Continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction intelligent control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction intelligent control method and system, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring the feed solid content and feed flow of biomass in real time through a mass flowmeter, dynamically adjusting the feed flow through a feed pump frequency converter in combination with pre-input material characteristic parameters, and controlling the reaction retention time; based on the real-time sampling data and the feeding flow, the reaction temperature and the reaction pressure are dynamically adjusted through the prediction model, and the opening degree of a discharging valve is adjusted to optimize the reaction residence time; the flow, the opening degree of a regulating valve, the separation temperature, the separation pressure and the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank are monitored in real time, the opening degree of the regulating valve is automatically regulated according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, and heat is recovered in a graded mode through a three-stage cooler; and judging whether the current key parameter exceeds an early warning value or not, and if so, triggering an emergency alarm signal and an emergency process. According to the invention, the intelligence and safety of the biomass continuous hydrothermal liquefaction reaction process are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of biomass energy conversion, and in particular to an intelligent control method and system for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction. Background Art

[0002] The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and industrial automation is a key development goal today and for the foreseeable future. Its core model is to use AI to input knowledge and industrial automation to implement it. However, significant challenges remain in the current development of the integration of AI and industrial automation. Due to a lack of hardware and software foundations, many AI-powered, full-process automation solutions face significant implementation challenges. In specific areas, the relatively well-developed hardware and software foundations make it easier to verify AI solutions and establish a path for full automation, thereby significantly enhancing the level of intelligence in specific scenarios.

[0003] The field of biomass energy conversion technology urgently needs support from artificial intelligence and industrial automation. Based on advancements in AI, breakthroughs in automation programs, and various sensors, intelligent control systems for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reactions are expected to achieve substantial progress. However, existing technologies still have shortcomings: batch production models lead to low efficiency and high labor costs; lags in key parameter control make process improvements difficult; manual operation poses risks, threatening both personal and equipment safety, and conventional safety interlocks are inadequately responsive. The lack of a corresponding process simulation system limits resources for training new personnel and creates safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of low efficiency and high cost in traditional production models, delayed key parameter control and difficulty in process optimization, safety risks and insufficient emergency response, this paper proposes an intelligent control method for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction to solve the above problems.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for intelligently controlling a continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction, comprising: S10, monitoring the feed solid content and feed flow rate of the biomass in real time through a mass flow meter, and dynamically adjusting the feed flow rate through a feed pump frequency converter in combination with pre-input material characteristic parameters to control the reaction residence time; S20, based on real-time sampling data and feed flow rate during the reaction process, dynamically adjusting the reaction temperature and reaction pressure through a prediction model, and jointly adjusting the opening of the discharge valve to further optimize the reaction residence time, wherein the sampling data includes reaction product composition data, reaction product quality indicators, reaction conversion efficiency parameters, and reaction system state parameters; S30, real-time monitoring of the flow rate, opening of the regulating valve, separation temperature, separation pressure, and liquid level of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, automatically adjusting the opening of the regulating valve according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, and recovering heat in stages through a three-stage cooler; S40. Determine whether the current key parameters exceed the warning value. If so, trigger an emergency alarm signal and emergency process. The key parameters include reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure, liquid level and program running time parameters.

[0006] Preferably, dynamically adjusting the feed flow rate in combination with pre-input material characteristic parameters includes: Obtain pre-input material characteristic parameters, including feed solid content range, organic matter content, viscosity index and elemental composition; Compare and analyze the biomass feed solid content monitored in real time by the mass flow meter with the pre-input material characteristic parameters; Based on the comparison and analysis results, the dynamically adjusted feed flow rate is determined through control algorithm calculation.

[0007] Preferably, the reaction temperature and reaction pressure are dynamically adjusted by a prediction model, comprising: The liquid level height is controlled by feeding back the liquid level signal of the liquid level meter to the regulating valve, and the feed flow rate is controlled by the feed pump frequency converter; The reaction heater is controlled by the thermocouple feedback signal to adjust the reaction temperature; The discharge valve of the reactor is controlled by the feedback signal of the pressure sensor to adjust the reaction pressure.

[0008] Preferably, automatically adjusting the opening of the regulating valve according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank comprises: The separation pressure is monitored in real time by pressure sensors installed on the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank; The monitored separation pressures of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank are compared with the preset pressure thresholds, and real-time feedback adjustment is performed based on the comparison results to maintain the separation pressures of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank within the set working range; When the separation pressure continues to rise and exceeds the bursting pressure of the safety valve, the emergency pressure relief protection action is triggered.

[0009] Preferably, the monitored separation pressures of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank are compared with a preset pressure threshold, and real-time feedback adjustment is performed according to the comparison result, including: When it is detected that the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank reaches its preset pressure threshold, the opening of its outlet regulating valve is automatically adjusted through the proportional-integral-differential control algorithm; When it is detected that the separation pressure of the solid-liquid separation buffer tank reaches its preset pressure threshold, the opening of its outlet regulating valve is automatically adjusted through the proportional-integral-differential control algorithm.

[0010] Preferably, recovering heat in stages through a three-stage cooler comprises: The high-temperature material from the reaction discharge is cooled from 300°C to 100-200°C through the first-stage cooler, and the recovered high-temperature heat is transported to the third-stage preheater for material preheating; The medium-temperature material after primary cooling is cooled from 100-200°C to 50-99.99°C through the secondary cooler, and the recovered medium-temperature heat is transported to the secondary preheater for material preheating; The low-temperature material after secondary cooling is cooled from 50-100°C to 20-49.99°C through a three-stage cooler, and the recovered low-temperature heat is transported to the first-stage preheater for material preheating.

[0011] Preferably, triggering the emergency alarm signal and emergency process includes: When it is detected that the reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure, liquid level or program running time parameters exceed the primary alarm setting value, the system will automatically release the pressure or cut off the heat supply, and at the same time send out a primary alarm signal and generate a fault analysis report; When it is detected that the reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure are higher than the safety valve bursting pressure or the key parameters exceed the emergency alarm setting value, the reaction will be terminated immediately, the emergency alarm signal will be triggered and detailed fault diagnosis information will be generated; The system can be shut down directly through the virtual emergency stop button on the control interface or the physical emergency stop button installed on site, and the chain protection actions of feed pump shutdown, heat supply cut-off, pressure relief and temperature reduction will be automatically executed.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an intelligent control system for a continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction, comprising: The feed flow dynamic adjustment module monitors the feed solid content and feed flow of biomass in real time through a mass flow meter, and dynamically adjusts the feed flow rate through the feed pump inverter in combination with pre-input material characteristic parameters to control the reaction residence time; A reaction control module dynamically adjusts the reaction temperature and pressure through a prediction model based on real-time sampling data and feed flow during the reaction process, and also adjusts the discharge valve opening to further optimize the reaction residence time. The sampling data includes reaction product composition data, reaction product quality indicators, reaction conversion efficiency parameters, and reaction system state parameters. The separation control module monitors the flow rate, opening of the regulating valve, separation temperature, separation pressure and liquid level of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank in real time. It automatically adjusts the opening of the regulating valve according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, and recovers heat in stages through the three-stage cooler. The alarm and emergency module determines whether the current key parameters exceed the warning value. If they exceed the warning value, an emergency alarm signal and emergency process are triggered. The key parameters include reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure, liquid level height and program running time parameters.

[0013] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to execute the above-mentioned intelligent control method for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned intelligent control method for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is implemented.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present disclosure are: 1) This disclosure achieves continuous production of biomass hydrothermal liquefaction through automated programming and intelligent control systems, significantly improving production efficiency and reducing labor costs. By employing real-time data acquisition, predictive model training, and PID control technology, key parameters such as temperature, pressure, and residence time can be dynamically and precisely adjusted to optimize process stability and product quality.

[0016] 2) This disclosure integrates an intelligent risk control module, which rapidly responds to anomalies such as overpressure and overtemperature through multi-level early warning and emergency procedures (such as automatic pressure relief and emergency stop buttons), ensuring equipment and personnel safety. An innovative multi-stage waste heat recovery system, combined with temperature and pressure separation technology, reduces energy consumption, minimizes byproduct generation, and improves energy efficiency, meeting green production requirements.

[0017] 3) This disclosure provides a process simulation system for on-the-job training of new operators, reducing training costs and operational risks. The industrial HMI interface integrates voice control and 3D visualization technology to achieve intuitive human-computer interaction, simplify operational processes, and enhance the convenience of production management.

[0018] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

[0019] Further features and aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification. These drawings illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the specification, are used to explain the technical solutions of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 1 A flow chart of an intelligent control method for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is shown; Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of the main interface of intelligent feeding control; Figure 3 Shows the structure diagram of the intelligent control system; Figure 4 Shows a schematic diagram of the feed pump control parameter setting interface; Figure 5 Shows the logic block diagram of intelligent risk management and control; Figure 6 Shows the structural block diagram of an intelligent control system for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent elements with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.

[0023] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0024] The term "and / or" herein simply describes an association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent the existence of three situations: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, the term "at least one" herein refers to any combination of at least two of any one or more of a plurality of items. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" can represent any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0025] In addition, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed description to better illustrate the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the main points of the present disclosure.

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The disclosed embodiments provide an intelligent control method for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction. Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for intelligently controlling a continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is shown. The method comprises: S10, monitoring the feed solid content and feed flow rate of the biomass in real time through a mass flow meter, and dynamically adjusting the feed flow rate through a feed pump frequency converter in combination with pre-input material characteristic parameters to control the reaction residence time; S20, based on real-time sampling data and feed flow rate during the reaction process, dynamically adjusting the reaction temperature and reaction pressure through a prediction model, and jointly adjusting the opening of the discharge valve to further optimize the reaction residence time, wherein the sampling data includes reaction product composition data, reaction product quality indicators, reaction conversion efficiency parameters, and reaction system state parameters; S30, real-time monitoring of the flow rate, opening of the regulating valve, separation temperature, separation pressure, and liquid level of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, automatically adjusting the opening of the regulating valve according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, and recovering heat in stages through a three-stage cooler; S40. Determine whether the current key parameters exceed the warning value. If so, trigger an emergency alarm signal and emergency process. The key parameters include reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure, liquid level and program running time parameters.

[0028] The present disclosure provides an intelligent control method for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction, comprising the following steps: S10. The feed solid content and feed flow rate of the biomass are monitored in real time by a mass flow meter, and the feed flow rate is dynamically adjusted by a feed pump frequency converter in combination with pre-input material characteristic parameters to control the reaction residence time.

[0029] In this embodiment, intelligent feed control utilizes integrated feedback from the feed pump inverter and mass flowmeter to monitor feed solids content, dynamically adjust feed flow rate, and indirectly control reaction residence time (with a control accuracy of ±2 minutes in the 10-120 minute range). Automated operation is achieved through Siemens PLC software programming.

[0030] The intelligent feed control system uses a dual-hydraulic-cylinder pressurized screw feed pump system as an example. This system is equipped with two oil cylinders, U1 and U2, which share a single hydraulic pump. Raw materials are pumped into the cylinders via the screw pumps. Solenoid valves YV1, YV5, YV2, YV8, YV3, YV7, YV4, and YV6 are switched to charge and release the cylinders, thus achieving hydraulic transmission of the raw materials. Automatic and continuous material feeding is achieved through electronic control. The maximum operating pressure of the high-pressure tank of this feed system is 16MPa; the hydraulic system pressure is 8MPa; the maximum output flow of the hydraulic system is 12L / min, corresponding to a maximum flow of 6L / min during material output; and the average material output flow rate reaches 100L / h.

[0031] The system components and functions are as follows: Hydraulic components are used to provide power for the system; power components include hydraulic pumps and screw pumps; oil cylinders are used as actuators; control components include electric valves and solenoid valves; auxiliary components include oil tanks, oil pipes, pipe joints, filters and pressure gauges; control cabinets and control software are used as electronic control components. The touch screen is used as the operation interface, which includes the main interface, parameter settings and alarm records. The main interface has information such as transmission pipelines, transmission components and electronic control components. The main interface of intelligent feed control is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0032] Initial State: Solenoid valves YV5, YV6, YV7, and YV8 are fully closed; YV1, YV2, YV3, and YV4 are fully closed; U1 is fully raised and U2 is fully lowered (or vice versa). Debug Mode: Pressing the "Debug Mode" key allows manual operation of the hydraulic components on the main interface. Automatic Start: In the initial state, when the yellow indicator light is solid, you can press the "Auto Start" key to initiate automatic operation. During automatic operation, the signal indicator light is solid green. End Operation: Pressing the "End Operation" key terminates automatic operation and returns to the initial state. Emergency Stop: Pressing the "Emergency Stop" key provides an emergency stop of the hydraulic system. Alarm Reset: Silences fault alarms and resets the status. Tank Parameters: Displays the current hydraulic pressure and sets the hydraulic alarm pressure. Frequency Converter PV: Displays the current operating frequency of the hydraulic pump and screw pump. Frequency Converter SP: Sets the operating frequency of the hydraulic pump and screw pump. The solenoid valves can be electric solenoid valves.

[0033] System operation includes debugging mode, startup operation sequence and end operation sequence.

[0034] Debug mode: This can be understood as a manual operation mode. In debug mode, the user can manually operate the solenoid valve, solenoid valve, hydraulic pump, screw pump, cooling fan, etc. During the rising process of U1: close YV2 and YV8, then open YV1 and YV5, and then turn on the hydraulic pump; During the descending process of U1: turn off the hydraulic pump, close YV1 and YV5, then open YV2 and YV8, and turn on the screw pump; During the rising process of U2: close YV4 and YV6, then open YV3 and YV7, and then turn on the hydraulic pump; During the descending process of U2: turn off the hydraulic pump, close YV3 and YV7, then open YV4 and YV6, and then turn on the screw pump.

[0035] Startup Sequence: Before starting, check the status of the manual ball valves in the feed and transmission systems, and the liquid level in the raw material tank. Power on: The emergency stop button should be rotated out. Initialization Status Check: A solid yellow tri-color indicator light indicates initialization. Flashing yellow requires entering "Debug Mode" to manually adjust the transmission components to their initial state. Press the "Auto Start" function key; the tri-color indicator light will turn solid green.

[0036] End operation sequence: Press the "End Run" function key, wait for the three-color indicator light to turn solid yellow; press the emergency stop button to cut off the power. The above automated operations are implemented through Siemens PLC software programming.

[0037] Furthermore, dynamically adjusting the feed flow rate in combination with pre-input material characteristic parameters includes: obtaining the pre-input material characteristic parameters, including the feed solid content range, organic matter content, viscosity index and elemental composition; and inputting the basic physical property tests of each batch of materials, such as industrial analysis, elemental analysis, viscosity test, composition analysis, etc., into the feed data analysis system, and comparing and analyzing the feed solid content of the biomass monitored in real time by the mass flow meter with the pre-input material characteristic parameters to obtain the optimal feed material parameters, such as solid content and organic matter range; based on the comparison and analysis results, the dynamically adjusted feed flow rate is determined by calculation through a control algorithm.

[0038] S20. Based on the real-time sampling data and feed flow rate during the reaction process, the reaction temperature and reaction pressure are dynamically adjusted through the prediction model, and the discharge valve opening is adjusted in conjunction to further optimize the reaction residence time, wherein the sampling data includes reaction product composition data, reaction product quality indicators, reaction conversion efficiency parameters and reaction system state parameters.

[0039] In this embodiment, taking the hydrothermal production of bio-oil from kitchen waste as an example, the bio-oil yield is 60% at a residence time of 60 minutes and a reaction temperature of 300°C, but the bio-oil yield is 30% at a residence time of 30 minutes and a temperature of 250°C. That is, the hourly bio-oil yield under both reaction conditions is 60%, but the latter has lower energy consumption and lower overall cost.

[0040] A regular automated sampling system removes mixed samples from a reaction cycle, tests the reaction yield and other data, and then inputs them into the intelligent reaction control system. Through process data collection and predictive model training and analysis, the intelligent reaction control system dynamically adjusts the reaction temperature (with an accuracy of ±2°C in the 100-350°C range), reaction pressure (with an accuracy of ±2MPa in the 1-30MPa range), and residence time (with an accuracy of ±2min in the 10-120min range). It comprehensively evaluates the reaction and separation costs, as well as the composition and quality of the biooil, under different process conditions to identify the optimal process route and ensure optimal economic efficiency. Dynamic adjustment of the reaction temperature is achieved by controlling the heat supply to the preheater and reaction heater, which is controlled by thermocouple feedback signals. Dynamic adjustment of the reaction pressure is achieved by controlling the reactor discharge valve using feedback signals from a pressure sensor. Liquid level control is achieved by feeding the liquid level gauge signal back to the regulating valve, controlling the liquid level, and the feed pump frequency converter controls the feed flow rate.

[0041] Remote temperature control uses a PID controller to measure and control temperature, feeding signals back to the heating equipment via thermocouples to control system temperature. Remote pressure control uses a PID controller to measure and control pressure, feeding signals back to the electric control valve via a pressure sensor to control system pressure. Remote flow control uses a mass flow meter to feed signals back to the electric control valve to control pipeline flow. Remote liquid level control uses a level gauge to feed signals back to the electric control valve to control liquid level.

[0042] The above pressures, temperatures, and flows are all controlled by PID. The first-stage preheater and third-stage cooler, the second-stage preheater and second-stage cooler, and the third-stage preheater and first-stage cooler are all integrated to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0043] S30. Monitor the flow rate, opening of the regulating valve, separation temperature, separation pressure and liquid level of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank in real time, automatically adjust the opening of the regulating valve according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, and recover heat in stages through a three-stage cooler to achieve temperature- and pressure-zone separation of gas, solid and liquid three-phases, which does not affect the continuous process of the reaction and can recover waste heat to the greatest extent.

[0044] In this embodiment, taking the gas-solid-liquid three-phase zone pressure separation as an example, the discharge temperature of the biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction is 300°C and the pressure is 15Mpa. The gas-solid-liquid three-phase zone pressure separation does not affect the continuous process of the reaction and can recover the waste heat to the greatest extent. In addition, the slow cooling after the biomass reaction can also reduce the biochar by-products, but it relies on certain technical means of risk control. Intelligent separation control, through Mitsubishi PLC programming, is connected to the mass flow meter, opening control valve, temperature sensor and pressure sensor to monitor the overall flow, valve opening, temperature and pressure of the gas-liquid separation and solid-liquid separation units in real time, so as to facilitate the regulation of the separation process and the recovery of the corresponding heat.

[0045] Among them, the opening of the regulating valve is automatically adjusted according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, including: real-time monitoring of the separation pressure by pressure sensors arranged on the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank; comparing the monitored separation pressures of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank with preset pressure thresholds, and performing real-time feedback adjustment based on the comparison results to maintain the separation pressures of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank within the set working range; when the separation pressure continues to rise and exceeds the bursting pressure of the safety valve, the emergency pressure relief protection action is triggered.

[0046] Furthermore, the monitored separation pressures of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank are compared with preset pressure thresholds, and real-time feedback adjustment is performed based on the comparison results, including: when it is detected that the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank reaches its preset pressure threshold, the opening of its outlet regulating valve is automatically adjusted through a proportional-integral-differential control algorithm; when it is detected that the separation pressure of the solid-liquid separation buffer tank reaches its preset pressure threshold, the opening of its outlet regulating valve is automatically adjusted through a proportional-integral-differential control algorithm.

[0047] Intelligent control system structure diagram Figure 3 As shown, the three-stage cooler's tiered heat recovery specifically involves: First, before the reaction discharge, the material undergoes primary cooling in the heat circulation loop, recovering some of the heat for the three-stage preheating process before the reaction. The high-temperature material from the reaction discharge is cooled from 300°C to 100-200°C in the primary cooler, then enters the gas-liquid separation buffer tank for gas-liquid separation. The recovered high-temperature heat is then transferred to the three-stage preheater for material preheating.

[0048] At this point, the discharge pressure remains at 15 MPa and continues to rise with continuous discharge. Through automated programming, when the pressure in the gas-liquid separation buffer tank reaches 15.1 MPa (adjustable), the regulating valve at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank automatically opens to separate the liquid and solid phases. The valve opening is controlled in real-time based on the liquid and solid phase flow rates to ensure stable liquid and solid phase discharge. When the pressure in the gas-liquid separation buffer tank falls below 15 MPa (adjustable), the regulating valve at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank automatically closes. Simultaneously, secondary cooling in the heat circulation loop recovers some heat for secondary preheating before the reaction. The intermediate-temperature material, after primary cooling, is cooled in the secondary cooler from 100-200°C to 50-99.99°C (for example, from 100°C to 99.9°C, or from 200°C to 50°C, with a controllable cooling range). The material then enters the solid-liquid separation buffer tank for solid-liquid separation. The recovered intermediate-temperature heat is then transferred to the secondary preheater for material preheating.

[0049] At this point, the pressure in the solid-liquid separation buffer tank remains maintained at 5-10 MPa and continues to rise with continued separation. Through automated programming, when the pressure in the solid-liquid separation buffer tank reaches 5.1 MPa (adjustable), the regulating valve at the bottom of the tank automatically opens, allowing pressurized liquid to enter the filtration equipment for separation and liquid product separation. The regulating valve opening is controlled in real-time based on the liquid product discharge flow rate to ensure stable liquid product discharge. When the pressure in the gas-liquid separation buffer tank falls below 5 MPa (adjustable), the regulating valve at the bottom of the tank automatically closes. Simultaneously, through the three-stage cooling system of the heat circulation loop, some heat is recovered for primary preheating before the reaction. The low-temperature material after secondary cooling is cooled in the three-stage cooler from 50-100°C to 20-49.99°C (for example, from 100°C to 20°C, or from 50°C to 49.99°C, with a controllable and adjustable cooling range). The pressure is then reduced to normal atmospheric pressure, and the recovered low-temperature heat is transferred to the primary preheater for material preheating.

[0050] The above pressures, temperatures, and flows are all controlled by PID. The first-stage preheater and third-stage cooler, the second-stage preheater and second-stage cooler, and the third-stage preheater and first-stage cooler are all integrated to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0051] S40. Determine whether the current key parameters exceed the warning value. If so, trigger an emergency alarm signal and emergency process. The key parameters include reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure, liquid level and program running time parameters.

[0052] In this embodiment, intelligent risk control focuses on preventing equipment failures that could lead to system overpressure, overtemperature, over-liquid level, or critical program delays, along with the associated secondary risks. By setting warning values for key parameters and program execution times, the system can self-diagnose the fault location, trigger emergency procedures, and generate alarm signals and conduct fault analysis.

[0053] Taking the automatic emergency stop of the feed pump (overpressure or timeout feedback) as an example, the feed pump control parameter setting interface is mainly used to prevent the U1 and U2 cylinder proximity switches from being damaged, which causes the system to be unable to alarm. It is entered through the "Parameter Setting" function key on the main interface. The feed pump control parameter setting interface diagram is as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure: U1 cylinder extension time: the time it takes for the U1 cylinder to extend from the lower proximity switch to the upper proximity switch; U1 cylinder retraction time: the time it takes for the U1 cylinder to retract from the upper proximity switch to the lower proximity switch; U2 cylinder extension time: the time it takes for the U2 cylinder to extend from the lower proximity switch to the upper proximity switch; U2 cylinder retraction time: the time it takes for the U2 cylinder to retract from the upper proximity switch to the lower proximity switch.

[0054] In addition to the above-mentioned real-time temperature and pressure automatic control means, the stability of the reaction and separation system is maintained. The intelligent risk management logic block diagram is as follows Figure 5 As shown, when the reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure, liquid level, or program run time exceeds the primary alarm setpoint, the system automatically releases pressure or disconnects the heat supply, simultaneously issuing a primary alarm signal and generating a fault analysis report. If the emergency procedures can eliminate the overpressure, overtemperature, or overliquid level, or if the critical program run time is normal, the reaction and separation will proceed automatically. If the abnormal condition cannot be eliminated, the reaction and separation will remain suspended pending troubleshooting and repair.

[0055] If the reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, or separation pressure exceeds the safety valve burst pressure, or if key parameters exceed the emergency alarm setting, the reaction is immediately terminated, an emergency alarm signal is triggered, and detailed fault diagnosis information is generated for investigation and repair. This occurs when the safety diaphragm burst pressure setting is higher than the emergency alarm setting, and the emergency alarm setting is higher than the primary alarm setting.

[0056] The system can be shut down directly using a virtual emergency stop button on the control interface or a physical emergency stop button installed on site, automatically executing a chain of protective actions: shutting down the feed pump, cutting off the heat supply, releasing pressure, and reducing the temperature. In this embodiment, emergency operation buttons are provided: pressing the "Emergency Stop" button on the control interface shuts down the feed pump, activates automatic pressure relief, and disconnects the heat supply; installing a physical "Emergency Stop" button and pressing it shuts down the system, reducing the temperature, and releasing pressure.

[0057] Intelligent process simulation simulates real-time feeding, reaction and separation processes through manual input or changes in material parameters and reaction conditions, and displays the operating status of each module and possible reaction risks in real time. When risks occur, it can prompt relevant solutions and emergency measures for novice on-the-job training and daily safety education.

[0058] Intelligent human-computer interaction uses an industrial HMI interface with an integrated voice control module, which can display the real-time status of the 3D visualization reactor and separator.

[0059] The present embodiment proposes an intelligent control method for a continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction, which improves the intelligence, automation, stability and safety of the continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction process. Through reaction process data collection and prediction model training analysis, the reaction temperature, reaction pressure and residence time are dynamically adjusted to find the optimal process route and ensure optimal economic efficiency. Intelligent separation control can achieve temperature and pressure separation of gas, solid and liquid three-phases. Real-time monitoring of the flow rate, valve opening, temperature and pressure of gas-liquid separation and solid-liquid separation facilitates the regulation of the separation process and the recovery of the corresponding heat. Intelligent risk control focuses on preventing equipment failures from causing system overpressure, overtemperature, overliquid level or time delays in key programs and the secondary risks they bring.

[0060] As another aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction intelligent control system 100 is also provided. Figure 6 Shown, including: Feed flow dynamic adjustment module 1 monitors the feed solid content and feed flow of biomass in real time through a mass flow meter, and dynamically adjusts the feed flow rate through the feed pump inverter in combination with pre-input material characteristic parameters to control the reaction residence time; Reaction control module 2, based on real-time sampling data and feed flow during the reaction process, dynamically adjusts the reaction temperature and reaction pressure through a prediction model, and jointly adjusts the opening of the discharge valve to further optimize the reaction residence time, wherein the sampling data includes reaction product composition data, reaction product quality indicators, reaction conversion efficiency parameters, and reaction system state parameters; Separation control module 3 monitors the flow rate, opening of the regulating valve, separation temperature, separation pressure and liquid level of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank in real time, automatically adjusts the opening of the regulating valve according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, and recovers heat in stages through the three-stage cooler; The alarm and emergency module 4 determines whether the current key parameters exceed the warning value. If the warning value is exceeded, an emergency alarm signal and an emergency process are triggered. The key parameters include reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure, liquid level height and program running time parameters.

[0061] In the absence of any contradiction, the above modules in the system of the embodiment of the present disclosure can implement any implementation of the above method.

[0062] Based on the description of the above embodiments, it can be seen that the embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve the following technical effects: 1) This disclosure achieves continuous production of biomass hydrothermal liquefaction through automated programming and intelligent control systems, significantly improving production efficiency and reducing labor costs. By employing real-time data acquisition, predictive model training, and PID control technology, key parameters such as temperature, pressure, and residence time can be dynamically and precisely adjusted to optimize process stability and product quality.

[0063] 2) This disclosure integrates an intelligent risk control module, which rapidly responds to anomalies such as overpressure and overtemperature through multi-level early warning and emergency procedures (such as automatic pressure relief and emergency stop buttons), ensuring equipment and personnel safety. An innovative multi-stage waste heat recovery system, combined with temperature and pressure separation technology, reduces energy consumption, minimizes byproduct generation, and improves energy efficiency, meeting green production requirements.

[0064] 3) This disclosure provides a process simulation system for on-the-job training of new operators, reducing training costs and operational risks. The industrial HMI interface integrates voice control and 3D visualization technology to achieve intuitive human-computer interaction, simplify operational processes, and enhance the convenience of production management.

[0065] The present disclosure also provides an electronic device comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor. The processor is configured to implement the aforementioned intelligent control method for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction. The electronic device can be provided as a terminal, server, or other device.

[0066] The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program instructions implement the aforementioned intelligent control method for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction. The computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium.

[0067] Those skilled in the art will understand that in the above-mentioned intelligent control method and system for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction in a specific embodiment, the writing order of each step does not mean a strict execution order and does not constitute any limitation on the implementation process. The specific execution order of each step should be determined by its function and possible internal logic.

[0068] The flow charts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a part of a module, program segment or instruction, and the part of the module, program segment or instruction contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the prescribed logical function. In some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the prescribed function or action, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0069] While various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, the above descriptions are illustrative, non-exhaustive, and not intended to be limiting of the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is selected to best explain the principles of the embodiments, their practical applications, or technical improvements to existing technologies, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction intelligent control method, characterized in that: The steps include: S10, monitoring the feed solid content and feed flow rate of the biomass in real time through a mass flow meter, and dynamically adjusting the feed flow rate through a feed pump frequency converter in combination with pre-input material characteristic parameters to control the reaction residence time; S20, based on real-time sampling data and feed flow rate during the reaction process, dynamically adjusting the reaction temperature and reaction pressure through a prediction model, and jointly adjusting the opening of the discharge valve to further optimize the reaction residence time, wherein the sampling data includes reaction product composition data, reaction product quality indicators, reaction conversion efficiency parameters, and reaction system state parameters; S30, real-time monitoring of the flow rate, opening of the regulating valve, separation temperature, separation pressure, and liquid level of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, automatically adjusting the opening of the regulating valve according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, and recovering heat in stages through a three-stage cooler; S40. Determine whether the current key parameters exceed the warning value. If so, trigger an emergency alarm signal and emergency process. The key parameters include reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure, liquid level and program running time parameters.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Dynamic adjustment of feed flow rate based on pre-entered material characteristic parameters includes: Obtain pre-input material characteristic parameters, including feed solid content range, organic matter content, viscosity index and elemental composition; Compare and analyze the biomass feed solid content monitored in real time by the mass flow meter with the pre-input material characteristic parameters; Based on the comparison and analysis results, the dynamically adjusted feed flow rate is determined through control algorithm calculation.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Dynamically adjust reaction temperature and pressure through predictive models, including: The liquid level height is controlled by feeding back the liquid level signal of the liquid level meter to the regulating valve, and the feed flow rate is controlled by the feed pump frequency converter; The reaction heater is controlled by the thermocouple feedback signal to adjust the reaction temperature; The discharge valve of the reactor is controlled by the feedback signal of the pressure sensor to adjust the reaction pressure.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Automatically adjust the opening of the regulating valve according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, including: The separation pressure is monitored in real time by pressure sensors installed on the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank; The monitored separation pressures of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank are compared with the preset pressure thresholds, and real-time feedback adjustment is performed based on the comparison results to maintain the separation pressures of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank within the set working range; When the separation pressure continues to rise and exceeds the bursting pressure of the safety valve, the emergency pressure relief protection action is triggered.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The monitored separation pressures of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank are compared with the preset pressure thresholds, and real-time feedback adjustment is performed based on the comparison results, including: When it is detected that the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank reaches its preset pressure threshold, the opening of its outlet regulating valve is automatically adjusted through the proportional-integral-differential control algorithm; When it is detected that the separation pressure of the solid-liquid separation buffer tank reaches its preset pressure threshold, the opening of its outlet regulating valve is automatically adjusted through the proportional-integral-differential control algorithm.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Heat recovery through three-stage coolers includes: The high-temperature material from the reaction discharge is cooled from 300°C to 100-200°C through the first-stage cooler, and the recovered high-temperature heat is transported to the third-stage preheater for material preheating; The medium-temperature material after primary cooling is cooled from 100-200°C to 50-99.99°C through the secondary cooler, and the recovered medium-temperature heat is transported to the secondary preheater for material preheating; The low-temperature material after secondary cooling is cooled from 50-100°C to 20-49.99°C through a three-stage cooler, and the recovered low-temperature heat is transported to the first-stage preheater for material preheating.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Triggering emergency alarm signals and emergency procedures include: When it is detected that the reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure, liquid level or program running time parameters exceed the primary alarm setting value, the system will automatically release the pressure or cut off the heat supply, and at the same time send out a primary alarm signal and generate a fault analysis report; When it is detected that the reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure are higher than the safety valve bursting pressure or the key parameters exceed the emergency alarm setting value, the reaction will be terminated immediately, the emergency alarm signal will be triggered and detailed fault diagnosis information will be generated; The system can be shut down directly through the virtual emergency stop button on the control interface or the physical emergency stop button installed on site, and the chain protection actions of feed pump shutdown, heat supply cut-off, pressure relief and temperature reduction will be automatically executed.

8. An intelligent control system for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction, characterized in that: include: The feed flow dynamic adjustment module monitors the feed solid content and feed flow of biomass in real time through a mass flow meter, and dynamically adjusts the feed flow rate through the feed pump inverter in combination with pre-input material characteristic parameters to control the reaction residence time; A reaction control module dynamically adjusts the reaction temperature and pressure through a prediction model based on real-time sampling data and feed flow during the reaction process, and also adjusts the discharge valve opening to further optimize the reaction residence time. The sampling data includes reaction product composition data, reaction product quality indicators, reaction conversion efficiency parameters, and reaction system state parameters. The separation control module monitors the flow rate, opening of the regulating valve, separation temperature, separation pressure and liquid level of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank in real time. It automatically adjusts the opening of the regulating valve according to the separation pressure of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and the solid-liquid separation buffer tank, and recovers heat in stages through the three-stage cooler. The alarm and emergency module determines whether the current key parameters exceed the warning value. If they exceed the warning value, an emergency alarm signal and emergency process are triggered. The key parameters include reaction temperature, reaction pressure, separation temperature, separation pressure, liquid level height and program running time parameters.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the intelligent control method for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the intelligent control method for continuous biomass hydrothermal liquefaction reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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