The invention relates to a lithium battery with a built-in metal guide tube. The lithium battery comprises a shell, a battery cell and at least one metal guide tube, wherein the battery cell is arranged in the shell, and the metal guide tube penetrates through the inner part of the battery and the shell; when a plurality of metal guide tubes exist, the plurality of metal guide tubes can be sleeved inside a heat-conducting casing pipe; and in addition, because a plurality of through holes are distributed on the surface of a tube wall of each metal guide tube, heat produced in the inner cavities of the battery cell and the shell can be conducted into each metal guide tube through the plurality of through holes distributed on the surface of the metal guide tube, and then, conducted to the outside of the shell through each metal guide tube. The lithium battery disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simplicity in structure, convenience for production and control, and capability of conducting the heat, electricity and air through each metal guide tube in the battery cell of the lithium battery, so that the effect of conducting the heat in the center of the battery cell is achieved, and the effects of facilitating heat radiation, shortening a collector electrode, reducing internal resistance, reducing thermal consumption, balancing internal pressure of the battery and the like are achieved.