Grouting reinforcement process electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experiment system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experiment system in a grouting reinforcement process. The system comprises a transparent soil system, a grouting system, an image acquisition system, an electrical resistance tomography monitoring system and a comparative analysis system, the transparent soil system comprises a transparent box body and transparent soil filled in the transparent box body; the transparent soil is prepared from a transparent soil particle material and a pore fluid; the image acquisition system performs three-dimensional image information acquisition on the grouting area, and generates a three-dimensional grouting image after processing; the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system is used for measuring and monitoring the internal conductivity distribution condition of the transparent soil system on line and generating an internal structure chromatogram of the transparent box body through a conductivity distribution diagram; the contrastive analysis system inputs a three-dimensional grouting image and an internal structure chromatogram of the transparent box body; and comparing and analyzing the two, and optimizing the internal structure chromatogram of the transparent box body based on the three-dimensional grouting image according to the analysis result. According to the method, the grouting reinforcement process is dynamically monitored, and the electrical resistance tomography is optimized and feasibly verified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rock and soil mechanics and geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to a resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system and method for a grouting reinforcement process. Background Art

[0002] Currently, foundation pit reinforcement and anti-seepage are important issues in civil engineering construction. With the introduction of equipment such as rotary drilling rigs and integrated drilling and spraying machines, the problem of foundation pit grouting has been resolved to a certain extent. However, in terms of real-time monitoring of grouting effects, especially when facing complex terrain, the actual engineering field still faces many difficulties such as a lack of monitoring methods and low accuracy. Electrical resistance tomography is an effective means of real-time monitoring of the foundation pit grouting reinforcement process. By laying out electrodes, the distribution and dynamic changes of electrical signals in the test area can be obtained. The processed electrical signals can be used for inversion imaging, thereby realizing dynamic monitoring of the internal conditions of the foundation pit.

[0003] The research object of electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is the conductivity (σ) in the sensitive field to be measured. Its principle is to measure the different conductivities in two-phase or multi-phase media to generate different electrical signals. The value of the resistance reflects the distribution of conductivity in the field, that is, the distribution of the medium. The electrical signal fed back by the electrode can be used as the basis for inversion imaging by the post-processing system. The use of a three-dimensional electrode array mode on the original technology can also further obtain dynamic electrical signals in the field on a spatial scale to achieve three-dimensional imaging. Electrical resistance tomography technology has significant advantages such as low cost, simple structure, non-invasiveness, and high speed. It has unique applicability in underground construction projects. Compared with traditional measurement methods, electrical resistance tomography is not affected by the terrain environment, can be well adapted to construction equipment, has more sensitive monitoring signals, and more accurate imaging.

[0004] However, the transition from theoretical to engineering practice in ERT technology still faces challenges. These include the inadequate representation of the actual underground space using inversion imaging and the difficulty in collecting training data. Engineering-scale testing is difficult, time-consuming, and resource-intensive. Therefore, there is an urgent need to optimize ERT technology from a laboratory perspective and demonstrate its accuracy and practicality for engineering applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a system and method for electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experiment in a grouting reinforcement process in order to solve the technical problems existing in the known technology.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems existing in the known technology is:

[0007] An electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for a grouting reinforcement process, comprising a transparent soil system, a grouting system, an image acquisition system, an electrical resistance tomography monitoring system, and a comparative analysis system;

[0008] The transparent soil system includes a transparent box with an upper opening and transparent soil filled in the transparent box; the transparent soil is prepared from transparent soil granular materials and pore fluid;

[0009] The grouting system includes a slurry storage device, a slurry conveying device, a lifting device, and a grouting nozzle; the slurry storage device is used to store slurry; the grouting nozzle is used to inject slurry into the transparent soil system, and is provided with a liquid guide hole therein, with a tapered lower end; the slurry conveying device includes a slurry pipeline and a slurry pump; the slurry pump is used to convey the slurry in the slurry storage device to the slurry pipeline, which is connected to the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle; the lifting device is used to raise and lower the grouting nozzle;

[0010] The image acquisition system includes a camera system, a light source for camera, and a camera data processing system. The camera system includes N cameras, where N is greater than or equal to 2. The light source for camera is illuminated on the grouting area of the transparent soil system, and three-dimensional image information of the grouting area is acquired by the N cameras. The data acquired by the N cameras is input into the camera data processing system, which processes the data to generate a three-dimensional grouting image.

[0011] The electrical resistance tomography monitoring system is used to online measure and monitor the conductivity distribution inside the transparent soil system. It includes a three-dimensional electrode array unit arranged inside the transparent box. The system collects the electrical signal between any two electrodes in the three-dimensional electrode array unit, calculates the conductivity distribution map of the material inside the transparent box through an inversion and reconstruction algorithm, and generates a tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the conductivity distribution map.

[0012] The comparative analysis system inputs the three-dimensional grouting image from the image acquisition system and the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box from the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system; compares and analyzes the two, and optimizes the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the three-dimensional grouting image according to the analysis results.

[0013] Furthermore, the comparative analysis system includes an adversarial neural network, which includes a generator and a discriminator. The tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box generated by the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system is used as the input of the generator, and the output of the generator and the three-dimensional grouting image generated by the image acquisition system are used as the input of the discriminator respectively; the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box and the three-dimensional grouting image are compared and analyzed through the output of the discriminator, and based on the output of the discriminator, it is evaluated whether the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box meets the accuracy requirements. If the accuracy requirements are not met, the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box is optimized by optimizing and adjusting the parameters in the inversion and reconstruction algorithm of the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system until the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box meets the accuracy requirements.

[0014] Furthermore, the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system further includes an excitation power supply unit, a data acquisition unit, a signal control unit, and an image reconstruction unit;

[0015] The excitation power supply unit is used to apply current or voltage to the circuit formed between the two electrodes;

[0016] The data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the electrode array unit, and is used to acquire a voltage or current signal corresponding to the circuit between the two electrodes when the two electrode ends of the three-dimensional electrode array unit are excited by a power supply, and convert the acquired signal into a digital signal;

[0017] The signal control unit is used to control the excitation power supply unit to send an excitation power supply signal to the three-dimensional electrode array unit, triggering the data acquisition unit to collect the boundary voltage or loop current of the conductive medium between two electrodes in the three-dimensional electrode array unit;

[0018] A calculation model is designed in the image reconstruction unit, which receives the digital signal sent by the data acquisition unit and inverts the conductivity distribution image inside the object through the calculation model.

[0019] Furthermore, the signal control unit includes a channel switching module; the excitation power supply unit is provided with a channel group A electrically connected one-to-one with each electrode of the three-dimensional electrode array unit; the data acquisition unit is provided with a channel group B electrically connected one-to-one with each electrode of the three-dimensional electrode array unit; the channel switching module is used to control the on and off of the channels in channel group A and channel group B.

[0020] Furthermore, the calculation model includes a finite element calculation model or a finite difference calculation model.

[0021] Furthermore, the light source for video recording includes: a multi-layer laser light source, or a single-layer laser light source and a light source lifting device; the output light direction of the multi-layer laser light source and the single-layer laser light source is horizontal; the multi-layer laser light source is arranged layer by layer corresponding to the horizontal layout layer of the three-dimensional electrode array, and each layer of laser light source is aligned with the horizontal layout layer of the corresponding three-dimensional electrode array; the single-layer laser light source is raised and lowered by the light source lifting device to align with the horizontal layout layer of the three-dimensional electrode array.

[0022] Furthermore, during the grouting reinforcement process, the image acquisition system uses PIVview2C software to collect and process the signals collected by the multi-camera to obtain the slurry displacement cloud map during the grouting reinforcement process.

[0023] Furthermore, the grouting system also includes a base, on which a vertical support column and a horizontal turntable are provided. The fixed part of the horizontal turntable is fixedly connected to the base, the rotating part of the horizontal turntable is fixedly connected to the vertical support column, the vertical support column is connected to a horizontal telescopic rod, and the lifting device includes a rotating lifting rod; the fixed end of the horizontal telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical support column; the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic rod is provided with a threaded hole with an axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the circumferential surface of the rotating lifting rod is provided with a thread matching the threaded hole; the rotating lifting rod is manually or electrically driven to rotate, and the lower end of the rotating lifting rod is connected to the grouting nozzle or drill bit.

[0024] Furthermore, the transparent soil is prepared from quartz sand and calcium bromide solution, the mass ratio of calcium bromide solution to quartz sand is 2.5-3:8, the concentration of calcium bromide solution is 60-70%, and the particle size range of transparent soil particles is 0.5-0.25 mm.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for conducting an electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experiment during a grouting reinforcement process using the above-mentioned electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system. The method comprises the following steps:

[0026] Prepare transparent soil; prepare grouting slurry and place it in a slurry storage device;

[0027] A square transparent box is prepared, electrodes are arranged layer by layer in the transparent box to form a three-dimensional electrode array, transparent soil is filled into the transparent box and compacted and leveled into a transparent soil body; grouting holes are opened in the transparent soil body;

[0028] Adjust the positions of the N-camera and the light source used for imaging, and calibrate the N-camera;

[0029] The lifting device is driven to lower the grouting nozzle so that the tapered lower end of the grouting nozzle is inserted into the grouting hole, and the slurry pump is started so that the slurry in the slurry storage device enters the transparent soil body through the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle;

[0030] Before, during, and after grouting and during the grouting reinforcement process, the image acquisition system and the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system synchronously collect signals. The image acquisition system processes the collected data to generate a three-dimensional grouting image. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring system calculates the conductivity distribution map of the material inside the transparent box based on the collected signals and generates a tomography map of the internal structure of the transparent box from the conductivity distribution map.

[0031] The comparative analysis system inputs the three-dimensional grouting image from the image acquisition system and the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box from the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system; compares and analyzes the two, and optimizes the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the three-dimensional grouting image according to the analysis results.

[0032] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system and method for a grouting reinforcement process, which can realize dynamic monitoring of the grouting reinforcement process.

[0033] The present invention provides an electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for the grouting reinforcement process. By setting up a comparative analysis system, a three-dimensional grouting image generated by an image acquisition system and a tomogram of the internal structure of a transparent box generated by an electrical resistance tomography monitoring system are compared and analyzed, and the analysis results are used to optimize the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the three-dimensional grouting image.

[0034] The grouting system is composed of a horizontal turntable, a horizontal telescopic rod, and a rotary lifting rod; grouting holes can be opened and grouting can be performed at any position of the transparent soil. The circumference of the rotary lifting rod is provided with threads that match the threaded holes; the rotary lifting rod is rotated manually or electrically, and the lower end of the rotary lifting rod is connected to the grouting nozzle or drill bit.

[0035] Based on the requirements of both image acquisition and electrical resistance tomography, the present invention optimizes the inversion effect of electrical resistance tomography by means of image acquisition information, and completes the comparison and analysis of the effects of the two imaging methods, revealing the accuracy and applicability of electrical resistance tomography technology in the evaluation and monitoring process of grouting reinforcement, and providing guidance for engineering applications.

[0036] The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and is suitable for monitoring and analyzing the grouting reinforcement process in a laboratory. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for a grouting reinforcement process according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the image acquisition system.

[0039] Figure 3 The working principle diagram of the comparative analysis system is shown in the figure.

[0040] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of transparent soil preparation.

[0041] Figure 5 The present invention is a workflow diagram of an electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental method for a grouting reinforcement process.

[0042] In the figure: 1. Rotating lifting rod; 2. Horizontal telescopic rod; 3. Level; 4. Slurry storage device; 5. Slurry pipeline; 6. Slurry pump; 7. Horizontal turntable; 8. Comparative analysis system; 9. Base; 10. Electrical resistance tomography monitoring system; 11. Camera system; 12. Electrode; 13. Transparent box; 14. Light source for camera; 15. Grouting hole; 16. Transparent soil; 17. Grouting nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connection" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component; it can also be an electrical connection or signal transmission. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] See Figures 1 to 5 , a resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for a grouting reinforcement process, comprising a transparent soil system, a grouting system, an image acquisition system, a resistance tomography monitoring system 10 and a comparative analysis system 8;

[0046] The transparent soil system includes a transparent box 13 with an upper opening and transparent soil 16 filled in the transparent box 13; the transparent soil 16 is made of transparent soil granular material and pore fluid.

[0047] The grouting system includes a slurry storage device 4, a slurry conveying device, a lifting device and a grouting nozzle 17; the slurry storage device 4 is used to store slurry; the grouting nozzle 17 is used to inject slurry into the transparent soil system, and is provided with a liquid guide hole therein, and the lower end is conical in shape; the slurry conveying device includes a slurry pipeline 5 and a slurry pump 6; the slurry pump 6 is used to convey the slurry in the slurry storage device 4 to the slurry pipeline 5, and the slurry pipeline 5 is connected to the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle 17; the lifting device is used to lift the grouting nozzle 17.

[0048] The image acquisition system includes a camera system 11, a light source 14 for camera use, and a camera data processing system. The camera system 11 includes N cameras, where N is greater than or equal to 2. The light source 14 for camera use is illuminated on the grouting area of the transparent soil system, and three-dimensional image information of the grouting area is collected by the N cameras. The data collected by the N cameras is input into the camera data processing system, and the camera data processing system generates a three-dimensional grouting image after processing.

[0049] The electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 is used to online measure and monitor the conductivity distribution inside the transparent soil system. It includes a three-dimensional electrode array unit arranged in a transparent box 13. It collects the electrical signal between any two electrodes 12 in the three-dimensional electrode array unit, calculates the conductivity between any two electrodes 12, obtains the conductivity distribution map of the material in the transparent box 13 through an inversion reconstruction algorithm, and generates a tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the conductivity distribution map.

[0050] The comparative analysis system 8 inputs the 3D grouting image from the image acquisition system and the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box from the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10; compares and analyzes the two, and optimizes the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the 3D grouting image according to the analysis results.

[0051] Preferably, the transparent box 13 can be made of acrylic board, and the box size is 250-500mm long, 250-500mm wide, and 100-200mm high. Transparent soil is placed in the transparent box 13 to simulate grouting reinforcement of soil.

[0052] Preferably, the comparative analysis system 8 may include an adversarial neural network, which includes a generator and a discriminator. The transparent box internal structure tomogram generated by the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 may be used as input to the generator, and the output of the generator and the three-dimensional grouting image generated by the image acquisition system may be used as input to the discriminator respectively. The transparent box internal structure tomogram and the three-dimensional grouting image are compared and analyzed through the output of the discriminator, and whether the transparent box internal structure tomogram meets the accuracy requirement is evaluated based on the output of the discriminator. If the accuracy requirement is not met, the transparent box internal structure tomogram can be optimized by optimizing and adjusting the parameters in the inversion and reconstruction algorithm of the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 until the transparent box internal structure tomogram meets the accuracy requirement.

[0053] Adversarial neural networks, or GANs, consist of two parts: a generator and a discriminator. These two networks compete with each other, continuously improving their respective capabilities to ultimately generate realistic data. Adversarial neural networks work as follows: the generator receives random noise as input and, through a neural network, converts it into samples that resemble real data. The generator's goal is to generate realistic data to confuse the discriminator. The discriminator classifies input samples, determining whether they are real or fake samples generated by the generator. During training, the generator and discriminator compete with each other, with the generator striving to produce increasingly realistic samples while the discriminator strives to improve its classification accuracy. This adversarial training process is achieved by optimizing a loss function, ultimately reaching a dynamic equilibrium.

[0054] The comparative analysis system 8 can also use other image comparative analysis neural networks, such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), graph neural networks (GNN), etc., to extract features from the three-dimensional grouting images and tomographic images of the internal structure of the transparent box generated by the synchronous acquisition signals, and perform comparative analysis on the extracted features.

[0055] Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a type of feedforward neural network that incorporates convolution operations and are particularly well-suited for image processing. CNNs use convolution filters to perform convolution operations on images, efficiently extracting key image features. By convolving an image with a designed convolution filter, CNNs can gradually extract local image features. Pooling layers reduce the number of parameters and improve computational efficiency. CNNs have demonstrated outstanding performance in tasks such as image recognition and classification.

[0056] Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a type of neural network suitable for processing graph-structured data. In image comparison tasks, GNNs can model local and global features in images through the relationships between nodes and edges. GNNs update node representations through a message passing mechanism, enabling them to capture the complex relationships between objects in an image, resulting in excellent performance in image comparison tasks. GNNs have advantages when processing images with complex structures and relationships, particularly in scenarios where understanding multiple objects and their interactions within an image is crucial.

[0057] Preferably, the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 may further include an excitation power supply unit, a data acquisition unit, a signal control unit, and an image reconstruction unit.

[0058] The excitation power supply unit is used to apply current or voltage to the circuit formed between the two electrodes 12 .

[0059] The data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the electrode array unit and is used to collect the voltage or current signal generated by the circuit between the two electrodes 12 when the two electrodes 12 ends in the three-dimensional electrode array unit are excited by power application. When the two electrodes 12 ends are excited by current, the circuit between the two electrodes 12 generates a voltage signal. When the two electrodes 12 ends are excited by voltage, the circuit between the two electrodes 12 generates a current signal. The data acquisition unit converts the collected signal into a digital signal.

[0060] The signal control unit is used to control the excitation power supply unit to send an excitation power supply signal to the three-dimensional electrode array unit, triggering the data acquisition unit to collect the boundary voltage or loop current of the conductive medium between two electrodes 12 in the three-dimensional electrode array unit.

[0061] A calculation model is designed in the image reconstruction unit, which receives the digital signal sent by the data acquisition unit and inverts the conductivity distribution image inside the object through the calculation model.

[0062] Preferably, the signal control unit may include a channel switching module; the excitation power supply unit is provided with a channel group A electrically connected one-to-one with each electrode 12 of the three-dimensional electrode array unit; the data acquisition unit is provided with a channel group B electrically connected one-to-one with each electrode 12 of the three-dimensional electrode array unit; the channel switching module is used to control the on and off of the channels in channel group A and channel group B.

[0063] Preferably, the calculation model may include a finite element calculation model or a finite difference calculation model.

[0064] Preferably, the light source 14 for video recording may include a multi-layer laser light source, and the output light direction of the multi-layer laser light source is horizontal; the multi-layer laser light source is arranged layer by layer corresponding to the horizontal layout layer of the three-dimensional electrode array, and each layer of laser light source is aligned with the corresponding horizontal layout layer of the three-dimensional electrode array.

[0065] The imaging light source 14 may also include a single-layer laser light source and a light source lifting device. The single-layer laser light source outputs light in a horizontal direction. The single-layer laser light source is raised and lowered by the light source lifting device to align with the horizontal layout layer of the three-dimensional electrode array. Alternatively, the light source lifting device can be provided to raise and lower the laser light source layer by layer to the corresponding horizontal layer of the three-dimensional electrode array.

[0066] Preferably, during the grouting reinforcement process, the image acquisition system can use PIVview2C software to collect and process the signals collected by the multi-camera to obtain the slurry displacement cloud map during the grouting reinforcement process.

[0067] PIVview2C software is a cross-platform software for particle image velocimetry (PIV) evaluation. Its main functions and features are as follows:

[0068] Advanced processing algorithms: including multi-pass method, multi-grid (pyramid) method, dual correlation method, second-order image deformation method, various peak detectors and fitting algorithms, ensemble correlation, etc.

[0069] Image preprocessing: provides various filters, masks, region of interest selection and other functions.

[0070] Interactive calibration and anomaly detection: Capable of interactive calibration and anomaly detection and replacement.

[0071] Data post-processing: supports vorticity and strain calculation, vector and contour display / printing, and data export.

[0072] Batch processing capabilities: support batch processing of images and data sequences, dataset statistics calculation, stereo processing capabilities, drag-and-drop functionality, and mask editing.

[0073] Preferably, the grouting system may also include a base 9, on which a vertical support column and a horizontal turntable 7 may be provided. The fixed part of the horizontal turntable 7 is fixedly connected to the base 9, and the rotating part of the horizontal turntable 7 is fixedly connected to the vertical support column. The vertical support column may be connected to a horizontal telescopic rod 2, and the lifting device includes a rotating lifting rod 1; the fixed end of the horizontal telescopic rod 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical support column; the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic rod 2 may be provided with a threaded hole with an axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the circumferential surface of the rotating lifting rod 1 may be provided with a thread matching the threaded hole; the rotating lifting rod 1 can be driven manually or electrically to rotate, and the lower end of the rotating lifting rod 1 is connected to the grouting nozzle 17 or the drill bit.

[0074] The drill bit connected to the lower end of the rotary lifting rod 1 can be used to open a grouting hole 15 in the transparent soil system. After the grouting hole 15 is opened, the rotary lifting rod 1 is raised, the drill bit is removed, the grouting nozzle 17 is connected, and the rotary lifting rod 1 is lowered. When the grouting nozzle 17 is inserted into the grouting hole 15, the slurry pipeline 5 is connected to the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle 17 to inject the slurry into the transparent soil 16.

[0075] Preferably, the transparent soil 16 can be prepared from quartz sand and calcium bromide solution, the mass ratio of calcium bromide solution to quartz sand can be 2.5-3:8, the concentration of calcium bromide solution can be 60-70%, and the transparent soil 16 is medium sand, and the particle size range of its particles can be 0.5-0.25 mm.

[0076] The present invention also provides a method for conducting an electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experiment during a grouting reinforcement process using the above-mentioned electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system. The method comprises the following steps:

[0077] Prepare transparent soil 16; prepare grouting slurry and place it in the slurry storage device 4.

[0078] A square transparent box 13 is prepared, and electrodes 12 are arranged layer by layer in the transparent box 13 to form a three-dimensional electrode array. Transparent soil 16 is filled into the transparent box 13 and compacted and leveled into a transparent soil body; and grouting holes 15 are opened in the transparent soil body.

[0079] The positions of the N cameras and the imaging light source 14 are adjusted to calibrate the N cameras.

[0080] The lifting device is driven to lower the grouting nozzle 17 so that the tapered lower end of the grouting nozzle 17 is inserted into the grouting hole 15 , and the slurry pump 6 is started so that the slurry in the slurry storage device 4 enters the transparent soil through the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle 17 .

[0081] Before and after grouting and during the grouting reinforcement process, the image acquisition system and the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 synchronously collect signals; the image acquisition system processes the collected data to generate a three-dimensional grouting image; the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 calculates the conductivity distribution map of the material in the transparent box 13 based on the collected signals, and generates a tomography map of the internal structure of the transparent box through the conductivity distribution map.

[0082] The comparative analysis system 8 inputs the 3D grouting image from the image acquisition system and the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box from the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10; compares and analyzes the two, and optimizes the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the 3D grouting image according to the analysis results.

[0083] Preferably, the transparent soil granular material may include amorphous silica gel, amorphous silica powder, fused quartz sand and / or transparent glass sand.

[0084] Preferably, the grouting slurry may be a hardenable slurry.

[0085] The structure, workflow and working principle of the present invention are further described below with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention:

[0086] A resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for a grouting reinforcement process includes a transparent soil system, a grouting system, an image acquisition system, a resistance tomography monitoring system 10, and a comparative analysis system 8.

[0087] The transparent soil system includes a transparent box 13 with an upper opening and transparent soil 16 filled in the transparent box 13; the transparent soil 16 is made of transparent soil granular material and pore fluid.

[0088] The grouting system includes a slurry storage device 4, a slurry conveying device, a lifting device and a grouting nozzle 17; the slurry storage device 4 is used to store slurry; the grouting nozzle 17 is used to inject slurry into the transparent soil system, and is provided with a liquid guide hole therein, and the lower end is conical in shape; the slurry conveying device includes a slurry pipeline 5 and a slurry pump 6; the slurry pump 6 is used to convey the slurry in the slurry storage device 4 to the slurry pipeline 5, and the slurry pipeline 5 is connected to the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle 17; the lifting device is used to lift the grouting nozzle 17.

[0089] The image acquisition system includes a camera system 11, a light source 14 for camera use, and a camera data processing system. The camera system 11 includes N cameras, where N is greater than or equal to 2. The light source 14 for camera use is illuminated on the grouting area of the transparent soil system, and three-dimensional image information of the grouting area is collected by the N cameras. The data collected by the N cameras is input into the camera data processing system, and the camera data processing system generates a three-dimensional grouting image after processing.

[0090] The electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 is used to online measure and monitor the conductivity distribution inside the transparent soil system. It includes a three-dimensional electrode array unit arranged in a transparent box 13. It collects the electrical signal between any two electrodes 12 in the three-dimensional electrode array unit, calculates the conductivity between any two electrodes 12, obtains the conductivity distribution map of the material in the transparent box 13 through an inversion reconstruction algorithm, and generates a tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the conductivity distribution map.

[0091] The comparative analysis system 8 inputs the 3D grouting image from the image acquisition system and the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box from the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10; compares and analyzes the two, and optimizes the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the 3D grouting image according to the analysis results.

[0092] The comparative analysis system 8 includes an adversarial neural network, which includes a generator and a discriminator. The tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box generated by the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 is used as the input of the generator, and the output of the generator and the three-dimensional grouting image generated by the image acquisition system are used as the input of the discriminator respectively. The tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box and the three-dimensional grouting image are compared and analyzed through the output of the discriminator, and based on the output of the discriminator, it is evaluated whether the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box meets the accuracy requirements. If the accuracy requirements are not met, the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box is optimized by optimizing and adjusting the parameters in the inversion and reconstruction algorithm of the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 until the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box meets the accuracy requirements.

[0093] The electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 also includes an excitation power supply unit, a data acquisition unit, a signal control unit, and an image reconstruction unit; the excitation power supply unit is used to apply current or voltage to the circuit formed between the two electrodes 12; the data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the electrode array unit and is used to collect the voltage or current signal generated by the circuit between the two electrodes 12 when current or voltage is applied to the two ends of the three-dimensional electrode array unit, and convert the collected signal into a digital signal; the signal control unit is used to control the excitation power supply unit to send an excitation power signal to the three-dimensional electrode array unit, triggering the data acquisition unit to collect the boundary voltage or loop current of the conductive medium between the two electrodes 12 in the three-dimensional electrode array unit; and a calculation model is designed in the image reconstruction unit, which receives the digital signal sent by the data acquisition unit and inverts the conductivity distribution image inside the object through the calculation model.

[0094] A method for conducting an electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experiment during a grouting reinforcement process using the above-mentioned electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system includes the following aspects:

[0095] (1) Preparation of transparent soil 16 material and supporting grouting slurry suitable for electrical resistance tomography:

[0096] The preparation of transparent soil 16 includes two parts: granular material and pore fluid. The granular material provides mechanical properties and serves as the main body of soil material, while the pore fluid simulates the real situation of soil and provides electrical conductivity. Commonly used transparent soil granular materials include amorphous silica gel, amorphous silica powder, fused quartz sand and transparent glass sand. Among them, fused quartz sand has good properties and controllable grading. On the basis of better meeting experimental needs, its mechanical properties and other aspects are greatly improved compared with silica materials. Compared with glass sand, its price is very advantageous and the technology is mature. It can be used as the preferred material for the preparation of transparent soil 16 on a laboratory scale. In the selection of pore fluid, mixed pore fluid and single solution pore fluid each have their own advantages, but single solution pore fluid is sufficient to meet the requirements of transparency and simplicity, is inexpensive and easy to store, and exhibits excellent properties during mechanical property testing and dynamic monitoring of perfusion. It is suitable for simulating the structure of transparent soil 16 together with quartz sand. The preparation process of transparent soil 16 suitable for electrical resistance tomography based on laboratory scale is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0097] In terms of the selection of grouting slurry, the hardenable slurry prepared with fine sand, fly ash, bentonite and cement has good physical and mechanical properties and can control the setting time, making it more suitable for laboratory-scale simulation.

[0098] (2) Grouting:

[0099] The grouting system is an important device for engineering grouting reinforcement. The grouting system includes a slurry storage device 4, a slurry conveying device, a lifting device and a grouting nozzle 17; the slurry storage device 4 is used to store slurry; the grouting nozzle 17 is used to inject slurry into the transparent soil system, which is provided with a liquid guide hole, and the lower end is conical; the slurry conveying device includes a slurry pipeline 5 and a slurry pump 6; the slurry pump 6 is used to convey the slurry in the slurry storage device 4 to the slurry pipeline 5, and the slurry pipeline 5 is connected to the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle 17; the lifting device is used to lift the grouting nozzle 17; the grouting system also includes a base 9 A vertical support column, a horizontal turntable 7, and a spirit level 3 are mounted on the base 9. The fixed portion of the horizontal turntable 7 is fixedly connected to the base 9, while the rotating portion of the horizontal turntable 7 is fixedly connected to the vertical support column. A horizontal telescopic rod 2 is connected to the vertical support column. The lifting device includes a rotary lifting rod 1. The fixed end of the horizontal telescopic rod 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical support column. The telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic rod 2 is provided with a threaded hole with its axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The circumference of the rotary lifting rod 1 is provided with threads that mate with the threaded hole. The rotary lifting rod 1 is rotated manually or electrically, and the lower end of the rotary lifting rod 1 is connected to a grouting nozzle 17 or a drill bit. The rotary lifting rod 1 is used to drill holes and inject slurry.

[0100] The base 9 is set to a horizontally adjustable mode, and the level gauge 3 can be used to monitor the parallelism of the horizontal telescopic rod 2 and other devices with the horizontal plane. The slurry pump 6 can be mounted on the base 9, and the slurry pipeline 5, including wires, can be partially placed inside the base 9. The slurry pipeline 5 can be a combination of metal pipeline and hose. The slurry storage device 4 is connected to the slurry pipeline 5 to transport the grouting slurry.

[0101] (3) 3D image acquisition during grouting reinforcement process:

[0102] A camera light source 14 consisting of a laser and a generator is placed outside the transparent box 13 to form an imaging zone within the grouting range. Image information is collected by N cameras, and the collected information is processed into a three-dimensional grouting image by the image acquisition system. According to the relative position of the grouting surface and the imaging surface, the generator is placed horizontally to form a multi-layer laser light source to achieve vertical multi-layer acquisition. The displacement of the N cameras is adjusted to obtain sufficient image information. The working principle of the 3D grouting image acquisition system during the grouting reinforcement process is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0103] (4) Laboratory-scale electrical resistance tomography of grouting reinforcement process:

[0104] The electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 is used to online measure and monitor the conductivity distribution inside the transparent soil system. It includes a three-dimensional electrode array unit arranged in a transparent box 13. It collects the electrical signal between any two electrodes 12 in the three-dimensional electrode array unit, obtains the conductivity of the material in the transparent box 13 between any two electrodes 12, calculates the conductivity distribution map of the material in the transparent box through an inversion reconstruction algorithm, and generates a tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the conductivity distribution map.

[0105] The electrodes 12 are placed in the transparent soil. The acquired electrical signals are analyzed by the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 and inversion imaging is completed. The principle of 3D electrical resistance tomography is as follows:

[0106] Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is a non-invasive, radiation-free detection technology used for real-time online measurement and monitoring of the conductivity distribution within an object. This technology installs an electrode array on the surface of the object, applies an excitation current, and measures the boundary voltage. It then uses an inversion and reconstruction algorithm to calculate the conductivity distribution within the object and ultimately presents it as an image.

[0107] See Figure 3 The comparative analysis system 8 includes an adversarial neural network, which includes a generator and a discriminator. The tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box generated by the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 is used as the input of the generator, and the output of the generator and the three-dimensional grouting image generated by the image acquisition system are used as the input of the discriminator respectively. The tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box and the three-dimensional grouting image are compared and analyzed through the output of the discriminator, and based on the output of the discriminator, it is evaluated whether the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box meets the accuracy requirement. If the accuracy requirement is not met, the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box is optimized by optimizing and adjusting the parameters in the inversion and reconstruction algorithm of the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 until the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box meets the accuracy requirement.

[0108] The following are specific steps of a preferred embodiment of an electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental method for a grouting reinforcement process:

[0109] S1: preparing transparent soil 16 material suitable for electrical resistance tomography and a matching grouting slurry, including the following method steps:

[0110] S1-1: Prepare a square transparent box 13, which is made of acrylic plate or glass plate. The box size is 250mm long × 250mm wide × 100mm high, and is used to hold the prepared transparent soil 16 to ensure non-deformability and visibility.

[0111] S1-2: Prepare transparent fused quartz sand as the main raw material for preparing transparent soil 16. A calcium bromide solution prepared from calcium bromide solid powder and purified water serves as the pore fluid. Mix the calcium bromide solid powder and water in a ratio of 2:1 by weight and stir thoroughly. Then, mix the calcium bromide solution and fused quartz sand in a ratio of 3:8 by weight to prepare transparent soil 16.

[0112] S1-3: Arrange electrodes 12 layer by layer in the transparent box 13 to form a three-dimensional electrode array, fill transparent soil 16 into the transparent box 13 and compact it to form a transparent soil body; mark the positions of grouting holes 15 on the surface of the transparent soil body.

[0113] S1-6: Prepare hardenable grouting slurry. The slurry components include fine sand, fly ash, bentonite, and cement. The proportions must meet the setting time and strength requirements. Place the prepared grouting slurry into the slurry storage device 4, which is connected to the slurry pipeline 5 at the input end of the grouting pump.

[0114] S2: Grouting operation, including the following steps:

[0115] S2-1: Adjust the base of the instrument to achieve a horizontal position.

[0116] Rotate the horizontal telescopic rod 2 to extend and retract it. Install a drill bit at the lower end of the rotary lift rod 1, aligning it with the center of the marked pre-grouting hole 15. Drill the hole by rotating the lift rod 1. After the grouting hole 15 is drilled, raise the rotary lift rod 1, remove the drill bit, connect the grouting nozzle 17, and lower the rotary lift rod 1. Once the grouting nozzle 17 is inserted into the grouting hole 15, connect the slurry pipeline 5 to the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle 17.

[0117] S2-2: Set parameters such as grouting pressure and grouting volume.

[0118] S2-3: Start the slurry pump 6 to allow the slurry in the slurry storage device 4 to enter the transparent soil through the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle 17 to perform grouting operations.

[0119] S2-4: After the grouting is completed, the slurry delivery is cut off and the rotary lifting rod 1 is raised to the initial position.

[0120] S3: Image acquisition during grouting reinforcement, including the following steps:

[0121] S3-1: Connect the N cameras and the imaging light source 14 to a power source.

[0122] S3-2: Adjust the positions of the N cameras and the imaging light source 14 to generate an imaging surface within the transparent soil. Make the imaging surface parallel to the bottom surface of the transparent box 13. Move the positions and camera angles of the N cameras to fully and accurately capture the information on the imaging surface.

[0123] S3-3: Calibrate N cameras to ensure the normal operation of the image acquisition system.

[0124] S3-4: During the grouting reinforcement process, the grouting information fed back on the imaging surface is collected and transmitted.

[0125] S3-5: Run the image acquisition system to transmit the image data obtained by N cameras to the camera data processing system.

[0126] S3-6: The camera data processing system uses PIVview2C software to collect the acquired grouting information and process the images.

[0127] S3-7: Operate PIVview2C software to obtain the displacement cloud map during the grouting reinforcement process.

[0128] S4: The electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10 online measures and monitors the conductivity distribution inside the transparent soil system, including the following method steps:

[0129] S4-1: The data acquisition unit of the ERT monitoring system 10 collects the electrical signals from the electrodes 12 and transmits them via wires to the image reconstruction unit of the ERT monitoring system 10 for processing and output. After processing, the image information on the signal acquisition surface is inverted to generate a tomographic image of the internal structure of the transparent box.

[0130] S4-2: Use a multi-layer electrode 12 arrangement to perform three-dimensional imaging monitoring of the dynamic process of grouting reinforcement. Generate a dynamic tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box.

[0131] S5: Evaluate and monitor the grouting effect, including the following methods and steps:

[0132] S5-1: The comparative analysis system 8 inputs the three-dimensional grouting image from the image acquisition system and the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box from the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system 10; compares and analyzes the two, and optimizes the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the three-dimensional grouting image according to the analysis results.

[0133] The comparative analysis unit performs antagonistic optimization on the images collected by the image acquisition system and the generated tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box, thereby improving the imaging accuracy of the generated tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box during the grouting reinforcement process.

[0134] S5-2: The three-dimensional grouting images generated by the image acquisition system are compared with the optimized tomography of the internal structure of the transparent box to reveal the accuracy and practicality of the electrical resistance tomography method in engineering monitoring and evaluation, and provide reference and reference for the engineering application model of electrical resistance tomography.

[0135] The above-mentioned PIVview2C software, excitation power supply unit, data acquisition unit, signal control unit, image reconstruction unit, adversarial neural network, generator, discriminator, resistance tomography monitoring system 10, slurry storage device 4, slurry conveying device, lifting device, grouting nozzle 17, camera system 11, camera light source 14 and camera data processing system, N-eye camera, three-dimensional electrode array, slurry pipeline 5, slurry pump 6, calculation model, finite element calculation model, finite difference calculation model, etc. can all adopt applicable devices and functional modules in the existing technology, or adopt devices, functional modules and software in the existing technology and be constructed using conventional technical means.

[0136] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. The scope of the patent of the present invention cannot be limited by these embodiments alone. That is, any equivalent changes or modifications made to the spirit disclosed by the present invention still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grouting reinforcement process electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system, characterized in that: Including transparent soil system, grouting system, image acquisition system, electrical resistance tomography monitoring system and comparative analysis system; The transparent soil system includes a transparent box with an upper opening and transparent soil filled in the transparent box; the transparent soil is prepared from transparent soil granular materials and pore fluid; The grouting system includes a slurry storage device, a slurry conveying device, a lifting device, and a grouting nozzle; the slurry storage device is used to store slurry; the grouting nozzle is used to inject slurry into the transparent soil system, and is provided with a liquid guide hole therein, with a tapered lower end; the slurry conveying device includes a slurry pipeline and a slurry pump; the slurry pump is used to convey the slurry in the slurry storage device to the slurry pipeline, which is connected to the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle; the lifting device is used to raise and lower the grouting nozzle; The image acquisition system includes a camera system, a light source for camera, and a camera data processing system. The camera system includes N cameras, where N is greater than or equal to 2. The light source for camera is illuminated on the grouting area of the transparent soil system, and three-dimensional image information of the grouting area is acquired by the N cameras. The data acquired by the N cameras is input into the camera data processing system, which processes the data to generate a three-dimensional grouting image. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring system is used to online measure and monitor the conductivity distribution inside the transparent soil system. It includes a three-dimensional electrode array unit arranged inside the transparent box. The system collects the electrical signal between any two electrodes in the three-dimensional electrode array unit, calculates the conductivity distribution map of the material inside the transparent box through an inversion and reconstruction algorithm, and generates a tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the conductivity distribution map. The comparative analysis system inputs the three-dimensional grouting image from the image acquisition system and the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box from the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system; compares and analyzes the two, and optimizes the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the three-dimensional grouting image according to the analysis results.

2. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for grouting reinforcement process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The comparative analysis system includes an adversarial neural network, which includes a generator and a discriminator. The tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box generated by the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system is used as the input of the generator, and the output of the generator and the three-dimensional grouting image generated by the image acquisition system are used as the input of the discriminator respectively. The tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box and the three-dimensional grouting image are compared and analyzed through the output of the discriminator, and based on the output of the discriminator, it is evaluated whether the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box meets the accuracy requirements. If the accuracy requirements are not met, the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box is optimized by optimizing and adjusting the parameters in the inversion and reconstruction algorithm of the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system until the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box meets the accuracy requirements.

3. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for grouting reinforcement process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrical resistance tomography monitoring system also includes an excitation power supply unit, a data acquisition unit, a signal control unit, and an image reconstruction unit; The excitation power supply unit is used to apply current or voltage to the circuit formed between the two electrodes; The data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the electrode array unit, and is used to acquire a voltage or current signal corresponding to the circuit between the two electrodes when the two electrode ends of the three-dimensional electrode array unit are excited by a power supply, and convert the acquired signal into a digital signal; The signal control unit is used to control the excitation power supply unit to send an excitation power supply signal to the three-dimensional electrode array unit, triggering the data acquisition unit to collect the boundary voltage or loop current of the conductive medium between two electrodes in the three-dimensional electrode array unit; A calculation model is designed in the image reconstruction unit, which receives the digital signal sent by the data acquisition unit and inverts the conductivity distribution image inside the object through the calculation model.

4. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for grouting reinforcement process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The signal control unit includes a channel switching module; the excitation power supply unit is provided with a channel group A electrically connected one-to-one with each electrode of the three-dimensional electrode array unit; the data acquisition unit is provided with a channel group B electrically connected one-to-one with each electrode of the three-dimensional electrode array unit; the channel switching module is used to control the on and off of the channels in channel group A and channel group B.

5. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for grouting reinforcement process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The calculation model includes a finite element calculation model or a finite difference calculation model.

6. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for grouting reinforcement process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The light source for video recording includes: a multi-layer laser light source, or a single-layer laser light source and a light source lifting device; the output light direction of the multi-layer laser light source and the single-layer laser light source is horizontal; the multi-layer laser light source is arranged layer by layer corresponding to the horizontal layout layer of the three-dimensional electrode array, and each layer of laser light source is aligned with the horizontal layout layer of the corresponding three-dimensional electrode array; the single-layer laser light source is raised and lowered by the light source lifting device to align with the horizontal layout layer of the three-dimensional electrode array.

7. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for grouting reinforcement process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: During the grouting reinforcement process, the image acquisition system uses PIVview2C software to collect and process the signals collected by the multi-camera to obtain the slurry displacement cloud map during the grouting reinforcement process.

8. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for grouting reinforcement process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grouting system also includes a base, on which a vertical support column and a horizontal turntable are provided. The fixed part of the horizontal turntable is fixedly connected to the base, the rotating part of the horizontal turntable is fixedly connected to the vertical support column, and the vertical support column is connected to a horizontal telescopic rod. The lifting device includes a rotating lifting rod; the fixed end of the horizontal telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical support column; the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic rod is provided with a threaded hole with an axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the circumferential surface of the rotating lifting rod is provided with a thread matching the threaded hole; the rotating lifting rod is manually or electrically driven to rotate, and the lower end of the rotating lifting rod is connected to the grouting nozzle or drill bit.

9. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system for grouting reinforcement process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transparent soil is prepared from quartz sand and calcium bromide solution. The mass ratio of the calcium bromide solution to the quartz sand is 2.5-3:8, the concentration of the calcium bromide solution is 60-70%, and the particle size range of the transparent soil particles is 0.5-0.25 mm.

10. A method for conducting electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experiments during grouting reinforcement using the electrical resistance tomography monitoring and image inversion experimental system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Prepare transparent soil; prepare grouting slurry and place it in a slurry storage device; A square transparent box is prepared, electrodes are arranged layer by layer in the transparent box to form a three-dimensional electrode array, transparent soil is filled into the transparent box and compacted and leveled into a transparent soil body; grouting holes are opened in the transparent soil body; Adjust the positions of the N-camera and the light source used for imaging, and calibrate the N-camera; The lifting device is driven to lower the grouting nozzle so that the tapered lower end of the grouting nozzle is inserted into the grouting hole, and the slurry pump is started so that the slurry in the slurry storage device enters the transparent soil body through the liquid guide hole of the grouting nozzle; Before, during, and after grouting and during the grouting reinforcement process, the image acquisition system and the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system synchronously collect signals. The image acquisition system processes the collected data to generate a three-dimensional grouting image. The electrical resistance tomography monitoring system calculates the conductivity distribution map of the material inside the transparent box based on the collected signals and generates a tomography map of the internal structure of the transparent box from the conductivity distribution map. The comparative analysis system inputs the three-dimensional grouting image from the image acquisition system and the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box from the electrical resistance tomography monitoring system; compares and analyzes the two, and optimizes the tomogram of the internal structure of the transparent box based on the three-dimensional grouting image according to the analysis results.

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