to a first predetermined distance using a short drill bit, switching to a long drill bit to drill to a second predetermined distance.

[0042] A hole-opening construction device for fixing guide vanes in a seat ring includes: a dual-mode reference positioning component and a hole-opening execution system; the dual-mode reference positioning component includes a first scribing template and a second scribing template, and the hole-opening execution system includes a layered vibration-damping drilling subsystem and a cutting tool;

[0043] The first scribing template is adapted to the geometric shape of the nasal fixed guide leaf and an adjacent fixed guide leaf, and the first scribing template is used to determine the intermediate reference point.

[0044] The second scribing template is adapted to the tail contour and valve body profile of the nasal fixation guide leaf. The second scribing template is used to directly mark the reference point of the opening on the nasal fixation guide leaf.

[0045] The layered vibration damping drilling subsystem includes a magnetic drill, a drilling stabilizing and clamping device, and a cutting fluid spraying system. The magnetic drill is compatible with both short and long drill bits and is used for staged drilling. The drilling stabilizing and clamping device is used to fix and support the magnetic drill during the drilling process. The cutting fluid spraying system is used to supply cutting fluid during drilling.

[0046] The cutting tool is used to remove the spacer material between multiple rows of holes.

[0047] Furthermore, the construction device also includes:

[0048] The nose-tip fixed guide vane head profile inspection template is used to check whether the profile contour of the nose-tip fixed guide vane head area meets the predetermined standard after the opening and preliminary shaping are completed.

[0049] The rounded corner transition template is used to check whether the transition rounded corner size at the connection between the nose-end fixed guide vane head area and the upper and lower ring plates of the seat ring meets the predetermined standard.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0051] The method disclosed in this invention combines a first positioning method derived from the geometric features of the target guide vane and its vicinity with a second positioning method based on the profile features of the target guide vane itself. By verifying and correcting the deviation of the positioning results obtained by the two methods, the precise calibration of the position to be drilled is achieved. Then, a systematic drilling operation is performed, including layered drilling, cutting and connecting, and precise shaping of the hole opening and the guide vane head.

[0052] This invention improves the accuracy and reliability of hole positioning on large components such as turbine guide vanes with complex structures that often lack ideal machining reference surfaces by employing a dual-mode composite reference positioning method. By providing a hole-making construction method, supplemented by first and second dedicated scribing templates and subsequent profile and transition fillet inspection templates, it ensures the technical feasibility of high-precision hole making on fixed guide vanes of large in-service turbines, and also strongly guarantees the final machining quality and geometric accuracy. It can be successfully implemented and verified even under complex field conditions without large-scale disassembly of the unit (such as without disassembling the runner). Attached Figure Description

[0053] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the principles of the invention. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for constructing a guide vane fixing hole according to the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the opening on the nose-end fixing guide leaf according to the present invention.

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the position reference of the opening according to the present invention.

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first scribing template according to the present invention.

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second scribing template according to the present invention.

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the perforation distribution according to the present invention.

[0060] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling stabilization and tightening device according to the present invention.

[0061] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the air-gouging area according to the present invention.

[0062] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fine machining of the head according to the present invention.

[0063] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the determination of the head position using the first scribing template according to the present invention.

[0064] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the nose-end fixed guide vane head profile inspection template according to the present invention.

[0065] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the rounded corner transition template according to the present invention.

[0066] Reference numerals: 1-Opening, 2-Fixed guide vane, 3-Nose-end fixed guide vane, 4-Row hole, 5-Core block material, 6-First scribing template, 7-Second scribing template, 8-Magnetic drill, 9-Drilling stabilizing and tightening device, 10-Nose-end fixed guide vane head profile inspection template, 11-Rounded corner transition template. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0068] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0069] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a construction method for the opening 1 of the guide vane 2 in the seat ring fixing. The overall operation process firstly obtains the initial coordinates of the key reference points in the area to be opened 1 using two independent positioning methods. Then, these two sets of coordinates are compared and verified to eliminate potential errors and obtain a more accurate final positioning reference. Subsequently, based on this accurate reference and the design dimensions of the opening 1, the actual outline of the opening 1 is calibrated. Finally, according to this accurate outline, the physical opening 1 on the guide vane is completed through a series of machining steps.

[0072] Specific methods include:

[0073] First, set the reference point as... Figure 3 Point A in the diagram.

[0074] 1. Using the geometric information of the fixed guide vane 2 or its adjacent structure, derive the reference point of the opening 1 to obtain the first coordinates (x1, y1) of the reference point; this step is based on the indirect measurement and derivation method of geometric relationships to initially determine the reference point of the opening 1; the method for obtaining the first coordinates of the reference point includes:

[0075] Identify the location of the nose-end fixed guide vane 3, where opening 1 is located on the nose-end fixed guide vane 3; clarify that the target object of this opening 1 operation is the nose-end fixed guide vane 3 on the turbine mounting ring. The nose-end fixed guide vane 3 usually refers to the one or more guide vanes located near the inlet tongue of the volute, which is a key flow guiding component before the water enters the runner. Before construction, it is necessary to accurately identify the nose-end fixed guide vane 3 for which opening 1 is required by the design drawings.

[0076] The circumscribed circle of at least one fixed guide leaf 2 adjacent to the nasal fixed guide leaf 3 is determined as the first positioning reference; at least one other fixed guide leaf 2 adjacent to the nasal fixed guide leaf 3 is selected, and a certain circumscribed circle of its outer contour is defined as the "first positioning reference".

[0077] The intermediate reference point is determined by using the first positioning reference on the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide 3. The intermediate reference point is the intersection of the first positioning reference and the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide 3. The purpose of this step is to find a related intermediate reference point on the nasal fixation guide 3 (e.g., Figure 4 Point B is shown. In practice, this can be achieved using a dedicated scribing template (i.e., the first scribing template 6 described later).

[0078] The first coordinates of the reference point of opening 1 are determined based on the position and theoretical distance of the intermediate reference point; the theoretical distance is the known theoretical distance between the intermediate reference point and the reference point. After determining the intermediate reference point B on the nose-end fixed guide vane 3, the first coordinates (x1, y1) of point A are finally calculated using the known theoretical distance (e.g., 148mm) between point B and the final reference point A of opening 1.

[0079] 2. Using the profile features of the fixed guide vane 2 to match the reference point of the opening 1, the second coordinates (x2, y2) of the reference point are obtained. This stage adopts a positioning principle completely independent of step 1, directly using the precise outer contour (i.e., "profile features") of the fixed guide vane 3 at the nose end of the opening 1 to determine the second candidate position of point A. The method for obtaining the second coordinates of the reference point includes:

[0080] Identify the position of the nasal fixation guide leaf 3, wherein the opening 1 is located on the nasal fixation guide leaf 3;

[0081] The morphological features of the nose-end fixed guide vane 3 itself are used as the benchmark for matching and positioning. The morphological features include at least the tail contour and valve body contour of the nose-end fixed guide vane 3. A stable and representative surface contour on the nose-end fixed guide vane 3 is selected as a direct reference for positioning. The tail contour guides the edge shape of the water outlet end of the guide vane, and the valve body contour guides the precise curved surface shape of the vane body.

[0082] A second positioning reference is determined to be compatible with the profile features of the nasal fixation guide vane 3; the second positioning reference is provided with reference point indication positions; the second positioning reference can be the second scribing template 7 described below, the key feature of the second scribing template 7 is that the shape of its working surface (or "profile matching part") can precisely match the selected "profile features" (such as the tail contour and valve body profile) of the aforementioned nasal fixation guide vane 3, that is, it can fit tightly against these feature surfaces of the guide vane, such as... Figure 5 As shown, at the same time, a reference point indicator position is pre-set at the key position of the second scribing template 7 (for example, the scribing notch corresponding to point A; or the length of the second scribing template can be directly set to be equal to the length from the root of the nose-end fixed guide leaf 3 to point A). The reference point indicator position directly corresponds to the reference point A of the opening 1 required by the design.

[0083] A second coordinate is determined on the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide vane 3 using a second positioning reference. This second coordinate is the position of the point where the reference point coincides with the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide vane 3 after the second positioning reference is attached to it. During operation, the second positioning reference is placed on the nasal fixation guide vane 3, ensuring its surface matching portion is completely aligned and tightly fitted with the corresponding profile features of the guide vane. The reference point will then directly indicate the position of point A on the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide vane 3.

[0084] 3. Calculate the deviation between the first and second coordinates, compare the deviation with a preset threshold, and determine the precise coordinates of the reference point based on the comparison result; the methods for determining the precise coordinates of the reference point include:

[0085] Calculate the deviation between the first and second coordinates; deviation value The preset threshold T1 is set to 1.0 mm.

[0086] If the deviation value is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the first coordinate is selected as the precise coordinate of the reference point; if the deviation value is not greater than the threshold, the results of the two positioning methods are considered to be in good agreement, and the coordinates (x1, y1) obtained by the first geometric derivation method are generally considered to be more reliable or preferred in this case, so it is selected as the "precise coordinates" of point A.

[0087] If the deviation value is greater than a preset threshold, the arithmetic mean of the first and second coordinates is calculated, and the arithmetic mean is used as the precise coordinates of the reference point; if the calculated deviation value Δ total If the value exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates a significant difference between the results of the two independent localization methods. The arithmetic mean of the two sets of candidate coordinates is calculated, and this average is then... Used as the "precise coordinates" of point A.

[0088] 4. Determine the outline of opening 1 based on the precise coordinates and the actual dimensions of opening 1. After the precise coordinates of the reference point A of opening 1 are finally determined, the complete boundary line of the area to be opened, i.e., the "outline of opening 1", needs to be accurately drawn on the actual working surface of the guide vane 3 fixed at the nose end, based on the precise point A and the geometric shape (such as circle, racetrack shape, etc.) and specific dimensional parameters (such as diameter, length, width, fillet radius, etc.) of opening 1 specified in the design drawings. The drawing process must ensure that the position and shape of the outline strictly conform to the design requirements.

[0089] 5. Perform the opening operation according to the outline of opening 1.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] This embodiment provides the specific steps of step 5 in embodiment 1, that is, the method for performing the hole-opening operation includes:

[0092] like Figure 6 As shown, machining lines for the rows of holes 4 are drawn inside the outline of the opening 1. The drawn machining lines for the rows of holes 4 have the following characteristics: the rows of holes 4 on the left and right sides are flush with the left and right sides of the outline, while there are pre-reserved gaps between the rows of holes 4 on the upper and lower sides and the upper and lower sides of the outline (e.g., ...). Figure 8 (The red area in the middle); in the left and right direction, the edge or center of the row hole 4 is very close to or even partially coincides with the final outline; while in the up and down direction, the row hole 4 will shrink a certain distance into the outline to form a reserved gap (about 50mm). The purpose of setting the reserved gap is to take into account the size limitations of the magnetic drill 8 itself and to avoid interference with the flow surface of the seat ring plate.

[0093] Multiple rows of holes 4 are drilled using a layered drilling method according to the hole 4 machining line. The holes 4 are holes that are spaced apart but closely arranged. In this embodiment, there are a total of about 50 φ20mm holes with a hole spacing of 21-23mm. Since the fixed guide vane 2 usually has a large thickness, it may be difficult to directly drill through the deep hole in one go (such as insufficient drill stroke, difficulty in chip removal, and reduced drilling accuracy). Therefore, this step adopts the "layered drilling" method.

[0094] The spacer material between adjacent rows of holes 4 is cut off by a cutting process, so that the rows of holes 4 are connected to form the initial through shape of the opening 1. After all rows of holes 4 are drilled, there is still "spacer material" (i.e., thin wall between adjacent rows of holes 4) that has not been removed between the rows of holes 4. The thin wall between the rows of holes 4 is cut off sequentially by flame cutting.

[0095] Remove the core material 5 formed by cutting the spacer material from the nose-end fixed guide vane 3; after all the spacer material between the holes 4 is cut, the material in the area originally surrounded by the outline of the opening 1 will form a relatively complete piece. Weld a process lifting lug on the core material 5, put the lifting strap on the lifting lug, and then use a hand chain hoist to slowly pull out the cut steel plate and place it on the work platform.

[0096] The initial through-hole morphology of opening 1 undergoes preliminary shaping to remove cutting allowance. The preliminary shaping process includes: using carbon arc gouging to remove pre-reserved gaps, while retaining grinding allowance. The edges of the initial through-hole, formed by drilling and cutting, contain cutting slag, burrs, and pre-reserved gaps. Carbon arc gouging removes these excess materials, bringing the hole shape and size closer to the final requirements, while retaining a 5mm grinding allowance. Before gouging, it is necessary to reconfirm that the flow surfaces near the gouging area are adequately protected to prevent splashing from damaging the workpiece surface.

[0097] The nose-end fixed guide vane 3 is finely machined in the area formed by the opening 1 and its head to ensure that the head profile and the transition fillet of the opening 1 meet the preset design standards. The purpose is to ensure that the edge of the final opening 1 is smooth, and that the overall profile of the guide vane head (i.e., the three-dimensional curved surface shape) and the transition fillet between the edge of the opening 1 and the original surface of the guide vane meet the preset design standards and tolerance requirements.

[0098] The grinding process includes rough grinding (P36 grinding wheel), fine grinding (P60 grinding wheel), and polishing (cloth grinding wheel).

[0099] The method of layered drilling includes: drilling to a first predetermined distance using a short drill bit, then switching to a longer drill bit to drill to a second predetermined distance; since the drilling depth (potentially reaching 140mm) exceeds the single feed stroke of a conventional magnetic drill 8, it is necessary to first complete the initial section (e.g., 70mm deep) with a shorter drill bit, and then switch to a longer drill bit to continue drilling the remaining depth. During this process, cutting coolant is usually required for lubrication and cooling.

[0100] After the short drill bit completes the initial drilling, inject cutting fluid to clean the hole (flow rate ≥ 50 ml / min); when the long drill bit is used for secondary processing, simultaneously turn on the vibration suppression mode of the magnetic drill 8 (amplitude ≤ 5 μm).

[0101] Example 3

[0102] This embodiment provides a construction device for opening a hole 1 in a seat ring fixing guide vane 2, including: a dual-mode reference positioning component and an opening 1 execution system; the dual-mode reference positioning component is responsible for accurately marking the reference position and outline of the opening 1 on the complex surface of the fixing guide vane 2; the opening 1 execution system is responsible for performing physical drilling, cutting and preliminary shaping operations according to the marking results.

[0103] The dual-mode reference positioning component includes a first scribing template 6 and a second scribing template 7.

[0104] like Figure 4 As shown, the first scribing template 6 is adapted to the geometric shape of the nose-end fixed guide vane 3 and its adjacent fixed guide vane 2. The first scribing template 6 is used to determine the intermediate reference point. In order to adapt to the complex geometric shape of the nose-end fixed guide vane 3 and its adjacent fixed guide vane 2 of the hole to be drilled 1, the first scribing template 6 is usually equipped with adjustable jaws to ensure stable installation and precise positioning between guide vanes of different sizes or installation postures. The template is provided with a precise B-point positioning groove or similar structure to determine the position of an intermediate reference point (point B) on the target nose-end fixed guide vane 3 after matching with the outline of the two guide vanes. Furthermore, the first scribing template 6 also integrates a distance indicating mechanism (e.g., a 148mm precision ruler). After the operator marks point B, they can use this mechanism and, based on the preset theoretical distance between point B and point A, assist in marking the first coordinate of point A on the surface of the nose-end fixed guide vane 3. Adjustable jaws can be made of shape memory alloy, which can produce small, predictable deformation compensation (e.g., 0.05 mm / ℃) according to temperature changes within a specific temperature range (e.g., 40-60℃) to offset measurement errors that may be caused by fluctuations in ambient temperature.

[0105] like Figure 5 As shown, the second scribing template 7 is adapted to the tail contour and valve body profile of the nasal fixation guide vane 3. The second scribing template 7 is used to directly mark the reference point of the opening 1 on the nasal fixation guide vane 3. The second scribing template 7 has a surface matching part that adapts to the three-dimensional surface of a specific area of ​​the nasal fixation guide vane 3. When the surface matching part is precisely fitted with the corresponding profile of the guide vane, the reference point marking structure set on the template (e.g., a "point A positioning notch" with high-precision dimensional tolerance, such as ≤0.1mm) can directly indicate the second coordinate of point A on the surface of the nasal fixation guide vane 3. In addition, a pressure sensor can be embedded in the valve body contour groove. When the contact pressure between the template and the guide vane surface reaches a preset value (e.g., 5N), the sensor can trigger a "positioning complete" signal, thereby helping the operator to determine whether the template has reached the optimal fit and positioning state.

[0106] The hole-opening system includes a layered vibration-damping drilling subsystem and cutting tools;

[0107] like Figure 7As shown in the figure, the hierarchical vibration suppression drilling subsystem includes a magnetic drill 8, a drilling stability tightening device 9, and a cutting fluid spraying system. The magnetic drill 8 is adapted to short drills and long drills and is used for staged drilling; the drilling stability tightening device 9 is used to fix and support the magnetic drill 8 during the drilling process; the cutting fluid spraying system is used to supply cutting fluid during drilling;

[0108] The cutting tool is used to cut the spacer material between multiple rows of holes 4, and the cutting tool is a flame cutting device or a plasma cutting machine.

[0109] As the main drilling power head, the magnetic drill 8 with a strong magnetic adsorption base is selected so that it can be firmly installed on the curved surface of the fixed guide vane 2. The magnetic drill 8 needs to be adapted to and facilitate the replacement of short drills and long drills to meet the technological requirements of hierarchical drilling.

[0110] To overcome the vibration and reaction force during the drilling process and ensure the absolute stability of the magnetic drill 8, the subsystem is equipped with a drilling stability tightening device 9. The drilling stability tightening device 9 consists of hardwood squares with high strength and high stiffness coefficient (e.g., ≥10 4 N / m) (e.g., with specifications of 80mm×80mm and a length of about 1600mm), a large-tonnage jack (e.g., 5T), and several auxiliary magnetic limit seats (used to reliably fix one end of the wooden square on stable structures such as the inner wall of the volute). By applying a tightening force to the wooden square through the jack, the other end of the wooden square tightly abuts against the magnetic drill 8, thus forming a rigid support structure.

[0111] To ensure the lubrication, cooling, and chip removal effects during the drilling process, the subsystem also includes a cutting fluid spraying system, which has a pressure-adjustable function of 0.3MPa and a pulsed spraying function with a frequency of 2Hz, effectively delivering the cutting fluid to the drilling area.

[0112] To further optimize the drilling quality and efficiency, the hierarchical vibration suppression drilling subsystem can have a dynamic matching program for drilling parameters. This program can recommend or automatically adopt different optimized drilling speeds (n) and feed rates (f) combinations according to the different stages of the current drilling depth (h) (e.g., the stage of 0 < h ≤ 70mm and the stage of 70mm < h ≤ 140mm). In addition, at specific stages of hierarchical drilling (such as during the secondary processing of the long drill), the "vibration suppression mode" of the magnetic drill 8 can be synchronously activated (such as controlling the amplitude to ≤5μm), and the hole passage can be cleaned with a high flow rate (such as ≥50ml / min) of cutting fluid during the drill change interval.

[0113] That is, when the drilling depth is h, when 0 < h ≤ 70mm, the rotational speed n = 800 ± 50rpm, and the feed rate f = 0.15mm / rev; when 70mm < h ≤ 140mm, the rotational speed n = 650 ± 30rpm, and the feed rate f = 0.12mm / rev.

[0114] like Figure 10 As shown, the head position is checked by the first scribing template 6, that is, the head of the nose fixed guide vane 3 after the opening is completed needs to be located in the same outer circle as the heads of other fixed guide vanes 2.

[0115] like Figure 11 As shown, the nose-end fixed guide vane 3 head profile inspection template 10 is used to check whether the profile contour of the nose-end fixed guide vane 3 head area meets the predetermined standard after the opening 1 and preliminary shaping are completed. In order to facilitate the insertion of the nose-end fixed guide vane 3 head profile inspection template 10 into the already opened hole or the complex curved part of the guide vane, it is designed as a combined structure.

[0116] like Figure 12 As shown, the rounded corner transition template 11 is used to check whether the transition rounded corner size at the connection between the head region of the nose-end fixing guide vane 3 and the upper and lower ring plates of the seat ring meets the predetermined standard. In this embodiment, it is designed as a transition rounded corner with a radius of 35mm.

[0117] Here is an example.

[0118] First, determine the precise coordinates of point A, and then determine the vertical line on the left side of the hole based on the coordinates of point A. Next, draw the complete outline of opening 1 based on the remaining dimensions of the hole, and determine the position of row hole 4 based on the outline of opening 1.

[0119] Use MAB800 magnetic drill 8 (suction force ≥15kN), equipped with Morse No. 3 transition sleeve;

[0120] 1600mm×80mm×80mm hardwood (elastic modulus E=12GPa) was used as the top support, and a preload of F=3.2kN was applied with a 5T jack;

[0121] Three auxiliary magnetic seats (with a suction force ≥8kN / each) are welded to the inner wall of the volute to restrict the displacement of the timber.

[0122] The parameters for layered drilling are determined as follows:

[0123]

[0124] Drill all φ20 holes sequentially according to the hole lines. After drilling, clean up the iron filings and waste liquid. Complete 50 φ20mm through holes, with a total time of (18+22)×50=2000 minutes. After drilling is completed, remove the steel plate that was cut out in the middle.

[0125] Carbon arc gouging pretreatment, using φ10 carbon rod, current 350A, gouging speed 120mm / min, removes 4.8mm (theoretical value 5mm);

[0126] Stepped sanding, with sanding parameters as shown in the table below:

[0127] coarse grinding Parallel grinding wheel machine P36 6000 6.3 fine grinding Straight Shank Grinding Machine P60 8000 3.2 polishing cloth abrasive wheel + paper abrasive wheel P120 12000 1.6

[0128] Quality acceptance:

[0129] Use R35 transition template 11 to check the fillet radius; the gap should be ≤0.05mm.

[0130] MT flaw detection showed no cracks (sensitivity level 2);

[0131] Profile deviation error: 0.7mm (standard ≤1mm)

[0132] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment / mode," "some embodiments / modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment / mode or example is included in at least one embodiment / mode or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / mode or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments / modes or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments / modes or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments / modes or examples.

[0133] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0134] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make other changes or modifications based on the above invention, and these changes or modifications still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a guide vane fixing hole in a seat ring, characterized in that, include: The reference point of the opening (1) is derived by using the geometric information of the fixed guide vane (2) and its adjacent structures, and the first coordinate of the reference point is obtained; By matching the reference point of the opening (1) with the profile features of the fixed guide vane (2), the second coordinate of the reference point is obtained; Calculate the deviation between the first coordinate and the second coordinate, compare the deviation with a preset threshold, and determine the precise coordinates of the reference point based on the comparison result; The outline of the opening (1) is determined based on the precise coordinates and the actual size of the opening (1); Perform the opening (1) operation according to the outline of the opening (1); The methods for obtaining the first coordinates of the reference point include: Identify the position of the nasal fixation guide leaf (3), wherein the opening (1) is located on the nasal fixation guide leaf (3); Determine the outer circle of at least one fixed guide leaf (2) adjacent to the nasal fixed guide leaf (3) as the first positioning reference; The intermediate reference point is determined by the first positioning reference on the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide (3). The intermediate reference point is the intersection point of the first positioning reference and the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide (3). The first coordinate of the reference point of the opening (1) is determined based on the position of the intermediate reference point and the theoretical distance; the theoretical distance is the known theoretical distance between the intermediate reference point and the reference point.

2. The method for constructing a guide vane fixing hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for obtaining the second coordinates of a reference point include: Identify the position of the nasal fixation guide leaf (3), wherein the opening (1) is located on the nasal fixation guide leaf (3); The nasal fixation guide leaf (3) itself is used as the reference for matching and positioning. The nasal fixation guide leaf (3) includes at least the tail contour and valve body profile. A second positioning reference is determined to be compatible with the profile features of the nasal fixation guide leaf (3); a reference point is provided on the second positioning reference to indicate the position; The second coordinates on the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide (3) are determined by the second positioning reference. The second coordinates are the positions of the reference point and the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide (3) after the second positioning reference is attached to the outer arc surface of the nasal fixation guide (3).

3. The method for constructing a guide vane fixing hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for determining the precise coordinates of a reference point include: Calculate the deviation between the first coordinate and the second coordinate; Compare the deviation value with a preset threshold; If the deviation value is less than or equal to the preset threshold, then the first coordinate is selected as the precise coordinate of the reference point; If the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, the arithmetic mean of the first coordinate and the second coordinate is calculated, and the arithmetic mean is used as the precise coordinate of the reference point.

4. The method for constructing a guide vane fixing hole according to claim 3, characterized in that, Deviation value ; Preset threshold Take 1.0 mm; As the first coordinate, The second coordinate; like Then the coordinates of the reference point Pick ; like Then the coordinates of the reference point Pick .

5. The method for constructing a guide vane fixing hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The methods for performing the hole-making (1) operation include: Draw the machining line for the holes (4) inside the outline of the opening (1); Multiple rows of holes (4) are drilled in a layered drilling manner according to the hole (4) processing line. The spacer material between adjacent holes (4) is cut off by a cutting process, so that the holes (4) are connected to form the initial through-hole (1); Remove the core material (5) formed by cutting the spacer material from the nose fixation guide (3); The edge of the initial through-hole (1) is preliminarily modified to remove the cutting allowance; The nose-tip fixed guide vane (3) is finely processed in the area formed by the opening (1) and its head so that the head profile and the transition radius of the opening (1) meet the preset design standards.

6. The method for constructing a guide vane fixing hole according to claim 5, characterized in that, The machining lines of the marked holes (4) are as follows: the holes (4) on the left and right sides are in contact with the left and right lines of the outline, and there are reserved gaps between the holes (4) on the upper and lower sides and the upper and lower lines of the outline. The preliminary shaping process includes: using a carbon arc gouging tool to remove the reserved gaps, while retaining the grinding allowance; The grinding process includes rough grinding, fine grinding, and polishing.

7. The method for constructing a guide vane fixing hole according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method of layered drilling includes: after drilling to a first set distance using a short drill bit, switching to a long drill bit to drill to a second set distance.

8. A device for fixing guide vane opening in a seat ring, characterized in that, include: Dual-mode reference positioning component and hole (1) execution system; the dual-mode reference positioning component includes a first scribing template (6) and a second scribing template (7), and the hole (1) execution system includes a layered vibration damping drilling subsystem and a cutting tool; The first scribing template (6) is adapted to the geometric shape of the nasal fixed guide leaf (3) and its adjacent fixed guide leaf (2). The first scribing template (6) is used to determine the intermediate reference point. The first scribing template (6) is provided with a positioning groove. The positioning groove is used to determine the position of the intermediate reference point on the nasal fixed guide leaf (3) after the first scribing template (6) matches the outline of the nasal fixed guide leaf (3) and its adjacent fixed guide leaf (2). The first scribing template (6) is integrated with a distance indicator mechanism. The distance indicator mechanism is used to mark the first coordinate of the reference point of the opening (1) on the surface of the nasal fixed guide leaf (3) according to the preset theoretical distance between the intermediate reference point and the reference point of the opening (1) after the intermediate reference point is marked. The second scribing template (7) is adapted to the tail contour and valve body profile of the nasal fixation guide leaf (3). The second scribing template (7) is used to directly mark the reference point of the opening (1) on the nasal fixation guide leaf (3). The second scribing template (7) has a surface matching part adapted to the three-dimensional surface of a specific area of ​​the nasal fixation guide leaf (3), and a reference point marking structure provided on the second scribing template (7). The reference point marking structure is used to directly indicate the second coordinate of the reference point of the opening (1) on the surface of the nasal fixation guide leaf (3) after the surface matching part is fitted with the corresponding profile of the nasal fixation guide leaf (3). The layered vibration damping drilling subsystem includes a magnetic drill (8), a drilling stabilizing and clamping device (9), and a cutting fluid spraying system. The magnetic drill (8) is adapted to both short and long drill bits and is used for staged drilling. The drilling stabilizing and clamping device (9) is used to fix and support the magnetic drill (8) during the drilling process. The cutting fluid spraying system is used to supply cutting fluid during drilling. The cutting tool is used to remove the spacer material between multiple holes (4).

9. The device for fixing guide vane holes according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The head profile inspection template (10) of the nose-end fixed guide leaf (3) is used to check whether the profile of the head area of ​​the nose-end fixed guide leaf (3) meets the predetermined standard after the opening (1) and preliminary shaping are completed. Rounded corner transition template (11) is used to check whether the transition rounded corner size at the connection between the head area of ​​the nose-end fixed guide leaf (3) and the upper and lower ring plates of the seat ring meets the predetermined standard.

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