Factory-like breeding facility and method for crayfish fry

Abstract

The invention discloses a factory-like breeding facility and method for crayfish fry, and belongs to the technical field of crayfish breeding. The facility comprises a breeding bed frame and a spray seedling cultivation pond, a plurality of breeding cylinders which operate independently are placed on the breeding bed frame, meshes are arranged in the breeding cylinders in the horizontal direction, the breeding cylinders are divided into upper and lower independent spaces including an incubation area and an egg collection area by the meshes, a plurality of groups of shrimp nests placed on the meshes are arranged in the incubation area, and a plurality of shrimp nest units are arranged in each group of shrimp nests; a seedling outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the breeding cylinder; the method comprises the following steps: selecting and putting egg-carrying parent shrimps, artificially incubating fry, managing and controlling the incubation process, and collecting the fry. Through precise regulation and control of multiple parameters such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and the like, parent health management and automatic spray fry collection system integration, optimization of a crayfish industrialized breeding technology is achieved, the survival rate of the parent, the synchronous incubation rate and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs are improved, the specification and quality of spray fry are guaranteed, and therefore the yield and quality of crayfish industrialized breeding are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crayfish breeding, and in particular to a facility and method for factory breeding of crayfish water flower seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Crayfish (scientific name: Procambarus clarkii) is a crustacean aquatic product with the largest farming area and the highest output in my country. Its industrial development is facing the key constraint of shortage of high-quality seedlings.

[0003] Under existing artificial breeding techniques, high-quality broodstock are scarce, mating and spawning behavior are significantly out of sync, leading to severe cannibalism and maternal fertilization rates of less than 70%. Fertilized female shrimp carry an average of only about 200 eggs. Furthermore, brooding shrimp are susceptible to environmental stresses during incubation, such as temperature (egg development stagnates when water temperatures fall below 10°C) and water quality. The survival rate of successfully hatched juveniles is less than 40%. The paddy seedling rearing cycle lasts 90-120 days, and during this period, juvenile shrimp exhibit significant size differentiation, resulting in high losses due to fighting and cannibalism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a facility and method for factory-based breeding of crayfish water flower seedlings. Through precise control of multiple parameters such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and parent health management and automated water flower seedling collection system integration, the factory-based crayfish seedling breeding technology is optimized, the maternal survival rate, synchronous incubation rate and fertilized egg hatching rate are improved, the specifications and quality of water flower seedlings are guaranteed, and the double increase in the yield and quality of crayfish factory-based seedling breeding is achieved.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention designs a factory-scale breeding facility for crayfish water flower seedlings, comprising a breeding bed frame and a water flower seedling cultivation pool, wherein a plurality of independently operated breeding tanks are placed on the breeding bed frame, a mesh is arranged horizontally in the breeding tank, and the mesh divides the breeding tank into two independent spaces, an incubation area and an egg collection area, the incubation area is provided with a plurality of groups of shrimp nests placed on the mesh, and each group of shrimp nests is provided with a plurality of shrimp nest units; a seedling emergence tube is provided at the bottom of the breeding tank; a seedling emergence tube stop valve is provided at the inlet end of the seedling emergence tube, and a seedling collection tube is provided on the outer wall of the water flower seedling cultivation pool, and each of the seedling emergence tubes is connected to the seedling collection tube.

[0006] Preferably, the shrimp nest comprises a shrimp nest frame, within which multiple, evenly spaced, removable partitions are arranged to divide the nest frame into multiple independent shrimp nest units. This design provides independent incubation spaces for brooding shrimp, preventing mutual interference and cannibalism among brooding shrimp, thereby improving the survival rate of brooding shrimp and the hatching rate of shrimp fry. It also facilitates the management and observation of the development of each brooding shrimp and their fry. When there are insufficient brooding shrimp, the removable partitions can be removed from adjacent parent shrimp to allow two male and female parent shrimp to be placed. This side-by-side shrimp nest not only provides a place for the brooding shrimp to incubate, but also provides a suitable area for the parent shrimp to mate.

[0007] Preferably, the shrimp nest is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), with each unit measuring 10 cm in length, 5 cm in width, and 5 cm in height. PVC nests offer excellent corrosion resistance and a long service life, are adaptable to the water environment within the breeding tank, and are easy to clean and disinfect. Each unit is rationally sized to accommodate the activity needs of brooding shrimp while limiting excessive activity and reducing energy consumption, allowing the shrimp's own energy to be utilized to the maximum extent possible during the incubation process, thereby improving incubation effectiveness.

[0008] Preferably, an oxygenation device is provided in the bottom center area of the spawning area. The oxygenation device can provide sufficient dissolved oxygen for the water splash seedlings in the spawning area, meet the needs of shrimp seedling growth and development, and improve the survival rate of shrimp seedlings. At the same time, the water splashes formed during the oxygenation process can promote the activity and distribution uniformity of shrimp seedlings, which is beneficial to the healthy growth of shrimp seedlings; the spawning area is provided with temperature and dissolved oxygen sensors. By setting up temperature and dissolved oxygen sensors, key parameters such as water temperature and dissolved oxygen content in the spawning area can be monitored in real time to ensure that they are maintained within a range suitable for shrimp seedling growth, facilitate timely adjustment and control of the breeding environment, improve the stability and controllability of the breeding process, and provide strong guarantees for the healthy growth of shrimp seedlings.

[0009] Preferably, a water inlet pipe is provided at the top area of the outer wall of the breeding tank, and a throttle valve is provided on the water inlet pipe. The arrangement of the water inlet pipe and the throttle valve can conveniently control the water flow speed and flow rate entering the breeding tank, and facilitate the adjustment of the water flow during operations such as shrimp fry collection, so as to achieve the separation of mother and juvenile shrimp and the smooth transfer of shrimp fry. Preferably, the seedling collection pipe is provided with a seedling collection pipe stop valve, which is convenient for timely opening or closing when shrimp seedlings need to be collected, ensuring that the shrimp seedlings can be accurately and efficiently collected into the water flower seedling cultivation pond, avoiding the loss of shrimp seedlings or losses caused by misoperation, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of shrimp seedling collection.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for factory-based breeding of crayfish water flower seedlings. The method is implemented based on the factory-based breeding facility for crayfish water flower seedlings, and the method comprises the following steps: Step S1: Select healthy brooding shrimp, disinfect them with disinfectant, and then place them in a breeding tank for incubation, with one screened brooding shrimp placed in each shrimp nest unit; Step S2: After placing the brooding shrimp in the breeding facility, the incubation tank is covered with a sunshade during the day to reduce the movement of the brooding shrimp; oxygen is added and the water is changed regularly during the incubation process; and the water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and water flow rate of the incubation tank are strictly controlled; Step S3: After the water flower seedlings are separated from the mother body, open the throttle valve and the stop valve, adjust the flow rate of the throttle valve, and close the throttle valve and the stop valve after all the water flower seedlings in the egg collection area are flushed into the water flower seedling cultivation pool.

[0011] Preferably, in step S1, the healthy brooding shrimp is a brooding shrimp weighing more than 30 g, with plump meat, good vitality, and fertilized eggs in the gastrula and organogenesis stage; and the disinfectant is a potassium permanganate solution with a concentration of 10 mg / L.

[0012] Preferably, in step S2, the water temperature of the incubation tank is maintained at 22° C., the pH value is 7.5-8.5, and the dissolved oxygen is 5-8 mg / L; the dead parent shrimp are scooped out with a hand net, and the dead and moldy eggs are removed with tweezers, and the incubation tank is observed and cleaned once a day.

[0013] Preferably, in step S3, when water flower seedlings are attached to the parent shrimps, the throttle valve is opened again. After the water level submerges the parent shrimps in the incubation area, the stop valve is opened to flush the remaining water flower seedlings attached to the parent shrimps into the water flower seedling cultivation pond, and then the throttle valve and the stop valve are closed.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention collects brooding shrimps from rice fields or ponds, places them in breeding tanks of breeding facilities for incubation management, and strictly controls water temperature, dissolved oxygen and other indicators in the breeding tanks, thereby improving the survival rate of parent shrimps, the hatching rate of fertilized eggs and the synchronous hatching rate, and can continuously supply water flower seedlings according to the time of obtaining brooding shrimps.

[0015] 2. The present invention has designed a three-dimensional multi-layer parallel breeding tank, which uses a mesh to divide the tank into two layers: the incubation area and the egg collection area. The shrimp seedlings enter the lower space under the action of micro-flow water and gravity, and are automatically collected into the shrimp seedling cultivation pool through the transmission duct. While reducing the manual operation cost, it also reduces the physical damage to the shrimp seedlings and further improves the survival rate.

[0016] 3. The synchronous incubation of brooding shrimp in the present invention ensures the uniformity of seedling specifications and avoids intraspecific fighting caused by differences in shrimp seedling specifications; at the same time, the operation of separating mother and fry prevents the parent shrimp from cannibalizing the fry, which is beneficial to improving the survival rate and yield of the fry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1A perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of the breeding tank of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the breeding tank of the present invention; Figure 4 Flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0018] Description of reference numerals: 1 breeding bed frame, 2 water flower seedling cultivation pools, 21 seedling collection tubes, 211 seedling collection tube stop valves, 3 breeding tank, 31 mesh, 32 hatching area, 33 egg collection area, 331 oxygenation device, 332 temperature and dissolved oxygen sensor, 34 shrimp nest, 341 shrimp nest unit, 342 shrimp nest frame, 343 removable partition, 35 seedling tube, 351 seedling tube stop valve, 4 water inlet pipe, 41 throttle valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by this application more clearly understood, this application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0020] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0021] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0023] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1 like Figures 1-3 The factory-scale breeding facility for crayfish fry shown includes a breeding bed frame 1 and a fry cultivation pool 2. A plurality of independently operated breeding tanks 3 are placed on the breeding bed frame 1. A mesh 31 is arranged horizontally inside the breeding tank 3. The mesh 31 divides the breeding tank 3 into two independent spaces, an incubation area 32 and an egg collection area 33. The incubation area 32 is provided with a plurality of groups of shrimp nests 34 placed on the mesh 31, and each group of shrimp nests 34 is provided with a plurality of shrimp nest units 341. A seedling emergence pipe 35 is provided at the bottom of the breeding tank 3. A seedling emergence pipe stop valve 351 is provided at the inlet end of the seedling emergence pipe 35. A seedling collection pipe 21 is provided on the outer wall of the fry cultivation pool 2, and a seedling collection pipe stop valve 211 is provided on the seedling collection pipe 21. Each seedling emergence pipe 35 is connected to the seedling collection pipe 21. A water inlet pipe 4 is provided at the top area of the outer wall of the breeding tank 3, and a throttle valve 41 is provided on the water inlet pipe 4.

[0026] The shrimp nest 34 includes a shrimp nest frame 342 , in which a plurality of detachable partitions 343 are evenly spaced to divide the shrimp nest frame 342 into ten independent shrimp nest units 341 .

[0027] The shrimp nest 34 is made of polyvinyl chloride, and each shrimp nest unit 341 is 10 cm long, 5 cm wide, and 5 cm high.

[0028] An oxygenating device 331 is provided in the bottom center area of the egg collecting area 33 .

[0029] Temperature and dissolved oxygen sensors 332 are provided in the egg collection area 33 .

[0030] Example 2 like Figure 4 The factory-based breeding method for crayfish water flower seedlings shown is implemented based on the factory-based breeding facilities for crayfish water flower seedlings and includes the following steps: Step S1: Selection and placement of brooding shrimp: Healthy brooding shrimp weighing over 30g, with plump flesh, good vitality, and fertilized eggs in the gastrula and organogenesis stages, are selected from rice paddies or ponds. After disinfection, they are placed in a breeding tank 3 for incubation, with one selected brooding shrimp placed in each shrimp nest unit 341. The brooding shrimp are sourced from rice paddies that have been flooded for 1-2 days. Once the flooding submerges the shrimp holes, the brooding shrimp crawl out and are harvested using a swinging cage. The harvested brooding shrimp are disinfected by soaking them in a 10mg / L potassium permanganate solution for 10 minutes.

[0031] Step S2: Artificial incubation of water shrimp and control of the hatching process: After placing all brooding shrimp in the breeding facility, cover the incubation tank with a sunshade during the day to reduce movement of the brooding shrimp; regularly add oxygen and change the water during the incubation process; strictly control the water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, water flow rate, and other indicators of the incubation tank. The water temperature in the incubation tank is maintained at 22°C, the pH value is 7.5-8.5, and the dissolved oxygen is 5-8 mg / L; dead parent shrimp are scooped out with a hand net, and dead and moldy eggs are removed with tweezers. The incubation tank is observed and cleaned once a day.

[0032] Step S3, collecting water fry: After the water fry are separated from the mother shrimp, the throttle valve 41 and the stop valve 211 are opened, and the flow rate of the throttle valve 41 is adjusted until all the water fry in the egg collection area 33 are flushed into the water fry cultivation tank 2, and then the throttle valve 41 is closed. When water fry are attached to the parent shrimp, the throttle valve 41 is opened again. After the water level exceeds the parent shrimp in the incubation area 32, the stop valve 211 is opened to flush the remaining water fry attached to the parent shrimp into the water fry cultivation tank 2, and then the throttle valve 41 and the stop valve 211 are closed.

[0033] Comparative Example The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the breeding tank 3 does not have the mesh 31 , the shrimp nest 34 , the temperature and dissolved oxygen sensor 332 and the seedling emergence tube 35 .

[0034] Place 20 crayfish with eggs directly in a breeding tank 3 of the same size without restricting the range of movement of the crayfish with eggs; after the crayfish seedlings are separated from the mother, take out the parent shrimps, and then take out the entire breeding tank 3 from the breeding bed 1, and pour the crayfish seedlings from the breeding tank 3 into the crayfish seedling cultivation pool 2.

[0035] In the control group, because the activity range of parent shrimps carrying eggs was not restricted, there was a risk of fighting within the population, and the survival rate of parent shrimps was only 64%. Moreover, because the separation of water flower seedlings and parent shrimps was not timely, the water flower seedling production of a single mother was only 141.82±117.83.

[0036] By adopting the method in the embodiment, the maternal survival rate is above 90%, the hatching rate of maternal fertilized eggs is above 90%, the synchronous hatching rate is above 85%, and the time required for achieving synchronous spawning is short; the hatching time of the spawning shrimps is consistent, the specifications of the spawning shrimps are relatively uniform, the survival rate is high, and the yield of the spawning shrimps of a single mother is 350.52±172.89; the operation of the embodiment reduces labor costs while improving the efficiency of collecting spawning shrimps, has high economic value, and is suitable for actual production promotion.

[0037] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A factory-scale breeding facility for crayfish seedlings, characterized by: The invention comprises a breeding bed frame (1) and a water flower seedling cultivation pool (2), wherein a plurality of independently operated breeding tanks (3) are placed on the breeding bed frame (1), a mesh (31) is arranged in the horizontal direction in the breeding tank (3), and the mesh (31) divides the breeding tank (3) into two independent spaces, an incubation area (32) and an egg collection area (33), and a plurality of groups of shrimp nests (34) placed on the mesh (31) are arranged in the incubation area (32), and each group of shrimp nests (34) is provided with a plurality of shrimp nest units (341); a seedling emergence tube (35) is provided at the bottom of the breeding tank (3); and a seedling collection tube (21) is provided on the outer wall of the water flower seedling cultivation pool (2), and each seedling emergence tube (35) is connected to the seedling collection tube (21).

2. The factory-scale breeding facility for crayfish seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shrimp nest (34) comprises a shrimp nest frame (342), wherein a plurality of detachable partitions (343) are evenly spaced within the shrimp nest frame (342) to divide the shrimp nest frame (342) into a plurality of independent shrimp nest units (341).

3. The factory-scale breeding facility for crayfish seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shrimp nest (34) is made of polyvinyl chloride, and each shrimp nest unit (341) is 10 cm long, 5 cm wide, and 5 cm high.

4. The factory-scale breeding facility for crayfish seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oxygenation device (331) is provided in the bottom center area of the egg collection area (33); and a temperature and dissolved oxygen sensor (332) is provided in the egg collection area (33).

5. The factory-scale breeding facility for crayfish seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A water inlet pipe (4) is provided in the top area of the outer wall of the breeding tank (3), and a throttle valve (41) is provided on the water inlet pipe (4); and a seedling emergence pipe stop valve (351) is provided at the inlet end of the seedling emergence pipe (35).

6. The factory-scale breeding facility for crayfish seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling collecting pipe (21) is provided with a seedling collecting pipe stop valve (211).

7. A method for factory-based breeding of crayfish water flower seedlings, the method being implemented based on the factory-based breeding facility for crayfish water flower seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The breeding method comprises the following steps: Step S1, selecting healthy brooding shrimp, disinfecting them with disinfectant, and then placing them in a breeding tank (3) for hatching, and placing one selected brooding shrimp into each shrimp nest unit (341); Step S2: After placing the brooding shrimp in the breeding facility, the incubation tank is covered with a sunshade during the day to reduce the movement of the brooding shrimp; oxygen is added and the water is changed regularly during the incubation process; and the water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and water flow rate of the incubation tank are strictly controlled; Step S3: After the water flower seedlings are separated from the mother body, the throttle valve (41) and the stop valve (211) are opened, and the flow rate of the throttle valve (41) is adjusted until all the water flower seedlings in the egg collection area (33) are flushed into the water flower seedling cultivation pool (2), and then the throttle valve (41) and the stop valve (211) are closed.

8. The method for factory breeding of crayfish seedlings according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the healthy brooding shrimp is a brooding shrimp weighing more than 30 g, with plump meat, good vitality, and fertilized eggs in the gastrula and organogenesis stage; and the disinfectant is a potassium permanganate solution with a concentration of 10 mg / L.

9. The method for factory breeding of crayfish seedlings according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, the water temperature of the incubation tank is maintained at 22° C., the pH value is 7.5-8.5, and the dissolved oxygen is 5-8 mg / L; the dead parent shrimp are scooped out with a hand net, and the dead and moldy eggs are removed with tweezers. The incubation tank is observed and cleaned once a day.

10. The method for factory breeding of crayfish seedlings according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, when the water flower seedlings are attached to the parent shrimp, the throttle valve (41) is opened again, and after the water level is above the parent shrimp in the incubation area (32), the stop valve (211) is opened to flush the remaining water flower seedlings attached to the parent shrimp into the water flower seedling cultivation pool (2), and then the throttle valve (41) and the stop valve (211) are closed.

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