Self-adaptive regulation and control heat pipe phase change TLambert wall and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a self-adaptive regulation and control heat pipe phase change TLambert wall and a control method thereof. Wherein the phase-change TLambert wall is provided with an enclosure component, and a plurality of gravity assisted heat pipes are inserted into the enclosure component. And the rotary supporting devices are arranged at the top and the bottom of the enclosure component, and the inclination angle of the enclosure component is adjusted through the rotary supporting devices, so that the working medium backflow efficiency of the gravity assisted heat pipe is changed. By means of the method, solar radiation heat can be efficiently absorbed in the daytime and rapidly transmitted to the phase change heat storage layer through the heat pipe, heat energy storage is achieved, and indoor rapid temperature rise is achieved. The data acquisition unit, the DRL control unit and the execution unit are arranged in the self-adaptive regulation heat pipe phase-change TLambert wall and cooperate with one another, fine regulation of the heat flow management capacity of the low-energy-consumption heat pipe phase-change TLambert wall is achieved, and therefore it is ensured that the system can accurately meet the actual requirements of a building all the time; and the overall energy efficiency and the indoor thermal comfort are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of building energy conservation and building intelligent control, and in particular to an adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombe wall and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With increasing demands for building comfort, energy conservation, and environmental protection, passive energy-saving technologies are becoming a key approach to achieving low-carbon development in the construction sector. Trombe walls, a typical passive heating system, employ a light-transmitting layer and a heat-absorbing structure on the building's exterior to allow solar heat to enter the wall and be stored or transferred indoors, achieving certain energy savings in winter or when heating is needed. However, traditional Trombe walls still have several limitations.

[0003] On the one hand, traditional Trombe walls are usually fixed structures, and the heat transfer process mainly depends on the material properties of the wall and the natural convection process, which makes it difficult to flexibly adjust at different times or under different indoor demand scenarios. Once the indoor temperature reaches a comfortable range or when no one is using the room, the Trombe wall may continue to transfer heat into the room, causing overheating or waste. Moreover, when traditional high heat capacity materials are used as heat-absorbing walls, the thermal inertia of the Trombe wall is large, and the heating and cooling processes are relatively slow, making it difficult to respond quickly according to actual indoor needs. For structures that use phase change materials (PCM) as energy storage media, although the heat storage capacity can be improved, the heat transfer efficiency is still not ideal due to the generally low thermal conductivity of phase change materials.

[0004] On the other hand, heat demand in buildings like residences and offices often exhibits significant intermittent characteristics, with indoor heat demand increasing significantly during certain periods and decreasing significantly during other periods. Traditional Trombe walls, lacking intelligent, real-time adjustment capabilities, struggle to efficiently respond to these cyclical demand fluctuations. Buildings typically rely on fixed strategies or simple temperature control methods to perceive and respond to external climate conditions and indoor demand, and adaptive control technologies, which could enable more refined and efficient thermal management, have not yet been widely adopted. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to overcome at least one drawback of the prior art and provide a Trombe wall for adaptively controlling heat pipe phase change.

[0006] A further object of the present invention is to achieve rapid heating and cooling of the room through the cooperation of multiple gravity heat pipes and the rotating support device.

[0007] Another further object of the present invention is to achieve more refined and efficient thermal management by applying adaptive control technology to the Trombet wall through a data acquisition unit, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) control unit, and an execution unit.

[0008] In particular, the present invention provides an adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombe wall, comprising: a containment member, disposed on a side of the phase change Trombe wall close to the interior of the room and configured to rotate within a preset inclination angle range; a plurality of gravity heat pipes, each of which extends upward from an end along the exterior of the containment member and then bends and extends into the containment member, thereby forming an evaporation section outside the containment member and a condensation section extending into the containment member; a rotating support device, disposed at the top and bottom of the containment member and configured to adjust the inclination angle of the containment member according to the indoor and outdoor temperatures, thereby changing the working medium reflux efficiency of the gravity heat pipe.

[0009] Optionally, multiple gravity heat pipes are arranged in an array; and the condensing section of each gravity heat pipe is configured to extend upwardly in an inclined direction from the outside to the inside when the enclosure structure is in a vertical state; the inclination angle range of the enclosure structure is configured to be inclined at -15° to 15° relative to the vertical direction.

[0010] Optionally, the enclosure component includes: a polyurethane insulation outer layer, which serves as the outermost layer of the enclosure component; a concrete middle layer, which is arranged on the inner side of the polyurethane insulation outer layer; a phase change thermal storage inner layer, which is arranged on the inner side of the concrete middle layer, and the thermal storage material of the phase change thermal storage inner layer is composed of a mixture of paraffin, undecanol and dodecanol, and the phase change temperature of the thermal storage material is in the range of 16°C to 20°C; and the adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall also includes: a transparent window, which is arranged at intervals on the outside of the polyurethane insulation outer layer for transmitting solar radiation.

[0011] Optionally, the rotating support device includes: a slide rail, which is divided into two groups, top and bottom, and is respectively fixed on the top and bottom walls of the enclosure structure; a sliding module, which is divided into two groups, top and bottom, and is respectively arranged on the slide rail for connecting the enclosure structure; a drive motor, connected to the sliding module, for driving the sliding module and the slide rail to move relative to each other.

[0012] Optionally, the rotating support device further includes: a silicone sealing strip, arranged between the sliding module and the enclosure member, for covering a connection gap between the sliding module and the enclosure member; and the thermal conductivity of the silicone sealing strip is less than or equal to 0.35 W / (m·K).

[0013] Optionally, the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombe wall further includes: a data acquisition unit for collecting environmental data in the environment in which the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombe wall is located; a DRL control unit for sending a tilt adjustment command to the rotating support device; and an execution unit for receiving the tilt adjustment command issued by the DRL control unit and driving the drive motor according to the tilt adjustment command.

[0014] Optionally, according to another aspect of the present invention, a control method for an adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombert wall is also provided, which is used to control any of the above-mentioned adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombert walls, the method comprising: acquiring environmental data and constructing a state vector corresponding to the environmental data; fusing the state vector with a historical data sequence to form an extended state vector for prediction and decision-making; predicting indoor and outdoor environmental change trends and indoor heat demand trends based on the extended state vector; determining an executable action space based on indoor and outdoor environmental change trends, indoor heat demand trends, and the working status of the enclosure components in the current control cycle; outputting the adjustment action of the enclosure components for the next control cycle through the DRL control unit; and executing the adjustment action to adjust the inclination angle of the enclosure components.

[0015] Optionally, after the step of determining the executable action space, the method further includes: calculating a reward function according to the state change of the enclosure component and the environmental data in the new cycle; and optimizing and adjusting the strategy according to the reward function.

[0016] Optionally, the optimization objectives of the reward function include dynamic phase change utilization, heat storage delay penalty, and enclosure comfort factor. The dynamic phase change utilization is configured as follows: when the DRL control unit determines that there is a heating demand in the future cycle, the control mode of the subsequent multiple consecutive short-term control cycles and the heat release of the phase change heat storage inner layer are evaluated in a feedforward manner to guide the tilt angle adjustment; the calculation formula of the dynamic phase change utilization is:

[0017] Among them, E PCM is the dynamic phase change utilization rate, μ is the immediate delay performance weight ratio, Q actual is the actual heat storage in the current control cycle, Q max is the theoretical upper limit of heat storage, γ is the time discount factor, and N is the number of subsequent consecutive short-term control cycles; the calculation formula for heat storage delay penalty is: Among them, P delay Delay penalty for heat storage, is the penalty coefficient, T pred To predict the temperature, T upper is the upper limit of the target indoor temperature range, T lower is the lower limit of the target indoor temperature range; the calculation formula of the envelope comfort factor is: Among them, C comis the comfort factor of the enclosure structure, ΔT in It is the difference between the maximum and minimum indoor temperature during this control cycle.

[0018] Optionally, the steps of outputting the adjustment action of the enclosure component for the next control cycle through the DRL control unit include: obtaining an initial control strategy based on historical meteorological data, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and the thermal characteristics of the phase change thermal storage inner layer; using real-time sensor data to update the neural network to achieve adaptive adjustment of the strategy when the external climate and usage conditions change; calculating the heat transfer amount of the gravity heat pipe and the heat storage rate and heat release rate of the phase change thermal storage inner layer; calibrating the heat transfer sub-model in the DRL control unit to adjust the simulation accuracy of the dynamic heat storage of the enclosure structure.

[0019] The adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall provided by the present invention is provided with an enclosure member, and a plurality of gravity heat pipes are inserted inside the enclosure member. The rotating support device adjusts the inclination angle of the enclosure member to change the working medium reflux efficiency of the gravity heat pipe. The rotating support device adjusts the inclination angle of the enclosure member so that the solar radiation heat can be efficiently absorbed during the day and quickly transferred to the phase change heat storage layer through the heat pipe, thereby realizing heat energy storage and rapid indoor temperature increase. At the same time, in the case where no additional heat energy input is required, the dynamic change of the heat pipe reflux efficiency is utilized to adjust the working mode of the Trombe wall to the insulation mode, and the heat pipe is used as an additional thermal resistance to effectively suppress the influence of the indoor and outdoor temperature difference on the building heat load, thereby improving the stability of the indoor temperature and reducing the energy waste caused by the large thermal inertia of the traditional enclosure structure.

[0020] Furthermore, a data acquisition unit, a DRL control unit, and an execution unit are integrated within the adaptive heat pipe phase-change Trombe wall, enabling precise control of the heat flow management capabilities of the low-energy heat pipe phase-change Trombe wall. After each control cycle, rewards are calculated based on indoor temperature deviation, phase-change material heat utilization, and heat fluctuations. The DRL model is then fine-tuned online to achieve continuous strategy optimization, ensuring that the system accurately matches the building's actual needs, improving overall energy efficiency and indoor thermal comfort.

[0021] Based on the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will become more aware of the above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Hereinafter, some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in an exemplary and non-limiting manner with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings indicate the same or similar components or parts. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase-change Trombert wall of a heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a protective component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 2. Schematic diagram of the tilt state of the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombert wall according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an inclination state of a heat pipe phase change Trombert wall that is adaptively controlled according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary support device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 1 is a flow chart of a method for adaptively controlling a heat pipe phase change Trombert wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 is a flowchart of an optimization and adjustment strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a process for adjusting the simulation accuracy of dynamic heat storage of an enclosure structure according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 4 is a flow chart of a continuous optimization and adjustment strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention provides a self-adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombert wall. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a phase-change Trombe wall of an adaptively controlled heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2: is a structural schematic diagram of an enclosure member 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall of this embodiment can generally include an enclosure member 100, a plurality of gravity heat pipes 110, and a rotating support device 200. The enclosure member 100 is arranged on the side of the phase change Trombe wall close to the room, and is configured to be rotatable within a preset tilt angle range. Each of the plurality of gravity heat pipes 110 extends upward from the end along the outer side of the enclosure member 100 and then bends and extends into the enclosure member 100, thereby forming an evaporation section 111 on the outer side of the enclosure member 100 and a condensation section 112 extending into the enclosure member 100. The rotating support device 200 is arranged at the top and bottom of the enclosure member 100 and is configured to adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure member 100 according to the indoor and outdoor temperatures, thereby changing the working medium reflux efficiency of the gravity heat pipe 110.

[0033] The enclosure member 100 can rotate within a preset tilt angle range and can be adjusted to the optimal position according to the angle of sunlight in different seasons and at different times, so that the evaporation section 111 of the gravity heat pipe 110 can absorb solar energy to the maximum extent, improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy, and effectively increase the indoor temperature. Among them, the gravity heat pipe 110 extends upward from the end along the outside of the enclosure member 100 and then bends and extends into the enclosure member 100, forming an evaporation section 111 and a condensation section 112. This structural design can make full use of the efficient heat transfer characteristics of the heat pipe, quickly transfer the absorbed solar energy to the enclosure member 100, and heat the indoor air. Compared with the traditional Trombe wall, the heat transfer speed is faster and the efficiency is higher. During the operation of the adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall, the rotating support device 200 can adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure member 100 according to the indoor and outdoor temperatures. When the indoor temperature is low, the enclosure structure 100 can be adjusted to allow the heat pipe evaporation section 111 to better receive solar energy, improve the working fluid return efficiency, and enhance the heating effect; when the indoor temperature is too high, the angle can be adjusted to reduce solar energy absorption, avoid indoor overheating, achieve adaptive control of indoor temperature, and improve indoor thermal comfort.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, multiple gravity heat pipes 110 are arranged in an array. The condensing section 112 of each gravity heat pipe 110 is configured to extend upwardly and obliquely from the outside to the inside when the enclosure 100 is in a vertical position. When the working fluid in the evaporation section 111 fully absorbs heat and vaporizes, it flows from the outside to the inside, along an upward oblique path, to the condensing section 112. In the condensing section 112, the working fluid releases heat, completing the heat transfer. Because the condensing section 112 is tilted at a specific angle to the horizontal, the working fluid, after releasing heat and condensing, naturally flows back to the evaporation section 111. Through this repetitive process of shape change, the working fluid can efficiently and quickly adjust the indoor temperature, thereby creating a more comfortable and pleasant indoor environment. Furthermore, the angle between the evaporation section 111 and the condensing section 112 is optimally between 100° and 110°, preferably 105°.

[0035] Each gravity heat pipe 110 may also be provided with microfins at the condensing section 112. These microfins can increase the contact area between the condensing section 112 and the enclosure 100, thereby enhancing the heat transfer efficiency of the condensing section 112. For example, the fin height can be 1 mm, with a spacing of 2 mm. Those skilled in the art can configure the specific structure and dimensions of the microfins based on the desired condensing efficiency of the gravity heat pipe 110. The above-mentioned specific dimensions are for illustrative purposes only.

[0036] The enclosure member 100 may be configured at different tilt angles to achieve different heat conduction efficiencies of the gravity heat pipe 110 . Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the tilt state of the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombert wall according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This figure is a schematic diagram of the tilt state of an adaptive heat pipe phase-change Trombe wall according to another embodiment of the present invention. The enclosure member 100 is configured to tilt at an angle ranging from -15° to 15° relative to the vertical. This tilt angle range satisfies functional adjustment requirements while ensuring the stability and safety of the entire phase-change Trombe wall structure. A smaller tilt angle ensures relatively balanced forces on the enclosure member 100 during rotation, reducing the risk of structural deformation and damage. It also mitigates potential safety hazards such as overturning caused by excessively large angles, thereby extending the system's service life. During this process, the angle between the condensing section 112 and the horizontal plane varies from 0° to 30°. Accordingly, the operating mode of the adaptive heat pipe phase-change Trombe wall can gradually shift from high-efficiency insulation to rapid heat storage. Specifically, the larger the angle between the condensing section 112 and the horizontal plane, the more efficient the recirculation of the working fluid and the faster the heat storage rate of the adaptive heat pipe phase-change Trombe wall.

[0037] When the enclosure member 100 is rotated to Figure 3At the angle shown, the angle between the condensation section 112 of the gravity heat pipe 110 and the horizontal plane tends to be horizontal, and at this time, the rate at which the condensed working medium flows back to the evaporation section 111 is slow. Figure 3 The angle of the enclosure 100 shown may be used in situations where a rapid increase in indoor temperature is not required.

[0038] When the enclosure member 100 is rotated to Figure 4 At the angle shown, the angle between the condensation section 112 of the gravity heat pipe 110 and the horizontal plane is relatively large, and at this time, the condensed working medium flows back to the evaporation section 111 at a relatively fast rate. Figure 4 The angle of the enclosure 100 shown may be used when the indoor temperature needs to be increased quickly.

[0039] In some optional embodiments, the enclosure 100 includes a polyurethane insulation outer layer 120, a concrete middle layer 130, and a phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140. The polyurethane insulation outer layer 120 serves as the outermost layer of the enclosure 100 and is used to prevent heat transfer. The concrete middle layer 130 is disposed inside the polyurethane insulation outer layer 120 and is used to prevent heat transfer. The phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140 is disposed inside the concrete middle layer 130. The thermal storage material of the phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140 is composed of a mixture of paraffin, undecanol, and dodecanol, and is used to regulate the indoor temperature and reduce indoor temperature fluctuations. The phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140 has a phase transition temperature of 16°C to 20°C and a latent heat of no less than 150 kJ / kg. It can effectively store daytime solar radiation heat and release the stored heat at night or when the indoor temperature is lower, thereby smoothing indoor temperature fluctuations. The operating temperature range of the internal working fluid of the gravity heat pipe 110 should cover the phase-change temperature range of the phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140. Phase-change thermal storage materials undergo phase changes within the phase-change temperature range, absorbing or releasing large amounts of heat. The operating temperature range overlaps the phase-change temperature range, allowing the phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140 to fully undergo phase changes during operation, maximizing its heat storage and release capabilities and improving energy storage and utilization efficiency. For example, in a solar heating system, during daytime periods of strong solar radiation, the phase-change material absorbs heat, undergoes phase changes, and stores thermal energy. At night, when temperatures drop, the phase-change material releases heat to maintain the indoor temperature.

[0040] The multiple gravity heat pipes 110 extend upward from the outside of the enclosure 100, then bend and extend into the enclosure 100, and should at least extend into the phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140. In this way, the working fluid in the multiple gravity heat pipes 110 can fully exchange heat with the phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140. Among them, the gravity heat pipe 110 has excellent heat transfer performance. The working fluid circulates in the heat pipe and can quickly transfer the heat absorbed by the outside of the enclosure 100 to the phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140. Compared with relying solely on heat conduction and other methods, the heat transfer efficiency is greatly improved and the heat loss during the transfer process is reduced.

[0041] The polyurethane outer insulation layer 120, the concrete middle layer 130, and the phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140 work together to form a multi-layered, multifunctional enclosure structure. The thermal insulation provided by the outer and middle layers reduces the burden on the phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140, allowing it to more effectively regulate temperature. The presence of the phase-change thermal storage inner layer 140 compensates for the shortcomings of the outer and middle layers in dynamic temperature regulation. The three elements work together to enhance the performance of the entire enclosure 100.

[0042] The adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall may further include a transparent window 300. The transparent window 300 is spaced apart on the outside of the polyurethane insulation outer layer 120, which can be used to transmit solar radiation and also has a sealing effect to prevent indoor temperature loss.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, the rotation support device 200 includes a slide rail 210 , a sliding module 220 and a drive motor 230 . Figure 5 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating support device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The slide rail 210 is divided into two groups, the top and the bottom, which are respectively fixed on the top and bottom walls of the enclosure 100. The sliding module 220 is also divided into two groups, the top and the bottom, which are respectively arranged on the slide rail 210 and used to connect the enclosure 100. The driving motor 230 is connected to the sliding module 220 and is used to drive the sliding module 220 to move relative to the slide rail 210. The driving motor 230 can accurately control the movement of the sliding module 220 on the slide rail 210, and then accurately adjust the inclination angle of the enclosure 100, so that it can be accurately adjusted to the optimal angle according to the changes in indoor and outdoor temperatures and actual needs, thereby realizing precise control of the working medium reflux efficiency of the gravity heat pipe 110 and achieving ideal heat conduction effect and indoor temperature regulation effect.

[0044] The drive motor 230 may be a worm gear reduction motor. The worm gear reduction motor can drive the sliding module 220 to adjust the inclination angle of the enclosure member 100 at an angular velocity of 0.3° / s. Those skilled in the art can select an appropriate worm gear reduction motor based on actual needs and freely select the angular velocity for adjusting the inclination angle of the enclosure member 100. The above specific angular velocity data are for illustrative purposes only.

[0045] The rotating support device 200 may also include a silicone sealing strip 240. The silicone sealing strip 240 is arranged between the sliding module 220 and the enclosure member 100, and is used to cover the connection gap between the sliding module 220 and the enclosure member 100. The silicone sealing strip 240 can effectively cover the connection gap between the sliding module 220 and the enclosure member 100, prevent air from flowing through the gap, reduce the exchange of heat between indoor and outdoor, improve the thermal insulation performance of the enclosure structure, help maintain a stable indoor temperature, and reduce energy consumption. Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the silicone sealing strip 240 is less than or equal to 0.35W / (m·K). This low thermal conductivity can effectively prevent heat from being transferred through the sealing strip, reduce heat loss or transfer at the connection between the enclosure member 100 and the sliding module 220, help maintain a stable indoor temperature, and reduce heat loss in the building.

[0046] Those skilled in the art can, based on the technical concept of the above-mentioned rotating support device 200, use an angle adjustment mechanism with the same or similar functions to adjust the inclination angle of the enclosure member 100. For example, a hydraulic telescopic rod can be used in conjunction with a hinged structure, and the pressure change of the hydraulic system can drive the telescopic rod to extend and retract, thereby driving the enclosure member 100 to rotate around the hinge point to achieve precise adjustment of the inclination angle. An electric push rod and a gear rack mechanism can also be used. The linear motion of the electric push rod is converted into rotational motion through the gear rack to adjust the angle of the enclosure member 100 to meet the use requirements under different working conditions.

[0047] In some optional embodiments, the adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall further includes a data acquisition unit 250, a DRL control unit 260, and an execution unit 270. The data acquisition unit 250 is configured to collect environmental data from the environment in which the adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall resides. The DRL control unit 260 is configured to send tilt adjustment commands to the rotary support device 200. The execution unit 270 is configured to receive the tilt adjustment commands from the DRL control unit 260 and drive the drive motor 230 accordingly. The data acquisition unit 250 collects environmental data in real time, providing an accurate information foundation for the system. The DRL control unit 260 analyzes and makes decisions based on this data, then sends the tilt adjustment commands to the execution unit 270, which then drives the drive motor 230 to adjust the tilt of the rotary support device 200. This entire process requires no human intervention and automatically adjusts the Trombe wall's tilt according to environmental changes, achieving intelligent adaptive control and improving the system's operational efficiency and accuracy.

[0048] Environmental data in the environment of the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombe wall may include at least indoor temperature, indoor humidity, occupant activity status, air conditioning system on / off, outdoor temperature, solar radiation intensity, outdoor wind speed, temperature distribution of the phase change thermal storage inner layer 140, and the temperature of the air layer between the transparent glass window and the opaque enclosure structure. Data acquisition unit 250 can be configured with corresponding detection components based on the required environmental data, such as a temperature detection component, an indoor humidity collection component, and a solar radiation detection component.

[0049] This embodiment also provides a control method for an adaptively regulating heat pipe phase-change Trombert wall, which is used to control the adaptively regulating heat pipe phase-change Trombert wall of any of the above embodiments. Figure 6 1 is a flow chart of a control method for adaptively controlling a heat pipe phase change Trombourg wall according to an embodiment of the present invention. The control method includes at least the following steps S601 to S606.

[0050] Step S601: Acquire environmental data and construct a state vector corresponding to the environmental data. By acquiring environmental data and constructing a state vector, complex environmental information can be digitally represented, providing a basis for subsequent analysis.

[0051] Step S602: The state vector is fused with the historical data sequence to form an extended state vector for prediction and decision-making. This fusion of the state vector and the historical data sequence not only considers the current environmental data but also incorporates the long-term trends and patterns contained in the historical data. This provides a more comprehensive and accurate description of environmental conditions, helping to more precisely grasp the characteristics and trends of environmental changes.

[0052] Step S603, predict the changing trend of indoor and outdoor environments and the indoor heat demand trend based on the extended state vector. By predicting the changing trend of indoor and outdoor environments and the indoor heat demand trend based on the extended state vector, the direction and degree of change of the environment and heat demand can be predicted in advance. This allows the system to make corresponding preparations and adjustments before the changes occur, such as adjusting the working status of the enclosure components in advance to better adapt to the upcoming environmental changes and maintain the comfort and stability of the indoor environment. For example, based on the extended state vector, it is predicted that the temperature of the indoor and outdoor environments will drop significantly in the future control cycle. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the angle of the enclosure components to Figure 4 The angle shown is a large amount of stored heat in the room to cope with the possible cooling situation in the next control cycle to maintain a suitable indoor temperature.

[0053] Furthermore, when processing the extended state vector, a hierarchical Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) time series model can be used to simultaneously capture long-term trends at the seasonal and monthly levels and short-term dynamics at the daily and hourly levels, predicting trends in outdoor environmental changes and indoor heating demand caused by indoor occupant activity within subsequent short-term control cycles. By combining long-term trends with short-term dynamics, the hierarchical LSTM model fully utilizes the information in the extended state vector. By comprehensively analyzing features at different timescales, the model can more accurately predict trends in outdoor environmental changes, such as changes in temperature, humidity, and light, as well as trends in indoor heating demand caused by indoor occupant activity. The hierarchical LSTM time series prediction model calculates the root mean square error (RMSE) between the predicted results and the actual measured values, requiring real-time evaluation of prediction accuracy. When the prediction error exceeds a set threshold, the hierarchical LSTM time series model's network layers, number of hidden units, and attention mechanism weights are adaptively adjusted to improve the accuracy and robustness of the subsequent prediction cycles.

[0054] Step S604 determines the executable action space based on the indoor heat demand trend and the operating status of the enclosure components during the current control cycle. Determining the executable action space based on the indoor heat demand trend and the operating status of the enclosure components during the current control cycle can make the system's control measures more targeted and reasonable. The system can accurately select appropriate actions based on actual needs and current status to effectively control the indoor environment, avoiding blind operation or inappropriate control, improving the system's control efficiency and effectiveness, and also helping to reduce energy consumption and equipment wear, achieving the goals of energy conservation and extending equipment life.

[0055] Step S605: Outputting the adjustment action of the enclosure component in the next regulation cycle through the DRL control unit.

[0056] Step S606: Execute an adjustment action to adjust the inclination angle of the enclosure. The DRL control unit outputs and executes the adjustment action, accurately adjusting the inclination angle of the enclosure based on the previously determined executable action space. This data- and algorithm-based control method is more scientific and precise than traditional fixed-mode or empirical control methods, better meeting the thermal requirements of the indoor environment and maintaining a stable indoor temperature.

[0057] The step of determining the executable action space may include: determining the allowable range of variation of the inclination of the enclosure structure in the next control cycle based on the inclination position of the enclosure structure, the preset inclination range, the variation law of the heat transfer efficiency of the gravity heat pipe, and the heat demand of the future control cycle, and limiting the executable action space based on the allowable range of variation of the inclination of the enclosure structure in the next control cycle. By comprehensively considering multiple factors such as the inclination position of the enclosure structure, the preset inclination range, the variation law of the heat transfer efficiency of the gravity heat pipe, and the heat demand of the future control cycle, the allowable range of variation of the inclination of the enclosure structure can be accurately determined, thereby making the system more accurate when performing control. It avoids excessive or insufficient control caused by blindly adjusting the inclination angle, improves the control accuracy of the indoor ambient temperature, and provides users with a more stable and comfortable indoor environment.

[0058] In some optional embodiments, after determining the executable action space, it is also necessary to optimize and adjust the strategy. Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an optimization and adjustment strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flow chart includes at least the following steps S701 to S702.

[0059] Step S701 calculates a reward function based on the state changes of the enclosure components and the environmental data from the new cycle. By calculating this reward function based on the state changes of the enclosure components and the environmental data from the new cycle, real-time feedback information can be obtained after system adjustments are made. The reward function, as a quantitative evaluation metric, reflects the degree to which the current adjustment action achieves the system's goals, such as whether the indoor temperature is closer to the set value or whether energy consumption is reduced.

[0060] Step S702: Optimize the adjustment strategy based on the reward function. This optimization allows the system to continuously refine its control methods based on real-time feedback. Over time and with increasing control cycles, the adjustment strategy becomes increasingly optimized, and system performance improves, leading to better indoor environmental control and energy efficiency.

[0061] The optimization objectives of the reward function can include dynamic phase change utilization, heat storage delay penalty, and enclosure comfort factor. When the DRL control unit determines that there is a demand for heating in the future cycle, the dynamic phase change utilization rate performs a feedforward evaluation of the control mode of multiple consecutive short-term control cycles and the heat release of the phase change heat storage inner layer to guide the tilt angle adjustment. The calculation formula for the dynamic phase change utilization rate is:

[0062] Among them, E PCM is the dynamic phase change utilization rate, μ is the immediate delay performance weight ratio, Q actual is the actual heat storage in the current control cycle, Q maxis the theoretical upper limit of heat storage, γ is the time discount factor, and N is the number of subsequent consecutive short-term control cycles. By performing a feedforward assessment of the control patterns and heat release of the phase change thermal storage layer over these subsequent short-term control cycles, control strategies can be planned and optimized based on future heating needs. Guided tilt angle adjustment allows the system to more effectively utilize the heat storage and release properties of the phase change material, maximizing the actual heat storage capacity close to the theoretical upper limit, thereby improving energy utilization and reducing energy waste.

[0063] The heat storage delay penalty can be used to enter the heat storage mode in advance if the DRL control unit determines that the solar radiation in the future cycle is insufficient. If the DRL control unit determines that the room will be overheated in the future cycle, it will enter the insulation mode. If the DRL control unit fails to accurately predict, resulting in wasted solar energy or indoor overheating, a penalty will be imposed in the corresponding cycle. The calculation formula for the heat storage delay penalty is: Among them, P delay Delay penalty for heat storage, is the penalty coefficient, T pred To predict the temperature, T upper is the upper limit of the target indoor temperature range, T lower The lower limit of the target indoor temperature range is denoted by the heat storage delay penalty. This penalty applies when inaccurate predictions lead to adverse consequences. This encourages the DRL control unit to continuously optimize its prediction and decision-making capabilities, improving the system's accuracy in predicting changes in the indoor and outdoor environments and heat demand. This, in turn, enhances the reliability and stability of the entire system's operation and reduces the negative impact of incorrect decisions.

[0064] The above-mentioned heat storage mode can be understood as adjusting the angle of the enclosure components in advance when there is insufficient solar radiation in future cycles, so that the indoor temperature rises quickly and the heat is stored indoors, so as to avoid insufficient solar radiation in future cycles causing the indoor temperature to drop, thereby causing the people indoors to feel cold. The heat insulation mode can be understood as adjusting the angle of the enclosure components in a short-term control cycle before the arrival of the high temperature period when the indoor temperature is overheated in the future cycle, so as to avoid indoor overheating and causing discomfort to the people indoors. Whether it is to prevent the indoor temperature from being too low and causing people to feel cold, or to prevent indoor overheating and causing discomfort, it is precisely adjusted around the thermal comfort needs of the human body. This mode can maintain the indoor temperature in the human comfort range for a long time, significantly improve the comfort of the living or office environment, reduce health problems caused by temperature discomfort, and create a healthier and more comfortable living and working space for people.

[0065] Still Figure 3 and Figure 4 For example, in the heat storage mode, the enclosure member rotates to Figure 4At this time, the angle between the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe and the horizontal plane is larger. This allows the working fluid in the condensation section to quickly flow back to the evaporation section. Figure 4 The angle of the enclosure can quickly store heat indoors to avoid insufficient solar radiation in future cycles, which will cause the indoor temperature to drop and make people feel cold. Figure 3 At this time, the angle between the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe and the horizontal plane is small. Figure 3 The angle can make the indoor temperature change slowly, avoid indoor temperature rising, and prevent indoor overheating and causing discomfort to people inside.

[0066] Furthermore, the envelope comfort factor is used to comprehensively consider the buffering effect of the wall on the indoor thermal environment to reduce room temperature fluctuations caused by excessive heat storage and release. The calculation formula for the envelope comfort factor is: Among them, C com is the comfort factor of the enclosure structure, ΔT in The difference between the maximum and minimum indoor temperatures during the control cycle. Taking into account the buffering effect of walls on the indoor thermal environment, by reducing room temperature fluctuations caused by rapid heat storage and release, users can be provided with a more comfortable indoor thermal environment. A stable room temperature improves people's quality of life and work efficiency, reducing physical discomfort and increased energy consumption caused by temperature fluctuations.

[0067] In some optional embodiments, in the process of outputting the adjustment action of the enclosure component of the next control cycle through the DRL control unit, it is also necessary to adjust the simulation accuracy of the dynamic heat storage of the enclosure structure. Figure 8 This is a flow chart of adjusting the simulation accuracy of dynamic heat storage of a building envelope according to an embodiment of the present invention. This step includes at least steps S801 to S804.

[0068] Step S801: Determine an initial control strategy based on historical meteorological data, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and the thermal characteristics of the phase-change thermal storage inner layer. Determining the initial control strategy based on historical meteorological data, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and the thermal characteristics of the phase-change thermal storage inner layer fully utilizes existing data and information, taking into account the impact of various factors on the dynamic thermal storage of the building envelope. This provides a relatively accurate initial basis for the control strategy, making it more realistic.

[0069] Step S802, using real-time sensor data to update the neural network, and realize adaptive adjustment of the strategy when the external climate and the operating conditions change. Using real-time sensor data to update the neural network realizes adaptive adjustment of the control strategy. The external climate and the operating conditions are constantly changing. Real-time sensor data can capture these changes in a timely manner and adjust the strategy accordingly, thereby ensuring that the control strategy can always accurately adapt to changes in the actual situation, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the control. Among them, the external climate can be outdoor temperature, solar radiation intensity, outdoor wind speed, etc. The operating conditions can be heat storage mode and heat insulation mode.

[0070] Step S803 calculates the heat transfer capacity of the gravity heat pipe and the heat storage and release rates of the phase-change thermal storage inner layer. This calculation allows the system to accurately monitor its heat transfer, storage, and release. These parameters are crucial for accurately simulating the dynamic thermal storage of the enclosure structure. Precise calculations provide a better understanding of the system's thermal characteristics under different operating conditions, providing accurate data support for subsequent control.

[0071] Step S804: Calibrate the heat transfer submodel in the DRL control unit and adjust the accuracy of the simulation of the dynamic heat storage of the enclosure. This calibrates the heat transfer submodel in the DRL control unit and adjusts the accuracy of the simulation of the dynamic heat storage of the enclosure, enabling the system to more accurately simulate the dynamic heat storage process of the enclosure. This helps the DRL control unit more accurately predict and control the thermal state of the enclosure, thereby optimizing the performance of the entire system, improving energy efficiency, better meeting the requirements for regulating the indoor thermal environment, providing users with a more comfortable environment, and reducing energy consumption.

[0072] In some optional embodiments, continuous optimization can also be performed along with the adjustment strategy. Figure 9 1 is a flow chart of a continuous optimization adjustment strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention. The continuous optimization steps include at least steps 901 to 908.

[0073] Step 901: Acquire environmental data and construct a state vector corresponding to the environmental data.

[0074] Step 902: Fusing the state vector with the historical data sequence to form an extended state vector for prediction and decision-making.

[0075] Step 903: predict the indoor and outdoor environment change trends and the indoor heat demand trend based on the extended state vector.

[0076] Step 904 : determining an executable action space based on the indoor heat demand trend and the working status of the enclosure components in the current control cycle.

[0077] Step 905: Output the adjustment action of the enclosure component in the next regulation cycle through the DRL control unit.

[0078] Step 906: perform an adjustment action to adjust the inclination angle of the enclosure component.

[0079] Step 907 : Calculate the reward function based on the state change of the enclosure component and the environmental data in the new cycle.

[0080] Step 908: Optimize and adjust the strategy based on the reward function.

[0081] After optimizing and adjusting the policy based on the reward function, the system reacquires environmental data and constructs a corresponding state vector. This iterative cycle of control steps forms a periodic closed-loop control process, continuously optimizing the dynamic adjustment strategy. This iterative process is a process of continuous learning and improvement. Over time, the system accumulates more data and experience, resulting in more accurate predictions, more informed decisions, and more optimized control strategies, thereby continuously improving the performance and reliability of the entire system.

[0082] The above control method can realize the adaptive control of the inclination angle change of the heat pipe phase change Trombe wall and the intelligent management of the gravity heat pipe working mode through the AI automatic adjustment module. The AI automatic adjustment module includes a data acquisition unit, a DRL control unit and an execution unit. Among them, the data acquisition unit monitors the indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, solar radiation intensity, wind speed, personnel activities, the temperature distribution of the phase change heat storage inner layer, the temperature of the air layer between the glass windows and the enclosing components in real time, and transmits the collected data to the DRL control unit in real time. Among them, the DRL control unit realizes AI adaptive control based on the deep reinforcement learning algorithm. As a preferred solution for AI adaptive control, in the step of the DRL control unit operation, the AI module uses real-time data to construct the current environment state vector, and fuses it with the historical data sequence to form an extended state vector S t The extended state vector S t The calculation formula is:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, T out (t), G(t), v(t), RH out (t) outdoor environmental parameters for providing the adaptively controlled low-energy heat pipe phase change Trombe wall and control method in this embodiment, representing outdoor temperature, solar radiation intensity, wind speed, and relative humidity; T mid (t) represents the temperature of the air layer between the transparent glass window and the opaque enclosure structure components; T PCM (x, y, t) represents the temperature distribution of the inner layer of the phase change thermal storage; T in (t), RHin (t) and A(t) represent indoor temperature, relative humidity, and human activities, respectively.

[0085] Furthermore, an AI-powered automatic adjustment module enables adaptive control of the inclination angle of the heat pipe phase change Trombe wall and intelligent management of the gravity heat pipe operating mode. The synergistic effect of the wall structure and AI algorithms enables precise control of indoor temperature stability and comfort around the clock. Specifically, during winter, when continuous heating demand is required, the system automatically increases the inclination angle of the enclosure to increase the heat transfer efficiency of the gravity heat pipe and rapidly warm the room. During winter afternoons, when indoor temperatures are high, the system enters insulation mode during a short control cycle before the arrival of the high-temperature period to prevent overheating. After the peak afternoon heat period, the system returns to thermal storage mode based on the actual heat storage capacity of the phase change thermal storage layer and nighttime heat demand. To address intermittent winter heating demand, the system preemptively adjusts the enclosure inclination angle based on predicted user home hours, outdoor temperature, and solar radiation intensity trends to regulate heat flow and indoor temperature. This minimizes active system energy consumption during heating demand periods and avoids energy waste. During summer, when there is no heating demand, the enclosure tilts to an insulation angle, reducing the cooling burden on the air conditioner.

[0086] At this point, those skilled in the art will recognize that, although a number of exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the present invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.

[0087] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," and "disposed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, or integration; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. A person of ordinary skill in the art should be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0088] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in the description of the present disclosure have the same meaning as commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0089] In the description of this disclosure, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0090] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments of the present invention, and that these embodiments are intended to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the embodiments provided by the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall, characterized in that include: An enclosure component is provided on a side of the phase change Trombe wall close to the interior of the room and is configured to be rotatable within a preset tilt angle range; A plurality of gravity heat pipes, each of the gravity heat pipes extending upward from an end portion along the outer side of the enclosure member and then bending and extending into the enclosure member, thereby forming an evaporation section outside the enclosure member and a condensation section extending into the enclosure member; The rotating support device is arranged at the top and bottom of the enclosure member and is configured to adjust the inclination angle of the enclosure member according to the indoor and outdoor temperatures, thereby changing the working medium reflux efficiency of the gravity heat pipe.

2. The adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of gravity heat pipes are arranged in an array; and the condensing section of each gravity heat pipe is configured to extend obliquely upward in a direction from outside to inside when the enclosure member is in a vertical state; The inclination angle range of the enclosure member is configured to be inclined at -15° to 15° relative to the vertical direction.

3. The adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosure component comprises: A polyurethane thermal insulation outer layer, serving as the outermost layer of the enclosure member; A concrete middle layer is provided on the inner side of the polyurethane thermal insulation outer layer; A phase-change heat storage inner layer is provided on the inner side of the concrete middle layer, wherein the heat storage material of the phase-change heat storage inner layer is composed of a mixture of paraffin, undecanol and dodecanol, and the phase change temperature of the heat storage material is within the range of 16°C to 20°C; and The adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombert wall further comprises: Transparent windows are spaced apart on the outside of the polyurethane heat-insulating outer layer and are used for transmitting solar radiation.

4. The adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary support device comprises: Slide rails, the slide rails are divided into two groups, one at the top and one at the bottom, and are fixed to the top and bottom walls of the enclosure member respectively; Sliding modules, the sliding modules are composed of two groups, the top and the bottom, respectively arranged on the slide rails, for connecting the enclosure components; A driving motor is connected to the sliding module and is used to drive the sliding module and the slide rail to move relative to each other.

5. The adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotary support device further comprises: A silicone sealing strip is provided between the sliding module and the enclosure member to cover the connection gap between the sliding module and the enclosure member; and The thermal conductivity of the silicone sealing strip is less than or equal to 0.35 W / (m·K).

6. The adaptive heat pipe phase change Trombe wall according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A data acquisition unit, configured to collect environmental data of the environment in which the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Trombe wall is located; A DRL control unit, configured to send a tilt adjustment command to the rotary support device; An execution unit is configured to receive the tilt adjustment command issued by the DRL control unit and drive the drive motor according to the tilt adjustment command.

7. A control method for an adaptively controlled heat pipe phase-change Trombourg wall, for controlling the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase-change Trombourg wall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire environmental data and construct a state vector corresponding to the environmental data; fusing the state vector with a historical data sequence to form an extended state vector for prediction and decision making; predicting indoor and outdoor environment change trends and indoor heat demand trends based on the extended state vector; Determining an executable action space according to the indoor and outdoor environment change trend, the indoor heat demand trend, and the working status of the enclosure components in the current control cycle; Outputting the adjustment action of the enclosure component in the next control cycle through the DRL control unit; The adjustment action is performed to adjust the inclination angle of the enclosure component.

8. The control method for adaptively regulating heat pipe phase change Trombert wall according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the step of determining the executable action space, the method further includes: Calculating a reward function according to the state change of the enclosure component and the environmental data in a new cycle; The strategy is optimized and adjusted according to the reward function.

9. The control method for adaptively regulating heat pipe phase change Trombert wall according to claim 8, characterized in that: The optimization objectives of the reward function include dynamic phase change utilization, heat storage delay penalty, and envelope comfort factor, where The dynamic phase change utilization rate is configured to: when the DRL control unit determines that there is a demand for heat supply in a future period, perform a feedforward evaluation on the control mode of a plurality of subsequent consecutive short-term control periods and the heat release of the phase change heat storage inner layer to guide the tilt angle adjustment; The calculation formula of the dynamic phase change utilization rate is: Among them, the E PCM is the dynamic phase change utilization rate, μ is the immediate delay performance weight ratio, and Q actual is the actual heat storage in the current regulation cycle, and Q max is the theoretical upper limit of heat storage, γ is the time discount factor, and N is the number of subsequent consecutive short-term regulation cycles; The calculation formula of the heat storage delay penalty is: Among them, the P delay For the thermal storage delay penalty, the is the penalty coefficient, the T pred To predict the temperature, the T upper is the upper limit of the target indoor temperature range, the T lower is the lower limit of the target indoor temperature range; The calculation formula of the enclosure structure comfort factor is: Among them, the C com is the comfort factor of the building envelope, the ΔT in It is the difference between the maximum and minimum indoor temperature during this control cycle.

10. The control method for adaptively regulating heat pipe phase change Trombert wall according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of outputting the adjustment action of the enclosure member in the next regulation cycle through the DRL control unit includes: An initial control strategy is obtained based on historical meteorological data, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and the thermal characteristics of the phase change thermal storage inner layer; Use real-time sensor data to update the neural network and achieve adaptive adjustment of strategies when external climate and operating conditions change; Calculating the heat transfer capacity of the gravity heat pipe and the heat storage rate and heat release rate of the phase change heat storage inner layer; The heat transfer sub-model in the DRL control unit is calibrated to adjust the simulation accuracy of the dynamic heat storage of the enclosure structure.

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